The purpose of this study was to examine how Dagens Nyheter uses frames when covering climate change between 1992-2018. Reports from IPCC has shown that the scientists has become more convinced over the years about the causes and effects of climate change. That makes it relevant to study if Dagens Nyheter has changed their coverage as media has the power to convey their content in many ways. This study uses framing theory which suggests that media can select some aspects of the reality, thus making them more salient in text. A quantitative content analysis was used on 550 articles, which answered to multiple questions in a coding-manual to see which frame, out of five, was used in that article. The five frames in the coding-manual was The responsibility frame, The conflict frame, The human interest frame, The economy/consequence frame and The ecology/science frame. The study showed that there were a wider spread of frames between 1992-1998, with The responsibility frame, The economy/consequence frame and The conflict frame most frequently present. However, 2000-2018 was dominated by The responsibility frame which means that the government is responsible, suggests solutions to the climate change or calls for urgent actions.

The purpose of this essay was to examine how eight Swedish newspapers reported on a trade union conflict between dock workers and a employer organisation in the winter of 2019. Further it will examine how the conflict is portrayed in the newspaper and if both of the organisations gets their voices heard in the newspapers. We will also examine what context the conflict mention within. We analyzed eight Swedish newspapers that wrote about the conflict, at the time 7 January - 14 Mars 2019, with help of a quantitative content analysis.  The result of this study showed us that the newspapers in Sweden in generally used Primary Definers to get their information so they could write articles about this conflict. It also showed us that the two parties in this conflict, the trade union and the employer, get the chance to speak in the newspaper almost as much as each other. Other findings were made and one of those was that two of Sweden’s largest newspaper barely wrote about this conflict. But when they were writing about this conflict they wrote that this conflict has a big impact on the Swedish economy.

Problemformulering och syfte: Trots att gestaltningsteorin har varit en av de mest använda teorierna inom medieforskning de senaste decennierna så finns det relativt få kvalitativa analyser av politiska debatter, och ännu färre politiska slutdebatter. Sverigedemokraterna har de senaste åren jobbat för att bli mer socialt accepterade och blev i riksdagsvalet 2014 Sveriges tredje största parti. I dag är Sverigedemokraterna Sveriges snabbast växande parti, trots detta finns det relativt lite forskning kring hur Sverigedemokraterna gestaltas i politiska debatter. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur de politiska frågorna i SVT:s slutdebatter 2010, 2014 och 2018 gestaltas, samt att se hur Sverigedemokraterna gestaltas i debatterna. Metod och material: Jag har använt mig av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Mitt material har varit SVT:s slutdebatter 2010, 2014 och 2018. Huvudresultat: Huvudresultatet från min studie visar att de politiska frågorna från slutdebatten 2010 var övervägande politisk sakgestaltade. I slutdebatten 2014 var frågorna endast spelgestaltade, och i slutdebatten 2018 var de politiska frågorna övervägande sakgestaltade, med inslag av spelgestaltning. Sverigedemokraterna gestaltades negativt i samtliga slutdebatter.

With the development of technology, the communication between people has changed rapidly. Social media is a type of digital network designed to share content with other internet users based on their preferences and associations. The purpose of this research was to understand how industry press and the professional market place frame social media today. Moreover, this research showed the explored current social media pedagogy in business and communication programs to see if it matches the need of industry expectations. This study was a content analysis of the text-based study that uses a qualitative software-Leximancer to analyze data. The result suggested both industry press and the job market expect professionals to understand the skills of how to master the social media platforms, especially Facebook. Finally, universities offer few courses about social media, with primary objective of marketing and communication programs focusing on teaching students to be professional in business and organizations.

The ongoing war in Syria and the subsequent refugee crisis has brought the need for refugee resettlement to the forefront of policy debates. Canada and the United States display stark differences in the outcome of their refugee policies. Canada continues to welcome Syrian refugees, whereas the United States has become less willing to engage in resettlement. The purpose of this study was to use Entman's conceptualization of framing theory to compare media framing of refugees in Canada and the United States to deliver insight into the different policy outcomes. Data were acquired through a content analysis of 850 newspaper articles in each country that were measured with 2 separate Lexicoder instruments to represent the salience and selection of the media coverage about refugees. These data were then analyzed primarily through compare-means tests to determine if there were differences in media reporting between the 2 nations. Findings indicated that newspapers in the United States portrayed refugees more negatively than newspapers in Canada. The tone and frame of the articles differered significantly between the 2 countries (p < .001). These results suggested that newspaper articles in the United States portrayed a less favorable attitude toward refugees compared to Canada. The implications for positive social change include the necessity by intergovernmental, governmental, and nonprofit organizations who are tasked with refugee resettlement in the United States to counter the negative portrayals of refugees in the media in order to enhance the integration process of refugees in society and motivate additional resettllement opportunities.

Globalization has among other tendencies led to the emergence of new ways of doing business. One of the ways for organizations to meet the demands of a new competitive landscape has been through management accounting change, a field which has become increasingly popular in research. This paper builds on that research and seeks to investigate the case of the implementation of a new management accounting system in a Swedish company which was triggered by strategic change. Commonality through the interactive approach is by some researchers seen as a key to successful change. This approach is contrasted to the importance of symbolic constructs and change recipients’ cognitive effort to understand the meaning of change for which Framing theory is applied. The paper comes to the conclusion that both approaches are necessary in a change process, and shows further that their usage will depend on the process’ timeframe and change recipients’ position in the organization.

Intresset för att redovisa de anställda som tillgång ökar i takt med att kunskapsintensiva företag blir allt fler. När företag vill visa denna immateriella tillgång för intressenter saknas lämpliga värderingsmetoder och rapporteringsstandarder. Vissa företag kompletterar därför årsredovisningen med en rapport där information om medarbetarna, humankapitalet, presenteras. Då tvingande lagstiftning för rapporteringen saknas, skiljer sig utformningen åt mellan företag. Syftet med studien är att se om motiven med att rapportera humankapital influerar utformningen av rapporterna. Här försöker vi inte bara komplettera existerade forskning kring rapportering av humankapital utan även ifrågasätta rapporteringens objektivitet. Studien visar att det finns svag koppling mellan motiven till att rapportera humankapital och utformningen. Vi har dessutom funnit att rapporterna utformas med hänsyn till den formella ton som förknippas med en årsredovisning samt den miljö och bransch företaget verkar i. Detta visar på att årsredovisningarna och dess bifogade rapporter inte informerar utan kommunicerar till marknaden.

This thesis examines press framing of immigrant issues and epidemics in newspapers and periodicals, 1891 to 1893. During these years, immigration policies became more restrictive because of the Immigration Act of 1891, the opening of Ellis Island in 1892, the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1892, the New York City epidemics of 1892, the National Quarantine Act of 1893, and the nativist movement. Framing theory guided the following research questions: 1) How did articles in newspapers and periodicals frame immigrants and immigration issues in the context of epidemics from 1891 and 1893?; and 2) How did the press framing of immigrants and immigration issues in the context of epidemics from 1891 to 1893 reflect themes of nativism? This thesis contributes to the discourse about immigration because many Americans historically have learned about immigration issues from the press.

This study examines framing strategies employed by the social movement responding to homelessness in Atlanta, Georgia over the course of the 20th century. Drawing on archival records, media accounts and interviews with religious, business and government leaders, this longitudinal case study documents the varied casts of individuals and groups responding to the visible poor on the streets of the city. At the forefront of this project were religious groups serving variously as agents of social control or prophets calling for justice. Social movement framing theory, supplemented by resource mobilization and political opportunity theories, are applied to analyze movement processes. Framing theory provides an explanation for the coordination of collective action in social movements. However, the processes by which movements develop, contest and subsequently transform frames have received little scholarly attention and remain central questions for framing theory. This study addresses these questions. Analytically, I consider the movement in two waves: 1) an early movement dating from 1900 to 1970 and, 2) a modern movement covering the years from 1975 to 2005. In each period movement leaders adopted diagnostic, prognostic and motivational frames to organize and direct their actions. In the first wave, the Salvation Army and Union Mission drew on frames of sin and redemption to develop specialized, separate institutions and programs for the visible poor. The second wave of the movement developed its framing by incorporating elements from the civil rights movement, liberation theology and the Catholic Worker traditions. Religious leaders developed a church based, volunteer run shelter system providing free emergency night shelter to homeless persons. Freezing deaths on the streets of the city in 1981 led to rapid diffusion of church-based sheltering and adoption of a crisis/disaster frame. Central to these developments was a core group of religious leaders bringing a variety of personal experiences and visions to sheltering. The experience of sheltering and the confrontations with downtown business and political leaders fostered the development of frames with greater complexity and highlighted internal contradictions in the movement. New frames explaining homelessness variously emphasized either structural (injustice) or individual (disability) factors leading to framing conflicts within the movement.

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att belysa hur 11 september-attackerna gestaltades i svensk och brittisk morgonpress en vecka efter händelserna. Tyngdpunkten i undersökningen ligger på jämförelsen mellan tidningarnas gestaltningar av händelserna. Frågeställningar: Hur gestaltas nyheten veckan efter katastrofen? Vilka likheter och skillnader finns mellan tidningarnas gestaltningar? Hur ser förhållandet mellan text respektive bilder/nyhetsgrafik ut i de båda tidningarna? Teori: Studiens teoretiska ramverk är gestaltningsteorin och främst Robert Entmans modeller. Gestaltningsteorin handlar om mediernas inflytande över hur människor upplever och uppfattar den verklighet vi lever i. Då studien är en jämförelse mellan svensk och brittisk dagspress kontextualiseras studien genom en skildring av situationen för dagspressen i respektive land. Metod: Uppsatsen har undersökt gestaltningar i medieinnehåll genom att använda kvantitativ innehållsanalys som metod för insamling av empiriskt material. Materialet utgörs av samtliga artiklar om 11 september-attackerna i Dagens Nyheter och The Guardian från 2001-09-12 och en vecka framåt. Analysen är utförd på 191 artiklar. Resultat: Förekomst av konfliktgestaltning, human interest-gestaltning, ansvarsgestaltning och ekonomisk konsekvensgestaltning identifierades i båda tidningar. De förstnämnda accentueras mer i The Guardian medan ekonomisk konsekvensgestaltning förekom i högre utsträckning i DN. Indikationer på förekomst av moralgestaltning fanns i The Guardian men kunde inte bekräftas. Även andra faktorer som påverkar nyhetsgestaltningen identifierades. Undersökningen visade även att texten och bilderna i anslutning i viss mån förutsätter varandra då de stärker varandras gestaltningar. Utrymmet för själva artiklarna varierade stort mellan tidningarna. The Guardian hade fler utrymmeskrävande artiklar såväl som bilder. / Purpose: The study aims to shed light on how the September 11 attacks were framed in Swedish and British newspapers one week after the events occured. The main focus of the study is to compare the newspapers' framing of the events. Issues: In what ways are the news portrayed during the week after the events occured? What similarities and differences are there between the newspapers' framings of the events? How much space does text and images/news graphics occupy in the two papers? Theory: The study's theoretical framework is framing theory, mainly Robert Entmans ideas about the different depictions of media. Framing theory is all about how the media influence the way people experience and perceive the reality we live in. Since the study aims to compare Swedish and British newspapers, a contextualisation is performed through a depiction of the situation of the press in Sweden and the UK. Method: The essay has examined the framings in media content by using quantitative content analysis as a method for collecting empirical data. The material consists of all items on the September 11 attacks in Dagens Nyheter and The Guardian, from the date 2001-09-12 and a week ahead. The analysis was conducted on 191 articles. Results: Conflict frame, human interest frame, responsibility frame and economic consequences frame were identified in both newspapers. The former were accentuated in The Guardian. Economic consequences frame was more common in DN. Indications of morality framing were found in the Guardian, but could not be confirmed. In addition, factors having effect on news framing were identified. The study also revealed that text and images presuppose each other while reinforcing each other's frames. The space for the articles themselves varied considerably between the papers. The Guardian contained more space demanding articles as well as images.