Darbo objektas – žmogaus sukurtų daiktų pavadinimai. Darbo tikslas – aptarti kai kurių žmogaus sukurtų daiktų pavadinimų etimologinę motyvaciją, suskirstyti šiuos žodžius etimologiniu leksiniu požiūriu. Darbe stengtasi pateikti daug perskaitytos literatūros, kur tarp įvairių autorių kyla daug diskusijų. Pagrindiniam tikslui įgyvendinti keliami tokie uždaviniai: 1) Apibrėžti etimologijos sąvoką. 2) Išrinkti žodžius (žmogaus sukurtų daiktų pavadinimų), pateiktus Algirdo Sabaliausko „Lietuvių kalbos leksikoje“ ir papildyti juos kituose veikaluose etimologizuotais žodžiais (Wojciech Smoczyński „Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego” ir kt.). 3) Sudaryti žodynėlį, remiantis dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodyno elektronine versija. 4) Suskirstyti žodžius kilmės atžvilgiu. 5) Suskirstyti žodžius grupėmis. 6) Objektyviai aptarti visų žodžių etimologinę motyvaciją, remiantis įvairių kalbininkų subjektyviomis ir objektyviomis nuomonėmis. 7) Diagramose pateikti statistinius duomenis. Išvadose pateikti statistiniai duomenys: Lietuvių kalbos leksikos (be skolintinės) žmogaus sukurtų daiktų pavadinimų pagrindas yra baltų kalboms būdinga leksika, kurios skaičius 32% (41 ž.). Nedaug atsilieka senoji ide. leksika ir tik lietuvių kalbai būdinga leksika po 25% (33/34 ž.). Mažiausias skaičius, bet nemažai yra bendrosios baltų ir slavų leksikos 16% (20 ž.). Bendrai etimologizuoti lietuvių kalbos leksikos (be skolintinės) 128 lietuvių kalboje vartojami žodžiai. Daugiausia skolinių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The subject of the work – „the Names of Man – Made Things“. The aim of the wort is to investigate the motivation of giving derivate names of man-made things, to divide them according to their lexikal derivative meaning. In the work I tried to present the material used fro different sources, as there is a discussion and difference in opinions among a lot of authors. The main tasks of the work are: 1) To describe the meaning of derivation. 2) To choose the words (man-made things) given in „Lietuvių kalbos leksika“ by Algirdas Sabaliauskas and to supplement them with derivative words (Wojciech Smoczyński „Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego” etc.). 3) To make a small dictionary taking into consideration E-version of modern Lithuanian dictionary. 4) To dividive the words according their origin. 5) To unite the words in groups. 6) To discuss objectively all the words’ derivative motivation, taking into consideration all the subjective and objective opinions of the speakers. 7) To present statistic’s data in the diagram. In the conclusion the statistic’s data is shown. The basis of the original (not borrowed) Lithuanian names of man-made things is the peculiarity of the Baltic languages, the number of which is 32% (41 w.). Not much is behind the old ide. and only for the Lithuanian language peculiar lexics 25% (34/33 w.). The smallest number but very important one is common Baltic and Slave lexics that makes 16% (20 w.). In general there are 128 derivative (not... [to full text]

This thesis traces the origins and development of Sierra Leone Krio vocabulary, based upon the writer's own study and manuscript dictionary of that language, and on work with informants for most of the donor languages dealt with. Part I deals with European-African contacts from the 15th to the 19th century, and with creolization as a linguistic process developing from this contact. Various theories of creolization are discussed, and the hypothesis advanced that Krio did not pass through a pidgin stage as is generally maintained, but became nativized during the first generation of speakers, and pidginized later. This chapter is followed by a discussion of the sociolinguistic aspects of Krio, and a description of Krio phonology. Part II examines European material in Krio, the most important of which sources being English. The special role of the nautical varieties of the language in the 16th-19th centuries is emphasized. Regional and Archaic British forms which are still retained in Krio are also discussed. Parts III and IV deal with the African-derived items in Krio; from these chapters it is apparent that out of the complex multilingual situation of 19th century Freetown, comparatively few African languages have had any far-reaching impact upon Krio, and then usually only in specialized areas of the lexicon. Part Y is concerned with items derived from Arabic, all of which have entered Krio via one or more other West African languages. The majority of these items occur in a solely Islamic context. Part VI covers other aspects of Krio vocabulary: items coined within Krio itself, having no apparent cognates outside the language, compounded forms traceable to two (or more) different source languages, 'convergence' forms with two or more equally likely etymologies, English-derived items calqued on African models, items obsolete in modern Krio but recorded in 19th century literature, and items for which no satisfactory etymologies have yet been found. Part VII (appendices) comprises the acknowledgements and list of informants, and the bibliography, including several references for Sierra Leone Krio not consulted in the preparation of this thesis. The final section is an alphabetical word-index to all the items discussed, (ca. 3,000).

M.A. (African Languages) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

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Vocabulary instructional tools can be used in the science classroom to increase students' understanding of course terminology. This thesis used a case study approach to explore the Etymological Approach to Learning Biological Terminology [EALBT] used by an instructor to ease access to university-level terms. The results indicate the existence of five unique approaches to the EALBT and that a number of metacognitive elements can also be integrated into this instructional method. The conclusions include that university science courses can require more self-guided learning when compared to high school science. Likewise, metacognition can develop skills in thinking and learning control processes that could lead students to become increasingly apt at accessing course material, including terminology.

梁月娥. / "2011年8月". / "2011 nian 8 yue". / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 217-248). / Abstract in Chinese and English. / Liang Yue'e. / 提要 --- p.i / 目錄 --- p.iv / 凡例 --- p.vi / Chapter 第一章 --- 緒論 --- p.7 / Chapter 一、 --- 《疏證》簡介 --- p.7 / Chapter 二、 --- 學界對《疏證》隨價 --- p.8 / Chapter 三、 --- 《疏證》的價値 --- p.11 / Chapter 四、 --- 硏究目的和方法 --- p.15 / Chapter 第二章 --- 字形方面的問題 --- p.16 / Chapter 一、 --- 誤收其他字形 --- p.16 / Chapter 二、 --- 對字形本身的認識有問題 --- p.39 / Chapter (一) --- 依從《說文》的誤釋 --- p.39 / Chapter (二) --- 混淆形近字 --- p.42 / Chapter (三) --- 對古文字中的字形混同現象認識不清 --- p.50 / Chapter (四) --- 混淆本字與假借字 --- p.52 / Chapter (五) --- 輕略字形在不同時代的演變 --- p.53 / Chapter (六) --- 忽略族名金文對理解字形的作用 --- p.56 / Chapter (七) --- 沒有溝通同一偏旁在不同字中的關係 --- p.58 / Chapter (八) --- 沒有結合字的用義來分析字形 --- p.61 / Chapter 第三章 --- 字義方面的問題 --- p.66 / Chapter 一、 --- 釋義有誤 --- p.66 / Chapter (一) --- 解釋造字本義有誤 --- p.66 / Chapter (二) --- 解釋用法有誤 --- p.70 / Chapter (1) --- 誤解上下文文意 --- p.70 / Chapter (2) --- 誤解古書詁訓 --- p.94 / Chapter (3) --- 誤解器物形制 --- p.103 / Chapter (4) --- 忽略與傳世文獻的對照 --- p.117 / Chapter (5) --- 忽略古文字的用字習慣 --- p.131 / Chapter 二、 --- 釋義不足 --- p.136 / Chapter (一) --- 缺釋造字本義 --- p.136 / Chapter (二) --- 說解字的用法有邊漏 --- p.140 / Chapter 第四章 --- 本人對部分字形造字本義和用法的新看法 --- p.146 / Chapter 一、 --- 造字本義 --- p.146 / Chapter 二、 --- 辭例脈 --- p.170 / Chapter 第五章 --- 與字音有關的問題 --- p.189 / Chapter 一、 --- 複輔音聲母對繫聯聲首的影響 --- p.189 / Chapter 二、 --- 記音錯誤 --- p.197 / Chapter 第六章 --- 「系原」的修訂建議 --- p.199 / Chapter 第七章 --- 結語 --- p.212 / 參考文獻 --- p.217 / Chapter 附錄一、 --- 字形摹錄 --- p.249 / Chapter 附錄二、 --- 筆誤 --- p.254 / Chapter 附錄三、 --- 書目簡稱表 --- p.256 / Chapter 附錄四、 --- 檢字表 --- p.257

published_or_final_version / Chinese / Master / Master of Philosophy

Lucretius wrote his six-book philosophical epic poem De Rerum Natura a few decades before the fall of the Roman Republic and the start of the principate and the reign of Augustus in 27 BC, in a time of great social and political upheaval. This thesis examines Lucretius’ appropriation and correction of traditional Roman social and political rhetoric as part of his therapeutic philosophical programme, which aims to alleviate fear and anxiety through a rational understanding of nature. Specifically, this thesis examines Lucretius’ innovative use of foedus, a charged Roman word with many powerful connotations which is generally translated as “treaty”, “pact” or “covenant”. More than just an agreement, a foedus represented a divinely sanctioned ritualized contract between Rome and another polity, one which could not be broken without grave spiritual and political repercussions. They were an integral part of Roman life and culture and were strongly associated with imperialism, ambition, religion and sacrifice, and so Lucretius’ decision to adopt that word for the unthinking, unchanging, atheistic, necessary laws that limit and guide nature – despite his explicit condemnation of exactly those values foedus represents – is at first glance mystifying. As this thesis will show, however, foedus turns out to be an exceedingly apt choice, infusing almost every aspect of Lucretius’ Epicurean work with subtle complexity and meaning and contributing strongly to his polemical, therapeutic, ethical and didactic agendas. This thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter examines the social, political and philosophical contexts which influenced Lucretius to adopt Epicureanism. It then delves into some of the issues surrounding his innovative use of foedus. Chapter Two attempts to answer the research question of why foedus? by comparing and contrasting the essential characteristics of Roman foedera against those of Lucretius’ foedera naturae. This in turn provides a more detailed picture of Lucretius’ philosophical system both in terms of its physical and ethical doctrines, and suggests some possible motivations for Lucretius’ choice. Chapter Three looks at the deeper significance of Lucretius’ use of foedus and its role in his therapeutic programme of correction. Driving this chapter is Lucretius’ exploitation of the etymological connection between the noun foedus (‘treaty’, ‘covenant’) and the adjective foedus, ‘foul’. Chapter Three is divided into two sections, each focusing on Lucretius’ masterful manipulation of foedus and its etymological roots – as well as generic expectations and language in general –first for polemical purposes, then for therapeutic / Graduate / ltee.323@gmail.com

手稿本. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Shou gao ben. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue.

Thesis (M.A. (African Languages)) --University of Limpopo, 2013 / Refer to the document