Fundraising for higher education is a recent phenomenon in Uganda where the government has supported education for decades. Recent structural adjustment and liberalization policies mandated by the World Bank and the IMF and internal financial exigencies have necessitated funding diversification in higher education in Uganda and increased the need for private financial support. In developed countries like the United States, Canada, and increasingly, the United Kingdom, private support from alumni, individuals, corporations, and other stakeholders is a key component of higher education funding. This study used qualitative methodology and a holistic case study research design to explore the fundraising function at Makerere University. Tierney's organizational culture conceptual framework was used and data were collected through semi-structured interviews, an alumni questionnaire, document analysis, and observations. The findings include a governance and management structure that does not adequately support the fundraising function, strategies that are adapted to suit the Ugandan cultural context, perceptions of corruption and lack of transparency; and internal conflicts that limit communication and damage the image of the institution. The findings show that Makerere University is not strategically capitalizing on its position as the oldest and largest public university in Uganda and the region to mobilize private support. Reforms addressing the issues and seeking to enhance student and alumni experiences are contributing to fundraising success in various units. The reform efforts include transitioning to a collegiate system, procuring enterprise- wide financial and student services systems, faculty and staff sensitization, outreach and community engagement. The focus on the vision, mission and operationalizing the strategic plan presents an opportunity to dialogue with stakeholders and resonates with potential donors. The findings highlight a renewed spirit of resourcefulness that leverages old paradigms to integrate economic, cultural and social contexts to proffer innovative models of funding diversification.

The problem of this study concerned factors which influence the funding of college and university noncommercial radio stations as perceived by station directors.

<p>Predmet istraživanja u ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji je definisanje mogućih modaliteta finansiranja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji sa aspekta razvoja turističke ponude. Ruralni turizam je počeo da se razvija u Republici Srbiji 70-tih godina XX veka. Njegova dana&scaron;nja razvijenost ne može se meriti sa razvijeno&scaron;ću ovog vida turizma u evropskim državama sa sličnom dužinom razvojnog perioda. Razlog tome su različiti i brojni faktori kako na strani turističke ponude, tako i na strani tražnje. To su, pre svega, politički, ekonomski, socijalni, pravno-regulativni, institucionalni i organizaciono-upravljački faktori.<br />U okviru svih navedenih faktora može se prepoznati zajednička spona a to su finansije, odnosno nepostojanje modela finansiranja, kako na strani ponude, tako i na strani turističke tražnje. U cilju razvoja ruralnog turizma potrebno je definisati modalitete finansiranja ruralne turističke ponude u svim segmentima, a &scaron;to je i tema ove disertacije. Svakako da je u cilju razvoja ruralnog turizma potrebno i definisati modalitete finansiranja ruralne turističke tražnje, ali ova problematika zahteva posebnu i detaljnu analizu i istraživanje.<br />Finansiranje ruralne turističke ponude je kompleksno jer je usko vezano za finansiranje poljoprivrede. Finansiranje poljoprivrede je, stalno prisutan, a nere&scaron;en problem domaće privrede i ekonomske, odnosno agrarne politike. Neophodno je da se paralelno re&scaron;avaju problemi finansiranja ruralnog turizma i poljoprivrede s obzirom na to da su ove delatnosti uzročno-posledično povezane. Nepovoljan ekonomski i finansijski položaj poljoprivrede uzrokuje da ruralno stanovni&scaron;tvo ne može samostalno da razvija turističku delatnost kroz koju bi moglo da realiziju dodatne prihodi i pobolj&scaron;a životni standard. Razvoj ruralnog turizma može da bude zamajac razvoja poljoprivrede, odnosno privrednog razvoja ruralnih područja i pobolj&scaron;anja nepovoljne demografske situacije u njima. Navedeno je posebno značajno za Republike Srbiju, gde je u procesu odumiranja svako četvrto selo. Razvoj ruralnog turizma omogućio bi pozitivne ekonomske efekte na nivou poljoprivrednih gazdinstava, lokalno-ekonomskih zajednica, kao i na nivou države.<br />Finansijski resursi su jedno od najvećih ograničenja razvoja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji, &scaron;to afirmi&scaron;e temu ove disertacije, odnosno potrebu istraživanja u okviru nje. Finasijski resursi predstavljaju razvojno ograničenje posmatrano sa aspekta: nedovoljnosti - u kvantitativnom pogledu i nedostupnosti kvalitetnih finansijskih resursa.<br />Primarni cilj istraživanja je da se predstave dosada&scaron;nji i aktuelni, te defini&scaron;u potencijalni modaliteti finansiranja ruralnog turizma, odnosno ruralne turističke ponude, u Republici Srbiji. Potencijalni modaliteti finansiranja ruralnog turizma obuhvataju:(1) finansiranje turističke<br />Mr Gordana Đ. Radović Doktorska disertacija<br />&bdquo;Modaliteti finansiranja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji&ldquo;<br />4<br />ponude (u užem smislu) u početnoj fazi organizovanog razvoja;(2) finansiranje turističke ponude (u užem smislu) u razvijenoj fazi;(3) finansiranje razvoja turističkih sadržaja;(4) finansiranje razvoja ruralne infrastrukture;(5) finansiranje razvoja kadrova u ruralnom turizmu;(6) finansiranje razvoja promocije ruralnog turističkog proizvoda;(7) finansiranje razvoja kanala prodaje ruralnog turističkog proizvoda. Sekundarni cilj istraživanja je da se analiziraju faktori koji mogu da imaju uticaja na mogućnost samofinansiranja pružaoca usluga u ruralnom turizmu u Republici Srbiji.<br />U disertaciji se analiziraju iskustva u razvoju i finansiranju ruralnog turizma u Evropskoj uniji, odnosno u Sloveniji, Hrvatskoj, Mađarskoj, Austriji i Rumuniji. Njihovom sintezom dolazi se do zaključaka - predloga relevantnih za finansiranje, ali i redefinisanje domaće ruralne turističke ponude, &scaron;to bi se posredno odrazilo na pobolj&scaron;anje ekonomskog položaja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji, a time i na potencijal samofinansiranja ove delatnosti.</p> / <p>The topic of the research presented in this doctoral thesis is defining the potential modalities of financing the rural tourism in the Republic of Serbia with respect to the development of the tourism offer. Rural tourism began to develop in the Republic of Serbia during the 70s of the 20th century. Its state-of-the-art development cannot be compared to the one existing in other European countries with the similar length of the developmental period. The reasons for this are numerous various factors, both in favour of the tourism offer and the tourism demand. These are primarily political, economic, social, legal and regulatory, institutional, as well as organizational and management factors.<br />A common link can be identified in all of the above factors such as finances, actually the lack of financing models, both with regards to tourism offer and the tourism demand. In order to develop rural tourism, it is necessary to define the financing modalities of the rural tourism offer in all its paradigms, which is the topic of this thesis. Certainly, it is essential to define the financing modalities of the rural tourism demand if the goal is rural tourism development, however, this topic requires a tailor-made and detailed analysis and research.<br />Financing of the rural tourism offer is complex because it is closely related to financing of agriculture in general. The issue of financing agriculture has been omnipresent and yet an unresolved problem of the local economy and agricultural policy. It is mandatory to simultaneously work on solving the issues of financing both the rural tourism and agriculture, taking into account that they show causal relationship. Discouraging economic and financial position of agriculture causes the inability of the rural population to independently develop the tourist activity aimed at generating additional income and improving the living standards. The development of rural tourism can be a driving force of agricultural development, i.e. of the economic development of the rural areas and improvement of unfavourable demographic situation thereof. This is especially important for the Republic of Serbia, where every fourth village is dying out. Rural tourism development would provide positive economic effects on the level of agricultural holdings, local economic communities, as well as on the level of state.<br />Financial resources persist to be one of the biggest limitations of rural tourism development in the Republic of Serbia, which puts forward and supports the topic of this doctoral thesis and the need for the proposed research. Financial resources remain to be the developmental constraint in terms of insufficiency and the unavailability of solid financial resources.<br />Mr Gordana Đ. Radović Doktorska disertacija<br />&bdquo;Modaliteti finansiranja ruralnog turizma u Republici Srbiji&ldquo;<br />7<br />The primary goal of this research is to present the former and current, as well as to define the potential modalities of financing the rural tourism and rural tourism offer in the Republic of Serbia. Plausible rural tourism funding modalities include: (1) financing of tourism offer (in the narrow sense) in the initial stage of structured development; (2) financing of tourism offer (in the narrow sense) in the developed stage; (3) financing the development of tourist facilities; (4) financing the development of rural infrastructure; (5) financing the development of human resources in rural tourism; (6) investing in the development of the rural tourism product promotion; (7) investing in the development of the rural tourism product sales channels. Secondary goal of this research is to analyze the factors that may have an impact on self-financing of the service providers in rural tourism in the Republic of Serbia.<br />The dissertation analyzes various experiences related to the development and financing of rural tourism in the European Union, Slovenia, Croatia, Hungary, Austria and Romania. Synthesizing all of them leads to relevant conclusions and proposals related to funding, but also to redesigning the domestic rural tourism offer, which could indirectly influence improvement of the economic status of rural tourism in Serbia, and consequently the potential to self-finance this activity.</p>

This study aims to investigate how aid organisations with different means of financing respond to corruption allegations, and how the perceived risk of reputational loss affects that response.  The method used to answer the research question was a collective case study where three different aid organisations, Oxfam GB, UNDP and SIDA, which all have different funding mechanisms, were compared in their response to corruption allegations - before and after the public gained knowledge of those allegations. The analysis shows that there is a difference in the response to corruption allegations between the cases, namely that Oxfam GB and UNDP developed their response to a large extent when the public learnt of the allegations, SIDA on the other hand did not change their response at all. However, donor pressure seems to be more important for this induced change rather than the perceived risk of reputational loss.

Blended finance (“BF”) is a form of structuring finance which involves using foreign aid to leverage commercial funding to a project. The topic is generally under researched, despite its increased importance in development finance and as a tool in attaining the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This research set out to investigate if BF was being applied in a justified manner in private sector renewable energy (“RE”) projects in Sub-Saharan Africa (“SSA”). The first two sub-questions looked at the criteria considered when qualifying projects for BF, and the factors influencing terms offered. The final sub-question was to seek operational evidence of appropriate BF usage. Data was collected through a series of semi-structured interviews with Donors, Development Finance Institutions (“DFIs”) and research institutions and analyzed using an inductive thematic approach. A descriptive case study was used to answer the final sub-question, and involved interviews with key individuals involved with the BF approval process in the selected project. The results suggest that BF is being applied in a justified manner. Sub-question one found that there is a difference in the criteria considered by Donors and DFIs when offering BF. Donor principles appear to be broader, due to their limited engagement on individual projects and delegated investment authority to DFIs. Having a development rationale and economic case for the use of BF was a prominent theme with DFIs and Donors. Factors influencing the BF terms offered to projects were difficult to extract due to the sensitive nature of the topic. Four factors did emerge, with minimizing concessionality being an overarching theme. For the final sub-question, the Mocuba Solar project was used as a case study and provided much needed evidence on the detailed processes followed in assessing the projects need for BF and how terms were derived. This research sheds light on the project level use of BF in the SSA RE IPP context and identifies areas where improvements can be made. Having more BF case studies and an agreed definition of BF for reporting purposes were recommendations to ensure BF is applied effectively.

The purpose of this research was to develop and test a group of predictors that could be used by fundraisers to determine potential corporate support for environmental and recreational programs. Local surveys were conducted to determine environmental and recreational needs for Cache Valley and twenty interviews were held with local corporate managers. The information gathered in these interviews and the literature review provided a list of approximately 20 variables which were narrowed down to 10 to predict both the potential for giving and the level of giving. A proposal for a youth training project was developed and local Forest Service personnel agreed to administer and supervise the program. The proposal was sent to the twenty corporations previously interviewed. Before asking them for a commitment, each corporation was rated on their potential for giving and level of giving. Results were analyzed using the Chi Square and Pearson coefficient and validated the hypothesis.

The purpose of this project is to identify sources of funding for sustainable building projects and create a catalog of the findings. This study targeted the nonprofit, humanitarian, and private organization sectors with the goal to encourage subsequent projects that may positively impact the quality of life for people in need. It has been predicted that in the next 25 years 75% of America's built environment will be either new or renovated. The downside is that new buildings cause substantial ecological damage due to the extraction of materials and account for as much as 40% of all greenhouse gases. As a result, trends in the industry of design show growth in the green-building market. How do organizations without financial means maintain environmental responsibility as they build to meet needs? Besides identifying financing sources for above-mentioned types of organizations, this thesis also offers a model for the grant-finding process geared toward first-time searchers/applicants. Applicable sources of funding from this catalog will be recommended to the Teton Valley Community School (TVCS), winner of the 2009 Open Architecture Challenge, in Victor, Idaho, and the case study for this project. At the time of this study, between September, 2009 and February, 2010, the Teton Valley Community School was in the process of seeking out grant opportunities for their innovative, sustainable classroom project. At this writing, the total figure to be raised has not yet been determined, though it is expected to be in the $5-10 million range. The TVCS master plan is to eventually build five additional classrooms with design objectives to create flexible spatial configurations, reduce the school's ecological footprint, and build a strong connection to the outdoors in response to the mountain climate where they are located.

No description available.

Abstract Print media reports on the SABC suggest that the public service broadcaster (PSB) is undergoing a crisis in terms of fulfilling its PSB responsibilities. Hence, this study examines whether the SABC is a genuine PSB. In examining the SABC as a PSB, theories of media and democracy and critical political economy of the media are used. However, this study also engages with the corollary theories of the public sphere, the public interest, PSB, and development journalism. The study uses the PSB characteristics of independence, accountability, distinctiveness and finance as themes to ascertain whether the SABC is a genuine PSB. The methodology of this study consists of institutional analysis, document analysis (which is split into a policy analysis and an examination of print media reports on the SABC) and semi-structured interviews. The study finds that firstly, the SABC’s independence, both politically and economically, is eroded. Secondly, although the SABC is accountable to the state and ICASA, the institution is not adequately accountable to the public it claims to serve. Thirdly, due to the SABC’s reliance on commercial sources of funding, the institution is increasingly shifting towards commercialisation. Fourthly, due to the SABC’s increasing shift towards commercialisation, the institution’s high-quality content provision is being compromised. Hence, the SABC’s distinctiveness in comparison to other broadcasters is eroding. The SABC’s violation of the central tenets of PSB is indicative of a governance crisis within the institution, but most importantly, it indicates that the SABC is not a genuine PSB. A core reason for the SABC’s inability to fulfil the central tenets of PSB and the governance crisis that has befell the institution, are flaws in legislation. The legislation that governs the SABC does not adequately ensure the institution’s independence from the government or its accountability to the public. Consequently, legislation governing the SABC inhibits the institution from fulfilling its PSB responsibilities.

My dissertation examines the enrollment patterns of White children in traditional U.S. public schools in 2010. I link schools to their attendance boundaries to compare the percentage of White children living in a catchment area to the percentage of White children who attend the local neighborhood school. I find that just under a third of schools are roughly representative of their catchment area (29%), the plurality are underrepresented White (40%), and the remaining 31% are overrepresented White. Descriptive analyses determine that White underrepresentation is more common in urban schools. White underrepresented schools tend to be in poorer neighborhoods and have a higher-than-average share of students in poverty and students with limited English proficiency. I investigate whether there is a connection between White representation and school quality outcomes. I focus on four facets of school quality that I hypothesize might be responsive to White representation: 1) school funding metrics, 2) school-supporting nonprofit presence, 3) standardized test scores, and 4) Gifted and Talented programming. Overall, the findings here offer mixed support for the theory of “opportunity hoarding,” in which White underrepresented schools receive fewer resources. Taken together, descriptive analyses find that White underrepresentation is largely associated with negative outcomes. White underrepresented schools have less public and charitable funding than their peers. White underrepresented schools are lower performing academically than White overrepresented schools, although they are not clearly academically different from representative White schools. White underrepresented schools are not necessarily less likely to have a GAT program, but when they do have a GAT program, it disproportionately targets White students. Furthermore, multivariate analyses reveal that the bivariate relationships between White representation and school outcomes are not entirely explained by the percentage of White students in a school, nor other covariates. This suggests that there is a meaningful distinction between White representation and the percentage of White students in a school. In other words, White representation tells us something about a school, net of the presence of White students. However, this was not the case for every multivariate model in the study. I find a significant negative association between White representation and school funding. White underrepresented schools have significantly lower mean teacher salaries and per-pupil salary expenditures, net of the percentage of White students within the school. This could be evidence that disproportionately low White enrollment leads to diminished school resources or less experienced teachers. Alternately, it could be that White families are more adept than non-White families at avoiding under-resourced schools. I find no evidence of a connection between White representation and whether a school has a school-supporting nonprofit. Instead, the economic composition of the school appears to be a more important driver of school nonprofit presence and nonprofit revenue. I also find no connection between White representation and test scores. However, White representation appears to influence the racial composition of GAT programs. Schools that are less White than their neighborhoods tend to have GAT programs that are significantly Whiter than the schools. / Sociology