Jersey law, and within it Jersey property law, has received little academic attention. This thesis seeks to examine, and provide a systematic account of, the Jersey law of property. Specific aspects of substantive law are explored. From these, general observations about the nature and structure of property law are made. Unsurprisingly, given the small size of the island, Jersey has a relatively limited amount of indigenous legal material to offer, much of it in French. Inevitably, there are gaps in the sources and some way of addressing these has to be determined before a systematic account of the law is possible. Juristic writing and modern caselaw demonstrate consistent recourse to the laws of other jurisdictions when gaps are encountered. Norman law, modern French law, and English law (to a much lesser extent and mainly where it conforms to Roman law) are used in the cases on property law, and thus also in this thesis. Reference is also made to the law of Guernsey (Jersey’s sister jurisdiction) but the difficulties encountered in researching Jersey law are no less evident there. In areas such as the law of servitudes, Roman law is often referred to explicitly by the Jersey jurists and by the commentators on Norman law. The influence of Roman law is also evident in the division between real rights and personal rights, sometimes barely visible in Jersey law, and is also a general backdrop to the rules on classification of things. Norman feudal law remains vestigially in place but the structure of the law and its individual rules bear many civilian characteristics. For this reason, in addition to Jersey sources, Norman law, modern French law, and any other materials used by the courts, other jurisdictions with civilian systems of property law are also referred to, specifically mixed jurisdictions, of which Jersey is one.

Habilitationsschrift--Ratisbon. / Includes bibliographical references (p. xxi-xcviii) and index.

Markéta Novotná Abstract - The Feudo-vassal System on Royal Estates in Early Modern Bohemia The study is devoted to the topic of feudo-vassal relations in early modern Bohemia presented on a sample of specific royal and chamber domains at the castle Karlštejn. The first part of the thesis describes how the feudo-vassal tenures were treated in Czech and European historical studies, using impulses from the philosophy and sociology. The others chapters are dedicated to the main object of this analysis - to the Karlštejn vassal system - a group of small-sized estates connected to castle Karlštejn through feudo-vassal bonds. The second chapter of the thesis deals with the problem of historical consciousness, where the castle Karlštejn is imagined as the site of "the national memory", which strongly effected the interpretation of the Karlštejn vassal system. The third (main) part of the thesis presents the factual analysis of the Karlštejn vassal system from the last third of sixteenth century to the turn of the seventies and the eighties of the next century. At the end of the study the analysis of four chosen vassal estates is added. Key words: Karlštejn, historiography, vassals, feudal system, domain, chamber, lower nobility

Les historiens portent traditionnellement un regard sur le combat féodal très tranchés... et très opposés. Pour les uns, on ne pourra jamais savoir comment on se battait à l'époque féodale (Anglo, Bonfa...) ; pour les autres, la réalité ne devait pas être si éloignée de la littérature (Flori...). Ces avis antagonistes révèlent, selon nous, le fait que le combat féodal n'a pas été analysé précisément et que les bonnes questions n'ont pas été posées, tant sur le plan de l'Histoire que de celle du sport et des arts martiaux. Ainsi, plutôt que de se demander si la littérature donne un juste reflet ou non du combat des XIIe-XIIIe siècle, il appartient plutôt de se poser la question en terme de "principes de combat", et de voir à partir de là, ce qui est juste et ce qui est exagéré. En découle une vision beaucoup plus nuancé, beaucoup plus précise et pouvant servir à une analyse sociétale plus étendue. En effet, en posant la question selon ces "principes", cela amène à comprendre comment les auteurs du temps, ainsi que les artistes pour l'image, ont réussi à transcrire le mouvement dans leurs œuvres respectives : quels outils ont-ils créé, lesquels ont été copiés, améliorés, repris... En somme, au-delà de l'aspect gestuel, c'est une histoire de la pensée qui se dessine. Cette dernière étape fondamentale permet de faire le lien avec l'époque suivante, qui voit l'apparition des traités d'armes et livres de combat, littérature sur le combat non plus fictive, mais technique. Ce domaine de la recherche a intéressé récemment quatre travaux de doctorat, dont le dernier vient tout juste d'être soutenu (septembre 2016). En somme, notre travail - en se plaçant en amont de la période des traités d'armes - indique quels outils la littérature courtoise et l'imagerie essentiellement religieuse de la période des XIIe-XIIIe siècles ont permis d'apporter à la création des premiers livres d'armes. Naturellement, ce ne sont pas les seuls apports. D'autres outils de savoir, comme la diffusion dans le milieu lettré de la scolastique ou de la pensée aristotélicienne, influe sur ces ouvrages techniques. De plus, ceux-ci apparaissent aussi suite à un contexte favorable voyant le développement des salles d'armes, la diffusion de l'escrime dans la société (en particulier dans le milieu bourgeois) et la professionnalisation de la fonction de maître d'armes/d'escrime. Mais nos travaux montrent l'influence significative de la littérature courtoise, laquelle a dû, bien avant les livres d'armes, "montrer" le geste guerrier à un public et l'a fait évoluer sur les trois siècles précédant l'apparition du genre technique. Ce dernier en garde des traces dans ces premiers exemplaires, traces qui expliquent certaines maladresses et dont il ne s'affranchit que progressivement... / Historians traditionally wear a look at the very feudal fight ... and sliced ​​very opposite. For some, we will never know how they fought in feudal times (Anglo, Bonfa ...) for others, the reality was not to be so far from the literature (Flori ...). These conflicting opinions reveal, we believe that the feudal struggle was not analyzed precisely and that the right questions were not asked, both on the history of the plan that sport and martial arts . So rather than wondering if literature gives a fair reflection or not the battle of the twelfth-thirteenth century, it belongs rather to the question in terms of "fighting principles", and see from there it is right and what is exaggerated. The result is a much more nuanced view, much more accurate and can be used for a wider societal analysis. Indeed, by asking for these "principles", that leads to understand how the authors of the time, as well as artists for the image, managed to transcribe movement in their respective works: what tools did they create, which have been copied, improved resumed ... in sum, beyond the gestural aspect, it is a history of thought that is emerging. The last crucial step allows to link with the following period, which saw the emergence of the treaties of weapons and combat books, literature on either fictitious fight, but technical. This research was interested recently four doctoral work, the latter has just been born (September 2016). In sum, our work - by standing in front of the treaty period weapons - shows which tools courtly literature and essentially religious imagery from the period of XII-XIII centuries have helped to bring to the creation of the first pounds of weapons. Naturally, these are not the only contributions. Other tools to know, like diffusion in the literate environment of scholastic or Aristotelian thought, influences these technical books. Moreover, these also appear following a favorable context seeing the development of armories, dissemination of fencing in society (especially in the bourgeois middle) and the professionalization of the weapons master function / fencing. But our work shows the significant influence of courtly literature, which had long before the books of weapons, "showing" the warrior gesture to public and has evolved over the three centuries preceding the emergence of the genre technical. This warning signs in these first examples, traces that explain some blunders and which he never freed gradually ...

The work submitted is focused on the issue of the feudal institute. Based on an analysis of the Latin terminology, the metamorphoses of the terminology and its context, it attempts to capture the form and importance of this phenomenon in 'everyday practice', as it is portrayed particularly by the diplomatic sources. The text is comprised of two basic parts. The first section deals with the composition of the image of the feudal institution on the background information of the sources of imperial provenience. It is not possible to treat the imperial sources as whole within this work and so attention is focused on the wider region spread in the area of Harz, which is delimited by five bishoprics - Miessen, Naumburg, Hildesheim, Halberstadt and Merseburg. The basic sources are the diplomatic materials of the mentioned dioceses, which complement the collection of documents of the two most powerful secular ducal families asserting influence in this area in the long term - the Houses of Welph and Ascania. The subject of the analysis is first of all the Latin, or German, terminology and its importance in the range from ca the 10th to the beginning of the 14th centuries. Considering the state of the preserved document production, however, the main attention focuses on the last two centuries of the period mentioned....

This thesis examines the struggle between King Louis XI and the great feudal houses of the fifteenth century such as Burgundy, Brittany, Anjou, Armagnac, Bourbon, and Foix. It attempts to provide a detailed narrative based on the primary sources and the excellent studies on individual feudal princes produced by a number of French historians, supplemented by a critical analysis of the traditional view of Louis XI as the "vainquer de la grande féodalité."

L’œuvre de Georges Duby appartient à un moment très précis de l’évolution des études historiques en France, marqué par l’effort de toute une génération d’historiens pour définir les voies par lesquelles les représentations mentales seraient incorporées comme des vrais objets de l’histoire. En nous efforçant de le situer au sein d’un paysage historiographique plus vaste, notre objectif est de montrer que Georges Duby a construit, pendant un quart de siècle, un projet d’histoire sociale qui, centré sur la dialectique entre le matériel et le mental, a fini par s’afficher comme un modèle pour (et comme un plaidoyer en faveur de) l’exploration historienne des réalités immatérielles. Notre analyse est centrée sur le livre Les Trois Ordres ou l’Imaginaire du Féodalisme, qui nous paraît être le couronnement de ce programme d’histoire sociale dont les premières pierres ont été posées, vingt cinq ans plus tôt, à l’occasion de sa thèse sur la société mâconnaise des XIe et XIIe siècles. Nous avons attiré l’attention sur la manière dont, portant sur un objet alors très en vogue au sein des études médiévales (la représentation sociale des « trois ordres »), cet ouvrage a offert à Georges Duby l’occasion de revenir sur plus de vingt ans de controverses entre l’histoire et les sciences voisines, sur les débats autour du pouvoir contraignant des systèmes de représentation et sur l’image que les médiévistes de sa génération avaient héritée de ce qu’aurait été la société que l’on a convenu d’appeler « féodale ». Nous avons montré, enfin, comment ce projet d’une histoire sociale ancrée sur l’étude de l’articulation entre le matériel et le mental a été conçu par Duby comme une manière de réaffirmer plus vigoureusement le rôle central de l’histoire au sein des sciences de l’homme. / The work of Georges Duby belongs to a specific moment of the evolution of the historical studies in France, distinguished by the effort of a whole historian’s generation to define the paths by which the mental representations would be incorporated as true objects of history. Attempting to incorporate it in the scope of a wider historiographical picture, our purpose is to show that Georges Duby raised, during a quarter of century, a project of social history centered in the dialectics between the material and the mental. We argue that this project finally acted as a model (and as a defense plea of) of the historical exploitation of the immaterial realities. Our analyses is focused on the book Les Trois Ordres ou l’Imaginaire du Féodalisme, that we consider the accomplishment of this social history program whose foundations were set in his thesis on society in the Mâconnais in the 11thand 12th centuries, twenty years early. Dedicated to the social model of the three orders, a subject much in vogue at that time, Les Trois Ordres gives to Georges Duby the opportunity to review more than twenty years of dispute concerning the relationship between history and social sciences. He also could revise the debates concerning the constraining power of mental representations and, furthermore, call into question the image his own generation have inherited of the society that we call “feudal”. We will finally show how Duby’s social history, focused on the links between material infrastructure and mental images, intended to reaffirm the central role of history among social sciences.

Jan Nepomuk, count Harrach (1828-1909) was a member of an antient aristocratic dynasty, an important squirearch, a politician and a member of the Conservative Great Landowners Party; but also, a Czech aristocrat. The aim of this work is to provide a detailed analysis of political activities, views and ideas of count Harrach, conveyed through his writings, articles and speeches presented on the Bohemian land diet; and to present him not only as a conservative faithful to his class but also as an aristocrat, who willfully claimed allegiance to ethnic-linguistic conception of the Czech consciousness. The work follows a narrower focus on Jan Nepomuk's activities mentioned above, however it attempts to put them in context of his life and historical period, which constitute inseparable context. The source basis for the study are first and foremost archives from the personal literary remains of count Harrach stored in the National Archives of Austria in Vienna. Alongside, the contemporary press and administrative sources have also been used. The presented work is also a contribution to the studies of the history of the Bohemian aristocracy and its political activities and attempts to balance two stereotypes that were and to some extent still are typical for this field of historical studies - the a priori...

<p>This thesis is a historical archaeological essay and deals with the Frankish empire and its sway over the European area. The aim of this essay has been to examine if the sway of the Franks reached the Scandinavian area. The Frankish empire was the most influential power in Western Europe from the 6th century until the death of Charlemagne 814 AD, when the kingdom began to disrupt. The essay is divided into three parts. The first part is a background where I describe the Frankish empire in a historical context. The second part contains the archaeological finds. The third part contains a discussion and conclusions.</p>

This thesis is a historical archaeological essay and deals with the Frankish empire and its sway over the European area. The aim of this essay has been to examine if the sway of the Franks reached the Scandinavian area. The Frankish empire was the most influential power in Western Europe from the 6th century until the death of Charlemagne 814 AD, when the kingdom began to disrupt. The essay is divided into three parts. The first part is a background where I describe the Frankish empire in a historical context. The second part contains the archaeological finds. The third part contains a discussion and conclusions.