Thesis (M Arch)--Montana State University--Bozeman, 2010. / Typescript. Chairperson, Graduate Committee: John Brittingham. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-67).

Academisch proefschrift--Leyden. / Summary in French.

Academisch proefschrift--Leyden. / Summary in French.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1966. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

学位プログラム名: 京都大学大学院思修館 / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(総合学術) / 甲第22813号 / 総総博第15号 / 新制||総総||2(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院総合生存学館総合生存学専攻 / (主査)教授 池田 裕一, 教授 山敷 庸亮, 特定講師 Hart Nadav FEUER / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy / Kyoto University / DFAM

Master of Science / Food Science Institute, Diagnostic Medicine Pathobiology / Justin J. Kastner / The Department of Homeland Security recognizes the Agriculture and Food Sector as a Critical Infrastructure and Key Resource—critical to the health and wealth of the United States. When food safety (i.e., unintentional) or food defense (i.e., intentional) issues arise, those in the Agriculture and Food Sector must quickly and efficiently make decisions to ensure the safety of consumers. Decision-making is an essential element in critical infrastructure protection and response. Naturalistic decision-making (NDM) explores how people make decisions in real- world settings. Eight factors characterize the task and setting in naturalistic environments and include the following: ill-structured problems; uncertain, dynamic environments; shifting, ill-defined, or competing goals; action/feedback loops; time constraints; outcome with high stakes; multiple players; and organizational goals and norms. This thesis explores whether or not food safety and food defense educational programs incorporate methods that help professionals make good decisions. To that end, this thesis first examines the decision-making environment in responding to incidents involving food safety and food defense. Four cases involving food safety and food defense reveal the presence of all eight factors. As these factors complicate the decision-making process, this thesis then evaluates whether or not prevailing educational programs and tools aimed at preparing for food safety and food defense issues (i.e., HACCP and CARVER plus Shock) directly address the eight factors characterizing NDM settings. This is explored by “following” a hypothetical student in a food safety and food defense course. The information presented to the student was analyzed and this analysis indicates that the eight factors characterizing NDM settings were addressed albeit to varying degrees. HACCP addresses action/feedback loops, time constraints, outcome with high stakes, and multiple players. CARVER plus Shock addresses action/feedback loops, outcome with high stakes, and multiple players. While HACCP somewhat addresses ill-structured problems and organizational goals and norms, it fails to address uncertain, dynamic environments and shifting, ill-defined, or competing goals. CARVER plus Shock somewhat addresses ill-structured problems; uncertain, dynamic environments; shifting, ill-defined, or competing goals; time constraints; and organizational goals and norms. In light of this, new approaches to training are needed to fully incorporate all eight factors.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-08-17T18:44:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LUIZ FELIPE CANDIDO DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 1950002 bytes, checksum: a245a3d845a2676a7ec461de27014780 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:44:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUIZ FELIPE CANDIDO DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 1950002 bytes, checksum: a245a3d845a2676a7ec461de27014780 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-01 / This dissertation elaborates on the theme Food Security and Nutrition, aims to demonstrate how this concept was created. Initially presents the problem of hunger, as a central problem to be resolved in global levels concerned, showing the importance of food, not only in the sense of human nutrition, but also as anthropological, cultural, religious and social factor that transcends the mere biological necessity of eating. Assesses the legal aspects of the issue, the Human Right to Adequate Food, and treat nutrition as social right. Discusses Food Sovereignty on the dietary restrictions of religious order, and about the recent scandals in Europe that affected their food sovereignty. Analyzes the impact of agriculture geared to growing plants for the production of biofuels. Comes to the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and pesticides in food. Addresses the changes in nutritional status of the Brazilian, and the phenomenon of the Nutrition Transition , which took almost half of the population in the situation of overweight. Finally discusses health and human welfare in the context of nutrition, and how the Food and Nutrition Education is key to achieving food security. For the final considerations of this work, the deductive method and the historical approach procedure was used . The human being depends on quality food for their survival, they need the environment to be produced, which in turn requires the preserved nature for a healthy crop. / A presente dissertação discorre a respeito do tema Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional, e tem por objetivo demonstrar como foi criado este conceito. Apresenta inicialmente o problema da fome, como questão central a ser resolvida em níveis gerais, demonstrando a importância do alimento, não somente no sentido da nutrição humana, mas também como fator social, antropológico, cultural, e religioso, que transcende a simples necessidade biológica de comer. Avalia os aspectos legais do tema, o Direito Humano a Alimentação Adequada, e a alimentação como Direito social. Discorre sobre a Soberania Alimentar, sobre as restrições alimentares de ordem religiosa, e sobre os recentes escândalos ocorridos na Europa que afetaram sua Soberania Alimentar. Analisa o impacto da agricultura voltada ao cultivo de plantas destinadas à produção dos biocombustíveis. Trata do uso de organismos geneticamente modificados (OGM), e de agrotóxicos, na alimentação. Aborda as mudanças no padrão nutricional do brasileiro, e o fenômeno da Transição Nutricional, que levou quase metade da população brasileira à situação de sobrepeso. Discorre finalmente sobre a saúde e o bem estar humano no contexto da alimentação, e como a Educação Alimentar e Nutricional é fundamental para alcançar a Segurança Alimentar. Para as considerações finais deste trabalho foi utilizado o método dedutivo e o procedimento de abordagem histórico. O ser humano depende de alimento de qualidade para sua sobrevivência, que precisa do meio ambiente para ser produzido, que por sua vez necessita da natureza preservada para um cultivo saudável, formando assim um circulo virtuoso de vida, que deve ser cuidadosamente conservado.

The challenges faced by the global food and agriculture system in the twenty-first century are unlikely to be resolved through the implementation of neoliberal policies, most notably promoting market liberalisation, privatisation and financialisation. Many of these policies have also supported industrial agriculture, which has led to the production of many global public bads, such as significant greenhouse gas emissions and water pollution. However, industrial agriculture is not the only method of food production: sustainable agriculture is better placed to provide a wide range of global public goods (GPGs), including environmental protection and rural livelihood development, in addition to sufficient nutritious food. Therefore, there should be a move towards promoting sustainable agriculture with a focus on eradicating hunger and improving food security. The United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) can play a crucial role in ensuring agriculture provides the GPGs required. FAO also produces a number of GPGs through its three main roles; measurement, convening and norms and standards setting. This thesis asks if FAO is in a position to provide a food secure world. It also asks if the organisation is in a stronger position to provide the GPGs required following its extensive recent reform. Finally, it asks if a shift in emphasis towards the provision of GPGs will offer an alternative to neoliberalism.

This thesis examines the application of international law to the uses of agricultural crop plants termed plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. In particular, it asks the question, does international law regulate the use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture so as to enable equity among nations in accessing these resources and sharing the benefits which arise from them? In answering this question this thesis will also consider several related issues which have arisen in the course of the international debate on this topic. These resources are closely entwined with the lives and livelihoods of certain categories of peoples such as indigenous peoples and farmers and local communities. In addition, they are critical for the economies, agricultural systems and food security of nations. The thesis question will not be considered in the abstract, but will rather be placed against the background of these issues, which will be continuously used to put the legal discourse into perspective. The legal analysis will focus on five international agreements which directly or indirectly regulate the use of crop plants. These five agreements are placed in two broad categories, i.e. environmental/conservation agreements and trade and property related agreements. The first category includes the Convention on Biological Diversity of 1992 and the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture of the Food and Agriculture Organisation of 2001. The second category includes the Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants of 1991, the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights of 1994, and several treaties of the World Intellectual Property Organisation. In addition, since the topic raises issues of rights, certain human rights treaties and documents will also be used in the analysis. The current international conflict over plant genetic resources can be condensed into one of rights, human rights and property rights. The international treaties cited above have all contextualized the issue within a framework of property rights, setting out mechanisms for different forms of legal control of these resources. This thesis will argue that whatever the form and nature of such property rights, they cannot achieve equity in the use of crop plants. Rather the use of such rights results in violations of human rights.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Southern Methodist University, 2004. / Advisers: Fred Wendorf, Lewis Binford. Includes bibliographical references.