Cette thèse étudie l’image de l’Afrique dans la poésie latine, d’Ennius à Corippe. Dans la plupart des occurrences, l’Afrique n’est présente que pour son caractère connotatif et sert surtout l’amplification du discours. Nous pouvons néanmoins en déduire un certain nombre de caractéristiques qui participent d’une imagerie topique attachée à l’Afrique. Nous avons ensuite mis en évidence la manière dont les poètes traitent ce matériau africain, ainsi que les caractéristiques propres à l’Afrique, qui la distinguent des autres régions « barbares » de l’Empire. L’originalité de l’Afrique, enfin, vient de la place qu’elle occupe dans le genre épique, puisqu’elle est le théâtre de plusieurs oeuvres. L’amplification propre au genre, qui se nourrit des réalités et de l’imaginaire précédemment évoqués, lui confère une dimension mythique, au point qu’elle joue un rôle fondamental dans la construction de ces poèmes. Par un effet de retour, elle en vient à être évoquée, dans les genres dits mineurs, commemétaphore pour désigner le genre épique. / This thesis is devoted to the study of the representation of Africa in Latin poetry, from Ennius until Corippus. In most cases, allusions to Africa have a mere connotative value and fulfill an amplification purpose. Nonetheless, various characteristics of the stereotypes associated to Africa can be deduced from them. We also describe the methods used by the poets to deal with these stereotypes and we shed light on the characteristics that make Africa different from the other “barbarian” regions of the Roman Empire. The originality of Africa is related to the importance it takes in epic, since Africa is the scene of several poems. The amplification proper to epic, mainly based on these stereotypes, gives Africa a mythic dimension and it plays thus a fundamental role in the structure of epic poems. Consequently, it becomes the metaphor of epic in many other minor genres.

This is a nontraditional thesis that combines social research in ethnic stereotypes in TV and film with the creative process of film production. This paper contains the formal step of research, in addition to the details on the production and creation of five original short films related to the issue of ethnic representations.

Este estudio tuvo como finalidad analizar las características discursivas de la cobertura periodística de “Día D” y “Cuarto poder” sobre la migración venezolana en el Perú durante el período de enero 2018 a marzo 2020. Desarrollada bajo enfoque cualitativo, diseño no experimental, nivel descriptivo – comparativo. El universo lo constituyó la cantidad de programas donde “Cuarto poder” y “Día D” abordaron el tema de la migración venezolana. La población estuvo constituida por 18 programas y la muestra, fue de ocho reportajes. Las técnicas empleadas fueron la observación y el análisis de contenido. El instrumento aplicado fue la matriz de contenido. Los hallazgos permitieron determinar que “Cuarto poder” y “Día D” incurren reiteradamente en reportajes que ideologizan la muerte y que permiten que exista una construcción del otro estigmatizada y fundamentada en el temor, el estereotipo y rituales que marcan a los ciudadanos que perciben este tipo de noticias. / The purpose of this study was to analyze the discursive characteristics of the journalistic coverage of "Día D" and "Cuarto Poder" on Venezuelan migration in Peru during the period from January 2018 to March 2020. Developed under a qualitative approach, non-experimental design, level descriptive - comparative. The universe is shown by the number of programs where "Cuarto Poder" and "Día D" addressed the issue of Venezuelan migration. The population consisted of 18 programs and the sample consisted of eight reports. The techniques used were observation and content analysis. The instrument applied was the content matrix. The findings made it possible to determine that "Cuarto Poder" and "Día D" repeatedly incur in reports that ideologize death and that allow for a stigmatized construction of the other based on fear, stereotype and rituals that mark the citizens who perceive this kind of news. / Tesis

El racismo está presente dentro de la cultura peruana, pero de una manera muy aversiva: se expresa en forma cómica o en forma de burla. El propósito del trabajo es comprobar qué tanto perciben los comunicadores en formación la representación de personajes andinos con respecto a la estética audiovisual. Luego de investigar y leer artículos, se reconoce la relación entre los estereotipos étnicos, el racismo peruano sobre el personaje andino y la estética audiovisual de los comerciales de televisión, siendo estos normalizados en algunos casos por la sociedad peruana. Esta investigación es de carácter cualitativo, para el cual se utilizará un método de recolección de datos: una guía de entrevistas para 15 comunicadores en formación que sintonicen frecuentemente la televisión peruana. El resultado que se espera es ver si los comunicadores en formación perciben los estereotipos y representaciones de personajes andinos. Además, de qué manera lo hacen y si reaccionan o no. / Racism is present within Peruvian culture, but in a very aversive way: it is expressed in a comical way or in the form of derision. The purpose of the work is to check how much the communicators in training perceive the representation of Andean characters with respect to the audiovisual aesthetic. After researching and reading articles, the relationship between ethnic stereotypes, Peruvian racism about the Andean character and the audiovisual aesthetics of television commercials is recognized, these being normalized in some cases by Peruvian society. This research is qualitative in nature, for which a data collection method will be used: an interview guide for 15 communicators in training who frequently tune in to Peruvian television. The expected result is to see if the communicators in training perceive the stereotypes and representations of Andean characters. Also, in what way do they do it and if they react or not. / Trabajo de investigación

This thesis deals with the depiction of racial and ethnic stereotypes in American animated cartoons particularly from the first half of the twentieth century. It studies the relationship between animation and American culture and examines how animation reflects and shapes American identity in terms of race and how it critiques and promotes American values and attitudes regarding race and ethnicity in particular. Considering the historical, political, legal and cultural background of the contemporary eras of American animation, the thesis analyses the portrayal of racial and ethnic features in animated cartoons from the 1920s to the 1960s. Such stereotypes represent, in my opinion, significant aspects of societal and cultural changes in American society of the examined eras of animation. The beginnings of the entertainment industry affected the booming era of animation by implementing commonly recognised literary stereotypes of the African-Americans into animated cartoons. This thesis strives to study the development of animated features of the racial stereotypes throughout the contemporary eras. It provides a brief systematic overview of the main eras that have significantly highlighted the start of animation as markers of race and ethnicity. Simultaneously, it discusses the problematic...