Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-05-10T21:33:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeSaraDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 5023683 bytes, checksum: 199510336231596684c2886c475de0ea (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-05-13T20:11:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeSaraDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 5023683 bytes, checksum: 199510336231596684c2886c475de0ea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-13T20:11:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeSaraDeMedeiros_DISSERT.pdf: 5023683 bytes, checksum: 199510336231596684c2886c475de0ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A linha de costa ? sem d?vida uma das fei??es mais din?micas do planeta. Sua posi??o no espa?o muda constantemente em v?rias escalas temporais. A posi??o da linha de costa ? afetada por um n?mero muito grande de fatores alguns de origem natural e intrinsecamente relacionados ? din?mica costeira (balan?o de sedimentos, varia??es do n?vel relativo do mar, dispers?o de sedimentos, etc), e outros relacionados a interven??es humanas na zona costeira. Portanto, com a pesquisa realizada, observaram-se alguns ind?cios de processos erosivos ao longo da praia de Ponta Negra.O local de estudo ? um dos grandes propulsores da economia da cidade, tanto na economia formal, quanto na informal, e se mostra a praia urbana mais procurada dos turistas e da popula??o local. O potencial c?nico da paisagem atraiu o investimento de grandes empreendimentos tur?sticos implementados sem estudos pr?vios, que considerassem a din?mica costeira presente, e a falta de infraestrutura de servi?os b?sicos (muitos esgotos clandestinos conectados as galerias de ?gua pluvial), ocasionaram consequ?ncias e impactos negativos ao ambiente. Pensando na car?ncia de estudos envolvendo esta tem?tica e a import?ncia da praia para a cidade, esta disserta??o teve por objetivo central caracterizar e compreender a morfodin?mica da praia de Ponta Negra, ou seja, perceber como ocorrem as transforma??es morfol?gicas da praia de acordo com a sazonalidade clim?tica e marinha durante o per?odo de maio de 2013 a abril de 2014 em tr?s pontos de monitoramento. Para isso, foram utilizados procedimentos t?cnicos envolvendo caracteriza??o ambiental (caracteriza??o dos dois compartimentos de relevo praial presentes - antepraia e estir?ncio), etapas de campo (levantamento topogr?fico, sedimentar e dados hidrodin?micos (Ponto 2) - altura de onda, per?odo de onda, velocidade da corrente de deriva litor?nea) e etapas de laborat?rio (granulometria, Teor de carbonato de C?lcio e Teor de mat?ria org?nica). Tamb?m foi calculado o par?metro de Dean e o volume de sedimento transportado pela corrente litor?nea no Ponto 02. Nos pontos de monitoramento o balan?o sedimentar se mostrou negativo apenas no ponto 03, e foi constatado que a infraestrutura urbana (cal?ad?o) est? ocupando a p?s-praia fazendo com que com a for?a mec?nica das ondas e com a presen?a de galerias pluviais com conex?es clandestinas de esgotos provoquem a eros?o e destrui??o do cal?ad?o na orla da praia. O ponto 02 foi classificada com estado dissipativo para todos os meses. Dessa maneira acredita-se que o referido estudo servir? como suporte para novas pesquisas em ?reas costeiras, uma vez que, os dados poder?o ser usados para pesquisas comparativas e tamb?m para interessados em um maior entendimento desta ?rea que tem grande import?ncia social, pol?tica e ambiental. / The coastline is undoubtedly one of the most dynamic features of the planet. Its position in space is constantly changing in various time scales. The shoreline position is affected by a very large number of factors, some of natural origin and intrinsically related to coastal dynamics (balance of sediments, the relative sea level variations, dispersion of sediments, etc), and other related human interventions in the coastal zone. So to the survey, there were some signs of erosion along the Ponta Negra beach. The study site is a major driver of the city's economy, both in the formal economy, and in informal, and it shows the most popular urban beach of tourists and the local population. The scenic landscape of potential attracted the investment of travel and public enterprises, which did not consider the coastal dynamics present, and with the lack of basic services infrastructure (many illegal sewage connected the rainwater galleries) have caused negative impacts and consequences to the environment . Thinking about the lack of studies involving this issue and the importance of the beach to the city, this work had the main objective to characterize and understand the morphodynamics of Ponta Negra beach, or see how the morphological transformations occur from the beach according to seasonality climate and Navy during the period from May 2013 to April 2014 in three monitoring points. For this, we used technical procedures involving field steps: environmental characterization (characterization of the two major compartments praial gifts-shoreface and estir?ncio), surveying and consolidate the three points, hydrodynamic data (section 02) wave height, period wave, speed of longshore current and laboratory steps (fineness of calcium carbonate content and organic matter content). We also calculated the Dean parameter and the volume of sediment carried by the coastal current in point 02. In the monitoring points, the Point 01 showed less erosivity and greater depositional predominance of sandy sediments, with the negative sediment budget just at the point 03, and it was found that the urban infrastructure (promenade) is taking up the post beach making with the mechanical force of the waves and the presence of storm sewers with underground sewerage connections cause erosion and destruction of the boardwalk on the beachfront. Section 02 was classified as dissipative state for each month. Thus it is believed that the study will serve as support for further research in coastal areas, since the data can be used for comparative studies and also interested in further understanding of this area is of great social, political and environmental.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-27T12:49:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DeboraVieiraBusman_TESE.pdf: 8348459 bytes, checksum: 79a87e26f6fc3566dac6cad831498d50 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-30T15:02:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DeboraVieiraBusman_TESE.pdf: 8348459 bytes, checksum: 79a87e26f6fc3566dac6cad831498d50 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-30T15:02:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DeboraVieiraBusman_TESE.pdf: 8348459 bytes, checksum: 79a87e26f6fc3566dac6cad831498d50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Impactos causados por mudan?as clim?ticas na zona costeira, como inunda??o, eros?o costeira, tempestades extremas e ondas de calor, t?m resultado em milhares de mortos, bilh?es de feridos e bilh?es de euros em perdas financeiras. O Brasil est? entre os dez pa?ses mais afetados por mudan?as clim?ticas e as regi?es norte e nordeste do pa?s sofrer?o os maiores impactos. Para estudar a vulnerabilidade social dos munic?pios costeiros de Macau e Guamar?/RN (NE do Brasil) e Salin?polis/PA (N do Brasil), sujeitos a diferentes din?micas ambientais e socioecon?micas, foram aplicados 4 m?todos de an?lise de Vulnerabilidade Social. Os ?ndices de vulnerabilidade social indicaram que os munic?pios estudados tiveram melhorias socioecon?micas nas ?ltimas d?cadas, mas ainda apresentam m?dia vulnerabilidade social. Guamar? foi, em geral, o munic?pio com maior vulnerabilidade social e Macau o menor. Portanto, o incremento econ?mico resultante do setor industrial em Macau e Guamar? n?o est? subsidiando melhorias sociais maiores que o setor de servi?os em Salin?polis. Este estudo tamb?m permitiu identificar com base estat?stica e matem?tica quais vari?veis devem constar em an?lises de vulnerabilidade f?sica do meio ambiente, al?m de facilitar o processo decis?rio por diminuir a subjetividade em an?lises de vulnerabilidade f?sica, tanto na escolha do m?todo quanto das vari?veis ambientais. O m?todo com resultado mais pessimista foi o Vulnerabilidade Ambiental Relativa ao Uso do Solo e ? Dist?ncia da Linha de Costa (VULC) para Macau e Guamar? e o Vulnerabilidade Ambiental Relativa (VR) para Salin?polis. Para todos os munic?pios, o m?todo com resultado mais otimista foi o Vulnerabilidade Ambiental ? Eros?o e Inunda??o Costeira (VEIC), que apresentou ?reas de hot spot ao aumento relativo do n?vel m?dio do mar. Os munic?pios costeiros de Macau e Guamar? apresentaram m?ltiplos conflitos de uso e ocupa??o do solo devido as principais atividades econ?micas consistirem nas ind?strias do petr?leo e g?s, carcinicultura, salinicultura e e?lica instaladas em setores de grande susceptibilidade ambiental a impactos decorrentes de mudan?as clim?ticas. Enquanto Salin?polis apresentou maior vulnerabilidade costeira relacionado ? m? gest?o de uso da sua orla, que em parte foi ocupada por casas de segundas-resid?ncias em local de forte din?mica erosiva, gerando onerosos gastos com obras de ?conten??o? ? eros?o. Em todos os munic?pios, as ?reas de maior risco e criticidade ? inunda??o foram a zona urbana, ?reas onde est?o situadas as atividades econ?micas principais e as ?reas de manguezal. Proje??es nestes munic?pios indicaram que centenas a milhares de pessoas estar?o sob risco de inunda??o at? 2100, gerando perdas ambientais e socioecon?micas na ordem de at? centenas de milh?es de d?lares. Estes resultados podem subsidiar o processo decis?rio para gestores ambientais e os m?todos testados s?o replic?veis tanto em munic?pios costeiros quanto interiores. / Climate change on the coastal zone causes impacts such as inundation, coastal erosion, storm surges and heatwaves and have resulted in millions of dead, billions of injured people and billions of dolars in economic losses. Brazil is among the top ten countries affected by climate change and the North and Northeast regions will suffer most of the impacts. In order to study the socioeconomic vulnerability of coastal counties of Macau and Guamar?/RN (NE of Brazil) and Salin?polis/PA (N of Brazil), which are exposed to different environmental and social-economics dynamics, were applied four indexes of Socioeconomic Vulnerability. Guamar? was the county with highest vulnerability in the first three methods and Salin?polis was the most vulnerable in the fourth method. Therefore, the economic profit obtained with industries installed in Macau and Guamar? is not generating greater social development, then the services sector of Salin?polis. This research also identified which variables would be used in physical vulnerability index, and reduced the subjectivity in the choice of them. The coastal counties of Macau and Guamar? feature multiple conflicts of land use/land cover since the main economic activities consist in the oil and gas industries, salt and shrimp farming, and wind power installed in segments of great environmental susceptibility to climate change impacts. Salin?polis had greater coastal vulnerability because haven?t sustainable shoreline management policies, and the shoreline is partially occupied by houses where the coastal dynamics are strong, resulting in constantly spent on coastal protection. The areas under greatest risk and criticality to flooding were the urban areas, where are the main economic activities, and mangrove areas. Projections indicated that in these counties hundreds to thousands of people will be at flooding risk until 2100, resulting in environmental and socio-economic losses at hundreds or even millions of dollars. These results may support the decision-making process for environmental managers and tested methods are replicable in both coastal as inner couties.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-03T13:49:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CeciliaAlvesDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 6009195 bytes, checksum: 8fb3b568732f80c4209f23b7f0b0b4ec (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-07T14:50:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CeciliaAlvesDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 6009195 bytes, checksum: 8fb3b568732f80c4209f23b7f0b0b4ec (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-07T14:50:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CeciliaAlvesDeOliveira_DISSERT.pdf: 6009195 bytes, checksum: 8fb3b568732f80c4209f23b7f0b0b4ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-23 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / A morfologia das regi?es costeiras est? em constante mudan?a, devido a intera??o de processos naturais e antr?picos. Por vezes, as a??es destes processos na linha de costa podem causar problemas de eros?o, provocando impactos ambientais e preju?zos socioecon?micos. Para que se possa agir de maneira preventiva ? necess?rio um conhecimento aprofundado dos fatores naturais e antr?picos que agem na din?mica costeira. O objetivo deste estudo ? o mapeamento geol?gico do substrato plataformal adjacente a praias de Ponta Negra em Natal-RN, em uma ?rea sob intensa eros?o costeira. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na coleta de amostras superficiais de sedimento da plataforma continental, analisadas quanto a granulometria, composi??o, presen?a de mat?ria org?nica e teor de carbonato de c?lcio. Posteriormente integrados a dados geof?sicos, (batimetria mono e multifeixe e sonografia), hidrodin?micos (ondas, correntes e mar?s) pr?-existentes. Os resultados obtidos at? o presente momento indicam que a granulometria dos sedimentos que comp?em o substrato da plataforma em estudo aumenta com a profundidade, apresentam predom?nio da fra??o areia grossa (43%) seguida por areia m?dia (34%). A presen?a de carbonato de c?lcio ? marcante ao longo de toda a ?rea, e tamb?m aumenta com a profundidade. Os sedimentos silicicl?sticos s?o encontrados pr?ximo a linha de costa, enquanto que os sedimentos biocl?sticos ocorrem predominantemente ap?s a is?bata de 10 m. A plataforma apresenta caracter?sticas de uma plataforma ?faminta?, podendo ser observada pela exposi??o de afloramentos da Forma??o Barreiras na plataforma e na base do Morro do Careca. Essas informa??es devem ser levadas em considera??o para a elabora??o das medidas de recupera??o da ?rea, que vem enfrentando graves problemas com a eros?o. / The morphology of coastal areas is constantly changing due to interaction of natural and anthropogenic processes. Sometimes the actions of these processes on the coastline can cause erosional problems, causing environmental impacts and socio-economic losses. In order to act preventively requires a thorough understanding of natural and anthropogenic factors that act in coastal dynamics. The aim of this study is the geological mapping of marine substrate adjacent the beaches of Ponta Negra, Natal, Brazil, in an area under intense coastal erosion. The methodology consisted of the collection of surface sediment samples of the continental shelf, analyzed for particle size, composition, presence of organic matter and carbonate. Later integrated with pre-existing data such as geophysical (single and multbeam bathymetry, sonography) and hydrodynamic (waves, currents, tides) data. The results indicate that the grain size of the sediments that make up the substrate presented mainly coarse sand (43%), followed by medium sand (34%). The presence of carbonate is marked throughout the area, and increases with depth. The siliciclastic sediments founds near the shoreline, while bioclastic sediments occur predominantly after the isobath of 10m. Barreiras Formation outcrops on the shelf attests the sediment starvation, which used to amplify by human action. This information should be taken into account in the preparation of the recovery measures the area, which is facing serious problems with erosion.

Submitted by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-08-29T21:47:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Le?o Xavier da Costa Neto_TESE.pdf: 17237342 bytes, checksum: 34347f57336cb2d8b2728d4e7e54da2f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-08-29T21:49:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Le?o Xavier da Costa Neto_TESE.pdf: 17237342 bytes, checksum: 34347f57336cb2d8b2728d4e7e54da2f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-29T21:49:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Le?o Xavier da Costa Neto_TESE.pdf: 17237342 bytes, checksum: 34347f57336cb2d8b2728d4e7e54da2f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o comportamento das caracter?sticas f?sicoambientais do sistema Pisa Sal, especificamente, a configura??o batim?trica, a caracteriza??o faciol?gica e a morfologia de fundo; o padr?o de circula??o das correntes de mar?s e das propriedades termohalinas; as zonas de eros?o e sedimenta??o, o volume de material erodido e suas rela??es com a hidrodin?mica; o transporte de sedimentos, a idade dos sedimentos e a taxa de sedimenta??o. Para isso, foram realizados levantamentos, meteorol?gico, batim?trico, sonogr?fico, oceanogr?fico (correntes e propriedades termohalinas), topogr?fico, amostragem de sedimentos de fundo e suspens?o e data??o por 14C e 210Pb. O sistema Pisa Sal faz parte do complexo estuarino lagunar Galinhos-Guamar?, localizado no litoral setentrional do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, no munic?pio de Galinhos-RN, uma regi?o sob influ?ncia da ind?stria salineira, carcinicultura e ind?stria petrol?fera. As informa??es meteorol?gicas definem para regi?o um clima seco com temperatura elevada, precipita??o baixa e ventos fortes e constantes que influenciam sobremaneira nas altera??es ambientais do sistema. O sistema Pisa Sal apresenta pequenas dimens?es (extens?o de 8,0 km, largura m?dia de 150 m e profundidade m?xima de - 4,23 m), perfil longitudinal regular, perfil transversal em ?V? (montante) e em ?U? (jusante), gradiente horizontal e diferentes formas de leito (fundo plano, marcas de ondas, dunas subaqu?ticas 2D e 3D, superposi??o de formas e rochoso). As f?cies sedimentares s?o representadas por sedimentos arenosos e lamosos de composi??o silic?tica, com varia??o na quantidade de gr?nulo e cascalho biodetr?ticos. Texturalmente, os sedimentos variam de areia muito grossa a silte. As correntes de mar?s variam de sim?trica a fracamente assim?tricas, com maiores velocidades durante as vazantes de siz?gia no per?odo de inverno, com dire??es que refletem a orienta??o dos canais. Os canais artificiais de despesca/drenagem (CDs) apresentam o mesmo comportamento do canal Pisa Sal, por?m com menor intensidade. As propriedades termohalinas classificam o sistema Pisa Sal como um canal de mar? com caracter?sticas hipersalinas, comportamento de um estu?rio inverso (negativo), verticalmente bem misturado, for?ado, predominantemente, pela mar?, no qual o processo de difus?o turbulenta da mar? ? respons?vel pelo transporte de sal canal acima e que provoca a redu??o da salinidade ao longo do ano. A eros?o no canal Pisa Sal e nos CDs est?o associadas ? margem c?ncava dos meandros causadas por fen?menos oceanogr?ficos, clim?ticos e antr?picos, entre os quais destacam-se: as mar?s, as correntes de mar?s, a chuva, o escoamento superficial, o vento, as ondula??es,a escava??o de canais, a infiltra??o, a composi??o e a manuten??o de taludes. O transporte de sedimentos de fundo e suspens?o ? controlado pela varia??o da velocidade das correntes de mar?s. O transporte ? mais eficiente durante as mar?s de siz?gia e nos ciclos de vazante, causando exporta??o de sedimentos. A idade dos sedimentos do canal Pisa Sal ? de 1562 ? 22 cal AP e do canal Volta do Sert?o ? 332- 432 ? 25 anos cal AP. A taxa de sedimenta??o nesses dois canais varia de 0,47 e 0,50 cm/ano, respectivamente. As atividades econ?micas da ind?stria salineira, da carcinicultura e da ind?stria petrol?fera associadas aos fen?menos naturais (temperatura do ar e n?vel de evapora??o alto, ?ndice de precipita??o baixo, regime de mesomar?, velocidade alta das correntes de mar?s e a??o dos ventos) s?o respons?veis pelas altera??es ambientais que ocorrem no sistema Pisa Sal. / The present work has as objective to study the behavior of physical-environmental characteristics of the Pisa Sal system, particularly the bathymetry, the facies characterization and the bottom morphology; the pattern of tidal currents circulation and of the termohalinas properties; the erosion and sedimentation zones, the bulk erosion and your relationships with the hydrodynamic; the sediments transport, the sediments age and sedimentation rate. The integrated data set used includes meteorological, bathymetric, sonographic, oceanographic (currents and termohalinas properties), topographic and sedimentological data, as well 14C and 210Pb datation. The Pisa Sal system is part of the Galinhos-Guamar? lagoon-estuarine complex, located in Galinhos, northern coast of the Rio Grande do Norte state. It is an area under influence of salt industry, shrimp farming and oil industry. The meteorological data classifies the area climate as dry, with high temperature, low precipitation and strong and constant winds, responsible for important environmental alterations in the system. The Pisa Sal system presents small dimensions (extension of 8,0 km, medium width of 150 m and maximum depth of -4,23 m), longitudinal profile to regulate, traverse profile in " V " (head) and in " U " (mouth), horizontal gradient, and different bedforms (e.g. ripples marks, 2D and 3D sub-aquatic dunes, flat, rocky). The sedimentary facies are represented by siliciclastic sandy and muddy sediments, with amount variation of biodetritic granule and gravel. The sediments texture varies from very coarse sand to silt. The tidal currents changes from weakly asymmetric to symmetrical, with higher speeds during the ebb-spring tide in the winter period, and directions reflecting the channels orientation. The drainage artificial channels (CDs) present the same behavior of the Pisa Sal channel, however with smaller intensity. The thermohaline properties classify the system as a tidal channel with hyper-saline characteristics, behavior of an inverse estuary (negative estuary), vertically very mixed, tidal forced, where the turbulent diffusion process is responsible for the salt transport and by the salinity reduction over the year. The Pisa Sal channel and CDs erosion are associated to the concave margin of the meandring channel caused by oceanographical, climatic and anthropic phenomena, which stand out: tides, tidal currents, rain, superficial drainage, winds, small waves, channels excavation, infiltration, composition and slope maintenance. The transport of bottom sediments and suspension is controlled by the speed variation of tidal currents. It is more efficient during the spring tides and in the ebb cycles, causing sediments exports. The age of the sediments of the Pisa Sal channel is 1562 ? 22 cal years AP and of the Volta do Sert?o channel is 332-432 ? 25 cal years AP. The calculated sedimentation rates in these two channels was 0,47 and 0,50 cm/year, respectively. The economical activities of the salt industry, shrimp farming and oil industry associated to the natural phenomena (temperature of the air and high evaporation level, low precipitation index, mesotidal conditions, high speed of the tidal currents and winds) are responsible for the environmental alterations in the Pisa Sal system.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-03T20:42:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseEdsonDeAlmeidaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 6070806 bytes, checksum: b15852e13e5be71af8ab041cf03063b8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-17T00:14:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseEdsonDeAlmeidaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 6070806 bytes, checksum: b15852e13e5be71af8ab041cf03063b8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-17T00:14:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseEdsonDeAlmeidaJunior_DISSERT.pdf: 6070806 bytes, checksum: b15852e13e5be71af8ab041cf03063b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a avalia??o multitemporal de curto prazo da retra??o numa fal?sia da Forma??o Barreiras, na ?rea do Centro de Lan?amento Barreira do Inferno (CLBI), localizada no litoral oriental do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Os estudos foram conduzidos entre agosto de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017, com a utiliza??o do Laser Esc?ner Terrestre (LT), aparelho que utiliza o pulso laser para fazer o mapeamento da fal?sia. A primeira etapa do estudo usou os dados da nuvem de pontos levantada em 21 de agosto de 2016, para a constru??o de 10 Modelos Digitais do Terreno (MDT) em quatro diferentes softwares, para a sele??o do m?todo interpolador que melhor representa a superf?cie estudada. A segunda etapa consistiu na caracteriza??o da fal?sia quanto ao seu principal indutor erosivo, atrav?s da utiliza??o de 30 perfis transversais a face da fal?sia obtidos a partir dos MDTs, gerados na etapa anterior, resultando numa subdivis?o da fal?sia em 5 setores de acordo com esta caracteriza??o. As avalia??es e quantifica??o da eros?o total e da taxa de retra??o foram conduzidas a partir da compara??o entre os MDTs e perfis transversais gerados em cada um dos levantamentos. Os resultados mostraram que a fal?sia apresentou uma retra??o de aproximadamente 6 cm com uma eros?o total de 333 m? no per?odo de estudo. O resultado tamb?m mostrou a import?ncia de se avaliar a confiabilidade da nuvem de pontos com rela??o a presen?a de vazios, ocasionados por sombreamentos durante os levantamentos, que podem ser fontes de erros significativos. O estudo desta fal?sia se faz importante por ser o primeiro a utilizar o LT neste tipo de forma??o, como tamb?m por representar uma nova ferramenta para o entendimento da din?mica costeira. / This research aims a short-term multi-temporal evaluation of the seacliff retreat of the Barreiras Formation, in the Barreira do Inferno Launch Center (CLBI, in Portuguese) located in the eastern coast of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. The studies were conducted between August 2016 and February 2017 through a Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), which is equipment that utilizes a pulsed laser to map seacliffs face. The first phase of the study used the point cloud generated on August 21, 2016, for the construction of 10 Digital Elevation Model (DEM) via four different softwares for selecting the interpolation method that best represents the studied surface. The second phase was the description of the seacliff according to its main erosive cause through 30 transversal seacliff face profiles obtained through the DEM generated in the previous phase. It led to a subdivision of the seacliff in 5 segments according to its description. The evaluation and quantification of the net erosion and the retreat rate were conducted through comparing the DEMs with the transversal profiles generated. The results expressed that the seacliff had a retreat of approximately 6 centimeters with a net erosion of 333 m? during the study period. It was also observed the importance of evaluating the reliability of the point cloud because of the presence of blanks due to the shading during the data collection, which may cause significant errors. The evaluation of this seacliff was relevant not only because it was the first to be done through TLS in this type of formation, but also because it represents a new way for understanding the coast dynamic.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-03T20:42:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoCarlosCarvalho_DISSERT.pdf: 8876654 bytes, checksum: 873ee57ce197f3616f10db3df1745024 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-17T00:25:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoCarlosCarvalho_DISSERT.pdf: 8876654 bytes, checksum: 873ee57ce197f3616f10db3df1745024 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-17T00:25:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoCarlosCarvalho_DISSERT.pdf: 8876654 bytes, checksum: 873ee57ce197f3616f10db3df1745024 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-29 / A produ??o de informa??es do meio f?sico sobre determinada regi?o tem papel relevante para o aproveitamento racional do solo, podendo auxiliar na preserva??o do ecossistema, no desenvolvimento de obras mais eficazes e na prote??o contra a perda de solo. No litoral oriental do Rio Grande do Norte e inserido na Regi?o Metropolitana de Natal, localiza-se o Centro de Lan?amento da Barreira do Inferno, unidade institucionalmente protegida pela For?a A?rea Brasileira. A fim de proporcionar diretrizes de planejamento, este trabalho avaliou e mapeou os elementos geoambientais ligados aos processos erosivos h?dricos, permitindo a an?lise de suscetibilidade dos solos ? eros?o laminar na ?rea militar. Foram utilizadas t?cnicas de Geoprocessamento, em ambiente de Sistema de Informa??es Geogr?ficas (SIG) na an?lise qualitativa de mapas por t?cnica multicrit?rio aditiva. Foram realizadas visitas de campo, an?lises de imagens orbitais e avalia??o de dados climatol?gicos. Com a compara??o dos diversos produtos cartogr?ficos gerados atrav?s de ?lgebra de mapas, foi poss?vel avaliar o potencial erosivo da ?rea. Foi observado que em decorr?ncia da aus?ncia de a??es antr?picas predat?rias, recai sobre os atributos do meio f?sico as maiores relev?ncias para a an?lise da eros?o. Vistorias locais identificaram processos de ravinamento na ?rea das fal?sias e a t?cnica adotada mostrou-se adequada e eficiente para a representa??o espacial do potencial erosivo. / The production of information about the physical environment in a given region has a relevant role for the rational use of the soil, which can help to preserve the ecosystem, to develop more efficient works and to protect against soil loss. On the eastern coast of Rio Grande do Norte and located in the Metropolitan Region of Natal, is located the Launch Center of the Barreira do Inferno, an unit institutionally protected by the Brazilian Air Force. In order to provide planning guidelines, this work evaluated and mapped the geoenvironmental elements related to the water erosion process, allowing the analysis of soil susceptibility to laminar erosion in the military area. Geoprocessing techniques were used in a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment in the qualitative analysis of maps by additive multicriteria technique. Field visits, orbital image analysis and climatologic data evaluation were carried out. With the comparison of the different cartographic products generated through map algebra, it was possible to evaluate the erosive potential of the area. It was observed that due to the absence of predatory anthropic actions, the attributes of the physical environment have the greatest relevance for erosion analysis. Local surveys identified ravine processes in the area of the sea cliffs and the technique adopted proved to be adequate and efficient for the spatial representation of the erosive potential.

Os genes relógio são responsáveis pelo ritmo circadiano e homeostase de diversos sistemas biológicos, incluindo o pâncreas endócrino. Nas células β são de grande importância para a regulação do metabolismo e da secreção de insulina (SI), e sua ausência pode levar ao desenvolvimento do diabetes. A NADPH oxidase (NOX) é um complexo enzimático responsável pela produção do ânion superóxido através da redução do oxigênio molecular. Em ilhotas pancreáticas, a NOX participa da regulação do metabolismo da glicose e da SI, através da modulação do estado redox intracelular. O objetivo do nosso estudo foi verificar se a desregulação dos genes relógio mediada pela ausência de Bmal1 seria capaz de modular a NOX e o estado redox nas células β pancreáticas, influenciando assim a SI. Observamos que a ausência de Bmal1 alterou a atividade e expressão da NOX, desregulando o estado redox intracelular. Essas alterações levaram à redução da viabilidade celular e mudanças na resposta à estimulação com glicose, resultando em uma deficiência na principal função da célula β a SI. / Clock genes are responsible for homeostasis and circadian rhythm in various biological systems, including endocrine pancreas. In β -cells, they are important for the regulation of metabolism and insulin secretion (IS), and its absence can lead to development of diabetes. NADPH oxidase (NOX) is an enzymatic complex responsible for production of superoxide anion by reducing molecular oxygen. In pancreatic islets, NOX regulates glucose metabolism and IS through modulation of the intracellular redox state. The aim of our study was to investigate whether dysregulation of clock genes mediated by Bmal1 suppression would be able to modulate NOX activity and redox state in pancreatic β cells, thus influencing the SI. In this work, the lack of Bmal1 altered the activity and expression of NOX, deregulating the intracellular redox state. These changes led to reduced cell viability and changes in cell response after stimulation with glucose, resulting in a deficiency in β cell main function, GSIS.

A luz solar apresenta ondas eletromagnéticas em ampla faixa espectral, incluindo as regiões do ultravioleta (UV-C, UV-B, UV-A), visível e infravermelho. Cada região interage com a pele de forma dependente da fotofísica e da fotoquímica dos seus respectivos compostos absorvedores. A luz UV-A causa a geração de espécies reativas de oxigênio e de nitrogênio (EROs e ERNs) através da fotossensibilização de moléculas endógenas (co-enzimas de flavina, porfirinas, melaninas). Quando fotossensibilizadores produzem quantidades de EROs e ERNs maiores do que a capacidade celular de supressão destas espécies, caracteriza-se um quadro de desbalanço redox, que causa lesão em biomoléculas como os ácidos nucleicos, lipídeos e as proteínas. Essas lesões podem levar à morte celular ou a outras transformações fenotípicas e genotípicas e também estimulam a liberação de citocinas pró-inflamatórias. Com a finalidade de melhor compreender a dinâmica dos mecanismos de resposta celular após exposição ao UV-A e ao visível, nós caracterizamos inicialmente as propriedades fotofísicas da melanina e detectamos a produção de oxigênio singlete (1O2) pela fotossensibilização no visível e a supressão desta espécie excitada pela reação do oxigênio singlete com a dupla ligação reativa dos grupos indóis presentes na melanina. Estes processos também foram observados no cabelo e levaram-nos a propor um modelo que explica o efeito da luz visível na estrutura e cor dos cabelos. Demonstramos também que a feomelanina produz mais (30%) 1O2 do que a eumelanina, que sofre maior modificação na sua estrutura por fotodegradação. O efeito destes processos na pele foi estudado a nível celular. Demonstramos que células epiteliais com maior teor de melanina apresentaram maior geração de 1O2 que causa lesão no DNA e morte necro-apoptótica após irradiação com luz visível. A foto-oxidação da melanina pela luz visível nos motivou a estudar um pigmento que fosse foto-protetor não somente contra luz UV-B mas também contra luz visível. A pigmentação com Acetil-Tirosina se mostrou atóxica e protetora contra luz UV-B e visível ao contrário do pigmento com tirosina, que se mostrou protetor do UV-B mas tóxico no visível. Este efeito foi relacionado com a localização celular do polímero e não com a estrutura do mesmo. A luz UV-A, por sua vez, promove o acúmulo de lipofuscina dentro dos vacúolos autofágicos de queratinócitos da pele e que também ativa a fototoxicidade pela luz visível. A lipofuscina dentro dos vacúolos autofágicos é foto-oxidada pela luz visível, causando lesão no DNA e morte celular programada tipo II. Doses UV-A que desencadeiam a liberação de citocinas também foram caracterizados. / Sunlight presents electromagnetic radiation over a wide spectral range, including the regions of ultraviolet (UV-C, UV-B, UV-A), visible and infrared. Each region interacts with skin dependending on the photophysics and photochemistry of the respective absorbing compounds. UV-A light causes the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) by photosensitization of endogenous molecules (flavin coenzymes, porphyrins, melanins). When photosensitizers produce amounts of ROS and RNS larger than the cell capacity to suppress these species, a set of redox imbalance, which damages biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids and proteins. This damage cause cell death and to other phenotypic and genotypic changes and also stimulates the release of proinflammatory cytokines. In order to better understand the dynamics of the mechanisms of cellular responses after exposure to UV-A and visible light, we initially characterized the photophysical properties of melanin and detected the production of singlet oxygen (1O2) by photosensitization in the visible, as well as the suppression of these excited species by reaction of singlet oxygen with the double bonds of the reactive groups presented in the melanin indols. These processes were also observed in hair and led us to propose a model that explains the effects of visible light on the structure and color of hair. We also demonstrated that pheomelanin produces more (30%) 1O2 than eumelanin, which undergoes a quick change on its structure by photodegradation. The effect of these processes in the skin was studied at the cellular level. We demonstrated that epithelial cells with larger melanin content have stronger generation of 1O2, which causes DNA damage and necro-apoptotic death after irradiation with visible light. The photo-oxidation of melanin by visible light has motivated us to study a pigment that was not only able to protect against UV-B but also against visible. Pigmentation with Acetyl-Tyrosine proved nontoxic and protective against UV-B and visible light instead of pigmentation with Tyrosine, which shielded against UV-B but showed toxicity in the visible. This effect was associated with the polymer, cell location and not with its structure. UV-A light, in turn, promotes the accumulation of lipofuscin, within autophagic vacuoles of keratinocytes also enabling phototoxicity in the visible light. The lipofuscin within the autophagic vacuoles is fotooxidized by visible light, causing DNA damage and programmed cell death type II. Linear dose of UV-A that trigger the release of cytokines were also characterized.

By framing his deconstruction of Plato’s Phaedrus and Timaeus as a response to Platonism, Jacques Derrida overlooks the possibility of a Platonic philosophy beyond dogma and doctrine. This thesis argues that Derrida’s deconstructions target a particularly Platonist abstraction of the dialogues, and thus, his critique relies on the underlying assumption that Plato defends the metaphysics of presence. Derrida attempts to show how the thesis that Being is presence undermines itself in both dialogues through hints of différance like pharmakon and khôra. To answer the Derridean critique, I analyze the hermeneutics of Derrida’s deconstruction of Plato and identify what in the dialogues lies beyond the limits Derrida’s reading, for example Derrida’s notable exclusion of ἔρως.

This dissertation exposes the status of eros in the works of Levinas, Irigaray, and, Nancy. I begin by evaluating Levinas’s phenomenological analyses of eros in Time and the Other and Totality and Infinity. In order to fully appreciate this, however, I must necessarily also provide a summary overview of the central theme which guides Levinas’s work: ‘the Other.’ This leads Levinas to develop ethics as first philosophy, which in turn implies that the reduction of the Other to the same is the unethical gesture par excellence. Levinas formulates eros as the ‘equivocal par excellence’; a profane relation with the radical alterity of the feminine. Eros, for Levinas, inevitably lapses back to the economy of the same, and hence he looks to paternal fecundity to understand a relation with alterity untainted by erotic sensuality. Moreover, I identify the themes in Levinas’s work which guide this dissertation: the plurality of being, the tactility of erotic caressing, transcendence in eros, sexual difference, the affair between love and death, revisiting Plato’s Symposium, and, the erotic relationship with alterity. Having exposed these themes, and pre-empting a feminist critique of Levinas, I move on to the work of Luce Irigaray. After contextualising Irigaray’s feminist project, I expose and evaluate her critical reading of Levinas, particularly in her essay “The Fecundity of the Caress.” For Irigaray, Levinas mistakenly assumes a universal masculine subject, which in turn denies the feminine (and thus empirical women) a chance to be subjects. The fact that Levinas considers eros profane suggests, for Irigaray, that Levinas’s phenomenology of eros is haunted by a patriarchal bias evinced in the way he turns to paternity to salvage eros from a damnable carnality. Irigaray, in contrast, asserts eros as a relationship between the two real poles of sexual alterity. Eros thus holds potential as a just relation between the sexes. However, I find that Irigaray’s insistence on the biological markers of sexual difference becomes somewhat too idealistic. When compared with one another, Irigaray and Levinas arrive at an impasse which is solved by turning to the work of Jean-Luc Nancy. Nancy insists that love (including eros) cannot be thought as anything but an indefinite multiplicity. Nancy’s thought on love reflects his formulation of ‘being-singular-plural,’ an ontology which asserts ‘being-with’ is axiomatic in all philosophical investigations. In Shattered Love, Nancy deconstructs dialectics in order to show that love does not operate in a dialectical fashion. Both Levinas’s and Irigaray’s accounts of eros are exposed as dialectical. Nancy, in contrast, formulates love and sex/gender as the exposure of a subject to the relation with the other. Moreover, by examining Nancy’s thought on the body, eros can be derived as subtending all relations between sexed bodies. Thus Nancy figures eros as neither ideal nor profane, nor does he restrict eros to an ideal relation between the masculine and the feminine. However, Nancy’s opaque philosophy is not without fault. Although Nancy offers an interesting way in which to think eros, certain avenues of thought remain unexplored. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Philosophy / unrestricted