鄺明偉. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學, 1990. / Munuscript (computer printout) / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 26-39). / Kuang Mingwei. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 1990. / 導言 理性與自由 頁 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章 --- 對現代性的批判 頁 --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1 --- 韋伯的理性化概念 頁 --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2 --- 馬克思的異化概念 頁 --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3 --- 哈伯瑪斯論現代性 頁 --- p.29 / Chapter 第二章 --- 溝通理性的建構 頁 --- p.36 / Chapter 2.1 --- 溝通行動與溝通能力 頁 --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2 --- 言辭行動的有效聲稱 頁 --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3 --- 論辯進行的形式 頁 --- p.47 / Chapter 2.4 --- 真理共識說與溝通倫理學 頁 --- p.52 / Chapter 2.5 --- 理想的言談情境 頁 --- p.57 / Chapter 2.6 --- 溝通理性的兩個面向 頁 --- p.59 / Chapter 第三章 --- 溝通理性與現代西方社會 頁 --- p.62 / Chapter 3.1 --- 社會的二重分析架構 頁 --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2 --- 糸統與生活世界 頁 --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3 --- 統現代社會的扭曲溝通 頁 --- p.79 / Chapter 3.4 --- 溝通理性與公共領域 頁 --- p.85 / Chapter 第四章 --- 對溝通理性論的評估 頁 --- p.87 / Chapter 4.1 --- 溝通理性的涵義 頁 --- p.87 / Chapter 4.2 --- 市場與論壇 頁 --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3 --- 語言與社會批判 頁 --- p.107 / 註釋 --- p.1 / 參考書目 --- p.26

Thesis (Ph. D.)--New York University, Graduate School of Arts and Science. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 332-337).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--York University, 2001. Graduate Programme in Political Science. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 444-465). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ67912.

Esta pesquisa tem como objeto o torcedor de futebol comum, analisando o que leva um indivíduo a torcer e o que, nessa prática, pode levá-lo à alienação e à violência. Nossos principais referenciais teóricos são a Escola de Frankfurt e a teoria freudiana. Estudamos o futebol sob o aspecto de sua apropriação pela indústria cultural e o torcedor como parte das massas estudadas por Freud (1921/1974a) em Psicologia de grupo e análise do ego e posteriormente pelos frankfurtianos. Dezesseis torcedores de diferentes times foram entrevistados. Formaram dois grupos de oito sujeitos, com base no processo de escolarização: um grupo de torcedores que têm até o ensino fundamental completo e outro de torcedores com ensino médio completo. Os resultados demonstraram certa devoção ao time nos dois grupos, bem como alienação e tendência à barbárie e ao preconceito. Isso ficou mais visível no grupo dos mais escolarizados, o que indica que a educação de hoje pode favorecer esse tipo de atitude. / The object of this research is the regular football supporter, analyzing what drives a person to cheer and what in this practice can lead to alienation and violence. Our main theory references are the Frankfurt School and the Freudian theory. We have studied the football in its appropriation by the cultural industry and the supporter as part of the masses studied by Freud (1921/1974a) in Group psychology and analysis of the ego and subsequently by the frankfurtians. Sixteen supporters of different Brazilian teams were interviewed. They were divided in two groups of eight subjects according to their education level: one group of supporters with low education level and another group with middle education level. The results have shown a certain devotion to the team in both groups as well as alienation and a tendency to barbarity and prejudice. This was more visible on the group with higher education level, what means that nowadays education can promote this kind of attitude.

This work attempts to confront certain political problems created by the individualistic bias in psychoanalytic thinking, and the resulting failure to adequately theorise the importance of social processes. The thesis traces the origins of intrapsychic thinking to Freud's initial move from the seduction theory to the Oedipal theory. This development is offered as a prototype for the debates between conceptualisations of childhood traumatisation as a social problem of actual abuse occurring within dermed power relations, and theories which locate pathology purely within internal conflicts occurring inside the individual. Several criticisms of this shift are offered, and it s impact on later theory is considered. Here a contrast is offered between the theoretical approaches of Melanie Klein and Donald Winnicott, arguing for the usefulness of Winnicott's emphasis on environmental factors within psychodynamic theory. The impact of these theoretical approaches is illustrated through a critical evaluation of Freud's case study of Judge Schreber. Additional historical material is brought in to show the importance of environmental considerations ignored by Freud, and contrasting psychodynamic readings of the case are offered. As an alternative to purely intrapsychic approaches, a reinterpretation of certain strands of Critical Theory is then presented. Adorno's theory of the Authoritarian Personality and Marcuse' s concept of One-Dimensional Man are extended using Winnicott's formulations concerning psychological development. This leads to an examination of the question of the relationship between social structure and individual consciousness. Post-structuralist accounts of language and the construction of identity are explored. These are then developed drawing on theories of ideology, language and consciousness, integrating these with Winnicott's developmental theory to offer an alternative psychodynamic understanding of the relationship between social process and psychopathology. An attempt is made to reformulate - the notions of consciousness and the unconscious in terms of the possibilities and difficulties of representation within available social symbolic codes. In conclusion the it is argued that psychology needs to integrate critical social theory and contemporary understandings of the social construction of consciousness in order to become a meaning force in positive social transformation.

Esta pesquisa tem como objeto o torcedor de futebol comum, analisando o que leva um indivíduo a torcer e o que, nessa prática, pode levá-lo à alienação e à violência. Nossos principais referenciais teóricos são a Escola de Frankfurt e a teoria freudiana. Estudamos o futebol sob o aspecto de sua apropriação pela indústria cultural e o torcedor como parte das massas estudadas por Freud (1921/1974a) em Psicologia de grupo e análise do ego e posteriormente pelos frankfurtianos. Dezesseis torcedores de diferentes times foram entrevistados. Formaram dois grupos de oito sujeitos, com base no processo de escolarização: um grupo de torcedores que têm até o ensino fundamental completo e outro de torcedores com ensino médio completo. Os resultados demonstraram certa devoção ao time nos dois grupos, bem como alienação e tendência à barbárie e ao preconceito. Isso ficou mais visível no grupo dos mais escolarizados, o que indica que a educação de hoje pode favorecer esse tipo de atitude. / The object of this research is the regular football supporter, analyzing what drives a person to cheer and what in this practice can lead to alienation and violence. Our main theory references are the Frankfurt School and the Freudian theory. We have studied the football in its appropriation by the cultural industry and the supporter as part of the masses studied by Freud (1921/1974a) in Group psychology and analysis of the ego and subsequently by the frankfurtians. Sixteen supporters of different Brazilian teams were interviewed. They were divided in two groups of eight subjects according to their education level: one group of supporters with low education level and another group with middle education level. The results have shown a certain devotion to the team in both groups as well as alienation and a tendency to barbarity and prejudice. This was more visible on the group with higher education level, what means that nowadays education can promote this kind of attitude.

Critical Theory, as posited by members of The Frankfurt School, was evaluated with the objective of attaching an implied ethical dimension. This was discovered in their privileging of a particular type of aesthetic, as evinced in their analysis of certain works of autonomous High Modernism. This implied ethic, which is one based around the concept of enlightenment as potential for emancipation, was then applied as a norm for the evaluation of art. This ethic, however, does not seek to impose a particular reading on (specifically) literary production: Rather, it seeks to impart the importance of a commitment by the literary critic in the use of an ethically based norm, an ethic, what is more, that is based and supported by a discussion of the concepts 'freedom' and Enlightenment. Finally, with this ethic firmly established, the discussion then attempted to distinguish between modernism and post-modernism, using this implied ethic as a guide to separation. / Afrikaans & Theory of Literature / M.A. (Theory of Literature)

Critical Theory, as posited by members of The Frankfurt School, was evaluated with the objective of attaching an implied ethical dimension. This was discovered in their privileging of a particular type of aesthetic, as evinced in their analysis of certain works of autonomous High Modernism. This implied ethic, which is one based around the concept of enlightenment as potential for emancipation, was then applied as a norm for the evaluation of art. This ethic, however, does not seek to impose a particular reading on (specifically) literary production: Rather, it seeks to impart the importance of a commitment by the literary critic in the use of an ethically based norm, an ethic, what is more, that is based and supported by a discussion of the concepts 'freedom' and Enlightenment. Finally, with this ethic firmly established, the discussion then attempted to distinguish between modernism and post-modernism, using this implied ethic as a guide to separation. / Afrikaans and Theory of Literature / M.A. (Theory of Literature)