Submitted by (lucia.rodrigues@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-08T12:21:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel de Castro Burgos.pdf: 962079 bytes, checksum: 7910c72572139941c836e667e046d328 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-08T12:21:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel de Castro Burgos.pdf: 962079 bytes, checksum: 7910c72572139941c836e667e046d328 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this experiment was to compare the results of the pregnancy obtained by the association of conventional Artificial Insemination (AI) with synchronized estrus together with GnRH in TAI with those of classical TAI in zebu cows. A total of 677 cows were synchronized with a progesterone vaginal device (P4) and 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) on D1, D7 all cows received 530 μg of PGF2α and D9 implants were removed and all animals received 400 IU of eCG and were evaluated in three experiments divided as follows. In first experiment, 190 cows, without temporarily calf weaning and after removal of devices were divided into three groups: control group called EC received 0.4 mg of estradiol cypionate (EC) and TAI were inseminated 48 hours after removal of devices. The second and third groups did not receive ovulation inductor in removal of devices and were named ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS and ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS. These cows were observed for onset of estrus four times (12, 24, 36 and 48 hours) and those that showed estrus during this period were inseminated by the AM / PM method where estrus in the morning AI late afternoon and estrus in the afternoon with AI on the morning of next day; cows who have not appearing in estrus during this period of 48 hours after devices were removed, received 25 μg of GnRH and were inseminated immediately in the group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS and 6 hours after application of GnRH cows from ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS were inseminated. In the 2nd experiment 242 cows were subjected to similar protocol, but was held temporarily weaned calves after removal of the implants. At the 3rd experiment 245 cows were subjected to two experimental protocols but using P4 devices previously used. Cows were examined by 5 MHz transrectal ultrasonography 45 days after insemination to detect pregnancy in experiments 1 and 2 and 35 days in experiment 3. In experiment 1, cows received the following pregnancy rates: group EC 58.18%, group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS 56.21% and group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS 61.97%. In experiment 2 pregnancy rates were: group EC 57.83%, group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS 57.50% and group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS 53.16%. In experiment 3 pregnancy rates were: group EC 57.14%, group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 48 HOURS 56.10% and group ESTRUS PLUS GnRH 54 HOURS 54.43%. No significant difference were seen (p > 0,05) between the groups. In spite of the protocols showing equivalent results, its costs and labor hamper its use, and the use of classic TAI is simpler and more economically viable. / O objetivo deste experimento foi comparar os resultados de prenhez da associação de Inseminação Artificial (IA) convencional com estro sincronizado acompanhado de IATF utilizando GnRH com os da IATF clássica em vacas azebuadas. Um total de 677 vacas foram sincronizadas com dispositivo de progesterona (P4) e 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol (BE) no D1, no D7 todas receberam 530 μg de PGF2α e no D9 foram retirados os implantes e todos os animais receberam 400 UI de eCG e foram avaliadas em três experimentos divididos da seguinte forma. No 1º experimento 190 vacas, conduzidas sem apartação temporária dos bezerros após a retirada dos dispositivos, foram divididas em três grupos: O grupo controle chamado de CE recebeu 0,4 mg de cipionato de estradiol (CE) e foram inseminadas na IATF 48 horas após a retirada dos dispositivos. O segundo e o terceiro grupos não receberam indutor de ovulação na retirada dos dispositivos e foram chamados de estro mais GnRH 48 horas e estro mais GnRH 54 horas. Essas vacas foram observadas para apresentação de estro por quatro vezes (12, 24, 36 e 48 horas) e as que apresentaram estro neste período foram inseminadas pelo método AM/PM com estro pela manhã inseminação a tarde e estro pela tarde com inseminação na manhã do dia seguinte; as vacas que não apresentaram estro neste período receberam 48 horas após a retirada dos dispositivos, aplicação de 25 μg de GnRH e foram inseminadas imediatamente no grupo estro mais GnRH 48 horas e após 6 horas da aplicação do GnRH foram inseminadas as vacas do lote estro mais GnRH 54 horas. No 2º experimento 242 vacas foram submetidas a protocolo semelhante, porém realizou-se o desmame temporário dos bezerros após a retirada dos implantes. No 3º experimento 245 vacas foram submetidas ao protocolo do experimento 2 porém utilizando dispositivos de P4 anteriormente utilizados. As vacas foram examinadas por ultrasonografia transretal de 5 MHz em 45 dias após as inseminações para detecção de prenhez nos experimentos 1 e 2 e 35 dias no experimento 3. No experimento 1 as vacas obtiveram as seguintes taxas de prenhez: grupo CE 58,18%; grupo estro mais GnRH 48 horas 56,21% e grupo estro mais GnRH 54 horas 61,97%. No experimento 2 os números de gestação foram: grupo CE 57,83%; grupo estro mais GnRH 48 horas 57,50% e grupo estro mais GnRH 54 horas 53,16%. No experimento 3 os números de gestação foram: grupo CE 57,14%; grupo estro mais GnRH 48 horas 56,10% e grupo estro mais GnRH 54 horas 54,43%. Não houve diferença significativa (p > 0,05) entre os grupos. Apesar dos protocolos se mostrarem equivalentes nos resultados, o aumento do custo e da mão-de-obra dificultam sua utilização, sendo a IATF clássica mais simples e economicamente viável.

Compararam-se as taxas de prenhez (TP) em vacas Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) utilizando implantes de norgestomet novos ou reutilizados associados ao valerato de estradiol (VE) e benzoato de estradiol (BE). Duzentos e quarenta e uma vacas Nelore amamentando foram separadas em dois grupos, e receberam implante auricular contendo 3 mg de norgestomet (n=122) ou implante de norgestomet (n=119) que já havia sido previamente utilizado por 10 dias. Os animais que receberam implante novo ou reutilizado, foram sub-divididos, e um lote recebeu uma injeção (IM) de 3 mg de norgestomet associados a 5 mg de valerato de estradiol e o outro, uma injeção (IM) de 50 mg de progesterona associados a 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol. No momento da retirada do implante todos os animais receberam 1 aplicação de análogo de PGF2α (IM) para assegurar a luteólise e 24 h após uma injeção de 1,0 mg de BE (IM). A inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) ocorreu 54-56 h após a retirada do implante. Não houve interação entre tipo de implante e tipo de éster de estradiol para TP IATF nem TP Final. As TP IATF não diferiram entre animais que receberam implante novo ou reutilizado (48,3 vs 48,7%) nem entre os que receberam VE ou BE (49,5 vs 47,5%). O mesmo ocorreu para TP Final segundo tipo de implante, novo ou reutilizado (85,2 vs 86,5%) e segundo tipo de éster de estradiol, VE ou BE (86,5 vs 85,2%). Conclui-se que vacas Nelore amamentando podem apresentar adequadas TP IATF e TP Final quando tratadas por implantes de norgestomet novos ou reutilizados associados indistintamente ao valerato ou benzoato de estradiol. / Pregnacy rates (PR) were compared in Nelore cows (Bos taurus indicus) using new or used norgestomet implants associated to estradiol valerate (EV) and estradiol benzoate (EB). Two hundred forty one Nelore cows were synchronized and divided in two groups, they received auricular implants with 3 mg of norgestomet (n=122) or used norgestomet implants (n=119) previously used for 10 days. The animals that received new or used implants were sub-divided and received an administration (im) of 3 mg of norgestomet plus 5 mg of EV and another group received an administration of 50 mg of progesterone plus 2 mg of EB. When the implant was removed a dose of PGF2α analogous was given for all animals to assure luteolysis and 24 h later they received (im) of 1,0 mg of EB. The fixed-timed artificial insemination (AIFT) occurred 54-56 h after implant withdrawal. There was no difference between the two implants as well as no diffrence to EV or EB, neither PR AITF nor PR Finish. The PR AIFT did not differ among animals that received that received new or used implants (48,3 vs 48,7%) neither EV nor EB (49,5 vs 47,5%). The same happened to PR Finish either new or used (85,2 vs 86,5%) when EV or EB (86,5 vs 85,2%) were used. In this present study, it was concluded that Nelore suckling cows can show a regulated PR AIFT and PR Finish after treatments with new or used norgestomet implants associated to EV or EB.

Orientador: Wilter Ricardo Russiano Vicente / Resumo: RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um recurso videocirúrgico para inseminação artificial (IA) transcervical em ovinos. Foram utilizadas 30 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês com idades entre 2 a 5 anos todas pluríparas, divididas em três grupos experimentais: 1) IA por técnica convencional com tração cervical (GC); 2) IA por vídeo-vaginoscopia com insuflação (GVS) e; 3) IA videoassistida com fixação cervical (GVF). Durante o procedimento foi registrado o tipo do óstio cervical, número de anéis transpassados, local de deposição do sêmen no trato reprodutivo, tempo de manipulação cervical, taxa de passagem e fibrinogênio plasmáticos como marcador de reação inflamatória entre as técnicas. O diagnóstico gestacional foi realizado 21 dias após a inseminação artificial. Todos os dados foram submetidos a teste de normalidade seguido de um pós-teste, utilizando o programa estatístico R versão 3.2.5. Para o GVF a técnica não permitiu a entrada ao interior do útero com o aparelho, devido a ausência de expansão cervical associado à presença de muco no canal cervical, dificultaram a visualização. A insuflação da cavidade vaginal do GVS possibilitou a visualização da entrada do óstio cervical com facilidade, com a deposição do sêmen no interior do útero sem a fixação cervical em 10% dos animais (1/10). O número de anéis transpassados diferiu de acordo com o grupo experimental. Para o tempo de procedimento o GVF apresentou maior tempo de manipulação, quando comparado com os demais g... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Submitted by AUGUSTO RYONOSUKE TAIRA null (augusto.vete@gmail.com) on 2018-04-13T12:19:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_AUGUSTO_RYONOUSKE_TAIRA.pdf: 1718480 bytes, checksum: 9f59f32b869917d7bacf84ff09abd210 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alexandra Maria Donadon Lusser Segali null (alexmar@fcav.unesp.br) on 2018-04-13T16:55:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 taira_ar_me_jabo.pdf: 1718480 bytes, checksum: 9f59f32b869917d7bacf84ff09abd210 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-13T16:55:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 taira_ar_me_jabo.pdf: 1718480 bytes, checksum: 9f59f32b869917d7bacf84ff09abd210 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um recurso videocirúrgico para inseminação artificial (IA) transcervical em ovinos. Foram utilizadas 30 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês com idades entre 2 a 5 anos todas pluríparas, divididas em três grupos experimentais: 1) IA por técnica convencional com tração cervical (GC); 2) IA por vídeo-vaginoscopia com insuflação (GVS) e; 3) IA videoassistida com fixação cervical (GVF). Durante o procedimento foi registrado o tipo do óstio cervical, número de anéis transpassados, local de deposição do sêmen no trato reprodutivo, tempo de manipulação cervical, taxa de passagem e fibrinogênio plasmáticos como marcador de reação inflamatória entre as técnicas. O diagnóstico gestacional foi realizado 21 dias após a inseminação artificial. Todos os dados foram submetidos a teste de normalidade seguido de um pós-teste, utilizando o programa estatístico R versão 3.2.5. Para o GVF a técnica não permitiu a entrada ao interior do útero com o aparelho, devido a ausência de expansão cervical associado à presença de muco no canal cervical, dificultaram a visualização. A insuflação da cavidade vaginal do GVS possibilitou a visualização da entrada do óstio cervical com facilidade, com a deposição do sêmen no interior do útero sem a fixação cervical em 10% dos animais (1/10). O número de anéis transpassados diferiu de acordo com o grupo experimental. Para o tempo de procedimento o GVF apresentou maior tempo de manipulação, quando comparado com os demais grupos. O fibrinogênio sérico aumentou nas três primeiras coletas que sucederam a IA do GVS, reduzindo após esse período. A taxa de prenhez não diferiu entre os grupos, sendo de 20% para o GC e 10% para os demais. Conclui que a vaginoscopia pode auxiliar na passagem cervical, favorecendo a deposição do sêmen no interior do útero de animais sincronizados, servindo de base para novos estudos de IATF em pequenos ruminantes. / ABSTRACT - The aim of this work was to develop a videocurgical resource for transcervical artificial insemination (AI) in sheep. Thirty Santa Ines ewes from 2 to 5 years old were all pluriparous, divided into three experimental groups: 1) AI by conventional cervical traction (CG) technique; 2) AI by video-vaginoscopy with insufflation (GVS) and; 3) Video-assisted AI with cervical fixation (GVF). During the procedure, the type of cervical ostium, number of cervical rings transversed, place of deposition of the semen in the reproductive tract, time of cervical manipulation, passage rate and plasma fibrinogen were registered as a marker of inflammatory reaction between the techniques. The gestational diagnosis was performed 21 days after the artificial insemination. All data were submitted to a normality test followed by a post-test, using the statistical program R version 3.2.5. For GVF the technique did not allow the entrance to the interior of the uterus with the device, due to the absence of cervical expansion associated with the presence of mucus in the cervical canal, difficulted the visualization. The insufflation of the vaginal cavity of the GVS facilitated the visualization of the entrance of the cervical ostium easily, with the deposition of the semen inside the uterus without cervical fixation in 10% of the animals (1/10). The number of rings transversed differed according to the experimental group. For the procedure time the GVF presented a longer handling time when compared to the other groups. Serum fibrinogen increased in the first three samples that succeeded the GVS AI, reducing after this period. The pregnancy rate did not differ between the groups, being 20% for the CG and 10% for the others. It concludes that the vaginoscopy can aid in the cervical passage, favoring the deposition of the semen inside the uterus of synchronized animals, serving as the basis for new studies of IATF in small ruminants. / 441492/2014-2 / 132813/2016-5 / 166420/2017-4

Master of Science / Department of Animal Sciences and Industry / Jeffrey S. Stevenson / A study was performed to determine the minimum effective dose of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) needed to induce ovulation of follicles in cattle (Exp. 1). Another study determined the effects of replacing the first injection of GnRH (d -7) with hCG or saline in a Resynch-Ovsynch protocol [injection of GnRH 7 d before and 48 h after PGF[subscript2alpha] before a resynchronized fixed-timed AI (TAI)] on pregnancy rates in cows diagnosed not pregnant and pregnancy survival in cows diagnosed pregnant (d 0; Exp. 2). A final study determined the ovulation potential of hCG compared with GnRH and saline (Exp. 3). In Exp. 1, ovaries of Holstein cows were mapped by using transrectal ultrasonography 7 d before pregnancy diagnosis. Cows were assigned to treatments of saline, 100 [Mu]g of GnRH, or 500, 1,000, 2,000, or 3,000 IU of hCG. Ovarian structures were monitored 7 d later and proportion of cows and follicles that ovulated were recorded. In Exp. 2, cows in 4 herds were assigned to treatments of 1,000 IU of hCG, 100 [Mu]g of GnRH, or left as untreated controls 7 d before pregnancy diagnosis. Nonpregnant cows were given PGF[subscript2alpha] (d 0), then inseminated 72 h later, concurrent with a GnRH injection. Pregnancy rates tended (P = 0.08) to be increased by GnRH (17.9%; n = 703) compared with control (12.9%; n = 505), but not hCG (16.5%; n = 541). Incidences of ovulation in nonpregnant cows (Exp. 3) were: hCG (51.6%; n = 126), GnRH (46.1%; n = 102), and control (28.1%; n = 96), whereas those in pregnant cows were: hCG (59.3%; n = 59), GnRH (24.5%; n = 49), and control (6.9%; n = 58). We concluded that: 1) a minimum dose of 1,000 IU of hCG resulted in a greater ovulatory response than saline, GnRH, or 500 IU of hCG (Exp. 1); 2) initiating a Resynch-Ovsynch protocol 7 d before pregnancy diagnosis with saline reduced timed AI pregnancy rates (Exp. 2); and 3) incidence of new CL was greater after hCG than GnRH in pregnant cows, but not in nonpregnant cows (Exp. 3).

No description available.

Estrus synchronization (ES) is a valuable technology that can help beef cow-calf producers to overcome infertility caused by prolonged anestrus. Protocols for ES that use progesterone (P4) supplementation are of particular value to cows with prolonged postpartum anestrus as P4 triggers them to begin cycling and allows them to have fertility similar to that of cycling cows. Supplementation of P4 intravaginally with the use of a controlled internal drug release device (CIDR) improves cycle induction when compared to oral administration of P4. Vaginitis has been reported as a side effect to CIDR use in cattle, which raises concerns about its downstream effects on fertility. More specifically, the effects of CIDR use on the vaginal environment requires exploration, as no studies have explored the changes in vaginal microbiome in response to CIDR based ES protocols. In cattle, the vaginal microbiome has not been widely explored. On the contrary, the human vaginal microbiome is a well-defined environment, rich in bacteria from the genus Lactobacillus, which are responsible for promoting an environment of acidic pH. The dominance of Lactobacillus in the human vagina, however, fluctuates according to steroid hormone concentrations, and disruptions in the vaginal environment will cause depletion of Lactobacillus species, increase in vaginal pH and decreased fertility. Based on this data in humans, our objectives were to describe incidence of vaginitis caused by the CIDR in beef cows, as well as the vaginal microbiome changes in response to CIDR based protocols, and explore their relation to fertility. We found high incidences of vaginitis caused by CIDR use, yet CIDR-induced vaginitis did not negatively affect pregnancy outcomes. However, at CIDR withdrawal, there was decreased bacterial diversity, increased vaginal pH, increased bacterial abundance, and increased vaginal inflammation when compared to what was observed prior to CIDR insertion. Furthermore, abundance of bacteria, vaginal inflammation, and bacterial diversity, but not vaginal pH, were restored to normal values by the day of timed artificial insemination. This important finding suggests that although the vaginal microbiome was disrupted by the use of CIDR, the vaginal microbiome is resilient and capable of restoring its natural conditions without intervention. Finally, cows that ultimately became pregnant were found to have had increased bacterial diversity and decreased vaginal pH prior to protocol initiation, suggesting that the vaginal microbiome may play a role in individual cow fertility. In conclusion, our results indicate that for beef cows a more diverse vaginal microbiome with decreased vaginal pH presents greater resilience of the microbiome towards disruptions caused by an ES protocol, which is translated in greater pregnancy success. / Doctor of Philosophy / According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, the world population is expected to grow by 51% by the year of 2100. The efficiency of food production must therefore be optimized, given the finite availability of farmable land. In beef production, cow fertility is of great importance, since it will ultimately determine the number of animals available for slaughter. The main reproductive issue that cow-calf producers face is that after calving, cows will undergo a period known as postpartum anestrus, in which cows fail to ovulate. Artificial insemination (AI) can help to optimize beef production efficiency, since it allows for the dispersal of semen from valuable bulls to facilitate the genetic enhancement of herds. The use of estrus synchronization (ES) protocols allows for induction and synchronization of ovulation, which allows AI to be performed at the same time for large groups of cows. Progesterone is often used in ES protocols and is the hormone responsible for inducing cyclicity in postpartum cows. Progesterone can be administered either orally or intravaginally via the use of a controlled internal drug release (CIDR). While the CIDR seems to be more effective at inducing cyclicity of cattle compared to oral progesterone administration, vaginal inflammation as response to the CIDR has been reported in cattle. Little is known about the downstream effects of this inflammation on the normal vaginal microbiota and fertility in cattle. In humans, the vaginal microbiome is predominated by a single genus of bacteria (Lactobacillus), that has an essential role in producing lactic acid, which results in the human vagina being remarkably acidic. In humans, depletion of this bacteria, a condition called bacterial vaginosis (BV), allows for other types of bacteria to grow, which results in an increased vaginal pH and decreased fertility. The bovine vaginal microbiome composition and pH in response to the hormones administered during ES protocols and its relation to fertility have not been widely explored. Our objectives were to document the incidence of vaginitis caused by the CIDR in beef cows and evaluate its effects on the vaginal microbiome changes and fertility. We found high incidences of vaginitis caused by the CIDR, yet no effects of CIDR-induced vaginitis were seen on pregnancy success to the protocol. However, decreased bacterial diversity, followed by increases in vaginal pH, abundance of bacteria and vaginal inflammation are all detected at CIDR withdrawal when compared to before CIDR insertion. Furthermore, abundance of bacteria, vaginal inflammation, and bacterial diversity, but not vaginal pH, were restored to normal values by the day of timed AI, indicating that although the vaginal microbiome was disrupted using CIDR, the vaginal microbiome can restore to natural conditions, and indicate resilience of the vaginal microbiome. Finally, cows that became pregnant to the protocol presented increased bacterial diversity and decreased vaginal pH prior to the protocol. In conclusion, our results indicate that for beef cows a more diverse vaginal microbiome with decreased vaginal pH presents greater resilience of the microbiome towards disruptions caused by an ES protocol, which is translated in greater pregnancy success.

Submitted by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2016-09-26T12:58:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) JESSE TURCHIELO GRUNDEMANN.pdf: 787037 bytes, checksum: b8d2b3a0aafb3ac92a7ca1c97f74ec16 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2016-09-26T12:59:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) JESSE TURCHIELO GRUNDEMANN.pdf: 787037 bytes, checksum: b8d2b3a0aafb3ac92a7ca1c97f74ec16 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T12:59:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) JESSE TURCHIELO GRUNDEMANN.pdf: 787037 bytes, checksum: b8d2b3a0aafb3ac92a7ca1c97f74ec16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-18 / Objetivou-se comparar o desempenho reprodutivo de novilhas, vacas solteiras e vacas com cria ao pé submetidas à ressincronização utilizando o protocolo hormonal de inseminação artificial com detecção de estro e em tempo fixo (IAETF). Foram utilizadas 382 fêmeas bovinas das raças Angus e Brangus, sendo 136 novilhas, 103 vacas solteiras e 143 vacas amamentando (entre 40 e 70 dias pós-parto). No dia 0, todos os animais receberam um dispositivo intravaginal contendo 1,2 g de progesterona (para sincronização de vacas adultas) ou reutilizado (para sincronização de novilhas e na ressincronização de novilhas e vacas adultas) e uma injeção intramuscular (IM) contendo 2 mg de benzoato de estradiol (BE). Na tarde do dia 6, os animais receberam injeção contendo (IM) 300 UI de gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) e 0,15 mg de D-cloprostenol e os bezerros tabuleta nasal por 4 dias (até o dia 10). Na tarde do dia 7, os dispositivos vaginais foram removidos e o estro foi monitorado às 24 e 36 horas após a retirada dos dispositivos. Os animais em estro foram inseminados 12 horas mais tarde e o restante recebeu uma injeção (IM) contendo 0,01 mg de Acetato de Buserelina às 48 horas após a retirada dos dispositivos e foram inseminados em tempo fixo (IATF) 12 a 16 horas após a injeção (dia 10). Na sincronização, o percentual de estro diferiu (P < 0,05) entre as três categorias (63,1%, 52.9% e 24,4% para vacas solteiras, novilhas e vacas amamentando, respectivamente). Já na ressincronização, apenas as vacas amamentando demonstraram menor (P < 0,05) percentual de cio (25,0%) quando comparadas às novilhas (82,0%) e vacas solteiras (72,7%). Na primeira IA, as novilhas apresentaram maior (P < 0,05) percentual de prenhez (71,3%) que as vacas amamentando (58,0%), mas 6 ambas as categorias não diferiram (P > 0,05) em relação às vacas solteiras (67,9%). Já na ressincronização, o percentual de prenhez das três categorias não diferiu (P > 0,05) entre si (51,2%; 51,5% e 60,0% para novilhas, vacas solteiras e vacas amamentando, respectivamente). Os percentuais de prenhez cumulativos das duas IAETFs (86,0%; 84,4% e 83,2% para novilhas, vacas solteiras e amamentando, respectivamente) e do final da estação reprodutiva após repasse com touros (94,1%; 91,2% e 87,4% para novilhas, vacas solteiras e amamentando, respectivamente) não diferiram (P > 0,05) entre as três categorias. Conclui-se que novilhas, vacas solteiras e vacas amamentando apresentam desempenho reprodutivo semelhante quando submetidas à ressincronização com IAETF, bem como após o repasse com touros. / The aim of this study was to compare the reproductive performance of heifers, nonlactating and lactating beef cows submitted to fixed time and estrus detection artificial insemination hormonal protocol (FTEAI). A total of 382 bovine females divided in 136 heifers, 103 nonlactating and 143 lactating cows (between 40 and 70 days postpartum) were used. On day 0 all animals received an intravaginal device containing 1.2g of progesterone (used on adult cows) or reutilized (used on heifers synchronization and on heifers and adult cows resynchronization) and an injection (IM) containing 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB). In the afternoon of day 6, animals received an injection (IM) containing 300 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and 0.15 mg of D-cloprostenol and calves a no se tablet for 4 days (until day 10). In the afternoon of day 7, intravaginal devices were removed and estrus was monitored at 24 and 36 h after device removal. Animals detected in estrus were artidicial insemination (AI) 12 h later and the remaining received an injection (IM) containing 0.01mg of Busereline Acetate at 48 h after device removal and were submitted to timed artificial insemination (TAI) 12 to 16 h after the injection (Day 10). In the synchronization, estrus rate differ (P < 0.05) among the three categories (63.1%, 52.9% and 24.4% to nonlactating cows, heifers, and lactating cows, respectively). Where as in resynchronization, only lactating cows showed lower (P < 0.05) estrus rate (25.0%) when compared for heifers (82.0%) and nonlactating cows (72.7%). In the synchronization heifers showed higher (P < 0.05) pregnancy rate (71.3%) than lactating cows (58.0%), but both categories did not differ (P > 0.05) in relation to nonlactating cows (67.9%). In resynchronization, pregnancy rate of three 8 categories did not differ betwem (P > 0.05) each other (51.2%, 51.5% and 60.0% for heifers, nonlactating cows and lactating cows, respectively). The cumulative pregnancy rates from two FTEAI (86.0%, 84.4% and 83.2% for heifers, nonlactating and lactating cows, respectively) and from final reproductive season after breeding with bulls (94.1%, 91.2% and 87.4% to heifers, nonlactating and lactating cows, respectively) did not differ (P > 0.05) among the categories. In conclusion, heifers, nonlactating and lactating cows show similar reproductive performance at the end of breeding season when submitted to resynchronization using FTEAI, as well as after a short-term breeding with bulls.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:47:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 267486 bytes, checksum: 169841b6c3f32cc968c92239bcabfe56 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of estradiol benzoate plus CIDR on estrus and ovulation synchronization and pregnancy rates in zebu lactating cows at postpartum. Two hundred and twenty six zebu cows, were randomly assigned to three different treatments: MN (n=77) - cows were submitted to a breeding season of 21 days, cows of the T1 (n=70) received an intravaginal progesterone device (CIDR) and an injection of estradiol benzoate (EB) (day 0 of treatment). On day 7, the CIDR s were removed and the animals received an injection of a PGF2&#945;. The cows were inseminated 12 hours after estrus detection. Females of the T2 (n=79) received the same protocol as T1, but plus another injection of EB on day 8 and were inseminated at 56 hours after the CIDR implant removal. The estrus induction rates for the treatments T1 and T2 were 96.7 and 100.0% respectively. The pregnancy rates were respectively 42.9, 18.3 and 42.7% for the MN, T1 and T2 groups. The progesterone plasma concentration were 11.71 ng/mL (day 0) and 8.87 ng/mL (day 7). The body condition score (BCS) did not affect pregnancy rates. Estradiol benzoate injected 24 hours after progestágeno removal gave a better response for lactating beef cows at post-partum. / O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência do benzoato de estradiol, associado ao CIDR, na sincronização do estro e da ovulação sobre a taxa de sincronização e prenhez em vacas de corte zebuínas lactantes no pós-parto. Foram utilizadas 226 vacas zebuínas, previamente submetidas a avaliação para condição corporal, divididas aleatoriamente em três tratamentos: MN - monta natural (n=77) com estação de monta de 21 dias; T1 (n=70) as fêmeas receberam um dispositivo intra-vaginal de liberação de progesterona (CIDR) e uma injeção de benzoato de estradiol BE (dia zero do tratamento). No dia 7, foi removido o CIDR e aplicado uma dose única de PGF2&#945;. As vacas foram inseminadas 12 horas após a observação do estro; T2 (n=79) as fêmeas foram submetidas ao mesmo protocolo empregado no T1, adicionando outra dose de BE no dia 8 e todas as fêmeas foram inseminadas 56 horas após a retirada do CIDR. As fêmeas dos tratamentos T1 e T2 manifestaram o estro na proporção de 96,7 e 100,0% respectivamente, sendo que a taxa de prenhez foi de: 42,9, 18,3 e 42,7% para os tratamentos MN, T1 e T2 respectivamente. A concentração plasmática média de progesterona no dia 0 foi de 11,71 ng/mL e de 8,87 ng/mL, no dia 7. Não foi observado influência do escore de condição corporal (ECC) sobre as taxas de prenhez das vacas estudadas neste experimento. No presente estudo, a utilização da dose suplementar de BE, 24 horas após a retirada do implante contendo progestágeno foi o protocolo mais indicado para vacas de corte lactantes no período pós-parto.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:47:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 425505 bytes, checksum: c9e905b211c38a1ec8e1bb112c85e570 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study was aimed to investigate the effects that different protocols for induction and synchronization of estrus and ovulation, with the use of eCG, BE, CE or GnRH associated with progestin could have on the follicle growth and pre-ovulatory follicle diameter. Furthermore the relationship with progesterone, LH, insulin, cortisol in the follicular fluid concentration and progesterone, cortisol, insulin serum concentrations of cows submitted to protocols. Ninety Nelore suckled cows were divided into six groups, 15 cows per protocol. The protocols consisted in the placement and removal of an intravaginal progesterone device (IPD) (0.75g of progesterone) in the first and eighth day respectively; application of prostaglandin (PGF2 &#61537;) on the eighth day, and except in protocol 1 was used estradiol benzoate (EB) on day 1. The other differences in the delineation of protocols were: Protocol 1 day 1 and day 8 (GnRH); Protocol 2 day 6 (PGF2 &#61537;), day 8 (PGF2 &#61537; + estradiol cypionate (EC)); Protocol 3 day 8 (eCG + EC); Protocol 4 day 8 (eCG + EB); Protocol 5 day 8 (eCG), day 9 (EB); Protocol 6 day 9 (EB). Overall 93.3% (84/90) of cows responded to synchronization protocol. However, it was observed that 28.9% of cows (26/90) did not have a synchronization of a new follicular wave, checked by the number of cows which have not developed a dominant follicle (5/26), cows with early ovulation (15/26) and cows that had a dominant follicle in regression process (6/26). There was no statistical difference in growth and diameter of the pre-ovulatory follicle between protocols. Progesterona, LH, insulina, cortisol concentrations on follicular fluid, as well as in cortisol and insulin serum concentration did nor differ with the protocols used. Although, in protocol 2, lower progesterone concentrations (P<0.05) were observed in the withdrawal of IPD. Twenty seven oocytes were recovered, which were classified according to quality: 1 (n=12), 2 (n=6), 3 (n=7) e 4 (n=2). The antecipation in the prostaglandin application in two days from IPD withdrawal result in lower progesterone concentrations. / O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar os efeitos que diferentes protocolos de indução e sincronização do estro e da ovulação, com utilização de eCG, BE, CE ou GnRH associados a um progestágeno, podem ter sobre o crescimento e diâmetro do folículo pré-ovulatório, e suas relações com a concentração, no fluido folicular, de progesterona, LH, insulina e cortisol, e com a concentração sérica de progesterona, cortisol e insulina das vacas submetidas aos protocolos. Foram utilizadas 90 vacas Nelore solteiras, com mais de nove meses pós-parto, divididas em seis protocolos, sendo 15 vacas por protocolo. Todos os protocolos consistiam na colocação e retirada de um dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona (DIP) (0,75 gramas de progesterona) no primeiro e no oitavo dia, respectivamente; aplicação de prostaglandina (PGF2&#61537;) no oitavo dia; e exceto no protocolo 1, foi utilizado benzoato de estradiol (BE) no dia 1. As outras diferenças no esquema dos protocolos foram: protocolo 1 dia 1 e dia 8 (GnRH); protocolo 2 Dia 6 (PGF2&#61537;), dia 8 (PGF2&#61537;&#61472;&#61483;&#61472;cipionato de estradiol (CE)); protocolo 3 dia 8 (eCG + CE); protocolo 4 dia 8 (eCG + BE); protocolo 5 dia 8 (eCG), dia 9 (BE); protocolo 6 dia 9 (BE). Em geral, 93,3 % (84/90) de vacas responderam ao protocolo de sincronização. Entretanto, foi observado que 28,9 % das vacas (26/90) não apresentaram sincronização eficiente de uma nova onda folicular, constatado pelo número de vacas que não desenvolveram folículo dominante (5/26), as vacas que ovularam precocemente (15/26), e as vacas que tiveram um folículo dominante que estava em processo de regressão (6/26). Não houve diferença estatística no crescimento e diâmetro do folículo pré-ovulatório entre os protocolos. Não houve efeito, entre os protocolos, na concentração no fluido folicular de progesterona, LH, insulina, cortisol, bem como na concentração sérica de cortisol e insulina. Contudo, no protocolo 2, foi verificada menor concentração sérica (P < 0,05) de progesterona na retirada do DIP. Foram recuperados 27 ovócitos, que foram classificados de acordo com a qualidade em 1 (n=12), 2 (n=6), 3 (n=7) e 4 (n=2). A antecipação na aplicação de vprostaglandina, em dois dias da retirada do DIP, resulta em menor concentração de progesterona circulante.