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Magister Artium - MA (Psychology) / Post-apartheid South Africa has been marked by high levels of trauma resulting from exposure to violence. Many South Africans are therefore at risk for developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Despite a large body of research identifying various protective factors which may influence an individual's response to a traumatic event, a gap in South African research on the relationship between exposure to multiple traumatic experiences, protective factors and the development of PTSD was identified. Therefore, located within the systems theory framework, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between demographic characteristics, types of exposure to trauma and resilience associated with the development of posttraumatic stress (PTS) when there are multiple exposures to trauma. A quantitative, cross-sectional, exploratory study on 158 psychology students at the University of the Western Cape was undertaken. Using a non-random, convenience sampling method, data were collected by means of four self-report questionnaires namely; a biographical questionnaire, the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5), the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA), and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).

Telework is an emerging trend in the workplace today. According to recent estimates, almost nine million Americans work electronically from home and this number is expected to grow 10% to 20% per year for the next decade. The purpose of this study is to explore the perceived influence of mobile telework on aspects of work life and family life. A group of mobile teleworkers and an equivalent group of nonmobile workers were asked to respond to questions about their work life and family life (N=299). The data were analyzed from four perspectives: (a) comparison of mobile teleworker and nonmobile groups, (b) comparison of mobile teleworker subgroups, (c) perceptions of mobile teleworkers themselves, and (d) thematic content analysis of write-in comments. Results from all four data perspectives pointed to the positive influence of mobile telework on most aspects of work life. The exploratory data suggested that productivity/job effectiveness, morale/organizational commitment, and customer relationships were all perceived to have been positively influenced by mobile telework. This perceived positive influence was particularly pronounced for mobile teleworkers who had a dedicated home office with a door. In contrast, the data pointed to a neutral or negative perceived influence of mobile telework on company relationships, especially camaraderie. Exploratory data about the perceived influence of mobile telework on aspects of family life were also generally positive. However, the strength of this perceived influence was less than the influence reported on aspects of work. Though mobile teleworkers reported much greater flexibility in the timing and location of work, they did not report having an easier time balancing work life and family life. In write-in comments, some mobile teleworkers reported they were thriving because of the flexibility to balance their lives. Others reported they were struggling because flexibility blurred the boundaries between work life and family life. Overall, the perceived influence of mobile telework on home chores/child care, family relationships, and personal factors was somewhat positive, but generally weak. Parents with preschool-aged children reported a more positive influence on these aspects of family life. From this exploratory study it appears that, on the whole, mobile telework can positively influence aspects of both work life and family life. However, there are also potential pitfalls which must be dealt with if a mobile telework program is to be successful. Sound program design and training for employees and leaders are seen as essential and some suggestions are offered. The study of mobile telework is in its infancy, and additional research is needed to understand bow this new work form may influence aspects of the work/family interface.

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This bachelor's thesis is a qualitative exploratory study. The goal of this research is to learn more about the social integration of Nigerian immigrants in Malmo, Sweden. The study focuses on language because many prior studies have found it to be an important factor in social integration. Although there is a considerable body of studies on how language influences immigrant integration, most studies focus on the host society's perspective. There is less research on how immigrants themselves evaluate the function of language in their social integration. The four dimensions of the social integration theoretical framework proposed by Bosswick and Heckmann (2006) were used to explore how Nigerian immigrants in Malmo, Sweden, perceive language as shaping their social integration in their host country. Their perceptions of these social integration dimensions will aid in understanding how language affects their integration into Swedish society in Malmo. The information was gathered from fifteen Nigerian immigrants in semi-structured interviews. The findings reveal that participants value language in varying ways across the many theoretical dimensions of social integration.

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When the covid-19 pandemic started, managers were only able to lead their employees through digital communication. During the subsequent telework a completely new research area, in need of new knowledge, was created. The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of opportunities and challenges of remote leadership, experienced by managers. This at a time of only digital communication with employees, with no physical meetings or interactions. The study will answer the following two issues, “What factors are important for managers to take into account when applying a leadership style to teleworking employees?” and “Which internal communication functions in the organization have worked better or not according to managers, when remotely managing employees?”. This exploratory study has its theoretical starting point in situational theory, as well as in Richmond, McCroskey and Powell’s six functions in organizational communication. Through semi-structured interviews, empirical data has been collected and then analyzed through coding, thematization and summation. The result of this study indicates that future managers, conducting digital leadership, will need to take each employee's needs and personal situation into account. Managers need to adopt a functioning leadership style, while keeping important factors regarding employees in mind. This in order to successfully lead each teleworking employee through digital communication.

O presente estudo analisou como a experiência pode ser o alicerce para o ensino de empreendedorismo, de forma que a aprendizagem tenha significado para os jovens graduandos. O ensino de empreendedorismo ainda é muitas vezes apenas focado na abertura de pequenas empresas, tendo o plano de negócios como sua base. Este alicerce utilizou as teorias da aprendizagem experiencial e aprendizagem significativa, conceituando o ensino de empreendedorismo pela articulação de ambas as teorias. Alguns aspectos foram estudados em profundidade e constituíram os objetivos específicos da presente tese: compreender o que deve ser ensinado em empreendedorismo na graduação, elaborar e testar um conjunto de propostas de aulas para a disciplina de empreendedorismo, levantar os estilos de aprendizagem das turmas investigadas e discutir as premissas da aprendizagem experiencial no âmbito do ensino de empreendedorismo. Por ser um tema ainda em construção, trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza exploratória, qualitativa, sendo que a mesma foi desenhada em três fases: na fase 1 realizou-se o levantamento de dados secundários que proporcionou a fundamentação teórica da tese e o desenvolvimento do modelo conceitual; a fase 2 e a fase 3 correspondem à pesquisa empírica, sendo a fase 2 voltada à aplicação do modelo em aulas de empreendedorismo, comparando os dados obtidos com dois grupos de alunos, e a fase 3 estruturada para validar os achados e discutir as premissas. Foram delineados como procedimentos metodológicos o levantamento bibliográfico, a pesquisa participante e as entrevistas semiestruturadas com especialistas. Vários resultados foram obtidos de forma a conceituar o ensino de empreendedorismo, podendo-se destacar: (1) a construção do conhecimento em rede se mostrou adequada ao ensino de empreendedorismo, (2) a teoria de aprendizagem experiencial se mostrou efetiva para o desenvolvimento de um modelo conceitual e estimulou a significância e a criatividade no grupo investigado, (3) várias didáticas foram analisadas, com destaque para o plano de negócios, estudo de caso, resolução de problemas, mapas mentais e narrativas, (4) plano de negócio é um meio para a aprendizagem de empreendedorismo e não o seu fim, (5) não é necessário que o professor de empreendedorismo já tenha sido proprietário de um negócio, (6) os docentes poderiam se preparar melhor pedagogicamente e (7) os alunos não gostam de aulas expositivas e querem ser protagonistas do seu aprendizado. O estudo contribui ao ser um passo para o entendimento de um contexto ainda não convergente na literatura e para que instituições de ensino e docentes tenham um novo olhar sobre o ensino de empreendedorismo, tema atual e instigante. / This study examined how experiences can be the foundation for teaching entrepreneurship, so that learning becomes meaningful to the graduates. The teaching of entrepreneurship is often focused only on opening small businesses, and has the business plan as its basis. This foundation has used the theories of experiential learning and meaningful learning, conceptualizing the teaching of entrepreneurship through the articulation of both theories. Some aspects have been studied in depth and constituted the specific objectives of this thesis: to understand what must be taught as entrepreneurship in a graduation course, to elaborate and test a set of proposals for classes concerning the subject entrepreneurship, to raise the learning styles of the investigated groups and discuss the premises of experiential learning in teaching entrepreneurship. Because such a subject is still under construction, it is a research of exploratory and qualitative nature, and it was designed in three phases: in phase 1 it was carried out a survey of secondary data which provided the theoretical foundation for the thesis and the development of the conceptual model; phase 2 and phase 3 correspond to the empirical research, being the second phase focused on the implementation of the model in entrepreneurship classes, comparing the results obtained with two groups of students and the third phase was structured to validate such results and discuss the premises. As methodological procedures were outlined the bibliographic research, the participatory research and semi-structured interviews with experts. Several results were obtained in order to conceptualize the teaching of entrepreneurship, such as: (1) the construction of knowledge in a network way was adequate to the teaching of entrepreneurship, (2) the theory of experiential learning was effective for developing a conceptual model and stimulate the significance and creativity in the investigated group, (3) several didactics were analyzed, with emphasis on the business plan, case study, problems solving, mental maps and narratives, (4) the business plan is a way for learning entrepreneurship and not its end, (5) it is not necessary for the entrepreneurship teacher to have previously been a businessman, (6) the teachers could be better prepare pedagogically and (7) the students do not like expositive classes and want to be protagonists of their learning process. The study is helpful insofar as it represents a step towards the understanding of a context not yet convergent in the literature and contributes so that schools and teachers may have a new perspective on the teaching of entrepreneurship, a current and thought-provoking theme.

The purpose of the present study was to analyze the significance ofcreativity for network behavior. Similar to other network behavioral studiesthe multidimensional approach was utilized where networking was dividedinto sub dimensions with external and internal counterparts. The domainspecific approach to creativity was used in order to attempt to determinewhich creative domain is significant for different networking behaviors.106 individuals participated in the study and the sample is considered anon-random convenience sample. The results showed that certain networkbehaviors interacted with different creative domains. The creative domainof everyday and verbal creativity were both unique predictors of networkbehavior and were the creative domains who were the most relevant.Structural facets in the form of work experience, organizational size andbiological gender were also explored. Work experience was shown to be aweak moderating variable to the relationship of network behavior andcreativity. Organizational size had no significant results and biologicalgender was significant for two of the creative domains: Math / scientificand artistic creativity. Results from the present study provide furtherevidence towards an area which is relatively new. The findings can be usedto create an empirical foundation in recruitment scenarios which mayrequire individuals with particular set of psychological traits. / Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka interaktionen mellannätverksbeteende och kreativitet, samt att analysera om kreativitet är avsignifikant betydelse för nätverksbeteende. I linje med tidigare forskningom nätverksbeteende är denna studie av multidimensionell karaktär, därnätverksbeteende delas upp i interna samt externa komponenter. Dendomänspecifika paradigmen för kreativitet användes för att undersökavilka av de kreativa domänerna som är mest relevanta vidnätverksbeteende. 106 individer deltog i studien och urvalet var ettbekvämlighetsurval. Resultatet visade att några av de kreativa domäneninteragerade med nätverksbeteende, där vardaglig samt verbal kreativitetvar av högst relevans samt även unika prediktorer för nätverksbeteende. Destrukturella faktorerna arbetslivserfarenhet, organisationsstorlek samtbiologiskt kön undersöktes också. Arbetslivserfarenhet visade sig ha enmodererande effekt i relation till sambandet nätverksbeteende ochkreativitet, medan organisationsstorlek inte hade någon signifikant effekt.Resultatet för biologiskt kön indikerade att de kreativa domänenmatematisk/vetenskaplig och konstnärlig kreativitet var signifikanta, därmän skattade sig som något mer kreativa än vad kvinnor gjorde. Studiensresultat kan användas för att skapa en evidensbaserad grund irekryteringssammanhang samt i utformningen av psykometriska tester.

Performance management (PM) research has traditionally been criticized because of its supposed lack of impact on PM practice. A survey of PM practices in 101 U. S. organizations was conducted to determine the current state of PM and to evaluate the gaps betw een PM science and practice. Results revealed that gaps do exist betw een PM research and practice, but there were several instances of clear impact of contemporary PM research on the practice of PM. Moreover, exploratory analyses indicated that practicalPM considerations (e.g., PM purpose, employee participation, ongoing informal feedback) were more important to human resource executives’ perceptions of PM fairness and effectiveness than technical considerations traditionally found in the academic PM literature. Implications for the science and practice of PM are discussed.