[pt] discurso escatológico seminal de Jesus, presente em Mc 13, traz em seu corpo algumas descrições de abalo cósmico, guerras e tribulações que não deixam nada a desejar se comparado às melhores produções cinematográficas e literárias da atualidade. Este cenário apocalíptico é explorado exegeticamente nesta pesquisa, tomando como objeto material Mc 13,24-27. A motivação para a escolha da perícope se deve ao interesse do autor pelo campo que investiga o uso das fontes bíblicas e extrabíblicas na narrativa evangélica; e justifica-se pela incipiente produção acadêmica que versa sobre o fenômeno da intertextualidade em Marcos. O problema da pesquisa parte da seguinte indagação: quais as contribuições da análise intertextual em Mc 13,24-27? Diante desse questionamento, o objetivo geral do trabalho visa apresentar as contribuições da análise intertextual a partir dos textos-fonte e contextuais utilizados em Mc 13,24-27. Para alcançar tal objetivo, o estudo terá como objetivos específicos: descrever o contexto literário de Mc 13; realizar a análise exegética do objeto material pelo método histórico-crítico; investigar os pressupostos hermenêuticos e como a exegese bíblica era empregada no período apostólico; e, por fim, examinar a intertextualidade entre os textos-fonte e contextuais que compõem Mc 13,24-27. O trabalho pretende despertar a atenção para o uso das diversas fontes que entraram ou podem ter entrado em contato com os autores do Novo Testamento e, de certo modo, influenciado na releitura do Antigo Testamento. / [en] The seminal eschatological discourse of Jesus, present in Mc 13, brings in his body some descriptions of cosmic upheaval, wars and tribulations that can be equally compared to a Hollywood production or literary story of today. This apocalyptic scenario is explored exegetically in this research, taking Mc 13,24-27 as material object. The motivation for choosing the pericope is due to the author s interest in the field that investigates the use of biblical and extra-biblical sources in the evangelical narrative; and it is justified by the incipient academic production that deals with the phenomenon of intertextuality in Marcos. The research problem starts from the following question: what are the contributions of the intertextual analysis in Mc 13,24-27? In view of this questioning, the general objective of the study aims to present the contributions of intertextual analysis based on the source and contextual texts used in Mc 13,24-27. To achieve this objective, the study will have as specific objectives: to describe the literary context of Mc 13; perform the exegetical analysis of the material object by the historical-critical method; investigate hermeneutic assumptions and how biblical exegesis was used in the apostolic period; and, finally, to examine the intertextuality between the source and contextual texts that make up Mc 13,24-27. The work intends to draw attention to the use of the various sources that got or may got in touch with the authors of the New Testament and, in a way, influenced the reinterpretation of the Old Testament.

[pt] A presente dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo sobre o Espírito Santo Paráclêtos e as suas funções, delimitado na perícope Jo 16,4b-15, situada dentro do quadro dos capítulos Jo 13–17 intitulado de discurso de despedida. Nesta perícope são descritas as funções exercidas pelo Paráclêtos, as quais são específicas, inconfundíveis e não mencionadas nos outros logions sobre o Paráclêtos delimitados em Jo 14,15-17; Jo 14,25-26 e Jo 15,26-27. No entanto, para o aprofundamento desse tema, foi necessário o aprofundamento das questões que envolvem o Quarto Evangelho, no que concerne: à formação do Evangelho, às vertentes teológicas, à relação entre o Discípulo Amado e o autor, ao lugar de origem, as hipóteses da composição, bem como aos contextos que influenciaram o pensamento joanino, assuntos estes denominados questão joanina. Sendo assim, a partir deste aporte desenvolveu-se a exegese da perícope, tendo como pergunta norteadora: como entender a necessidade da partida de Jesus para que o Paráclêtos seja enviado (cf. Jo 16,7)? Sobre essa questão é estabelecida a inter-relação entre a missão do Filho e a missão do Paráclêtos, bem como o fato de que nas narrativas sobre o envio do Paráclêtos, ora é o Pai, que envia mediante a intercessão de Jesus (cf. Jo 14,16.26), ora é o Filho, que envia de junto do Pai (cf. Jo 15,26; Jo 16,7). Para o alcance à resposta desse questionamento, realizou-se a aplicação do método histórico-crítico e a investigação de obras de autores modernos, chegando à conclusão, por meio desses instrumentos, de que há uma inter-relação entre a missão do Filho e a Missão do Paráclêtos, isto é, o Espírito dá continuidade à obra do Filho por meio do testemunho dos discípulos. / [en] This dissertation aims to study about the Holy Spirit-Paraclete and its functions, as described in Jn 16,4b-15, situated within the framework of the chapters 13–17 titled farewell speech . This pericope describes the duties performed by the Paraclete, which are specific, unmistakable, and are not mentioned in the other logions about the Paraclete in Jn 14,15-17; Jn 14,25-26; Jn 15,26-27. However, for the further development of this subject, the deepening of the issues surrounding the Fourth Gospel was necessary, regarding: the formation of the Gospel, the theological aspects, the relationship between the Beloved and the author, place of origin, the hypotheses of the composition, as well as the context that influenced the Johannine thought, all of which called Ioannina Issue . Thus, from this contribution we developed the exegesis of the pericope, with the guiding question: How can one understand that the departure of Jesus was necessary for the Paraclete to be sent (cf. Jn 16,7)? This is a question upon which the interrelationship between the Son s mission and the mission of the Paraclete is established, as well as the fact that the narratives about the sending of the Paraclete, oftentimes it is the Father who sends through the intercession of Jesus (cf. Jn 14,16.26), oftentimes it is the Son who sends the Paraclete from the nearness of the Father (cf. Jn 15,26; Jn 16,7). To reach the answer of this question, there was the application of the historical-critical method and the research works of modern authors, which led to the conclusion that that there is an interrelationship between the Son s mission and the mission of the Paraclete, that is, the Spirit continues the Son s work through the witness of the disciples.

Jesus' story has been retold in various forms and fashions for centuries. Jesus novels, a subset of the historical fiction genre, are one of the latest means of not only re-imagining the man from Galilee but also of rewriting the canonical Gospels. This thesis explores the Christological portraits constructed in four of those novels while also using the novels to examine the intertextual play of these Gospel rewrites with their Gospel progenitors. Chapter 1 offers a prolegomenon to the act of fictionalizing Jesus that discusses the relationship between the person and his portraits and the hermeneutical circle created by these texts as they both rewrite the Gospels and stimulate a rereading of them. It also establishes the "preposterous" methodology that will be used when reexamining the Gospels "post" reading the novels. Chapters 2 to 5 offer four case studies of "complementing" and "competing" novels and the techniques they use to achieve these aims: Anne Rice's Christ the Lord: Out of Egypt; Neil Boyd's The Hidden Years; Nino Ricci's Testament; and José Saramago's The Gospel according to Jesus Christ. Chapter 6 begins an examination of a specific interpretive circle based upon Jesus' temptation in the wilderness. Beginning with the synoptic accounts of that event, the chapter then turns to how Jesus' testing has been reinterpreted and presented in two of the novels. Returning to the Gospel of Matthew's version of the Temptation, chapter 7 offers a "preposterous" examination of that pericope, which asks novel questions of the text and its role with Matthew's narrative context based on issues raised by the Gospel rewrites. The thesis concludes by suggesting that Jesus novels, already important examples of the reception history of the Gospels, can also play a helpful role in re-interpreting the Gospels themselves.