Tirtos šunų akių vokų ligos ir joms gydyti taikomų metodų patikimumas. Tyrimas atliktas veterinarijos gydykloje “GATTO”. Tyrime analizuoti įvairių veislių, skirtingo amžiaus ir lyčių 92 šunys, turintys akių vokų ligų klinikinius simptomus. Tyrimai truko pusantrų metų laiko. Tirtos ligos: trečiojo voko hiperplazija ir konjunktyvitas, vokų įsivertimai, trauminiai pažeidimai, parazitiniai, bakteriniai susirgimai. Nustatyta, kad trumpasnukių veislių šunų ir jų mišrūnų patinams šios ligos diagnozuotos dažniau. / Topic of my research was canine eyelid diseases and effectiveness of their treatment. The research was conducted at veterinary clinic "Gatto”. 92 dogs that differed in breed, age and gender and all with history of eyelid diseases were involved. Diseases investigated were: third eyelid hyperplasia and conjunctivitis, eyelid trespassing, obstruction, parasitic, bacterial diseases. It was found that the short-nosed dog breeds and their crossbred males tend to be diagnosed with eyelid diseases more often.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-08-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:14:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_ra_me_araca.pdf: 366303 bytes, checksum: 70287ee04a9c08af3d76c814dfcab439 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Os objetivos deste estudo foram detectar a presença e a expressão dos genes supressores p53 e c-Myc em tumores palpebrais, pelas técnicas de PCR, RTPCR, PCR-ELISA E RT-PCR-ELISA que até o então não foram descritas nestes tumores e nesta espécie. Foram utilizadas 10 amostras de tumores que foram fixados em formol e incluídos em parafina. O material foi obtido junto aos arquivos do Serviço de Patologia Veterinária, sendo nove amostras de tumores localizados nas pálpebras e terceira pálpebra e uma de tumor mamário para controle. Todos os tumores tiveram o seu diagnóstico firmado empregando-se a coloração de H.E e imunoistoquímica para citoqueratina AE1/AE3 e vimentina (V9), marcadores de tecido epitelial e mesenquimal, respectivamente. Os resultados indicaram que os tumores palpebrais e da terceira pálpebra aqui estudados verificou-se a presença do gene supressor p53 em 8 amostras (88,8%, n=8), e entre as amostras positivas (n=8), ele esteve expresso em 75 % delas. O gene supressor c-Myc esteve presente em 5 amostras (55,5%) e com expressão em 100% delas (n=5). Foi possível concluir que os tumores palpebrais e da terceira pálpebra de cães expressam o p-53 e c-Myc identificados pelas técnicas de PCR e RT-PCR, no entanto, as técnicas de PCR ELISA e RT-PCR ELISA foram mais importantes para avaliação da presença e expressão do oncogenes estudados, pois permitiram identificar produtos amplificados que não foram visualizados em gel de agarose. / The aims of this study were to detect the presence and the expression of p53 and c-Myc suppressor genes in eyelid tumors of dogs, by the PCR, RT-PCR, PCR-ELISA and RT-PCR-ELISA techniques, which until then they were not described in these tumors and in this specie. Ten samples of tumors were fixed in formalin and included in paraffin. The material was obtained from the archives of the Department of Veterinary Pathology, being nine samples of epithelial tumors located in the eyelids and the third eyelid, and a breast tumor which was used as a positive control of the reactions. All the samples had reached their diagnosis employing up the HE technique, and the immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and vimentin (V9). The results showed that the eyelid and the third eyelid tumors, here studied, (88.8%, n=8) of them demonstrated the presence of the p53 gene and between the positive samples (n=8), the expression was around 75%. The c-Myc gene was present in 55.5% (n=5) of the samples, with 100% of expression (n=5). Thus, it was possible to conclude that the eyelid and the third eyelid tumors of dogs express the p53 and c-Myc genes, identified by the techniques of PCR and RT-PCR, however, the PCR ELISA and RT-PCR ELISA techniques were of extreme importance for assessing the presence and expression of these studied genes, and they allowed to identify amplified products that were not visible on the electrophoresis on the agarose gel.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:14:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 sereno_mg_me_botfmvz.pdf: 1605062 bytes, checksum: 6cebcd988615b0290bc4972f77b75aa2 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O comprometimento anatômico e funcional das pálpebras, por afecções congênitas ou adquiridas, pode repercutir na integridade do bulbo ocular. Entre as técnicas de cirurgia reconstrutivas disponíveis, os retalhos de padrão axial têm a vantagem de possuir o suprimento sanguíneo intrínseco, assegurando irrigação adequada. Quando há a possibilidade de complicações isquêmicas, a aplicação da terapia por ondas de choque extracorpóreas (TOCE) é descrita como técnica de salvamento de retalhos. Na literatura veterinária consultada não há relatos da utilização do retalho de padrão axial oris angularis para a reconstrução palpebral, assim como da aplicação da TOCE como técnica de salvamento do mesmo na região facial periorbitária. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos avaliar a utilização do retalho axial oris angularis, na reconstrução de defeitos experimentais da pálpebra inferior de cães e verificar a atuação da terapia por ondas de choque extracorpóreas (TOCE) nos retalhos, bem como comparar os resultados clínicos e oftalmológicos do retalho com e sem a aplicação da terapia por ondas de choque. Foram utilizados oito cães, os quais foram submetidos ao desenvolvimento experimental do retalho oris angularis para a correção do defeito palpebral; estes foram avaliados por meio de exame clínico e oftalmológico até o período final de 60 dias. A avaliação histológica e morfométrica de amostras de pele submetidas ou não à TOCE, obtidas da região distal do retalho axial, aos 10 dias do pós-operatório, também foi realizada. O retalho de padrão axial oris angularis apresentou resultados funcionais e cosméticos favoráveis em cães. A TOCE, nos parâmetros utilizados e na região periocular, não apresentou diferença de atuação significativa como técnica de salvamento quando comparada à confecção isolada do retalho oris angularis... / The functional and anatomical compromise of the eyelids by congenital or acquired affections, can affect the integrity of the eye bulb, making necessary reconstructive surgeries techniques. Among the available techniques, axial flaps patterns where describe to cover facial defects, being its vascularization intrinsic, considered an advantage to other techniques, ensuring the appropriate vascularization, and also preserving the facial esthetics. Considering isquemic complications extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) was described such rescue technique on compromised skin flaps. There are not any veterinary references to use of an oris angularis skin flap to eyelid reconstruction as well ESWT in facial areas. The present study was developed to evaluate the oris angularis axial flap clinical performance on dogs’ eyelids experimental defects reconstruction, and ESWT applicability over the distal end of the axial flap. The ophthalmologic exam was performed to determine possible prejudicial interactions between the treatments used and the eye. Eight dogs were ophthalmologic and clinically evaluated for sixty days. The skin samples treated or not with the shock wave therapy, obtained from flap’s distal border, where analyzed histological and with morfometry. The oris angularis axial skin flap presented good results, functional and esthetical, on the experimental repair of the dog’s eyelids. The ESWT with the protocol used in this study, did not demonstrate significant clinical outcomes as a rescue technique when applied over the oris angularis flap, however results showed no signals of collateral deleterious effects. The flap with or without ESWT did not show any histological sign of inflammatory or atrophic alterations. Both group treated showed similar morphometrical characteristics. The axial oris angularis skin flap was also used to repair large defects on the eyelids and nasal... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Resumo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram detectar a presença e a expressão dos genes supressores p53 e c-Myc em tumores palpebrais, pelas técnicas de PCR, RTPCR, PCR-ELISA E RT-PCR-ELISA que até o então não foram descritas nestes tumores e nesta espécie. Foram utilizadas 10 amostras de tumores que foram fixados em formol e incluídos em parafina. O material foi obtido junto aos arquivos do Serviço de Patologia Veterinária, sendo nove amostras de tumores localizados nas pálpebras e terceira pálpebra e uma de tumor mamário para controle. Todos os tumores tiveram o seu diagnóstico firmado empregando-se a coloração de H.E e imunoistoquímica para citoqueratina AE1/AE3 e vimentina (V9), marcadores de tecido epitelial e mesenquimal, respectivamente. Os resultados indicaram que os tumores palpebrais e da terceira pálpebra aqui estudados verificou-se a presença do gene supressor p53 em 8 amostras (88,8%, n=8), e entre as amostras positivas (n=8), ele esteve expresso em 75 % delas. O gene supressor c-Myc esteve presente em 5 amostras (55,5%) e com expressão em 100% delas (n=5). Foi possível concluir que os tumores palpebrais e da terceira pálpebra de cães expressam o p-53 e c-Myc identificados pelas técnicas de PCR e RT-PCR, no entanto, as técnicas de PCR ELISA e RT-PCR ELISA foram mais importantes para avaliação da presença e expressão do oncogenes estudados, pois permitiram identificar produtos amplificados que não foram visualizados em gel de agarose. / Abstract: The aims of this study were to detect the presence and the expression of p53 and c-Myc suppressor genes in eyelid tumors of dogs, by the PCR, RT-PCR, PCR-ELISA and RT-PCR-ELISA techniques, which until then they were not described in these tumors and in this specie. Ten samples of tumors were fixed in formalin and included in paraffin. The material was obtained from the archives of the Department of Veterinary Pathology, being nine samples of epithelial tumors located in the eyelids and the third eyelid, and a breast tumor which was used as a positive control of the reactions. All the samples had reached their diagnosis employing up the HE technique, and the immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and vimentin (V9). The results showed that the eyelid and the third eyelid tumors, here studied, (88.8%, n=8) of them demonstrated the presence of the p53 gene and between the positive samples (n=8), the expression was around 75%. The c-Myc gene was present in 55.5% (n=5) of the samples, with 100% of expression (n=5). Thus, it was possible to conclude that the eyelid and the third eyelid tumors of dogs express the p53 and c-Myc genes, identified by the techniques of PCR and RT-PCR, however, the PCR ELISA and RT-PCR ELISA techniques were of extreme importance for assessing the presence and expression of these studied genes, and they allowed to identify amplified products that were not visible on the electrophoresis on the agarose gel. / Orientador: Alexandre Lima de Andrade / Coorientador: Tereza Cristina Cardoso da Silva / Banca: Débora Aparecida Pires de Campos Zuccari / Banca: Cláudia Valéria Seullner Brandão / Mestre

Thesis (MMed (Surgical Sciences. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010. / The repair of full-thickness defects of the lower eyelids poses a challenge because a graft in combination with a flap is typically used to replace either the posterior or anterior lamella. This often results in aesthetically and functional unsatisfactory outcomes. A rotation-advancement tarso-conjunctival cheek flap, which reconstructs both posterior and anterior lamella with vascularized tissue similar to the native eyelid, is described. Nine patients underwent reconstruction with a rotation-advancement tarso-conjunctival cheek flap. The indications, complications and outcomes were evaluated. The follow-up time ranged from 6 to 60 months with an average of twenty three months. The main indication for use of this flap is full-thickness defects of the lower eyelid between 25 – 75 %, typically after tumour ablation. All the patients had a functional and aesthetically satisfactory outcome. One patient underwent a revision canthoplasty. The rotation-advancement tarso-conjunctival cheek flap adheres to basic plastic surgery principles resulting in a satisfactory outcome; (a) Vascularized tissue is used to reconstruct the defect. (b)The flap composition is similar to the native eyelid i.e. replace like with like. (c) The flap makes use of tissue that is excess and therefore limits donor morbidity.

The notion that forces from the eyelids can alter the shape of the cornea has been proposed for many years. In recent times, there has been a marked improvement in our ability to measure and define the corneal shape, allowing subtle changes in the cornea to be measured. These improvements have led to the findings that pressure from the eyelids can cause alterations in corneal shape following everyday visual tasks such as reading. There are also theories to suggest that pressure from the eyelids may be involved in the aetiology of corneal astigmatism. In this program of research, a series of experiments were undertaken to investigate the influence of the eyelids on the shape of the cornea. In the first experiment, an investigation into the diurnal variation of corneal shape was carried out by measuring corneal topography at three different times (approximately 9 am, 1 pm and 5 pm) during the day over three days of the week (Monday, Tuesday and Friday). Highly significant diurnal changes were found to occur in the corneal topography of 15 of the 17 subjects. This change typically consisted of horizontal bands of distortion in the superior, and to a lesser extent, inferior cornea, increasing throughout the day (and returning to baseline the next morning). These changes appeared to be related to forces from the eyelids on the anterior cornea. Some changes were also found in corneal astigmatism. Corneal astigmatism power vector J0 (astigmatism 90/180°) was found to increase slightly over the course of the week. Whilst the changes in astigmatism were small in magnitude, this result leaves open the possibility that pressure from the eyelid may cause changes in corneal astigmatism. If pressure from the eyelids is involved in the aetiology of corneal astigmatism, then one may expect associations to exist between certain characteristics of the eyelids and corneal shape. An experiment was then undertaken to explore these possible associations. We defined the average morphology of the palpebral fissure in different angles of vertical gaze for 100 young normal subjects. This was achieved through analysis of digital images that were captured in primary gaze, 20° downgaze and 40° downgaze. Parameters defining the size, position, angle and contour of the eyelids were determined. Highly significant changes were found to occur in the palpebral fissure with downward gaze. The palpebral aperture narrows in downward gaze, and the angle of the eyelids changes from being slightly upward slanted in primary gaze, to being slightly downward slanted in downward gaze. The eyelid margin contour also flattens significantly in downward gaze. The average topography of the central and peripheral cornea was also defined for this same population. A technique was used that allowed the capture and subsequent combination of topography data from both the central and the peripheral cornea. The use of this technique provided a large corneal topography map, with data extending close to the limbus for each subject. Marked flattening was found to occur in the peripheral cornea and a conic section was found to be a poor descriptor of corneal contour in the periphery (i.e. greater than 6 mm diameter). Corneal astigmatism was also found on average to reduce in the periphery. However a number of distinct patterns of peripheral corneal astigmatism were noted in the population. Corneal astigmatism in the peripheral cornea was either found to remain stable (59% of subjects), increase (10% of subjects) or reduce (31% of subjects) in magnitude in comparison to the amount of central corneal astigmatism. We also investigated associations between the parameters defining the palpebral fissure and parameters describing corneal shape in this population of subjects. A number of highly significant associations were found between the morphology of the palpebral fissure in primary gaze and the shape of the cornea. A general tendency was found for subjects with wider horizontal palpebral fissure widths to exhibit larger corneas and also flatter central corneal powers. There were also highly significant associations found between the angle of the eyelids and the axis of corneal astigmatism, but not the magnitude of corneal astigmatism. The associations found between corneal astigmatism and palpebral fissure morphology is further evidence supporting the hypothesis that pressure from the eyelids is involved in the aetiology of corneal astigmatism. The results of these investigations have shown that corneal changes as a result of eyelid forces occur in the majority of young subjects tested over the course of a normal working day. The average morphology of the palpebral fissure and topography of the central and peripheral cornea has also been defined in detail for a large population of young subjects. Significant associations were found between corneal astigmatism and the morphology of the palpebral fissure. Whilst these results support a model of corneal astigmatism development based on eyelid morphology, they do not prove causation. Further research including measurement of eyelid pressure and corneal rigidity may aid in understanding the exact aetiology of the magnitude and axis of corneal astigmatism.

Orientador: Silvana Artioli Schellini / Resumo: OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficiência da injeção de ácido hialurônico (AH) ou de soro fisiológico (SF), aplicados no subcutâneo da pálpebra inferior de portadores de ectrópio cicatricial, visando à correção não cirúrgica do mal posicionamento palpebral. MÉTODOS: este foi um estudo prospectivo, intervencionista, envolvendo 23 pálpebras de 15 portadores de ectrópio cicatricial, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: G1 (13 pálpebras) no qual foram feitas quatro aplicações de 4ml de SF (Cloreto de Sódio 0,9%, Equiplex, Goiás, Brasil), associado a 1ml de cloridrato de lidocaína a 2,0% sem vasoconstritor (Xylestesin®, Cristália, São Paulo, Brasil), em intervalos de uma semana entre as aplicações; e G2 (10 pálpebras) que receberam aplicação de 1 ml de AH (Restylane® Lidocaine, Q med, Uppsala, Suécia) em aplicação única. Foram avaliadas as variáveis demográficas dos participantes, as queixas, o grau do ectrópio, o grau de flacidez palpebral, a localização do ectrópio, além de avaliações quantitativas realizadas utilizando-se a fotodocumentação sistematizada dos olhos dos pacientes, 30 dias após a primeira aplicação no G1 e 7 e 30 dias após as aplicações do G2. As imagens obtidas foram transferidas para um computador e avaliadas utilizando-se o programa Image J, avaliando-se a distância da pálpebra inferior até o reflexo corneano (DMR2), distância limbo-margem (LM), ângulo da comissura interna (AI) e externa (AE), área total (AT), lateral (AL) e medial (AM). As áreas a serem avaliadas for... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: PURPOSE: Evaluate the efficiency of injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) or saline solution (SF) applied to the lower eyelid subcutaneous, aiming at the non-surgical correction of cicatricial ectropion. METHODS: This was a prospective study involving 23 eyelids of 15 patients with cicatricial ectropion, randomly divided into two groups: G1 (13 eyelids) with four applications of 4ml of SF (Sodium Chloride 0.9%, Equiplex, Goiás , Brazil), associated to 1ml of lidocaine hydrochloride 2% without vasoconstrictor (Xylestesin®, Cristália, São Paulo, Brazil), with a one-week interval between applications; and G2 (10 eyelids) which received single application of 1 ml of AH (Restylane® Lidocaine, Q med, Uppsala, Sweden). Demographic variables, complaints, ectropion degree, eyelid flaccidity degree, ectropion location, and quantitative assessments using the systematized photodocumentation of patients eyelids 30 days after the first application in G1 and 7 and 30 days after applications in G2 were studied. The images were transferred to a computer and evaluated using the Image J program and the distance between the lower eyelid margin to corneal reflex (DMR2), limbus margin distance (LM), internal angle (IA) and external angle (EA), total (TA), lateral (LA) and medial areas (MA) were analyzed. The area measurements were delimited by a line between the two commissures and along the lid margin of the lower eyelid. The evaluations were done without traction and with traction downward of the lo... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Cláudia Valéria Seullner Brandão / Banca: José Joaquim Titton Ranzani / Banca: Georgia Nadalini Rodrigues / Resumo: O comprometimento anatômico e funcional das pálpebras, por afecções congênitas ou adquiridas, pode repercutir na integridade do bulbo ocular. Entre as técnicas de cirurgia reconstrutivas disponíveis, os retalhos de padrão axial têm a vantagem de possuir o suprimento sanguíneo intrínseco, assegurando irrigação adequada. Quando há a possibilidade de complicações isquêmicas, a aplicação da terapia por ondas de choque extracorpóreas (TOCE) é descrita como técnica de salvamento de retalhos. Na literatura veterinária consultada não há relatos da utilização do retalho de padrão axial oris angularis para a reconstrução palpebral, assim como da aplicação da TOCE como técnica de salvamento do mesmo na região facial periorbitária. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos avaliar a utilização do retalho axial oris angularis, na reconstrução de defeitos experimentais da pálpebra inferior de cães e verificar a atuação da terapia por ondas de choque extracorpóreas (TOCE) nos retalhos, bem como comparar os resultados clínicos e oftalmológicos do retalho com e sem a aplicação da terapia por ondas de choque. Foram utilizados oito cães, os quais foram submetidos ao desenvolvimento experimental do retalho oris angularis para a correção do defeito palpebral; estes foram avaliados por meio de exame clínico e oftalmológico até o período final de 60 dias. A avaliação histológica e morfométrica de amostras de pele submetidas ou não à TOCE, obtidas da região distal do retalho axial, aos 10 dias do pós-operatório, também foi realizada. O retalho de padrão axial oris angularis apresentou resultados funcionais e cosméticos favoráveis em cães. A TOCE, nos parâmetros utilizados e na região periocular, não apresentou diferença de atuação significativa como técnica de salvamento quando comparada à confecção isolada do retalho oris angularis... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The functional and anatomical compromise of the eyelids by congenital or acquired affections, can affect the integrity of the eye bulb, making necessary reconstructive surgeries techniques. Among the available techniques, axial flaps patterns where describe to cover facial defects, being its vascularization intrinsic, considered an advantage to other techniques, ensuring the appropriate vascularization, and also preserving the facial esthetics. Considering isquemic complications extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) was described such rescue technique on compromised skin flaps. There are not any veterinary references to use of an oris angularis skin flap to eyelid reconstruction as well ESWT in facial areas. The present study was developed to evaluate the oris angularis axial flap clinical performance on dogs' eyelids experimental defects reconstruction, and ESWT applicability over the distal end of the axial flap. The ophthalmologic exam was performed to determine possible prejudicial interactions between the treatments used and the eye. Eight dogs were ophthalmologic and clinically evaluated for sixty days. The skin samples treated or not with the shock wave therapy, obtained from flap's distal border, where analyzed histological and with morfometry. The oris angularis axial skin flap presented good results, functional and esthetical, on the experimental repair of the dog's eyelids. The ESWT with the protocol used in this study, did not demonstrate significant clinical outcomes as a rescue technique when applied over the oris angularis flap, however results showed no signals of collateral deleterious effects. The flap with or without ESWT did not show any histological sign of inflammatory or atrophic alterations. Both group treated showed similar morphometrical characteristics. The axial oris angularis skin flap was also used to repair large defects on the eyelids and nasal... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Laryssa Kataki De Oliveira Veloso (laryssakataki@hotmail.com) on 2018-06-15T13:25:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO LARYSSA FINAL.pdf: 1251310 bytes, checksum: 43a08fca6a961ece3b6833de3671f737 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-06-18T20:28:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 veloso_lko_me_bot.pdf: 1251310 bytes, checksum: 43a08fca6a961ece3b6833de3671f737 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-18T20:28:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 veloso_lko_me_bot.pdf: 1251310 bytes, checksum: 43a08fca6a961ece3b6833de3671f737 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-30 / OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficiência da injeção de ácido hialurônico (AH) ou de soro fisiológico (SF), aplicados no subcutâneo da pálpebra inferior de portadores de ectrópio cicatricial, visando à correção não cirúrgica do mal posicionamento palpebral. MÉTODOS: este foi um estudo prospectivo, intervencionista, envolvendo 23 pálpebras de 15 portadores de ectrópio cicatricial, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: G1 (13 pálpebras) no qual foram feitas quatro aplicações de 4ml de SF (Cloreto de Sódio 0,9%, Equiplex, Goiás, Brasil), associado a 1ml de cloridrato de lidocaína a 2,0% sem vasoconstritor (Xylestesin®, Cristália, São Paulo, Brasil), em intervalos de uma semana entre as aplicações; e G2 (10 pálpebras) que receberam aplicação de 1 ml de AH (Restylane® Lidocaine, Q med, Uppsala, Suécia) em aplicação única. Foram avaliadas as variáveis demográficas dos participantes, as queixas, o grau do ectrópio, o grau de flacidez palpebral, a localização do ectrópio, além de avaliações quantitativas realizadas utilizando-se a fotodocumentação sistematizada dos olhos dos pacientes, 30 dias após a primeira aplicação no G1 e 7 e 30 dias após as aplicações do G2. As imagens obtidas foram transferidas para um computador e avaliadas utilizando-se o programa Image J, avaliando-se a distância da pálpebra inferior até o reflexo corneano (DMR2), distância limbo-margem (LM), ângulo da comissura interna (AI) e externa (AE), área total (AT), lateral (AL) e medial (AM). As áreas a serem avaliadas foram delimitadas por uma linha que une as duas comissuras e outra linha que coincide com a margem da pálpebra inferior. As avaliações foram feitas sem tração e com tração da pálpebra inferior para baixo. Todos os dados foram transferidos para a planilha Excel, sendo realizada a análise comparativa antes e após as aplicações nos dois grupos. RESULTADOS: Os grupos foram semelhantes quanto a idade, sexo, cor da pele e grau do ectrópio. Houve melhora signficativa dos sintomas nos indivíduos de G2 após a aplicação de AH. Apos a injeção, o G1 apresentou redução significativa de AI com e sem tração, AE com tração, LM sem tração e AM com tração. No G2, após as injeções as medidas AI sem tração, AE, DMR2, AT e AM com e sem tração, LM e AL com tração apresentaram alterações significativas (p<0,05). A comparação das medidas realizadas no G2 após sete e 30 dias mostrou estabilidade dos resultados obtidos com a injeção de AH. CONCLUSÃO: A aplicação de AH na pálpebra inferior de portadores de ectrópio cicatricial mostrou melhora parcial do mal posicionamento palpebral. A aplicação de SF não foi efetiva no tratamento do ectrópio cicatricial. / PURPOSE: Evaluate the efficiency of injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) or saline solution (SF) applied to the lower eyelid subcutaneous, aiming at the non-surgical correction of cicatricial ectropion. METHODS: This was a prospective study involving 23 eyelids of 15 patients with cicatricial ectropion, randomly divided into two groups: G1 (13 eyelids) with four applications of 4ml of SF (Sodium Chloride 0.9%, Equiplex, Goiás , Brazil), associated to 1ml of lidocaine hydrochloride 2% without vasoconstrictor (Xylestesin®, Cristália, São Paulo, Brazil), with a one-week interval between applications; and G2 (10 eyelids) which received single application of 1 ml of AH (Restylane® Lidocaine, Q med, Uppsala, Sweden). Demographic variables, complaints, ectropion degree, eyelid flaccidity degree, ectropion location, and quantitative assessments using the systematized photodocumentation of patients eyelids 30 days after the first application in G1 and 7 and 30 days after applications in G2 were studied. The images were transferred to a computer and evaluated using the Image J program and the distance between the lower eyelid margin to corneal reflex (DMR2), limbus margin distance (LM), internal angle (IA) and external angle (EA), total (TA), lateral (LA) and medial areas (MA) were analyzed. The area measurements were delimited by a line between the two commissures and along the lid margin of the lower eyelid. The evaluations were done without traction and with traction downward of the lower eyelid. All data were transferred to the Excel spreadsheet and comparative analysis was performed before and after the applications in the two groups. RESULTS The groups were similar according to age, sex, skin color and degree of ectropion. There was a significant improvement in G2 individuals after the application of AH. After injections G1 presented a significant reduction of AI with and without traction, EA with traction, LM without traction and AM with traction. The G2 after injections showed AI measurements without traction, EA, DMR2, TA and MA with and without traction, LM and LA with traction with significant alterations (p <0.05). The comparison of the G2 measurements obtained after 7 and 30 days showed stability of the results obtained with the AH injection. CONCLUSION: The application of AH in the lower eyelid of patients with cicatricial ectropion resulted in partial improvement of palpebral malposition. The application of SF was not effective in the treatment of cicatricial ectropion.

Orientador: José Paulo Cabral de Vasconcellos / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T03:03:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bittencourt_MauraKrahembuhlWanderley_D.pdf: 4949840 bytes, checksum: 022f99304656d76ae232d1c85d47077b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Objetivo: Descrever a ação da toxina botulínica do tipo A quando aplicada no músculo elevador da pálpebra superior, investigar a sua segurança e eficácia na produção de ptose protetora em cães. Métodos: Neste estudo do tipo longitudinal, série de casos com intervenção, um total de 10 cães foram submetidos à quimiodenervação do músculo elevador da pálpebra superior, através da aplicação por via transcutânea de 15 unidades de toxina botulínica do tipo A. Alterações sistêmicas, mobilidade ocular, função visual, pressão intraocular, produção lacrimal, o aparecimento, grau e duração da ptose foram avaliados diariamente durante os sete primeiros dias e posteriormente nos dias 14, 21 e 28 após a aplicação. Resultados: O início do efeito clínico foi observado entre 2 e 3 dias após a aplicação da toxina, o tempo necessário para desenvolver a máxima ptose variou entre 4 e 7 dias (média de 5 dias), a duração média do efeito da toxina foi de 21 dias. O percentual médio de redução máxima do tamanho da fenda palpebral foi 42,9 % (DP ± 35,7%). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na pressão intraocular antes e depois da aplicação da toxina (P = 0,974 ), bem como na avaliação da produção lacrimal (P = 0,276). Não houve alteração na mobilidade ocular e nenhum outro efeito adverso foi observado em associação com a administração do medicamento em estudo. Conclusão: A aplicação da toxina botulínica do tipo A no músculo elevador da pálpebra superior em cães foi eficaz e segura para promover a ptose protetora com uma cobertura temporária da córnea / Abstract: Purpose: Describe the action of botulinum toxin type A when applied into levator palpebral superioris muscle, verifying its safety and efficacy to promote protective ptosis in dogs. Methods: In this prospective interventional study, a total of 10 dogs underwent transcutaneous anterior chemodenervation of levator palpebral superioris with 15 units of botulinum toxin type A. The systemic changes, ocular mobility, visual function, intraocular pressure (IOP), tear production and the onset, degree and duration of ptosis were evaluated on a daily basis during the first seven days and on days 14, 21 and 28 after application. Results: The onset of the clinical effect was observed between 2 and 3 days after application of the toxin, the time taken for maximum ptosis develop varied from 4 to 7 days (mean 5 days), average duration of the toxin effect was 21 days. The mean percentage reduction in palpebral fissure height was 42.8% (SD ± 35.7%). There was not a statistically significant difference in IOP before and after the BoNT/A application (P = 0.974), or lacrimal production evaluation (P = 0.276). There was no change in ocular mobility and no other adverse effect was observed in association with the administration of the study drug. Conclusion: The application of botulinum toxin type A into levator palpebral superioris muscle in dogs was effective and safe to promote protective ptosis with a temporary covering of the cornea / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutora em Ciências Médicas