Simultaneous solution of the conservation equations for energy and chemical species in conjunction with radiative transfer equation was carried out by coupling a previously developed and tested system model of fluidized bed combustion (FBC) to an existing radiation model. The predictive accuracy of the coupled code was assessed by applying it to 0.3 MWt METU Atmospheric Bubbling Fluidized Bed Combustor (ABFBC) Test Rig burning lignite in its own ash and comparing its predictions with the measured temperatures and concentrations of gaseous species along the combustor and radiative heat fluxes incident on the refractory-lined freeboard walls on two combustion tests, with and without recycle. The predictions of the coupled code were found to be in good agreement with the measurements. For the investigation of the significance of coupling of the radiation model to the system model, temperature predictions of the coupled code were compared with those obtained by the original system model. It was found that the effect of incorporating a radiation model into the system model on the predictions was not significant because the high temperatures of refractory-lined freeboard walls and high surface to volume ratio of the test rig under consideration cause the incident radiative heat fluxes to be dominated by walls rather than the particle laden gas emissions. However, in industrial boilers, freeboard is surrounded by water-cooled membrane walls and boilers have much lower surface to volume ratio. In order to examine the effects of both on radiation in industrial boilers, an investigation was carried out on 16 MWt Stationary Fluidized Bed Boiler (SFBB) by applying radiation model, in isolation from the system model, to the freeboard of the boiler. It was found that in the boiler, incident radiative heat fluxes were dominated by particle laden gas emissions. In brief, the coupled code proposed in this study proves to be a useful tool in qualitatively and quantitatively simulating the processes taking place in an atmospheric fluidized bed boilers.

The purpose of this project was to produce a “greener” cement from granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS) using non-Portland cement activation. By eventually developing “greener” cement, the ultimate goal of this research project would be to reduce the amount of Portland cement used in concrete, therefore reducing the amount of carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere during cement production. This research studies the behavior of mineral binders that do not contain Portland cement but instead comprise GGBS activated by calcium compounds or fluidized bed combustion (FBC) bottom ash. The information described in this paper was collected from experiments including calorimetry, which is a measure of the release of heat from a particular reaction, the determination of activation energy of cement hydration, mechanical strength determination, and pH measurement and identification of crystalline phases using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that it is possible to produce alkali-activated binders with incorporated slag, and bottom ash, which have mechanical properties similar to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). It was determined that the binder systems can incorporate up to 40% bottom ash without any major influence on binder quality. These are positive results in the search for “greener cement”.

Selective oxidation and sulfation roasting of nickel concentrate followed by leaching was investigated as a novel route for nickel production. In the oxidation roasting stage, the iron species in the nickel concentrate was preferentially oxidized to form iron oxides, leaving non-ferrous metals (Ni, Cu, Co) as sulfides. The roasted product was then sulfation roasted to convert the sulfides of the latter metals into water-soluble sulfates. The sulfates were then leached into solution for further recovery and separation from iron oxides. The oxidation of nickel concentrate was firstly studied by means of thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis over a wide temperature range. A reaction scheme was deduced, in which preferential oxidation of iron sulfide species occurred over a wide temperature range up to about 700 ºC, forming a Ni1-xS core with iron oxide shell. A batch fluidized bed roaster was then constructed to study the oxidation and sulfation roasting of nickel sulfide concentrate. Oxidation roasting tests were carried out at temperatures between 650 °C and 775 °C. It was found that low temperatures (e.g. 650 °C) are favorable for the preferential oxidation of iron sulfide species while minimizing the formation of nickeliferous oxides, i.e. trevorite and NiO. Several parameters were varied in the sulfation roasting experiments, including the sulfation gas flowrate, sulfation roasting temperature, the addition of Na2SO4, sulfation roasting time, and the oxidation roasting temperature. Under optimized conditions of sulfation gas composition (95% air, 5% SO2), temperature (700 °C), Na2SO4 addition (10 wt%) and time (150 min), the conversions to sulfates were 79% Ni, 91% Cu, and 91% Co. Only 5% Fe forms water-soluble sulfate. The residue from the leaching of calcine in water contained 49% Fe and 10% Ni, which is a suitable feedstock for the production of ferronickel alloys. Therefore, further studies were also conducted to evaluate the reduction behavior of the residue with CO, H2 and graphite.

A systematic in-depth study has been undertaken to establish the corrosion mechanism of a Model 25Cr-35Ni-Fe alloy and four commercial alloys HP40Nb, AISI314, HP40Al and Alloy 800H in low oxygen, high sulphur and carbon containing environments typically found in coal gasification and fluidised bed combustion processes. A review of present knowledge of corrosion processes in purely oxidizing, sulphidizing and carburizing environments and multiple reactant carburizing/ oxidizing, carburizing/sulphizing and oxidizing/sulphidizing environments is given. The experimental programme was designed to establish the role of sulphur on the corrosion process by studying corrosion mechanisms in a sulphurfree H2-7%C0-1.5%H2o gas, a low sulphur H2-7%C0-1.5%H20-0.2%H 2 S gas (pS2_8= 10 bar), and a high sulphur H 2 -7%C0-1.5%H 2 0-0.6%H 2 S gas (pS = lO bar) at 800'C. All_21j_hree environments had a constant partiaf pressure of oxygen (po2 = 10 bar) and carbon activity (ac = 0.3). In the sulphur-free gas the Model alloy formed a thin uniform cr 2 o 3 layer which grew at a constant parabolic rate throughout the exposure period of 0 - 5000 hours. Surface working increased the growth rate and thickness of the Cr 2 o 3 layer but created a large number of cracks and pores which allowed carbon containing gaseous species to diffuse through the oxide to form carbide precipitates in the alloy substrata. Alloying additions of Si promoted the formation of an inner SiO layer which reduced the corrosion rate by cutting off the outward diffusion of Cr, Mn and Fe. Alloying additions of Mn promoted the formation of an additional outer (Mn, Fe )Cr 2o 4 layer. The 3. 5% Al content of the HP40Al was insufficient to form a complete Al 2 o3 layer. Alloy 800H was susceptible to localised internal oxidation. Adding a low level of sulphur (0.2% H 2 S) to the gas increased the corrosion rate of the Model alloy in the 1nitial stages. This rate gradually slowed down before becoming parabolic after 1000 - 2000 hours. This was due to the nucleation of sulphides in addition to oxides. The oxides and sulphides grew side by side until the oxides overgrew the sulphides to form a complete Cr 2o3 layer which cut off further ingress of sulphur from the gas. The entrapped sulphides promoted localized thickening of the oxide layer. Eventually the sulphur redistributed from the sulphides in the scale to internal sulphide precipitates in the alloy with the corrosion rate returning to that of the sulphur-fre,e gas for the rest of the exposure period (5000 hours total). In the commercial alloys the internal sulphide precipitates prevented the inner Si02 layer becoming complete. Sulphur doped the (Mn, Fe) Cr 2 0 4 outer layer ana the intermediate Cr 2o3 layer formed from the spinal layer, increasing the number of cation . vacancies and the growth rate of the scale. These factors caused a massive Cr depletion of the alloy substrata after several thousand hours. The internal carbides became unstable which led to a massive amount of internal attack and a dramatic increase (breakaway) in the corrosion rate. Due to its thickness and the presence of Si02 inner layer the external scale became susceptible to spallation. If this occurred the oxides and sulphides nucleated on the alloy surface again but sulphides. protective alloy. insufficient Cr was available for the oxides to overgrow the The sulphides therefore grew to form a fast growing nonsulphide scale which soon led to catastrophic failure of the Increasing the level of sulphur in the gas to 0.6% H2S caused oxides and sulphides to nucleate on the surface, but in this case the sulphides overgrew the oxides to form thick fast growing non-protective sulphide scales on all the alloys.

Resumo: O reator aeróbio de leito fluidizado com circulação interna emprega microorganismos aderidos a um meio suporte uniforme (areia), removendo tanto matéria orgânica quanto nitrogenada. Neste experimento foram estudados dois reatores com 2,6 m de altura cuja diferença era o diâmetro do tubo interno (125 e 150 mm) e foram aplicadas diferentes concentrações de meio suporte ao longo do estudo (100, 125 e 150 g.L-1). Ensaios realizados com água limpa utilizando traçador (NaCl) e sondas de condutividade elétrica mostraram que, nas vazões de ar entre 1500 - 3000 L.h-1, ocorre circulação suficiente para a suspensão do meio suporte. O esgoto doméstico passou por peneiramento estático e foram realizadas análises de DBO, DQO, NT, Namon, NO2, NO3, sólidos, espessura do biofilme, turbidez, temperatura, pH, OD e testes microbiológicos (Gram, esporos e catalase). Observou-se que a adição de meio suporte influencia positivamente na eficiência de remoção de matéria nitrogenada, e que uma menor diferença entre as áreas interna e externa facilitam o equilíbrio do sistema, apresentando assim, eficiências melhores. / Abstract: Aerobic fluidized bed reactor with internal-loop uses microorganisms attached to a uniform carrier (sand), removing carbonaceous and nitrogenous matter. In this experimental work two reactors with 2,6 m height were studied. The main difference between both reactors was the inner tube diameter (125 and 150mm). Different carrier concentrations were applied in that study (100, 125 and 150g.L-1). Experiments with clean water using a marker (NaCl) and electrical conductivity probes showed that with flow taxes between 1500 - 3000 L.h-1 occurs sufficient circulation to suspend the carrier. The sewage passed by static screening and analyses of BOD, COD, total nitrogen, Namon, NO2, NO3, suspend solids, biofilm thickness, turbidity, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and microbiological test (Gram, spores and catalysis) were realized. In that work, was observed that the addition of carrier has positive influences on nitrogenous matter removal efficiency, and lower differences between indoor/outdoor area facilitate system balance, showing better efficiencies. / Orientador: Milton Dall'Aglio Sobrinho / Coorientador: Dib Gebara / Banca: Vanildo Luiz Del Bianchi / Banca: Ranulfo Monte Alegre / Mestre

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-17T19:08:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DANIELLE DE LIMA VIEIRA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEM) 2017.pdf: 2977283 bytes, checksum: 76868ac7a0711cd9560eee5a78b8bf43 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T19:08:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DANIELLE DE LIMA VIEIRA – DISSERTAÇÃO (PPGEM) 2017.pdf: 2977283 bytes, checksum: 76868ac7a0711cd9560eee5a78b8bf43 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09 / Na indústria petroquímica e de processamento de petróleo o riser é o principal equipamento da unidade de craqueamento catalítico fluido (FCC), utilizado para o refino de frações pesadas do petróleo. Para o projeto e otimização do riser é essencial compreender a termofluidodinâmica da mistura gás -sólido no seu interior. Neste aspecto a fluidodinâmica computacional (CFD) tem demonstrado ser uma boa alternativa para o estudo de sistemas complexos. Portanto, este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a termofluidodinâmica de um riser de FCC com alto fluxo, via CFD usando o software comercial Ansys Fluent versão 15. O modelo matemático é baseado na abordagem Euleriana – Euleriana, considerando a Teoria Cinética do Escoamento Granular (KTGF) e o modelo de turbulência de duas equações k - ϵ Disperso. Resultados numéricos dos campos de velocidade, fração volumétrica e pressão das fases gasosa e particulada, a temperatura constante, são apresentados, analisados e comparados com dados de uma planta experimental com 76 mm ID e altura de 10 m, apresentando boa concordância, exceto nas regiões com alta densidade de partículas. Assim, o modelo proposto mostrou-se mais adequado a representação do fluxo em regiões e condições operacionais que resultam em menores concentrações de partículas (menor fluxo de sólidos e/ou maior vazão do gás). / In the petrochemical and oil processing industry riser is the main equipment of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit, used for the refining of heavy petroleum fractions. For design and optimization of riser, it is essential to understand the thermo fluid dynamics of the gas-solid mixture inside. In this respect, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been shown to be a good alternative for the study of complex systems. Therefore, this work aims to study the thermo fluid dynamics of a FCC riser with high flux, via CFD using commercial software Ansys Fluent version 15. The mathematical model is based on the Eulerian - Eulerian approach, considering a Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow (KTGF) and the k - ϵ two equations turbulence model. Numerical results of fields of velocity, volumetric fraction and pressure of the gas and particulate phases, at constant temperature, are presented, analyzed and compared with data of an experimental plant with 76 mm ID and 10 m height, presenting good agreement, except in regions with high particle density. Thus, the proposed model showed better representation of the flow in regions and operating conditions that result in lower particle concentrations (lower solids flow and / or higher gas flow).

The pH is an important parameter in anaerobic reactors, may influence the rate of hydrogen production and inhibit the action of microorganisms hidrogenotróficos, it may affect the activity of hydrogenase as well as the route of metabolism. In this context, the present research aimed to study the best operating condition in relation to the pH factor in Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor (RALF) for enhanced biological production of hydrogen from wastewater processing cassava (manipueira) plus supplements. The reactor used in laboratory scale possessed height of 190 cm and total volume 4192 cm3 net volume used was 2.7 L. It was used as support material for microbial adhesion, expanded clay having a diameter of 2.8 to 3.35 mm. For starting the reactor was used as the inoculum, an anaerobic lagoon sludge that was liquid swine waste, it has undergone a heat treatment so that there was a selection of microorganisms, resulting mainly in anaerobic hidrogenotróficos . It was used for room temperature operation of the reactor (25 to 30°C), and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) was applied 2 h. For substrate (cassava), took it a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) theoretical initial 4000 mg.L- 1. For this study we evaluated different pH values in the range 4.0 to 5.3 . In this sense, according to the results obtained can be said that the experiment was effective for biohydrogen production from cassava in RALF, observing an optimum pH of 4.9 with a production volume checked 0,31 L/h/L and 3.5 mol H2/mol yield glucose, a conversion rate of hydrogen in cassava 88%. The route of butyric acid fermentation is the most prevalent in this pH value. The percentages of metabolites soluble in this pH were: 4% acetic acid, 54% butyric acid, 4% propionic acid, 22% caproic acid and 16% ethanol. / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / O pH é um parâmetro fundamental em reatores anaeróbios, podendo influenciar na velocidade de produção de hidrogênio e inibir a ação de microrganismos hidrogenotróficos, pois pode afetar a atividade da hidrogenase, bem como na via de metabolismo. Neste contexto, a presente pesquisa objetivou estudar a melhor condição operacional em relação ao fator pH em Reator Anaeróbio de Leito Fluidificado (RALF) para uma maior produção biológica de hidrogênio a partir da água residuária do processamento da mandioca (a manipueira) acrescida de suplementos. O reator utilizado, em escala de laboratório, possuía altura de 190 cm e volume total 4192 cm3, o volume útil utilizado foi 2,7 L. Utilizou-se, como material suporte para adesão microbiana, a argila expandida com diâmetro de 2,8 à 3,35 mm. Para a partida do reator utilizou-se, como inóculo, lodo de uma lagoa anaeróbia que tratava resíduo líquido de suinocultura, o mesmo passou por um tratamento térmico para que houvesse uma seleção de microrganismos, resultando principalmente nos anaeróbios hidrogenotróficos. Utilizou-se a temperatura ambiente para a operação do reator (25 a 30 °C), e o Tempo de Detenção Hidráulica (TDH) aplicado foi de 2h. Para o substrato (manipueira), adotou-se uma Demanda Química de Oxigênio (DQO) teórica inicial de 4000 mg.L-1. Para este estudo foram avaliados diferentes valores de pH, na faixa de 4,0 a 5,3. Neste sentido, de acordo com os resultados verificados pode-se dizer que a realização do experimento foi eficiente para a produção de biohidrogênio a partir da manipueira em RALF, observando-se um pH ótimo de 4,9 com uma produção volumétrica verificada de 0,31 L/h/L e rendimento de 3,5 mol H2/mol glicose, a uma taxa de conversão de manipueira em hidrogênio de 88%. A rota fermentativa do ácido butírico foi a que predominou neste valor de pH. As percentagens dos metabólitos solúveis no pH de 4,9 foram: 4% de ácido acético, 54% de ácido butírico, 4% de ácido propiônico, 22% de ácido capróico e 16% de etanol.

Cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre du développement d’une nouvelle technologie de concentration du CO2 intégrée à la cimenterie. Le principe de cette technologie repose sur une décarbonatation de la matière crue par contact avec un solide caloporteur dans un procédé innovant qui conduit à un dégagement de CO2 pur à haute température. Ce CO2 pourra ensuite être stocké dans le sous-sol ou valorisé chimiquement. L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier la décarbonation du cru dans les conditions opératoires qui simulent le plus fidèlement possible la nouvelle unité industrielle. D’abord, la cinétique de décarbonation est étudiée en thermobalance sur des échantillons de poudre de CaCO3 pur qui est le composé majoritaire du cru. Les résultats conduisent à une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes qui pilotent la réaction ainsi qu’à l’élaboration des lois cinétiques permettant de prédire l’effet de la température entre 600 °C et 930 °C, et de la pression partielle de CO2 entre 0 atm et 1 atm sur l’avancement de la réaction. Ensuite, les interactions pouvant se produire entre le CaCO3 et les autres solides qui composent un cru industriel, lors de sa calcination sous atmosphère de CO2 pur, sont étudiées sur le plan cinétique (thermobalance), thermodynamique (simulations) et morphologique (DRX et DRX in situ). Enfin, dans le but de simuler la décarbonatation du cru et son élutriation dans le procédé réel, et en particulier dans la partie basse du nouveau calcinateur, un pilote fonctionnant à chaud a été réalisé au cours de ce travail. Il permet d’effectuer la décarbonatation du cru alimenté en discontinu et en continu dans un lit de média fluidisé (clinker ou olivine). Ont été examinées les influences de la température, de la vitesse de gaz, du débit de solide et de la nature du gaz de fluidisation (CO2 pur ou mélange air/CO2) sur les phénomènes hydrodynamiques (élutriation, accumulation, temps de séjour …), les interactions cru-média et le degré d’avancement de la réaction de décarbonatation. / This study concerns a new CO2 concentration technology integrated into the cement plant. This technology consists in the raw mix decarbonation, induced by its contact with a solid medium in charge of the heat transfer, in an innovative process leading to the emission of pure CO2 at high temperature. This pure gas may be stored underground or used as chemical reactant. This work consists in the study of the decarbonation reaction of the raw mix in operating conditions that are similar to the ones of the new industrial unit. First, the decarbonation kinetics is studied by thermogravimetric analysis on pure CaCO3 powder samples. CaCO3 is the main component of the raw mix. The results led to a better comprehension of the phenomena driving the reaction kinetics and to the determination of kinetic laws in good agreement with the data obtained between 600 °C and 930 °C, and for a partial pressure of CO2 between 0 atm and 1 atm. Then, the interactions between the CaCO3 and the other solids in an industrial raw mix, occurring during its calcination in pure CO2 atmosphere, are studied kinetically (TGA), thermodynamically (simulations) and morphologically (XRD and in situ XRD). Eventually, an experimental device working at high temperatures was built for this study in order to simulate the decarbonation reaction of the raw mix and its elutriation in the real process. This device allows calcining the raw mix in a fluidized bed of media (clinker or olivine). The influences of the fluidized bed temperature, the fluidizing gas velocity, the solid feed rate and the fluidizing gas composition (pure CO2 or air/CO2 mixes) on the hydrodynamic phenomena (elutriation, accumulation, residence time …) , the raw mix-media interactions and the conversion degree are studied.

Alguns conceitos de biorrefinarias estão baseados em processos termoquímicos, sendo a pirólise rápida um dos mais promissores desses processos. Os produtos da pirólise rápida são: o bio-óleo, gases combustíveis e carvão, sendo a distribuição típica de 50:30:20 em base mássica. O bio-óleo é o principal produto, e pode ser diretamente usado como combustível, ou pós-processados para a obtenção de químicos de maior valor agregado. O aquecimento com micro-ondas, amplamente empregado na química verde, começa a ser estudado como uma alternativa de aquecimento. Entretanto os rendimentos alcançados em bio-óleo são inferiores aos obtidos pela pirólise rápida convencional, devido essencialmente às suas baixas taxas de aquecimento. Para resolver esse problema esta tese está propondo a utilização de absorvedores de micro-ondas para auxiliar no processo de aquecimento, e também permitir a alimentação semi-contínua e contínua de biomassa ao processo. O uso de leito fluidizado e catalisadores pode ser integrado a esse conceito. As condições de pirólise-rápida são alcançadas devido ao aumento da taxa de aquecimento da biomassa, que passa a ser aquecida de forma híbrida pelo mecanismo de condução de calor através das partículas de absorvedores de micro-ondas aquecidos, e diretamente através do aquecimento dielétrico por micro-ondas. O aumento das taxas de aquecimento resulta em maiores velocidades de reação, possibilitando um aumento de rendimento em bio-óleo. Esse conceito foi testado experimentalmente em uma unidade em escala de bancada para o processamento de biomassas residuais e microalgas, usando carbeto de silício (SiC) como absorvedor de micro-ondas. Foram verificadas elevadas taxas de aquecimento, sendo a biomassa aquecida e os voláteis removidos do reator quase instantaneamente. Foram obtidos 65% e 64% em rendimentos de bio-óleo para a serragem de madeira e farelo de sabugo de milho, respectivamente. O mesmo sistema foi utilizado para testar a pirólise rápida catalítica. Microalgas foram processadas com e sem a presença de HZSM-5. Rendimentos de 57% e 59% em bio-óleo foram alcançados para Chlorella sp. e Nannochloropsis, respectivamente. Verificaram-se maiores rendimentos comparados com a literatura. Esses resultados indicam que o conceito de pirólise rápida com aquecimento por micro-ondas é tecnicamente viável, necessitando de estudos complementares para evidenciar a sua viabilidade econômica. / Some concepts of biorefineries are based on thermochemical processes and fast pyrolysis is one of the most promising of these processes. The fast pyrolysis products are biooil, fuel gas and char, with typical distribution of 50:30:20 in weight basis. The bio-oil is the main product, and it can be directly used as fuel, or post-processed in order to obtain higher value added chemicals. The microwave heating, widely used in green chemistry, begins to be studied as an alternative heating. However the yields achieved in bio-oil are lower than those obtained by the conventional fast pyrolysis, mainly due to its low heating rates. To solve this problem this thesis is proposing the use of microwave absorbers to improve the heating process, and that also allow semi-continuous and continuous feeding of biomass to the process. The use of fluidized bed and catalysts can be integrated into this concept. The fast pyrolysis conditions are achieved due to increased heating rate of biomass, which becomes heated in a hybrid way by heat conduction mechanism from heated microwave absorbers, and directly through the dielectric heating from microwaves. The increase in heating rates results in higher reaction rates, allowing higher yields of bio-oil. This concept has been experimentally tested in a bench scale unit for processing waste biomass and microalgae using silicon carbide (SiC) as a microwave absorber. High heating rates were observed, the heated biomass and the volatiles were removed from the reactor almost instantaneously. A maximum bio-oil yield of 65% and 64% was obtained for wood sawdust and corn stover, respectively. The same system was used to test the catalytic fast pyrolysis. Microalgae were processed with and without the presence of HZSM-5. Yields of 57% and 59% of bio-oil were achieved for Chlorella sp. and Nannochloropsis, respectively. Higher yields of bio-oil were observed compared to the literature. These results suggest that the concept of fast microwave-assisted pyrolysis is technically feasible, requiring further studies to demonstrate its economic viability.

Resumo: Neste trabalho foi construído e desenvolvido um secador de leito pulso-fluidizado que utilizou partículas inertes para a secagem de pastas e polpas de frutas. O sistema permitia o controle da vazão do ar de fluidização e de sua temperatura, da pulsação do ar e da vazão de injeção de pasta. Foram determinadas as curvas de fluidização de partículas de vidro e teflon no leito pulso-fluidizado sob diferentes configurações, bem como suas velocidades de mínima fluidização, as quais demonstraram-se próximas às curvas de um secador fluidizado convencional. Experimentos para a avaliação da agitação das partículas foram realizados para que fossem encontradas as melhores condições, determinando-se a existência ou não de pontos mortos no leito. Foi visto que as partículas pertenciam ao grupo D, segundo a classificação de Geldart (1973). Pasta de gesso foi seca no secador pulso-fluidizado para avaliação da produção de pó e do hold-up das esferas nas diferentes condições de operação, as quais tiveram como variáveis os períodos de injeção (fase ativa e inativa), ângulo da válvula borboleta que dava acesso do ar ao leito, temperatura do ar de secagem, velocidade do ar e vazão de pasta no leito. Foi observado que todas as variáveis testadas apresentaram influência na produção de pó e na quantidade de material aderido às partículas inertes. O secador pulsofluidizado foi testado também na secagem de suco e pastas de limão, maltodextrina e tomate, mostrando problemas de adesividade e, no caso de derivados de limão, aglomeração das partículas e colapso do leito. O secador foi utilizado ainda como vibro-fluidizado, quando o sistema de pulsação foi desligado e um sistema de vibração por eixos excêntricos foi acionado, constatando-se que o mesmo apresentou rendimento inferior ao pulso-fluidizado. Um secador do tipo spray dryer foi usado para a secagem... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: For this work, a pulse fluidized bed drier that used inert particles for drying pastes and fruit pulps was constructed and developed. The system allowed for the control of fluidized air flow and its temperature, the air pulses and the paste injection flow. The fluidization curves and minimum velocity of fluidization of glass and Teflon particles were determined in the pulse fluidized bed. Experiments to evaluate the agitation of particles were done to find the best agitation conditions, determining the existence or not of dead spots in the bed. It was seen that the particles belonged to D group, as per Geldart (1973) classification. Plaster paste was dried in the pulse fluidized dryer to evaluate the production of powder and hold-up of the spheres under different operational conditions which were variations of the periods of paste injection (active and inactive phase), angle of the butterfly valve which gave air access to the bed, air drying temperature, air speed and paste flow. All tested variables influenced the powder production and the amount of material adhered to inert particles. The pulse fluidized bed drier was also tested for drying lemon juice and paste, maltodextrina and tomato, showing adhesive problems and, with the lemons, an agglomeration of particles and a collapsed bed. The dryer was also used as a vibro fluidized bed when the pulsation system was turned off and a vibration system with eccentric axles was set in motion, it was seen that the vibro fluidized bed had a lower yield than the pulse fluidized bed. A spray drier was used to dry lemon juice with maltodextrina, and it was found that a minimum of 65% of additional maltodextrina was needed. Physic-chemical testes were done from the powders obtained from the spray drying. These testes were for humidity, flowability, degree of agglomeration, higroscopicity, dispersibility, color determination and water activity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Javier Telis Romero / Coorientador: João Cláudio Thoméo / Banca: Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas / Banca: Maria Aparecida Mauro / Mestre