The primary objective of this study was to determine the social impact of arts festivals with reference to the ABSA KKNK. This goal was achieved by firstly analysing the social impact phenomena and the role thereof in events tourism. Secondly, a literature study was conducted in order to examine events as tourism products. Thirdly the results of the empirical research were discussed. Lastly conclusions were drawn from the research and recommendations were made with regard to the social impact of events as well as further research. From the literature, social impact was defined as the changes in the norms and values of society that are more apparent in the short-term. It was noted that when tourists vacate to a specific destination, visible impacts are noticed. Events can however provide employment opportunities, promote international peace and pride, as well as promote educational and cultural experiences but it can also lead to increased levels of irritation, crime, drug and alcohol abuse and cultural change. These positive and negative impacts were measured in the questionnaire, as adapted from Fredline and it was therefore the objective of the questionnaire to measure whether the community is positive or negative towards the festival, and whether there were any differences in the social impact when comparing the results of 2006 and 2007. The questionnaires were distributed in the community of Oudtshoorn based on a stratified sampling method followed by a random sampling method. A total of 444 questionnaires were completed, 179 in 2006 and 265 in 2007. On a positive note respondents agreed on the following aspects in 2006 and 2007: the public money spent on the ABSA KKNK would be better spent on other things, media coverage of the ABSA KKNK promotes development in Oudtshoorn and the basic skill base for event management in Oudtshoorn has increased. On a negative note respondents agreed on the following aspects in 2006 and 2007: ordinary residents get no say in the planning and management of the festival and traffic congestion is a problem. The positive impact has increased from 2006 to 2007. Two factor analyses were performed to determine the social impact factors in order to determine differences in the social impact of 2006 and 2007. The first analysis resulted in nine factors which accounted for 56.85% of the total variance and were labeled as: community issues, damage to the environment, community activities, local business and community opportunities, pricing, public facilities, traffic, disturbances and visitors. The second analysis resulted in three factors that accounted for 44.22% of the total variance and were labelled according to similar characteristics which included: community opportunities, community problems and community image. Means and standards deviations were determined after which the effect sizes were determined to explore the differences between the social impact for 2006 and 2007 on the dimensions of the various factors as determined in the factor analysis. It is clear that a small effect (0.2-0.4) exists between 2006 and 2007 concerning local business opportunities (0.25), pricing of goods (0.24), community activities (0.35), public facilities (0.39) and community activities (0.48). There were therefore no huge differences in the social impact between 2006 and 2007. / Thesis (M.Com. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

The primary objective of this study was to determine the social impact of arts festivals with reference to the ABSA KKNK. This goal was achieved by firstly analysing the social impact phenomena and the role thereof in events tourism. Secondly, a literature study was conducted in order to examine events as tourism products. Thirdly the results of the empirical research were discussed. Lastly conclusions were drawn from the research and recommendations were made with regard to the social impact of events as well as further research. From the literature, social impact was defined as the changes in the norms and values of society that are more apparent in the short-term. It was noted that when tourists vacate to a specific destination, visible impacts are noticed. Events can however provide employment opportunities, promote international peace and pride, as well as promote educational and cultural experiences but it can also lead to increased levels of irritation, crime, drug and alcohol abuse and cultural change. These positive and negative impacts were measured in the questionnaire, as adapted from Fredline and it was therefore the objective of the questionnaire to measure whether the community is positive or negative towards the festival, and whether there were any differences in the social impact when comparing the results of 2006 and 2007. The questionnaires were distributed in the community of Oudtshoorn based on a stratified sampling method followed by a random sampling method. A total of 444 questionnaires were completed, 179 in 2006 and 265 in 2007. On a positive note respondents agreed on the following aspects in 2006 and 2007: the public money spent on the ABSA KKNK would be better spent on other things, media coverage of the ABSA KKNK promotes development in Oudtshoorn and the basic skill base for event management in Oudtshoorn has increased. On a negative note respondents agreed on the following aspects in 2006 and 2007: ordinary residents get no say in the planning and management of the festival and traffic congestion is a problem. The positive impact has increased from 2006 to 2007. Two factor analyses were performed to determine the social impact factors in order to determine differences in the social impact of 2006 and 2007. The first analysis resulted in nine factors which accounted for 56.85% of the total variance and were labeled as: community issues, damage to the environment, community activities, local business and community opportunities, pricing, public facilities, traffic, disturbances and visitors. The second analysis resulted in three factors that accounted for 44.22% of the total variance and were labelled according to similar characteristics which included: community opportunities, community problems and community image. Means and standards deviations were determined after which the effect sizes were determined to explore the differences between the social impact for 2006 and 2007 on the dimensions of the various factors as determined in the factor analysis. It is clear that a small effect (0.2-0.4) exists between 2006 and 2007 concerning local business opportunities (0.25), pricing of goods (0.24), community activities (0.35), public facilities (0.39) and community activities (0.48). There were therefore no huge differences in the social impact between 2006 and 2007. / Thesis (M.Com. (Tourism))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.

Under denna studie så hade författarna ett uppdrag från en uppdragsgivare som var att skapa en ny agil projektmetod åt denna, för att främja deras arbete med ett projekt som de genomför årligen, som heter Jobb Shop. Projektet hade under det senaste genomförandet inte genomförts med hjälp av någon särskild projektmetod. Författarna till denna studie skapade under arbetets gång en specifik agil metod åt uppdragsgivaren som de kan använda under kommande år vid genomförandet av Jobb Shop. Vid sidan av detta så gjorde författarna även en metaanalys av den nya metoden där de studerade hur den nya agila arbetsmetoden, rent teoretiskt, kan främja kreativitet och innovation. Resultatet av studien visade att den teoretiska grunden för ovanstående fråga var god, och de drog slutsatsen att agila metoder, teoretiskt sett, mycket väl kan främja kreativitet och innovation. / During this study the authors had an assignment from a client which was creating a new Agile project methodology for the client, to promote their work on the project they undertake annually, named Jobb Shop. The project had during the last execution not been implemented by means of a specific project methodology. During this process the authors of this study created a specific agile methodology for the client that they can use in future years in the implementation of Jobb Shop. Alongside this, the authors also did a meta-analysis of the new method in which they studied how the new agile method, theoretically, can promote creativity and innovation. The results of the study showed that the theoretical basis for the above question was good, and they concluded that agile methods, theoretically, may well promote creativity and innovation.

Frequency monitoring network (FNET) is a GPS-synchronized distribution-level phasor measurement system. It is a powerful synchronized monitoring network for large-area power systems that provides significant information and data for power system situational awareness, real time and post-event analysis, and other important aspects of bulk systems. This work explored FNET measurements and utilized them for different applications and power system analysis. An island system was built and validated with FNET measurements to study the stability of the OTEC integration. FNET measurements were also used to validate a large system model like the U.S. Eastern Interconnection. It tries to match the simulation result and frequency measurement of a real event by adjusting the simulation model. The system model is tuned with the combination of different impact factors for different confirmed actual events, and some general rules and specific tuning quantities were concluded from the model validation process. This work also investigated the behavior of the power system frequency during large-scale, synchronous societal events, like the World Cup, Super Bowl and Royal Wedding. It is apparent that large groups of people engaging in the same event at roughly the same time can have significant impacts on the power grid frequency. The systematic analysis of the accumulating and statistical FNET frequency data presents an incisive point of view on the power grid frequency behavior during such events. To better understanding of system events recorded by FNET, a visualization tool was developed to visualize major events that occurred in the North American power grid. The measurement plot combined with the geographical contour map provides intuitive visualization of the event. Finally, the EI system was simplified and clustered into four groups based on FNET measurements and simulation results of generator trip cases. The generation and load capacity of each cluster was calculated based on the clustering result and simulation model, and a flow diagram of this simplified EI system was demonstrated with clusters and power flow between them.

Univ., Diss. u.d.T.: Brunner-Sperdin, Alexandra: Qualitätsmanagement in der Erlebnisökonomie--Innsbruck, 2006. / Literaturverz. S. 187 - 199.

Zugl.: Göttingen, Universiẗat, Diss., 2008.

Zugl.: Konstanz, Universiẗat, Diss., 2008.

abstract: Social media platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and blogs have emerged as valuable - in fact, the de facto - virtual town halls for people to discover, report, share and communicate with others about various types of events. These events range from widely-known events such as the U.S Presidential debate to smaller scale, local events such as a local Halloween block party. During these events, we often witness a large amount of commentary contributed by crowds on social media. This burst of social media responses surges with the "second-screen" behavior and greatly enriches the user experience when interacting with the event and people's awareness of an event. Monitoring and analyzing this rich and continuous flow of user-generated content can yield unprecedentedly valuable information about the event, since these responses usually offer far more rich and powerful views about the event that mainstream news simply could not achieve. Despite these benefits, social media also tends to be noisy, chaotic, and overwhelming, posing challenges to users in seeking and distilling high quality content from that noise. In this dissertation, I explore ways to leverage social media as a source of information and analyze events based on their social media responses collectively. I develop, implement and evaluate EventRadar, an event analysis toolbox which is able to identify, enrich, and characterize events using the massive amounts of social media responses. EventRadar contains three automated, scalable tools to handle three core event analysis tasks: Event Characterization, Event Recognition, and Event Enrichment. More specifically, I develop ET-LDA, a Bayesian model and SocSent, a matrix factorization framework for handling the Event Characterization task, i.e., modeling characterizing an event in terms of its topics and its audience's response behavior (via ET-LDA), and the sentiments regarding its topics (via SocSent). I also develop DeMa, an unsupervised event detection algorithm for handling the Event Recognition task, i.e., detecting trending events from a stream of noisy social media posts. Last, I develop CrowdX, a spatial crowdsourcing system for handling the Event Enrichment task, i.e., gathering additional first hand information (e.g., photos) from the field to enrich the given event's context. Enabled by EventRadar, it is more feasible to uncover patterns that have not been explored previously and re-validating existing social theories with new evidence. As a result, I am able to gain deep insights into how people respond to the event that they are engaged in. The results reveal several key insights into people's various responding behavior over the event's timeline such the topical context of people's tweets does not always correlate with the timeline of the event. In addition, I also explore the factors that affect a person's engagement with real-world events on Twitter and find that people engage in an event because they are interested in the topics pertaining to that event; and while engaging, their engagement is largely affected by their friends' behavior. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Computer Science 2014

The aim of this essay is to examine how the Internet functions as a communication channel to Event Marketing. We have investigated what makes the Internet unique as a communication channel for events and how Internet has been used for event marketing. We have mapped fundamental theories within marketing, media, communications and human-computer interaction, which together describe event marketing. We have carried out case studies on two event-marketing projects where the Internet has played a major role. The first project was XCT which is a project developed by the company Eventum AB. The second project we used as a case study was TelecomCity-Live developed by the company Wildell Intergrerad Kommunikation. Information has mainly been gathered through qualitative interviews. In conclusion we found that the Internet is used as a complementary communication channel to Event Marketing. The Internet can in a unique way extend the event. Furthermore it is easier to communicate and interact with the target group. Internet is also a more cost effective communication channel than traditional communication channels such as mail outs. We also found that the capabilities of the Internet are not fully used since companies have not yet got the knowledge of its technical value and possibilities.

Det råder hård konkurrens inom eventbranschen, eventbyråerna måste ständigt förbättras för att vinna nya och behålla befintliga kunder. Inom eventmarknadsföring är syftet ofta att ändra attityder och känslor hos deltagarna och för att veta huruvida en ändring har skett behöver effekten mätas. Genom denna rapport har jag studerat i vilken utsträckning effektmätning sker inom eventbranschen. Till min förvåning kom jag fram till att det är sällan som effekten mäts. Framförallt för att det är kostsamt att anlita ett marknadsundersökningsföretag, men också för att det är tidskrävande. För att råda bot på detta krävs en metod som är smidig, lättförståelig och kostnadseffektiv för alla inblandade. Denna rapport syftar till att undersöka varför effektmätning sällan används, men jag har även studerat effektmätning inom reklambranschen för att se eventuella likheter. Jag redovisar för en möjlig metod som är anpassad för att användas via smartphones. Metoden, som framförallt är prövad för att mäta den kortsiktiga effekten, är lättförståelig, smidig och kostnadseffektiv att använda. / The competition in the event industry is tough; the event agencies have to work hard to keep customers. Event marketing is partly about changing the receivers’ attitudes about a specific topic. The only way to find out whether attitudes have been changed is to measure the effects of the event. This report discusses in what way event agencies evaluate the effect of their events. I came to the conclusion that it is not common for event agencies to measure the effect. The reason is mostly because it is expensive to hire a company that does it, but also because it takes a lot of time. The solution is to define a method for evaluation that is simple, flexible and inexpensive for everyone involved. Even though this report is about evaluation in the event industry, I also look at evaluation in the advertising business, to find possible similarities. The outcome is a possible solution used for smartphones. One possible method to use is called Telia Mobil Respons and it is both easy to understand and manage, but also cost effective.