Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Stroke is a sudden and devastating medical condition. People who experience a stroke tend to have long-term physical limitations including impaired walking as part of the ongoing consequences of stroke. While a variety of rehabilitation interventions have demonstrated efficacy for improving walking after stroke, none of the interventions have emerged as superior, and prior to this study, therapeutic-yoga had not been tested as an intervention to improve walking recovery after stroke. METHODS: This study was a secondary data analysis of group therapeutic-yoga on walking recovery measures including walking speed, walking distance, and spatiotemporal step parameter symmetry. The walking recovery measures were collected as secondary outcomes in a sub-sample (n=12) in a pilot randomized controlled study (n=47) designed to test the efficacy of 8-weeks of group therapeutic-yoga on balance and fear of falling. Participants in the current study completed 12-weeks of group therapeutic yoga with outcome assessments at baseline, 8-weeks, and 12-weeks. The main analysis was repeated measures ANOVA to assess the main effect of time with additional analyses including effect sizes, percent of participants achieving change greater than or equal to minimal detectable change (MDC), and mean change score comparisons between baseline and 8-weeks, 8-weeks and 12-weeks, and baseline and 12-weeks. RESULTS: Twelve people with chronic stroke enrolled in the study with 9 completing the intervention and all 3 assessments. No significant main effect of time was found on any of the variables of interest. Walking distance demonstrated a trend toward significant change (p=0.064) and step length symmetry demonstrated significant change (p=0.05) between baseline and 12-weeks. Several spatiotemporal step parameter symmetry ratios demonstrated small to medium effect sizes with the majority (91%) being a negative effect. CONCLUSION: Twelve weeks of group therapeutic-yoga appears to be feasible in a population of people with chronic stroke. Walking distance and step parameter symmetry should be tested in a larger sample. An improved understanding of the impact, progression, and remediation of walking asymmetry is needed.

Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2012. / Lateral epicondylalgia (L.E) is a common diagnosis in elbow pathology. The aetiology is poorly understood but it is generally accepted to be as a result of repetitive microtrauma, affecting the proximal end of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon. Elbow bracing and exercise modification are often utilised by sufferers in order to reduce symptoms. In addition, there have been multiple treatment regimes used in practice to treat L.E, but none has stood out as being more effective than another. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relative clinical effectiveness of therapeutic exercises alone and in combination with orthotic bracing, in terms of subjective and objective clinical findings. Methods This stratified, quantitative, prospective clinical trial consisted of two equal groups (n=15) diagnosed with L.E. Group One consisted of a strengthening and stretching programme alone, and Group Two consisted of a combination of the same programme and an orthotic brace. The participants performed the programme daily at home for six weeks, and the brace was worn throughout the day for six weeks. Each participant was assessed before, during and after the programme, in terms of subjective and objective clinical data which was then statistically analysed using SPSS version 18. Repeated measures ANOVA testing was also used to compare the outcomes between the groups over the time points. Results Both groups showed significant statistical improvement in terms of all the outcome measures. The groups also showed a clinically significant improvement for all the outcome measures except pressure pain threshold where Group Two showed clinically significant improvement over Group One. v Conclusion The results show that there was negligible benefit when combining an orthotic brace with therapeutic exercises as opposed to performing the therapeutic exercises alone.

Patient satisfaction is one of the indicators of the quality of care being given to the users of a service. It can also be used as benchmarks for ensuring the delivery of quality physiotherapy services in health facilities. Physiotherapists have been involved in treatment of persons suffering from low back pain for decades. Treatment approaches are varied, but all have the common goals of pain relief, rehabilitation, and prevention of recurrence of low back pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the satisfaction of low back pain sufferers with the physiotherapy services they receive. The study was carried out in selected public hospitals in Nairobi and the Central Province in Kenya.

The aim of this study was to determine assessment and treatment choices of physiotherapists treating non-specific low back pain in Rwanda. The main objectives were to identify the common types of low back pain treated by physiotherapists, to determine the

<p>Neck pain is a common health problem affecting the general population and it can be associated with significant activity limitation, It contributes to a number of lost work days and high costs in its management. The purpose of this study was to identify the trends in the physiotherapy management of patients suffering from episodes of neck pain at the physiotherapy department of the Muhimbiki Orthopaedic Institute (MOI), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.</p>

D.Litt. et Phil. / South Africa is currently entering a phase of increased international sport participation. Apart from the fact that due to isolation the country has fallen behind in this regard, sport is currently also one of the biggest industries, and it may thus play an important role in the country's economy. Road running has been one of the country's most popular sports for quite some time now. It has already been determined that relaxation may possibly be one of the most important sport psychological components for success in road running. A specific relaxation exercise through which road athletes' performances in races may possibly be improved does not exist. It would thus be necessary to develop such a relaxation exercise and to determine its effect on road athletes' performances in a specific race ...

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar o efeito da adição de exercícios de controle motor da escápula a um programa de exercícios de fortalecimento convencional em desfechos clínicos, força muscular e amplitude de movimento em pacientes com síndrome do impacto subacromial. Métodos: Sessenta pacientes com SIS foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos distintos: fortalecimento ou exercícios focalizados na escápula de controle motor. As intervenções foram realizadas três vezes por semana durante oito semanas. Função, dor, cinesiofobia, efeito percebido global, satisfação com o tratamento, força muscular, amplitude de movimento e posição da escápula foram medidos antes da intervenção (baseline), 4 semanas após o início, no final da intervenção (8 semanas após o início) e 16 semanas após a linha de base. A dor e a função do ombro foram avaliadas pela versão brasileira do Índice de Dor e Incapacidade no Ombro (SPADI-Br). Um avaliador cego para a atribuição de grupo mediu todos os resultados. Não houve diferenças entre os grupos nos desfechos primário e secundário. Em conclusão, a adição de exercícios de controle motor ao fortalecimento muscular forneceu pouco valor agregado para melhora da função e da dor em pacientes com SIS / The objective of the study was investigate the effect of adding scapula motor control exercises to a program of conventional strengthening exercises in clinical outcomes, muscle strength and range of motion in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. Methods: Sixty patients with SIS were randomly allocated in two different groups: strengthening or motor control scapula-focused exercises. The interventions were performed three times a week for eight weeks. Function, pain, kinesiophobia, global perceived effect, satisfaction with treatment, muscle strength, range of motion and scapula position were measured before intervention (baseline), 4 weeks after baseline, at the end of intervention (8 weeks after baseline) and 16 weeks after baseline. Shoulder pain and function were assessed by the Brazilian version of Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI-Br). An assessor blinded to group assignment measured all outcomes. There were no between-group differences in primary and secondary outcomes. In conclusion, the addition of motor control exercises to strengthening treatment provides little-added value regarding improving function or pain in patients with SIS.

A asma é uma doença inflamatória crônica das vias aéreas caracterizada por obstrução reversível, inflamação e hiperresponsividade a diversos estímulos. O exercício, seja ele de caráter aeróbio ou respiratório, é muito utilizado no tratamento de pacientes asmáticos, porém, pouco se sabe sobre os benefícios desses exercícios no processo inflamatório e no manejo clínico dessa doença. Objetivo: Comparar o efeito do exercício aeróbio e respiratório no controle clínico, inflamação pulmonar e capacidade funcional de pacientes com asma persistente moderada ou grave. Métodos: Foram estudados 50 adultos asmáticos divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: aeróbio (GA; n=28) e respiratório (GR; n=22). O tratamento foi realizado em 2 sessões semanais, durante 3 meses, totalizando 24 sessões com duração de 40 minutos cada uma, sendo que o GA praticou exercício aeróbio em esteira ergométrica e o GR praticou exercícios respiratórios baseados na técnica de Yoga. Ambos os grupos participaram de um programa educacional constituído de 2 aulas antes do início das intervenções. Antes e após as intervenções foram avaliados: o controle clínico (Asthma Control Questionnaire - ACQ, Asthma Control Test - ACT e diário de sintomas), a inflamação pulmonar (celularidade no escarro e fração exalada de óxido nítrico - FeNO), a capacidade funcional (Incremental shuttle walking test) e a função pulmonar (espirometria). Foi utilizado o teste Komolgorov-Smirnov para verificar a normalidade dos dados e a análise de variância (ANOVA) de dois fatores com medidas repetidas, associado ao post hoc de Holm Sidak para comparar as diferenças entre e intra-grupos. Resultados: Houve melhora do controle clínico avaliado pelo ACQ apenas no GA (p < 0,05), assim como a diminuição na porcentagem de eosinófilos no escarro (p < 0,05) e o aumento nos dias livres de sintomas (p < 0,05). Ambos os grupos melhoraram o controle clínico avaliado pelo ACT e a capacidade funcional (p < 0,05). Conclusão: Esses resultados sugerem que ambos os exercícios proporcionam benefícios para pacientes com asma persistente moderada e grave, porém, o exercício aeróbio resultou em mais benefícios clínicos / Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway characterized by reversible obstruction, inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of various stimuli. Aerobic or breathing exercise, have been used on treatment of asthmatic patients, however, little is known about the benefits of these exercises in clinical management and inflammatory process of the disease. Objective: To compare the effect of aerobic and breathing exercise in clinical control, airway inflammation and functional capacity of patients with moderate or severe persistent asthma. Methods: 50 asthmatic adults were randomly divided into two groups: aerobic (AG; n = 28) and breathing group (BG, n = 22). The treatment was composed of two weekly sessions, during three months, totaling 24 sessions with duration of 40 minutes each. AG practiced aerobic exercise in a treadmill, while BG practiced breathing exercises based on Yoga technique. Both groups participated of an education program that consists of two classes before the interventions. Before and after the interventions were evaluated: clinical control (Asthma Control Questionnaire - ACQ, Asthma Control Test - ACT, and symptoms diary), airway inflammation (cellularity in sputum and fraction exhaled nitric oxide - FeNO), functional capacity (incremental shuttle walking test) and lung function (spirometry). It was used Komolgorov-Smirnov test to verify the normality of the data and analysis of variance two way with repeated measures (ANOVA), associated to post hoc of Holm Sidak to analize differences between and within groups. Results: There was improvement of clinical control evaluated by ACQ only in AG (p < 0.05), as a decrease in eosinophil percentage in sputum (p < 0.05) and an increase in free days of symptoms (p < 0,05). Both groups improved clinical control evaluated by ACT and functional capacity (p < 0.05). Conclusion: These data suggest that both exercises provide benefits to patients with moderate or severe persistent asthma, however, the aerobic exercise resulted in more clinical benefits

The purpose of this study was to determine if maximal aerobic exercise promotes BDNF expression in obese individuals. Plasma levels and the expression of BDNF in PBMCs were examined. 22 participants (10 obese, 12 non-obese) completed a V02max treadmill test and blood was obtained pre, post, and 1 and 2 hours into exercise recovery. Plasma and PBMCs were isolated and analyzed for BDNF via ELISA and Western blot techniques. A significant effect for time was observed for plasma BDNF (P= <0.00 1 ). Additionally, A significant group-by-time interaction was found from pre-to-RIH for BDNF expression in PBMCs (P= 0.046). Further, significant correlations were found between BMI and waist circumference (r= .91, P< 0.001), WHR (r= .51, P= 0.002) and Pre-to-RlH ratio (r=0.58, P=0.008). Young obese subject's BDNF response to maximal exercise was consistent with previous studies. Post-exercise BDNF expressed in PBMCs were significantly higher than rest suggesting immunological-neuroprotective interactions in the CNS. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar o efeito da adição de exercícios de controle motor da escápula a um programa de exercícios de fortalecimento convencional em desfechos clínicos, força muscular e amplitude de movimento em pacientes com síndrome do impacto subacromial. Métodos: Sessenta pacientes com SIS foram alocados aleatoriamente em dois grupos distintos: fortalecimento ou exercícios focalizados na escápula de controle motor. As intervenções foram realizadas três vezes por semana durante oito semanas. Função, dor, cinesiofobia, efeito percebido global, satisfação com o tratamento, força muscular, amplitude de movimento e posição da escápula foram medidos antes da intervenção (baseline), 4 semanas após o início, no final da intervenção (8 semanas após o início) e 16 semanas após a linha de base. A dor e a função do ombro foram avaliadas pela versão brasileira do Índice de Dor e Incapacidade no Ombro (SPADI-Br). Um avaliador cego para a atribuição de grupo mediu todos os resultados. Não houve diferenças entre os grupos nos desfechos primário e secundário. Em conclusão, a adição de exercícios de controle motor ao fortalecimento muscular forneceu pouco valor agregado para melhora da função e da dor em pacientes com SIS / The objective of the study was investigate the effect of adding scapula motor control exercises to a program of conventional strengthening exercises in clinical outcomes, muscle strength and range of motion in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. Methods: Sixty patients with SIS were randomly allocated in two different groups: strengthening or motor control scapula-focused exercises. The interventions were performed three times a week for eight weeks. Function, pain, kinesiophobia, global perceived effect, satisfaction with treatment, muscle strength, range of motion and scapula position were measured before intervention (baseline), 4 weeks after baseline, at the end of intervention (8 weeks after baseline) and 16 weeks after baseline. Shoulder pain and function were assessed by the Brazilian version of Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI-Br). An assessor blinded to group assignment measured all outcomes. There were no between-group differences in primary and secondary outcomes. In conclusion, the addition of motor control exercises to strengthening treatment provides little-added value regarding improving function or pain in patients with SIS.