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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

As interações entre centros F e átomos de hidrogênio interstical em cristais iônicos / Interactions between F-center and hydrogen interstitial atoms in ionic crystals

Dumke, Vicente Roberto 29 April 1974 (has links)
O dano produzido por radiação em monocristais de KCl contendo centros U, (íons de H- ou D- substitucionais) mostrou ser dependente tanto da temperatura como da pureza espectral da radiação u.v. utilizada. A interação entre centros F e U2 (átomos de H&#176 ou D&#176 intersticiais), produtos da irradiação, dá origem a novas transições óticas na região do espectro visível, em concordância com as previsões de um modelo proposto. Foi estudado o efeito isotópico sobre os defeitos produzidos pela radiação e sobre a largura das bandas de absorção. Experiências sobre irradiação por u.v. e por raios x em KCl com pares H- H- alinhados são também discutidas / The radiation damage of KCl single crystals containing U centers (substitutional H- ou D- ions) is found to be dependent on the temperature and on the spectral purity of the u.v. radiation used. The interaction between F centers and U centers, (interstitial H&#176 or D&#176 atoms), products of the radiation damage, gives rise to new optical transitions in the visible part of the spectra according to the predictions of a proposed model. The isotope effect on the radiation damage by u.v. and by X-rays on KCl with H- H- aligned pairs are also discussed
2

As interações entre centros F e átomos de hidrogênio interstical em cristais iônicos / Interactions between F-center and hydrogen interstitial atoms in ionic crystals

Vicente Roberto Dumke 29 April 1974 (has links)
O dano produzido por radiação em monocristais de KCl contendo centros U, (íons de H- ou D- substitucionais) mostrou ser dependente tanto da temperatura como da pureza espectral da radiação u.v. utilizada. A interação entre centros F e U2 (átomos de H&#176 ou D&#176 intersticiais), produtos da irradiação, dá origem a novas transições óticas na região do espectro visível, em concordância com as previsões de um modelo proposto. Foi estudado o efeito isotópico sobre os defeitos produzidos pela radiação e sobre a largura das bandas de absorção. Experiências sobre irradiação por u.v. e por raios x em KCl com pares H- H- alinhados são também discutidas / The radiation damage of KCl single crystals containing U centers (substitutional H- ou D- ions) is found to be dependent on the temperature and on the spectral purity of the u.v. radiation used. The interaction between F centers and U centers, (interstitial H&#176 or D&#176 atoms), products of the radiation damage, gives rise to new optical transitions in the visible part of the spectra according to the predictions of a proposed model. The isotope effect on the radiation damage by u.v. and by X-rays on KCl with H- H- aligned pairs are also discussed
3

Sobre a preparação de um sistema para medida do efeito eletro-ótico em cristais e resultados obtidos, para centro \'F\' em alguns halogenetos alcalinos / About the preparation of a system for measuring the electro-optic effect in crystals and obtained results for F-center in some alkali halides

Kfuri, Jorge Feres 24 June 1974 (has links)
A montagem de um sistema que permite a detecção de modulação no coeficiente de absorção ótica, devido ao campo elétrico aplicado, foi concluída. A máxima sensibilidade atingida foi de &#916 K / K = 1,5 x 10-6 com resolução em comprimento de onda de 3 nm. O efeito Stark de 2&#170 ordem, na freqüência dupla da do campo elétrico aplicado foi medido para o centro F em KCl e KBr e comparado com provisões teóricas. Os valores obtidos para o KCl coincidem com os de Chiarotti, o que confirma o bom funcionamento do sistema, e diferem dos valores calculados teoricamente. Essa diferença é atribuída à correção do campo local. Os valores obtidos experimentalmente para a variação relativa do coeficiente de absorção foram: para KCl: &#916K / K = 2,93 x 10-5 (78&#176 K) para KBr: &#916K / K = 2,85 x 10-5 (78&#176 K) / The assembly of a system which allows the detection of modulation in the coefficient of optical absorption, due to the applied electrical field, was completed. The maximum sensitivity achieve was &#916 K / K = 1,5 x 10-6, in wave length, of 3 nm. The Stark effect of second order, in the frequency twice as that of the applied electrical field was measured for the center F in KCl and KBr and compared with theoretical previsions. The values obtained for KCl coincide with those of Chiarotti\'s, which confirms the good functioning of the system, and differ from the values calculated theoretically. This difference in ascribed to the correction of the local field. for KCl: &#916K / K = 2,93 x 10-5 (78&#176 K) for KBr: &#916K / K = 2,85 x 10-5 (78&#176 K).
4

Sobre a preparação de um sistema para medida do efeito eletro-ótico em cristais e resultados obtidos, para centro \'F\' em alguns halogenetos alcalinos / About the preparation of a system for measuring the electro-optic effect in crystals and obtained results for F-center in some alkali halides

Jorge Feres Kfuri 24 June 1974 (has links)
A montagem de um sistema que permite a detecção de modulação no coeficiente de absorção ótica, devido ao campo elétrico aplicado, foi concluída. A máxima sensibilidade atingida foi de &#916 K / K = 1,5 x 10-6 com resolução em comprimento de onda de 3 nm. O efeito Stark de 2&#170 ordem, na freqüência dupla da do campo elétrico aplicado foi medido para o centro F em KCl e KBr e comparado com provisões teóricas. Os valores obtidos para o KCl coincidem com os de Chiarotti, o que confirma o bom funcionamento do sistema, e diferem dos valores calculados teoricamente. Essa diferença é atribuída à correção do campo local. Os valores obtidos experimentalmente para a variação relativa do coeficiente de absorção foram: para KCl: &#916K / K = 2,93 x 10-5 (78&#176 K) para KBr: &#916K / K = 2,85 x 10-5 (78&#176 K) / The assembly of a system which allows the detection of modulation in the coefficient of optical absorption, due to the applied electrical field, was completed. The maximum sensitivity achieve was &#916 K / K = 1,5 x 10-6, in wave length, of 3 nm. The Stark effect of second order, in the frequency twice as that of the applied electrical field was measured for the center F in KCl and KBr and compared with theoretical previsions. The values obtained for KCl coincide with those of Chiarotti\'s, which confirms the good functioning of the system, and differ from the values calculated theoretically. This difference in ascribed to the correction of the local field. for KCl: &#916K / K = 2,93 x 10-5 (78&#176 K) for KBr: &#916K / K = 2,85 x 10-5 (78&#176 K).
5

Local embedded-fragment methods for excited states in periodic systems

Flach, Ernst-Christian 12 July 2023 (has links)
Ein fragment-basierter Ansatz zur Berechnung von vertikalen Anregungsenergien in periodischen Systemen wurde entwickelt. Das Ziel war eine wellenfunktions-basierte Hierarchie von lokalen post-Hartree-Fock Methoden, welche über das weitverbreitete Ein-Elektronen Bild der Bandlücke hinausgehen und eine Möglichkeit zur systematischen Verbesserung der Ergebnisse liefern. Darüber hinaus sollte durch die Verwendung von lokalen Orbitalen eine nahtlose Einbettung des Fragments ermöglicht und eine effektive Methode für die Untersuchung von Defekten in periodischen Systemen geschaffen werden. Als erster Schritt wird das fragment-basierte Configuration Interaction Singles (CIS) Model vorgestellt. Im Anschluss erfolgt der Wechsel zum fragment-basierten lokalen algebraic-diagrammatic construction Modells zweiter Ordnung (DF-LADC(2)). Beide Methoden wurden für ein neutrales Farbzentrum in Magnesiumoxid (MgO) getestet. Dabei wurden Fragmente mit bis zu 57 Atomen verwendet. Eine Konvergenz mit der Fragmentgröße, der Größe der Superzellen und des K-mesh konnte erreicht werden. Dennoch wurde eine erste Anregungsenergie von 5.9 eV erhalten, was 0.9 eV über dem veröffentlichten experimentellen Wert liegt. Mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit rührt die Abweichung vom Basissatzvollständigkeitsfehler her. ”Finite-Cluster”-Berechnungen bestätigen entsprechende Basissatzfehler. Interessanterweise stimmt die erste Anregungsenergie für ein Oberflächenfarbzentrum in MgO mit einigen experimentellen Werten überein. Allerdings decken die experimentellen Werte für diese Systeme einen weiten Bereich ab (1.15 - 4.2 eV). / An embedded-fragment approach for calculation of vertical excitation energies in periodic systems has been developed. The aim is a wave-function-based hierarchy of local post-Hartree-Fock models, which goes beyond the very common one-electron picture of the band gap and offers a way for systematic improvability of the results. The use of local occupied and virtual orbitals allows for a seamless embedding model for the fragment and becomes especially effective in studying defects in solids. As a first step in the hierarchy an embedded-fragment Configuration Interaction Singles (CIS) model is presented. The second step is an embedded-fragment local algebraic diagrammatic construction scheme of second order (DF-LADC(2)). Both methods are tested for an neutral color center in bulk and surface magnesium oxide (MgO). Different fragments with up to 57 atoms were studied. A convergence with fragment size, super-cell size and k-mesh has been achieved. However a first excitation energy of 5.9 eV is obtained for the bulk MgO, which is 0.9 eV above the reported experimental value. The deviation most likely originates from the basis set incompleteness error, which, according to finite cluster studies, can be sizable. Interestingly for a surface color center in MgO the observed first excitation energy of 4.1 eV agrees with some of the experimental values (4.2 eV). However for the surface color centers in MgO the scatter of the experimental results is very large (1.15 eV - 4.2 eV).
6

Defect structure and optical properties of alkaline-earth fluorides

Shi, Hongting 25 May 2007 (has links)
I present and discuss the results of calculations ofelectronic structures of perfect and defective CaF2 and BaF2 crystals. These are based on the ab initio Hartree-Fock method with electron correlation corrections and ondensity-functional theory calculations with different exchange-correlation functionals, including hybrid exchange techniques.The defective systems include F centers, M centers, O-V dipoles, Hydrogen impurities and H centers.

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