Eskom Holdings SOC Limited (referred to as Eskom), a public state owned company, is required to continually demonstrate environmental duty of care and report on its environmental performance. In furthering its commitment to sustainable development and in line with environmental compliance of its activities, Eskom is planning to have the Distribution Division certified against the International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) 14001:2004 environmental management system (EMS) standard by 2014. In general, management review may quickly turn into a dry review of the items on the agenda, done only to show an auditor the review was held. As such, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of management reviews as one of the key continual improvement elements of the ISO 14001:2004 environmental management system within Eskom Distribution: Western Region. This research has been designed to take place in three stages. These stages are planning, execution and publication, and preparing the dissertation for marking. The research methodology included a literature study on various national and international articles and journals on EMSs that relate to environmental performance. The databases of Eskom Distribution: Western Region ‒ i.e. the management review presentation results for the 2008/09, 2009/10 and 2010/11 financial years, key significant environmental aspects for the Technical Service Centres (TSCs) and Minor/Major Engineering Works (MEW), key performance indicators (KPIs), Risk Audit System (RAS) results, and results of the external EMS audit conducted from 23–25 April 2007 were used for this research. Questionnaires were sent to the TSCs’ senior supervisors and Safety, Health, Environment and Quality (SHEQ) management. An analysis of the questionnaires completed by the TSC senior supervisors showed that all the participants have seen an improvement in environmental performance due to annual management reviews, except TSC11, who have not seen management review results. It can be concluded from the results of the SHEQ management questionnaires that an improvement (continual improvement as per the ISO 14001 requirement) was observed. The improvements were identified through improved processes, improved gap analysis, increased environmental awareness, and addressing risks. Most of the ISO 14001:2004 requirements for the management review for all financial years covered in this study were met. In terms of the objectives, targets and KPIs, Eskom Distribution: Western Region performed effectively and most of the outcomes were implemented according to the recommendations. Further, based on the external audit conducted from 23 to 25 April 2007, it is clear that Eskom Distribution: Western Region conformed to the minimum requirements of the ISO 14001:2004 EMS. Their management reviews also met all requirements of the ISO 14001:2004 relating to management review. This was proven by minutes of previous meetings that covered all the necessary issues that were audited. Thus, the existence of management reviews contributed towards ensuring that the ISO system was scrutinised and improved where it worked, and that aspects that did not work well were removed. / M. Environmental Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

ISO 14001 is the specification and guideline providing the framework for the establishment of the EMS. It was first published in September 1996 and updated in November 2004. It was developed by ISO, a Geneva-based NGO that promotes the development and implementation of international standards (Darnall, 2001:2). EMS is part of the organisation’s management system used to develop and implement its environmental policy and manage its environmental impacts (ISO 14001, 2004:2). In South Africa there is no legal requirement for EMSs to be put into place, other than where it may have been made a condition of a permit or licence application. All Underground Platinum Mines are required to develop, document, implement, maintain and review their EMS, which should be certified toISO14001:2004 (AEW, 2009:13). The problem is that the implementation of an EMS is associated with a number of shortcomings and may be seen as a paper exercise to satisfy the needs of external auditors during audits with no particular value accruing to the organisation. The aim of the research was to determine the operational value of the ISO 14001 EMS at selected Underground Platinum Mines. A structured survey-based research study was conducted among employees in three different operations within Underground Platinum Mine. This included literature and case studies review, interviews with key EMS implementers and distribution of questionnaires to those employees involved with the EMS implementation. The main aim of the research has been achieved and all the research sub-questions were answered. The study concludes that the ISO 14001 EMS as implemented at Underground Platinum Mine is not merely a paper exercise but has an operational value. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

South Africa is one of the world's foremost mining nations and mining and its associated industries continue to form the cornerstone of the country's economy. However, the mining industry has, by its very nature, the potential to endanger human health and safety, as well as the physical environment. Consequently, mining will always contend with major environmental challenges and remain under constant public pressure to demonstrate its commitment to responsible environmental management. The key to effective environmental management is the use of a systematic approach to plan, control and improve environmental efforts. An Environmental Management System (EMS) employs such an approach and allows organisations to address environmental concerns in an orderly and consistent manner. Such a system allows organisations to anticipate and meet their environmental objectives and to ensure ongoing compliance with national and/or international requirements. An organisation with no existing EMS should, initially, establish its current position with regard to the environment by means of an initial review process. The aim should be to consider all environmental aspects of the organisation as a basis for establishing the EMS. Although a few gold mines in South Africa have implemented an EMS, the question of which significant environmental aspects need to be managed in such a system at a deep level gold mine shaft, remains largely unanswered. This study endeavoured to provide answers to this question and develop a generic model for the initial review process of a deep level gold mine shaft. The development of such a model should facilitate the development and implementation of an EMS at such shafts, thereby contributing to reduce the environmental impact of gold mines. The research consisted of a literature review of national and international literature on the topic and a comparative empirical study, which evaluated the mining operations of two deep level gold mine shafts. Data collection and analysis was done according to the IS0 14015 guideline on the environmental assessment of sites and organisations. Other techniques used included business process analysis, the use of modified Leopoldt matrices and risk analysis to determine the significance of the environmental impacts and aspects. This study contributed to a generic model for the initial environmental review process that precedes the development of an EMS at deep level gold mine shafts through: developing a generic sub-model that can be used to determine the scope of any deep level gold mine shaft; identifying some of the significant environmental impacts and aspects of deep level gold mine shafts, as well as identifying some generic business activities that are potentially destructive and carry a high risk of causing significant negative environmental impacts. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

An Environmental Management System (EMS) can be defined as "... a formal set of procedures and policies that define how an organization will manage its potential impacts on the natural environment and on the health and welfare of the people who depend on if (Andrews et al, 1999:2). In an effort to sustainably manage its own activities, products, services and facilities, various municipalities around the world have, in the past few years, started to follow the private sector trend and implemented the International Standards Organization (ISO) 14001 EMS voluntarily (Von Malmborg, 2003:1). Despite recent growth of EMS literature, evidence in terms of the effectiveness of EMS is still sparse, and little data exists on the effectiveness and benefits of an EMS (Edwards et al, 1999:36) especially in relation to local government. It's also possible that the potential benefits an EMS holds for an organization remains only "talk" and "paper commitments" (Andrews et al, 1999:2). The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of ISO 14001 for local government with specific reference to the City of Tshwane (CoT). The research results suggest limited effectiveness of EMS. The main reasons for limited achievement of expected EMS benefits and thus its partial effectiveness were mainly identified as low commitment to environmental issues, insufficient resources, poor EMS implementation, low environmental awareness, ignorance and limiting internal procedures. This research concludes with recommendations to the CoT and municipalities in general to improve the overall effectiveness of its EMS. / Thesis (M. Environmental Management)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Orientador: Gerson Araújo de Medeiros / Coorientador: Bruno Fernando Gianelli / Resumo: Com o passar dos anos, o desenvolvimento tecnológico e científico vem evoluindo rapidamente, levando a um aumento de consumo de matéria, recursos naturais e energia, além da geração de resíduos, emissões atmosféricas e efluentes. Dessa forma, políticas públicas e normas foram criadas para evitar, diminuir e mitigar impactos ambientais negativos resultantes de atividades antropogênicas. Nesse contexto, emergiu o pensamento do ciclo de vida, em que são analisados todos os impactos ambientais gerados por um processo ou produto desde a extração da matéria-prima até a disposição final. Como consequência, têm-se a ferramenta de Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV), a qual pode ser aplicada a inúmeros processos. Dessa forma, esse trabalho objetivou estimar os potenciais impactos ambientais gerados em uma unidade agropecuária multifuncional sob a perspectiva de ciclo de vida e a construção de um inventário de ciclo de vida (ICV) a partir dos aspectos ambientais pertinentes à unidade em estudo. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Divisão de Produção Rural (DPR) da Fundação Parque Zoológico de São Paulo, em Araçoiaba da Serra, a partir de sua divisão em subsistemas de acordo com as funções desempenhadas. Utilizou-se o software SimaPro para a inserção do ICV, o qual possui bases de dados contendo diversos aspectos ambientais, para a construção do ciclo de vida e cálculo dos potenciais impactos ambientais pelo método Eco-Indicator 99(H). Dentre as atividades desenvolvidas (educação ambiental, con... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Over the years, technological and scientific development has evolved rapidly, leading to an increase in the consumption of matter, natural resources and energy, as well as the generation of waste, atmospheric emissions and effluents. In this way, public policies and norms were created to avoid, decrease and mitigate negative environmental impacts resulting from anthropogenic activities. In this context, life cycle thinking has emerged, in which all the environmental impacts generated by a process or product, from extraction of the raw material to disposal of residuals, are analyzed. As a consequence, there is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), an environmental management tool applied to various processes. This work aimed to estimate the potential environmental impacts generated in a multifunctional agricultural unit under the life cycle perspective and the construction of a life cycle inventory (LCI) from relevant resources for the unit studied. This research was developed in the Division of Rural Production (DRP) of the São Paulo Zoo Foundation, in Araçoiaba da Serra, dividing the unit in subsystems according to its functions. The SimaPro software, which has databases of different environmental aspects, was used to insert the LCI, the construction of the life cycle and the calculation of the potential environmental impacts by the Eco-Indicator 99(H) method. Among the activities carried out (environmental education, animal conservation and breeding, agricultural production and ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Otávio José de Oliveira / Banca: Fernando Augusto Silva Marins / Banca: Cecília Maria Villas Bôas de Almeida / Resumo: As exigências ambientais, regulamentares e mercadológicas têm pressionado as empresas a incorporarem ações e iniciativas voltadas para o desenvolvimento sustentável, para atender a esses requisitos as organizações podem implantar a gestão ambiental, que incluí a adoção de elementos como, o Geen Supply Chain Management (GSCM), consistindo na inserção de inciativas verdes em todos os elos da cadeia de suprimentos tradicional, abrangendo também as atividades relacionadas ao destino correto do produto no final da vida útil. Neste contexto de sustentabilidade a BM&FBovespa criou o Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE), com o intuito de acompanhar o desempenho das ações de empresas que visam pelo desenvolvimento sustentável e transparência nos seus negócios. As companhias constantes no ISE são estimulados pela BM&FBovespa a informar suas ações ambientais por meio do modelo de relatório GRI (Global Reporting Initiative), sendo este reconhecido internacionalmente e permite o acesso livre as informações sobre as políticas, iniciativas e práticas empresarias voltadas para os aspectos econômicos, sociais e ambientais. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de elaborar diretrizes para o desenvolvimento dos elementos do GSCM em empresas industriais. Para cumprir com este objetivo, o trabalho realizou uma pesquisa documental nos relatórios GRI das empresas de manufatura listadas no ISE, para identificar os elementos e dificuldades de implantação do GSCM, posteriormente fo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Environmental and marketing regulatory requirements have pushed companies to incorporate actions and initiatives through sustainable development. The emergence of environmental management practices, such as green supply chain management (GSCM), which consists of the insertion of green initiatives in all links of the supply chain, since the supplier until the final disposal of products, have been increasing. Aiming at sustainable development and business transparency, BM&FBovespa has created the Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE) to monitor the performance of corporate actions relating to sustainable issues. Moreover, BM&FBovespa stimulate companies to report their environmental actions through the GRI (global reporting initiative) reporting model that allows free access to information, policies and business practices geared to economic, social and environmental topics. Thereby, the present work has the objective of elaborating guidelines for the development of the elements of the GSCM in industrial companies. In order to comply with this objective, the work carried out a documentary survey in the GRI reports of the manufacturing companies listed in the ISE, to identify the elements and difficulties of implementation of the GSCM, three case studies were then carried out in companies from different segments in order to compare the good practices and difficulties encountered, and the GSCM implementation guidelines were elaborated based on the elements considered in this work such as green marketing, environmental management, green Design, life cycle assessment, green suppliers, cleaner production, sustainable packaging and transportation, customer cooperation, and reverse logistics / Mestre

A certificação de Sistemas de gestão ambiental tem se tornado quase uma obrigação para as Organizações, face ao aumento da conscientização da sociedade para os problemas relacionados ao meio ambiente. Este trabalho busca identificar se a certificação de Sistemas de gestão ambiental promove a efetiva melhoria do desempenho ambiental de empresas Brasileiras e se estes sistemas permitem uma relação custo-benefício favorável a estas Organizações. A metodologia, baseada na pesquisa qualitativa, utiliza como instrumentos a aplicação de um questionário com questões fechadas e análise de documentos do Sistema de Gestão Ambiental de Organizações certificadas há mais de dois anos. Os resultados da pesquisa conseguiram demonstrar que, embora ainda existam diversos pontos com potencial de melhoria nos sistemas pesquisados, as Organizações estão conseguindo melhorar seu desempenho ambiental ao longo do tempo e também auferir benefícios econômicos com a operação destes sistemas. Foi observado que o foco principal dos sistemas implementados nas Organizações pesquisadas está concentrado mais no sistema propriamente dito do que na busca de uma efetiva melhoria do desempenho ambiental, que é o ponto central do objetivo da implantação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental, segundo a norma ABNT NBR ISO 14001 (ABNT, 2004). Algumas das ações tomadas pelas Organizações já demonstram alinhamento com a tendência atual de busca da sustentabilidade, o que representa um potencial positivo para a disseminação da importância destes sistemas como uma das ferramentas a serem utilizadas para se cumprir as diretrizes estabelecidas na Agenda 21. / The certification of Environmental Management Systems has almost become a obligation for Organizations, because of the increasing societys consciousness about the problems related to the environment. This paper seeks identify whether the certification of Environmental Management Systems promotes the effective improvement of environmental performance of Brazilian companies and whether these systems provide a favorable cost-benefit ratio to these Organizations. The methodology, based on qualitative research, uses as instruments the application of a questionnaire of closed questions and analysis of documents from the Environmental Management Systems of Organizations certified since more than two years. The results of the research achieved to demonstrate that, even though there are several points of potential improvement in the systems evaluated, the Organizations are able to improve its environmental performance over time and also reap economic benefits due to the operation of these systems. It was observed that the main focus of the systems implemented in the evaluated Organizations is more concentrated in the system itself than in looking for the effective environmental performance improvement, which is the core point of the objective of the implementation of a Environmental Management System, according to the standard ABNT NBR ISO 14001 (ABNT, 2004). Some of the actions taken by the Organizations already show alignment with the current trend of seeking for sustainability, which represents a positive potential for disseminating the importance of these systems as a tool to be used to meet the guidelines set forth in Agenda 21.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-02-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:52:29Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pimentel_pa_me_botfca.pdf: 717119 bytes, checksum: 4feb41eb1058733cffe18c74d8c03e82 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / É sabido da existência de limites no meio ambiente e da capacidade de absorver e reciclar matéria ou resíduos, diante desta problemática, o escopo deste projeto de pesquisa foi desenvolver uma metodologia capaz de reutilizar os RTD de cervejaria, uma vez que não existe um tratamento e/ou uma destinação adequada. Foram realizados ensaios de DQO para determinar o potencial de poluição do RTD; análises de sólidos totais e sólidos totais fixos; umidade; tempo de decantação em provetas; seguidos de calcinação em mufla do RTD. Nas análises de sólidos totais, sólidos totais fixos e umidade foram determinados a eficiência no processo de recuperação do RTD. Na etapa de decantação foram estudados o tempo necessário para separar o RTD do sobrenadante. Nos ensaios de calcinação foram estudados a diferença no tempo de residência em mufla e comparados com o processo CETEM. A TDR obtida do processo de calcinação foram submetidas a análises de densidade aparente, superfície específica, umidade, perda ao fogo, pH, teor de sílica, aluminio, ferro, cálcio, sódio, potássio, magnésio e comparadas com as terras diatomáceas de uso corrente no mercado. A TDR e a TDP foram classificadas em peneiras vibratórias e submetidas a ensaios tecnológico de filtração a nível laboratorial com cerveja do tipo Pilsen sem filtrar produzida no Laboratório 2 de Bebidas da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas do Campus de Botucatu. O filtrado resultante foram submetidos a análises de turbidez, cor e contagem de células e comparados com a testemunha. Nas análises realizadas foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: DQO 121.667 mg L-1 e 62.500 mg L-1; sólidos totais 28,37%; sólidos totais fixos 22,17%; umidade 71,65%; tempo de decantação de 80 minutos; diferença no tempo de calcinação de 0,5 horas, reduzindo em 66,70% o consumo de energia elétrica; sílica 98,70% na TDR... / It is known that there is a limit in the environment an the capacity to absorb and recycle substance or waste, hence, the purpose of this research was to develop a method which could reuse RTD in the beer industry. It was accomplished DQO test to determine the pollution potential of the RTD; total solid, fixed total solid and humidity analysis, period of the decantation in cylinder test; followed by calcination in the oven of the RTD. In the total solid, fixed total solid and humidity test it was determinated efficiency on the process of recuperation of RTD. Yet, in the stage of decantation it was studied the necessary time to separate the RTD of that solution. And in the calcination test it was studied the difference in the residence time period in oven and compared with CETEM process. The TDR obtained from the calcination process was analyzed its apparent density, specific surface, humidity, fire loss, pH, silicon, aluminium, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and it was compared with diatomaceous earth of the commercial current use. The TDR and TDP were classified in vibrant strainer and submitted to the technological filtration test in laboratory scale with beer type Pilsen before being filtered which has been produced in beverage laboratory of that Science Agronomic Faculty in Botucatu. The filtered was submitted to haste, color and counting of cells analyses and compared with testimony. In the accomplished test it was obtained the following results: DQO 121.667 mg L-1 e 62.500 mg L-1; total solid 28,37%; fixed total solid 22,17%; humidity 71,65%; decantation time 80 minutes; calcination difference time 0,5 hour, reducing the 4 electronics consumpition in 66,70%; silicon 98,70% in TDR; filtered it showed acceptability in the haste analyses, color and counting of cells. At the end of the research it was established that with the adoption of the SGA... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Submitted by LUIZ ALBERTO FREDERICO DE OLIVEIRA null (fred.gestao@gmail.com) on 2016-09-05T13:24:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Alberto Frederico de Oliveira - Dissertação.pdf: 2985998 bytes, checksum: 9e3903b77f6d77a5173e1dc6e0a57e22 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-09-08T17:33:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_laf_me_bauru.pdf: 2985998 bytes, checksum: 9e3903b77f6d77a5173e1dc6e0a57e22 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-08T17:33:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_laf_me_bauru.pdf: 2985998 bytes, checksum: 9e3903b77f6d77a5173e1dc6e0a57e22 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-15 / A certificação ambiental ISO 14001 é uma mudança nas práticas organizacionais, a partir da introdução da gestão ambiental na cultura organizacional. A implantação da norma ISO 14001 baliza o Sistema de Gestão Ambiental (SGA) para a certificação ISO 14001, que contribuirá na preparação da mudança organizacional. Dada a importância da ISSO 14001 para as organizações e o meio ambiente, o objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar a priorização dos requisitos da ISO 14001 como ferramenta de implantação do SGA. A ideia principal da pesquisa é proporcionar a identificação da priorização dos requisitos para adequação da organização em uma certificação ambiental. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, e a tipologia de pesquisa caracterizada em pesquisa mista. Além disso, foi utilizado o método ANP, desenvolvido por Saaty (1980), para análise e discussão dos resultados. Em uma organização, o fato de se conhecerem os níveis de implantação de seu SGA, os esforços serão direcionados em requisitos nas atividades a serem executadas, dado requisitos que já foram atendidos. Nesse contexto, foi elaborada uma ferramenta com a finalidade de auxiliar os gestores quanto ao caminho a seguir em busca da certificação ambiental reconhecida mundialmente. / The ISO 14001 environmental certification is a change in organizational practices, from the introduction of environmental management in the organizational culture. The implementation of ISO 14001 Beacon Environmental Management System (EMS) for ISO 14001 certification, which will help in the preparation of organizational change. Given the importance of ISO 14001 for organizations and the environment, the objective of this research is to evaluate the prioritization of requirements of ISO 14001 as the EMS deployment tool. The main idea of the research is to provide identification of the prioritization of requirements for adequacy of the organization in an environmental certification. The study was a quantitative and qualitative approach, and research typology characterized in joint research. In addition, we used the ANP method developed by Saaty (1980) for analysis and discussion of results. In an organization, the fact that they met the deployment levels of their EMS, efforts will be focused on requirements in the activities to be performed, given that requirements have been met. In this context, it created a tool in order to assist managers about the way forward in search of environmental certification recognized worldwide.

A certificação de Sistemas de gestão ambiental tem se tornado quase uma obrigação para as Organizações, face ao aumento da conscientização da sociedade para os problemas relacionados ao meio ambiente. Este trabalho busca identificar se a certificação de Sistemas de gestão ambiental promove a efetiva melhoria do desempenho ambiental de empresas Brasileiras e se estes sistemas permitem uma relação custo-benefício favorável a estas Organizações. A metodologia, baseada na pesquisa qualitativa, utiliza como instrumentos a aplicação de um questionário com questões fechadas e análise de documentos do Sistema de Gestão Ambiental de Organizações certificadas há mais de dois anos. Os resultados da pesquisa conseguiram demonstrar que, embora ainda existam diversos pontos com potencial de melhoria nos sistemas pesquisados, as Organizações estão conseguindo melhorar seu desempenho ambiental ao longo do tempo e também auferir benefícios econômicos com a operação destes sistemas. Foi observado que o foco principal dos sistemas implementados nas Organizações pesquisadas está concentrado mais no sistema propriamente dito do que na busca de uma efetiva melhoria do desempenho ambiental, que é o ponto central do objetivo da implantação de um Sistema de Gestão Ambiental, segundo a norma ABNT NBR ISO 14001 (ABNT, 2004). Algumas das ações tomadas pelas Organizações já demonstram alinhamento com a tendência atual de busca da sustentabilidade, o que representa um potencial positivo para a disseminação da importância destes sistemas como uma das ferramentas a serem utilizadas para se cumprir as diretrizes estabelecidas na Agenda 21. / The certification of Environmental Management Systems has almost become a obligation for Organizations, because of the increasing societys consciousness about the problems related to the environment. This paper seeks identify whether the certification of Environmental Management Systems promotes the effective improvement of environmental performance of Brazilian companies and whether these systems provide a favorable cost-benefit ratio to these Organizations. The methodology, based on qualitative research, uses as instruments the application of a questionnaire of closed questions and analysis of documents from the Environmental Management Systems of Organizations certified since more than two years. The results of the research achieved to demonstrate that, even though there are several points of potential improvement in the systems evaluated, the Organizations are able to improve its environmental performance over time and also reap economic benefits due to the operation of these systems. It was observed that the main focus of the systems implemented in the evaluated Organizations is more concentrated in the system itself than in looking for the effective environmental performance improvement, which is the core point of the objective of the implementation of a Environmental Management System, according to the standard ABNT NBR ISO 14001 (ABNT, 2004). Some of the actions taken by the Organizations already show alignment with the current trend of seeking for sustainability, which represents a positive potential for disseminating the importance of these systems as a tool to be used to meet the guidelines set forth in Agenda 21.