Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1980. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-117).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Auburn University. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 154-160).

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, August, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-63).

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, August, 2004. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61-63)

In U.S. swine herds, sow removal rates due to death and voluntary and involuntary culling exceed 50% annually. This loss poses an economic problem for producers because the cost of acquiring replacement females is great. Although research has shown that crowding in the nursery has negative impacts on growth, research describing effects of crowding on subsequent reproductive performance and longevity in sows is lacking. This experiment was conducted to determine the impacts of crowding during the nursery phase of production on growth, physiology, and immunology in replacement gilts. Gilts (22.3 ± 3.2 d of age and 5.6 ± 0.6 kg BW) were subjected to floor space allocations of 0.15, 0.19, or 0.27 m2/pig during a 7-wk nursery period. Floor space allocations were achieved by altering the number of pigs per pen (14, 11, and 8 gilts/pen, respectively). As was expected, reduced floor space allowance in the nursery negatively affected growth performance although there was inconclusive physiological and immunological evidence to suggest that pigs were experiencing highly stressful conditions. Although feed intake was not measured, changes in blood counts and blood chemistry for gilts allowed reduced floor space were similar to other studies that reported negative effects of crowding on feed consumption. Further study of the gilts involved in this study will aim to determine if there are any links between the effects of crowding during the nursery and subsequent reproductive performance and longevity in the breeding herd. / Master of Science

The diploma thesis focuses on the analysis and comparison of rental flats in Hradec Králové. It compares the rent of flats located in different parts of the city. The thesis deals with factors determining the monthly rental. The data obtained in the research are divided into four categories according to floor space. A price map has been compiled for each of the four categories. The findings are summarized in tables and charts and commented on in the text.

Stoneridge Electronics AB behöver effektivisera sin materialhantering vid produktion av Mirror Eye för att optimera nyttjandet av fabriksytan. Den nuvarande materialhanteringen är inte standardiserad och belastar produktionen av Mirror Eye vilket kan hindra framtida expansionsmöjligheter. En nulägesanalys visade att icke-standardiserade arbetsprocesser råder och att slöserier enligt lean principer förekommer i produktionen av Mirror Eye. Mot bakgrund av detta syftar detta examensarbete till att analysera den nuvarande produktionen av Mirror Eye för att presentera en mer effektiv process för materialhantering, som kan optimera nyttjandet av fabriksyta på ett mer optimalt sätt. Examensarbetet använder ett metodologiskt tillvägagångssätt för att bearbeta problemet på ett vetenskapligt och strukturerat sätt genom observationer, intervjuer och litteraturläsning. Studier av tidigare lösningar har genomförts, vilka visade att flera företag inom branschen har stött på liknande problem och att flera alternativa lösningar tidigare har tillämpats. Den presenterade lösningen syftar till att optimera företagets materialhantering och underlätta arbetet för operatörer, samtidigt som den strukturerar och effektiviserar materialhanteringen. Lösningen har analyserats utifrån operatörernas ergonomiska perspektiv, produktivitet och ekonomin och dessa indikationer har fungerat som beslutsunderlag vid val av mest lämpliga alternativ. Resultatet av examensarbetet visade att materialhanteringen effektiviserades vilket ledde till optimerad ytanvändning, reduceringar i identifierade lean slöserier, bibehållen produktivitet och ergonomi.Framtida arbete för företaget kommer att fokusera på att hantera de identifierade felkällorna i samband med effektiviseringen av materialhanteringen. Dessutom kan tydliga koncept utvecklas för implementeringen i praktiken. Vidare bör företaget bedriva forskning om underhållskostnader, vilket har begränsats i denna undersökning eftersom sådana kostnader oftast uppstår som en följd av oförutsedda händelser. / Stoneridge Electronics AB needs to streamline its material handling in the production of Mirror Eye to optimize the usage of factory space. The current material handling practices are nonstandardized and puts tension on the production of Mirror Eye, potentially impeding future expansion opportunities. A situational analysis revealed the existence of non-standardized work processes and lean waste in the production of Mirror Eye. With this in hand, this thesis aims to analyze the current production of Mirror Eye to present a more efficient process for material handling that may optimize the usage of factory space more effectively. The thesis uses a methodological approach to address the problem scientifically and systematically through observations, interviews and literature review. Studies of previous solutions have been conducted, revealing similar challenges are faced by other companies in the industry and that various alternative solutions exist. The proposed solution aims to optimize the company’s material handling, streamline operations for the operators, and enhance material handling efficiency. The solution has been analyzed from the perspectives of operators’ ergonomics, productivity, and economics, serving as decision-makers in selecting the most suitable alternative. The result of the thesis showed that the material handling could be streamline which would lead to a more effective floor space usage, reduction in identified lean wastes, retained productivity and ergonomics.Future work for the company will focus on addressing the identified sources of errors associated with material handling efficiency. Clear concepts for practical implementation can also be developed. Furthermore, further research should be conducted on maintenance costs, which have been limited in this study due to their often-unpredictable nature.

Doctor of Philosophy / Animal Sciences and Industry / Michael D. Tokach / Three experiments using 2,385 pre-weaned pigs, growing pigs, and sows were performed in addition to a meta-analysis and industry survey. Experiment 1 tested the effects of sow vitamin D supplementation from vitamin D₃ (low, medium, or high) or 25OHD₃ (same IU equivalency as the medium level of vitamin D₃) on maternal performance, neonatal pig bone and muscle characteristics, subsequent pre-weaned pig performance and serum 25OHD₃ with only differences in serum 25OHD₃ being impacted. In the second experiment a subsample of pigs weaned from the maternal portion of the study were used in a split-plot design and fed 2 different forms of vitamin D in the nursery and growth performance was evaluated until the pigs reached market weight. Overall, the nursery vitamin D treatments did not impact growth; however, pigs from sows fed the medium level of vitamin D₃ performed better after weaning compared to pigs from sows fed the low or the high level of vitamin D₃, and serum 25OHD₃ was altered based on maternal and nursery vitamin D supplementation. In the third experiment, finishing pigs were initially provided 2 different floor space allowances (0.64 or 0.91 m²) and pigs initially provided 0.64 m² were subject to 1 of 3 marketing strategies which removed the heaviest pigs from the pen in order to provide additional floor space to the pigs remaining in the pen. Overall, pigs initially provided more floor space had improved ADG and ADFI, but increasing the number of marketing events increased ADG of the pigs remaining in the pen following market events. The meta-analysis suggested that a multi-term empirical model using random effects to account for known error and weighted observations to account for heterogeneous experimental designs and replication provided models that best fit the database. Also, the meta-analysis concluded that floor space allowance does influence ADG, ADFI, and G:F and BW of the pig can alter the floor space response. Finally, the vitamin and trace mineral survey suggested that a wide range of supplementation practices are used in the swine industry but most production systems supplement micronutrients above the basal requirement estimates of the animals.

Urban täthet är ett ideal som präglar dagens stadsplanering. Det framgår från styrdokument och andra handlingar samt de förtätningsprojekt, t.ex. Hagastaden i Stockholm, som är ett resultat av dessa. Denna uppsats syftar till att söka förståelse för hur urban täthet och rymlighet balanseras i just Hagastaden, samt hur Hagastaden liknar respektive skiljer sig från andra bebyggelseområden i detta avseende. En täthetsjämförelse utförs mellan Hagastaden och Norra Djurgårdsstaden, ett annat förtätningsprojekt i Stockholm, dels på områdesnivå och dels på kvartersnivå. På områdesnivå beräknas exploateringstal över ett helt detaljplaneområde. I Hagastaden väljs planområde DP1 och i Norra Djurgårdsstaden planområde etapp Västra. På kvartersnivå beräknas nettoexploateringstal, markutnyttjande (andel bebyggd mark) och rymlighetstal, enligt definitioner angivna av Rådberg et al (1996), för ett kvarter i respektive område. I Hagastaden väljs kvarter Cellen och i Norra Djurgårdsstaden kvarter Töfsingdalen. Dessa kvarter jämförs även med de huvudgrupper av svenska stadstyper som beskrivs av Rådberg et al. Hagastadens offentliga friytor, dvs park- och torgytor, analyseras utifrån riktlinjer från styrdokumentet Grönare Stockholm samt den s.k. Alviksmodellen. Resultatet av täthetsjämförelsen visar vidare att Hagastaden är avsevärt tätare än både Norra Djurgårdsstaden och huvudgrupperna av svenska stadstyper. Planområde DP1 i Hagastaden har ett områdesvist exploateringstal på 2,54, jämfört med 1,65 för etapp Västra i Norra Djurgårdsstaden. Vidare har kvarter Cellen i Hagastaden ett nettoexploateringstal på 4,20, jämfört med 2,57 för kvarter Töfsingdalen i Norra Djurgårdsstaden. Båda kvarter överstiger alla huvudgrupper av svenska stadstyper med avseende på nettoexploateringstal, men liknar mest huvudgruppen Storstadsmässiga kvarter. Skillnaden i nettoexploateringstal verkar därmed bero på skillnaden i hushöjd, där kvarter Cellen har en genomsnittlig hushöjd på 11,1 våningar och kvarter Töfsingdalen 7,1 våningar. Planområde DP1 i Hagastaden med 16,7 % offentlig friyta Alviksmodellens riktlinje på minst 15 % offentlig friyta. Planområdet uppnår dock inte riktlinjen på minst 10 m2 offentlig friyta per boende med en offentlig friytetillgång på endast 6 m2 per boende. Vidare möts riktlinjerna för en god park- och naturtillgång endast delvis. / Urban density is an ideal that characterizes today's urban planning in Sweden. This is evident from various general planning documents as well as the densification projects, e.g. Hagastaden in Stockholm, which are a result of these. This paper aims to find an understanding of how urban density and spaciousness are balanced in Hagastaden, and how Hagastaden resembles or differs from other development areas in this respect. Hagastaden and Norra Djurgårdsstaden, another densification project in Stockholm, are compared with respect to density, partly at an area level and partly at a block level. As for the area level, the floor space index (FSI) is calculated for an entire detailed development plan area. In Hagastaden’s plan area DP1 and in Norra Djurgårdsstaden plan area etapp Västra. As for the block level, the floor space index (Swedish: nettoexploateringstal), land use (Swedish: andel bebyggd mark) and spaciousness index (Swedish: rymlighetstal) are calculated, as defined by Rådberg et al (1996), for one block in each area. The block Cellen is chosen in Hagastaden and in Norra Djurgårdsstaden the block Töfsingdalen. These blocks are also compared with the main groups of Swedish city types as described by Rådberg et al. Hagastaden's public open spaces, i.e. park and square areas, are analyzed based on guidelines from the document Grönare Stockholm and the so called Alviksmodellen. The result of the density comparison shows that Hagastaden is considerably denser than both Norra Djurgårdsstaden and the main groups of Swedish city types. DP1 in Hagastaden has an area-wide floor space index of 2.54, compared to 1.65 for etapp Västra in Norra Djurgårdsstaden. Furthermore, the housing block Cellen in Hagastaden has a floor space index of 4.20, compared to 2.57 for Töfsingdalen in Norra Djurgårdsstaden. Both blocks exceed all main groups of Swedish city types with respect to floor space index, but most closely resemble the main group Big city blocks (Swedish: Storstadsmässiga kvarter). The difference in floor space index seems to be mainly due to the difference in number of floors, where the block Cellen has an average number of 11.1 floors and the block Töfsingdalen 7.1 floors. DP1 in Hagastaden, with a 16.7 % share of public open space, achieves the Alviksmodellen guideline of at least 15% public open space. However, it does not achieve the guideline of at least 10 m2 of public open space per resident with only 6 m2 per resident. Furthermore, the guidelines for good access to park and nature are only partly met.

The research problem addressed in this study was to analyse and report on the potential use of Spoornet’s excess warehousing to support the Industrial Development Zones (IDZs) in the Eastern Cape. In order to achieve this objective, a literature study was undertaken to ascertain the world-class practices for warehousing. A study was conducted on Spoornet strategy in order to determine whether the company can apply its existing strategy for warehouse operations. The empirical results obtained, indicated that there would be a need for warehousing to support the IDZs in the Eastern Cape. There would be opportunities for storage of raw materials, distribution of parts for production, and finished goods to be delivered to consumers. Spoornet has gained ground on its competitor with respect to logistics and has progressed with its “Freight Logistics Solution” initiative. In conclusion it was recommended that Spoornet uses its existing strategy and convert their goods sheds into world-class warehousing. The warehouse space can be used as a trade-off to gain rail clients.