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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

A good start in life revisiting racial and ethnic disparities in health outcomes at and after birth /

Ma, Sai. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--RAND Graduate School, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.
22

Envelhecer de migrantes no ambiente rural de Chapecó: “solo noi sapemo le cose que habemo passato" / Envelhecer de migrantes no ambiente rural de Chapecó: “solo noi sapemo le cose que habemo passato"

Tombini, Fátima Ferretti [UNIFESP] 22 February 2011 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-22 / No Brasil, o envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno relativamente novo e vem sendo colocado pela área das ciências humanas e sociais como um tema contemporâneo, desafiador e heterogêneo, visto que todos os fatores que interferem no âmbito da vida do ser humano, como sua história, seu aporte genético, sua cultura, meio ambiente e a sociedade onde viveu e conviveu constituem o processo de viver e envelhecer. Historicamente, as diversas sociedades construíram diferentes representações sobre a velhice e a posição social dos velhos, bem como, sobre o tratamento que lhes deve ser dispensado. Esses fatores fazem com que a velhice se constitua com significados distintos para cada ser humano, também dependendo do ambiente, seja rural ou urbano, no qual ele viveu. Esse estudo teve como tema a velhice no contexto rural de Chapecó, no oeste catarinense e os seguintes objetivos: Compreender os significados do processo de envelhecer no contexto rural da região de Chapecó por meio dos relatos de vida de migrantes rio-grandenses idosos e descrever o processo de migrar e colonizar o oeste catarinense a partir da década de 40, segundo as histórias de vida destes colonizadores. As opções metodológicas se deram mediante a relação e o tensionamento entre o campo e o objeto de pesquisa, nesse caso, respectivamente, o contexto rural do oeste catarinense e a velhice dos migrantes rio-grandense, colonizadores dessa região. Nesse sentido, a presente pesquisa foi realizada por meio da utilização do método história oral, do tipo História Oral de Vida. Observamos que a colonização em Santa Catarina se deu motivada essencialmente pelo acesso à terra, e que as empresas colonizadoras, atendendo aos objetivos do estado, buscavam, de alguma forma, trazer ordem e progresso para territórios esquecidos por ele. Essa tarefa foi confiada aos migrantes rio-grandenses que tinham uma organização de trabalho familiar para a produção de bens, especialmente, alimentos e matéria-prima para o mercado interno. O trabalho com a terra se constituía no elemento central da organização das vidas desses desbravadores. Nesse processo de colonizar, outras populações foram excluídas, nesse caso caboclos e indígenas. Entre os significados construídos em torno de viver e envelhecer nesse território estão o trabalho, enquanto marca central da identidade do desbravador e desbravadora, a saúde, enquanto um bem necessário para viver a velhice de forma plena, a família, a vizinhança e os amigos, enquanto rede de apoio que favoreceu a permanência dos idosos no meio rural, a religiosidade, enquanto uma dimensão central da vida dos desbravadores e a necessidade de conviver com a percepção de velho que está no olhar do outro. Os idosos desse estudo viveram no ambiente rural com reconhecimento pelo progresso que trouxeram à região, o lhes confere um papel social até os dias de hoje e impregna sua vida de sentidos e significados positivos. / TEDE
23

The effect of dietary estimates calculated using food frequency questionnaires on micronuclei formation in European pregnant women: a NewGeneris study

Vande Loock, K., Botsivali, M., Zangogianni, M., Anderson, Diana, Baumgartner, Adolf, Fthenou, E., Chatzi, L., Marcos, R., Agramunt, S., Namork, E., Granum, B., Knudsen, L.E., Nielssen, J.K.S., Meltzer, H.M., Haugen, M., Kyrtopoulos, S.A., Decordier, I., Plas, G., Roelants, M., Merlo, F., Kleinjans, J.C., Kogevinas, M., Kirsch-Volders, M. 07 October 2014 (has links)
No / The use of biomarkers of early genetic effects, predictive for cancer, such as micronuclei (MN) in lymphocytes, may help to investigate the association between diet and cancer. We hypothesised that the presence of mutagens in the diet may increase MN formation. A 'pooled' standardised analysis was performed by applying the same experimental protocol for the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay in 625 young healthy women after delivery from five European study populations (Greece, Denmark, UK, Spain and Norway). We assessed MN frequencies in mono- and binucleated T-lymphocytes (MNMONO and MNBN) and the cytokinesis blocked proliferation index using a semi-automated image analysis system. Food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were used to estimate intake of fatty acids and a broad range of immunotoxic and genotoxic/carcinogenic compounds through the diet. Pooled difference based on delivery type revealed higher MNMONO frequencies in caesarean than in vaginal delivery (P = 0.002). Statistical analysis showed a decrease in MNMONO frequencies with increasing calculated omega-6 PUFA concentrations and a decrease in MNBN frequencies with increasing calculated omega-3 PUFA concentrations. The expected toxic compounds estimated by FFQs were not associated with MN formation in mothers after delivery. In pregnant women, an omega-3 and -6 rich diet estimated by FFQ is associated with lower MN formation during pregnancy and delivery.
24

Características clínicas e laboratoriais de pacientes afro-brasileiros com esclerose sistêmica / Clinical and laboratory features of African-Brazilian patients with systemic sclerosis

Silva, Cristiane Mendes da 20 March 2019 (has links)
Introdução: Os afro-brasileiros compreendem um grupo de negros e pardos com uma ancestralidade diversa. Como as diferenças raciais podem estar associadas a apresentações distintas, torna-se relevante realizar uma análise de associações clínicas e sorológicas de pacientes afro-brasileiros com esclerose sistêmica (ES). Objetivos: Analisar a apresentação clínica e laboratorial, características demográficas e sobrevida dos afro-brasileiros com ES. Métodos: Foram avaliados soros de 260 pacientes adultos com ES (57 afro-brasileiros e 203 brancos). Pacientes com síndromes de sobreposição foram excluídos. Dados clínicos e demográficos foram obtidos de um banco de dados de registros eletrônicos. A análise laboratorial incluiu anti-CENP-A/ CENP-B, Scl70, RNA polimerase III, Ku, fibrilarina, Th/To, PM/Scl75 e PM/Scl100 por line imunoblotting e anticorpos antinucleares por imunofluorescência indireta em células HEp-2. Resultados: Em relação aos brancos, os pacientes afro-brasileiros com ES apresentaram menor tempo de doença (9,0±5,4 anos vs. 11,3±7,5 anos, P=0,001), maior frequência do padrão nucleolar (28% vs. 13%, P=0,008) e menores frequências do padrão centromérico (14% vs. 29%, P=0,026) e CENP-B (18% vs. 34%, P=0,017). Comparações adicionais entre grupos étnicos de acordo com a forma clínica revelaram que pacientes afro-brasileiros com ES difusa apresentaram maior frequência de hipertensão pulmonar (P=0,017), envolvimento cardíaco (P=0,037), padrão nucleolar (P=0,036) e anticorpos antifibrilarina (P=0,037). De maneira diferente foi observado para a forma limitada apenas uma menor frequência de envolvimento esofágico (P=0,050) e padrão centromérico (P=0,049). A análise de sobrevida mostrou que os afro-brasileiros apresentaram maior mortalidade quando ajustados para sexo e forma clínica (risco relativo 3,65; intervalo de confiança de 95% 1,05-12,62, P=0,041). Conclusão: Os pacientes afro-brasileiros com ES, apesar de sua forte impressão de ancestralidade europeia, apresentam características distintas de acordo com a forma clínica e uma doença mais grave do que os brancos, com um padrão muito semelhante ao descrito para negros de outros países / Introduction: African-Brazilians comprise a group of blacks and \"pardos\" with a diverse ancestry. As racial differences can be associated with distinct presentations, it becomes relevant to assess the clinical and serological associations of African-Brazilians with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Objectives: To analyze clinical and laboratory presentation, demographic features and survival of Afro-Brazilians with SSc. Methods: Sera from 260 adult SSc patients (57 African-Brazilians and 203 whites) were evaluated. Patients with overlap syndromes were excluded. Clinical and demographic data were obtained from an electronic register database. Laboratory analysis included: anti-CENPA/CENP-B, Scl70, RNA polymerase III, Ku, fibrillarin, Th/To, PM/Scl75 and PM/Scl100 by line immunoassay and antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells. Results: In relation to whites, African-Brazilian patients with SSc presented shorter disease duration (9.0±5.4 years vs. 11.3±7.5 years, P=0.001), higher frequency of nucleolar pattern (28% vs. 13%, P=0.008) and lower frequencies of centromeric pattern (14% vs. 29%, P=0.026) and CENP-B (18% vs. 34%, P=0.017). Further comparison of ethnic groups according to subsets revealed that African-Brazilian patients with diffuse SSc presented higher frequency of pulmonary hypertension (P=0.017), heart involvement (P=0.037), nucleolar pattern (P=0.036) and anti-fibrillarin antibodies (P=0.037). A different pattern was observed for the limited subset with solely a lower frequency of esophageal involvement (P=0.050) and centromeric pattern (P=0.049). Survival analysis showed that African-Brazilians had a higher mortality, when adjusted for gender and clinical subset (relative risk 3.65, confidence interval 95% 1.05-12.62, P=0.041). Conclusion: African-Brazilian patients with SSc, despite their strong imprint of European ancestry, have distinct characteristics according to clinical subset and an overall more severe disease than whites, with a pattern very similar to the described for blacks from other countries
25

Association between glycemic index and glycemic load and the risk of incident coronary heart disease among Whites and African Americans with and without type 2 diabetes : the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study /

Hardy, Dale Sharon. Hoelscher, Deanna M., Aragaki, Corinne, Boerwinkle, Eric, Hardy, Robert J., January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 2008. / "May 2008." Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: B, page: 0912. Adviser: Deanna M. Hoelscher. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-149).
26

Genetic Variation and Expression of the IRF5 Gene in Autoimmune Diseases /

Kristjansdottir, Gudlaug Thora, January 2009 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
27

Genetic Variation and Expression of the IRF5 Gene in Autoimmune Diseases

Kristjansdottir, Gudlaug Thora, January 2009 (has links)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
28

Atypical depression, body mass, and left vetricular mass analysis of data from CARDIA /

Schwartz, Sari D. January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.S.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).
29

Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder : definitions of attractiveness among african american and caucasion women /

Davis, Dawnavan Scott. Scott Davis, Dawnavan. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).
30

Predictors of taste acuity in healthy older Europeans

Simpson, E.E.A., Rae, G., Parr, H.J., O'Connor, J.M., Bonham, M., Polito, A., Meunier, N., Andriollo-Sanchez, M., Intorre, F., Coudray, C., Strain, J.J., Stewart-Knox, Barbara January 2012 (has links)
This study aimed to identify factors associated with taste acuity in healthy older European adults aged 55-87 years, employing a factorial independent design to recruit older adults from centres in France, Italy and United Kingdom. Adults aged 70-87 years (N=387) were recruited in Rome (Italy) (n=108) and Grenoble (France) (n=91) and aged 55-70 years in Northern Ireland (United Kingdom) (n=93) and Clermont-Ferrand (C-F) (France) (n=95). A signal detection theory (SDT) approach was used for detection threshold assessment of the four basic tastes (salt; sweet; bitter; and, sour). Trial data were converted to R-indices. Diet was assessed by means of four day food diaries. Dietary data were converted using WISP and then reduced, using a principal components analysis, to four components: Component 1 'high fat and salt'; Component 2 'high vitamins and fibre'; Component 3 'high fat and carbohydrate'; and, Component 4 'high trace elements'. Socio-demographic information was collected by self report survey. Four separate regression analyses were carried out, one for each of the four basic taste qualities (sweet; sour; bitter; salt). Mean ROC scores for each taste quality were the response variables and age, sex, country, social class and dietary components were predictor variables. The main predictors of taste acuity were age, sex, social class and country, which had differential effects for each taste quality. These data suggest that socio-demographic and cultural factors should be taken into account when considering taste acuity in older people.

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