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Our modern society depends on the functioning and interplay of a wealth of infrastructures. Practicallyall of these infrastructures are in some form or another, dependent on electrical and electronicsystems. The majority of modern infrastructure is dependent on electric power and controlled bySupervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. Electronic systems are sensitive toelectromagnetic interference and at the same time, sources of electromagnetic interference are becomingmore readily available on the market.This means that certain important electronic infrastructure could be exposed to the risk of intentionalelectromagnetic interference (IEMI). Therefore, and also due to the complex nature of electronicinfrastructure, a comprehensive risk assessment methodology is needed. A game-theoretic approachfor quantitative risk assessment of the recently recognised threat of intentional electromagneticinterference on critical infrastructures is presented. The thesis bridges the gap between thefields of IEMI and risk analysis and lays a foundation for further development within this multidisciplinaryfield.In paper I, the probability distribution function of the electric field strength from a continuouswave source is estimated in complex building structures. Probability distribution functions arecombined for small and large scale fluctuations.In paper II, a structured risk assessment framework is presented for identifying and quantifyingthe risk of IEMI on a distribution network infrastructure. The dimensions and components of riskare dissected and a suitable definition of risk is formulated.In paper III, an operational model is formulated to optimise the operation of a wireless networkunder the course of a coordinated jamming attack. The model captures the time dimension andillustrates how the network operator must dynamically control the network so as to reduce the totalnetwork operational cost. / Det moderna samhället är starkt beroende av funktionaliteten och samspelet mellan en mängd olikainfrastrukturer. Alla dessa infrastrukturer beror på ett eller annat sätt på elektriska och elektroniskasystem. Majoriteten av modern infrastruktur är beroende av elkraft och styrs av så kallade SupervisoryControl and Data Aquisition (SCADA) system. Elektronik är känslig mot elektromagnetiskastörningar och samtidigt har elektromagnetiska störsändare blivit alltmer lättillgängligt för allmänhetenpå marknaden.Således kan viss kritisk teknisk infrastruktur vara utsatt för risk av avsiktliga elektromagnetiskastörningar. Denna sårbarhet och komplexiteten hos elektronisk infrastruktur kräver en utförlig metodför riskanalys. Här presenteras en spelteoretisk metod för kvantitativ riskanalys av det relativtnyligen identifierade hotet avsiktlig elektromagnetisk störning av samhällsviktig teknisk infrastruktur.Avhandlingen knyter ihop ämnesområdena IEMI och riskanalys och lägger en grund för vidareutveckling inom samverkansområdet.I papper I beräknas sannolikhetsfördelningen hos elektriska fältstyrkan från en kontinuerlig vågkällai komplexa byggnadsstrukturer. Sannolikhetsfördelningar kombineras för små och storskaligafluktuationer.I papper II presenteras ett strukturerat ramverk för riskanalys som identifierar och kvantifierarrisken för IEMI hos en infrastruktur i form av ett distributionsnätverk. Dimensionerna och komponenternaav risk identifieras och riskbegreppet definieras specifikt för IEMI.I papper III formuleras en “operational model” som optimerar underhållningen av ett trådlöstnätverk under ett koordinerat jamming attack. Modellen tar hänsyn till tidsdimensionen och illustrerarhur nätverksoperatorn måste dynamiskt styra om nätverket så att totala underhållningskostnaden minimeras. / <p>QC 20170317</p>

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In this thesis, I make intelligible Plotinus’ notion of sympathy by explicating the cause of sympathy within Plotinus’ universe and the effects of sympathy. I do this by using a framework inspired by the Stoic literature on sympathy which distinguishes between three interrelated features of sympathy: Unity, global sympathy, and local sympathy. I show that for Plotinus sympathetic interactions are possible because of the numeric identity of soul with all its parts. I also show that the cause of this unity is the result of two metaphysical principles which govern a series of productions, which results in a diminishing unity from Plotinus first principle, the One, to matter which has no unity. I argue that the unity of soul is both necessary and sufficient for global sympathy (part-to-whole sympathetic interaction) but only necessary for local sympathy (part-to-part sympathetic interaction). In addition, I also explicate the underlying mechanisms of both local and global sympathy by appealing to the likeness principle (for local sympathy) and the inherent ‘Love’ and ‘Strife’ within the universe (for global sympathy).

In this thesis I present and defend Kris McDaniel’s ontological pluralism. Ontological pluralism for McDaniel is the doctrine that there are different ways of being. In The Fragmentation of Being (2017) McDaniel wants to motivate this thesis for reasonable ontological outlooks. For example, if you believe there only exists concrete entities and abstract entities, you might also believe that these entities have a different way of being. McDaniel’s motivation for ontological pluralism is theoretical. The theoretical motivation attempts to show how being behaves differently when we apply it to entities of different kinds. If McDaniel can show that being behaves differently when applied to objects of different kinds, then we can begin to see why we would have good reason to think there are different ways of being. McDaniel has two tests to show this, the first is showing if a feature is systematically variably axiomatic (SVA) or systematically variably polyadic (SVP). If a feature is SVA, then the principles which govern a feature differ systematically for different kinds of entities and if a feature is SVP, then the number of entities needing to saturate the feature differ systematically when applied to different kinds of entities. McDaniel argues that if being is either SVA or SVP for some reasonable ontological schema, then we have good reason to be ontological pluralist. In this thesis I will defend this position against several objections which come from Terenton Merricks, Sungil Han, and Wouter Cohen. The objections they present attack different aspects of McDaniel’s thesis which attempt to undermine the justification for positing a difference in being. I will argue that these objections fail for various reasons.

In 1957, H.P Grice published his reflexive model of meaning. Here, the production of meaning is described as the intentional co-operation between conversational parties to mutually interpret and communicate in the manner they believe will lead to mutual understanding. Green (2007) claims that intent to cause belief is not necessary for speaker meaning to occur, and that meaning is produced simply when one intends to express. In this essay i will show that Greens’ model may involve all verbal and non-verbal acts, and that if this is the case, that the use of these acts can be meaningful if done intentionally.

In this essay I am going to examine the meaning of the absent will in Schopenhauer’s willless subject of knowledge. I will try to answer the question of why the genius have to get rid of her will during her creative process and the consequences if the individual will prevail. I will also compare Nietzsche’s description of ”rausch” with Schopenhauer’s will-less subject of knowledge. Finally, I will try to place Schopenhauer’s will-less subject of knowledge in a contemporary context.