Thesis (doctoral)--University of Bergen, 1979. / Includes bibliographical references and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Bergen, 1979. / Includes bibliographical references and index.

Thesis (M.A.)--Carleton University, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-109). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Inaug.-Diss.--Freie Universität Berlin. / Bibliography: p. 6-30.

No description available.

No description available.

Le secteur du livre et de l’édition en Afrique noire francophone s’inspire beaucoup du modèle éditorial occidental, notamment celui de la France. Le livre en Occident s’est progressivement mis en place pour avoir la forme et la notoriété qui est la sienne de nos jours, il en est de même pour l’édition et le métier d’éditeur. En Afrique noire francophone, ce secteur passe par le même cheminement qui est l’évolution progressive, cependant celle-ci ne concerne plus la création des éléments qui composent le livre et l’édition, mais plutôt la pratique elle-même qui peine à éclore véritablement malgré les apports de différentes institutions internationales et les dispositions locales. En effet, dans cette étude, nous avons relevé des problèmes communs à l’ensemble des pays de l’Afrique noire francophone, ainsi que les difficultés propres à chaque pays. Le Gabon est le pays sur lequel nous nous sommes principalement appuyée. Les différentes recherches nous ont permis de relever les difficultés majeures qui minent le secteur du livre et de l’édition en Afrique noire francophone, mais surtout de faire un état des lieux de la situation générale de ce secteur.De prime à bord, le secteur du livre et de l’édition relèvent du domaine de l’histoire, de la sociologie. À travers la sémiotique des cultures de Youri Lotman, nous avons relevé des éléments du livre et de l’édition qui intègrent aussi bien celui de la culture. Le secteur à l’étude peut ainsi se prêter à une étude plus exhaustive. / The book and publishing sector in French-speaking Black Africa is very much inspired by the Western editorial model, particularly that of France. The book in the West has gradually been put in place to have the form and notoriety that is his today, it is the same for publishing and the profession of publisher. In black Francophone Africa, this sector goes through the same path which is the progressive evolution, however it no longer concerns the creation of the elements that make up the book and the edition, but rather the practice itself which is struggling to hatch. Truly despite the contributions of various international institutions and local arrangements. Indeed, in this study, we found problems common to all the countries of French-speaking Black Africa, as well as the difficulties specific to each country. Gabon is the country on which we mainly rely. The various researches allowed us to take up the major difficulties that undermine the book and publishing sector in French-speaking Black Africa, but especially to make an inventory of the general situation of this sector.First and foremost, the book and publishing sector comes under the domain of history and sociology. Through the semiotics of Yuri Lotman's cultures, we have found elements of the book and the edition that integrate culture as well. The sector under study can thus lend itself to a more comprehensive study.

No description available.

Tropical deforestation is singled out as one of the more critical issues facing African countries during the last few decades. In discussing causes of forest depletion, local farmers are often the first to be identified. However, these local farmers have been living in legal, political, social, and economic environments that have had tremendous effects on the system of natural resources management in Africa as well as elsewhere in the tropics.This research project was designed to generate testable hypotheses evaluating the effectiveness of forest policies dating from 1985 in Francophone West Africa including Mali., Senegal, Niger, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, Benin, and Togo. Since 1985, because of factors such as the droughts of the 1970s and the 1980s, the growing pressure of humans on forest resources, the failure of six decades of centralized forest management policies, and the influence of the international community, national authorities have undertaken a series of reforms of their forest policies to adopt a decentralized management of forest resources. This decentralized forest management policy is aimed at involving local people in the development and the management of their forest resources, promoting local governance, increasing revenues, and achieving sustainable forest management. The actual situation is that new policies have been or are being implemented throughout the region, but until now an inability to evaluate their effectiveness for sustainable forest management exists. The purpose of this research was to identify ways to overcome this problem.The research was limited to reviewing written information on forest policies and legislation, conventions and programs that are related to forest management, to interviewing knowledgeable persons based in Washington, DC, who are interested in forest policy in Africa, and to personal and professional observations in the United States and in Africa. From the review and interviews, a conceptual analysis of key components of forest policies was made to highlight their meanings and usefulness in evaluating decentralized forest management policy. This analysis led to the formulation of hypotheses about decentralized forest management and the enumeration of criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management to measure the effectiveness of new forest policies dating from 1985 in Francophone West Africa. / Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

x, 215 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries under the call number: KNIGHT PQ149 .A56 2004 / This dissertation project seeks to connect the thematic concerns of Francophone women's post-colonial fiction to broader issues of breaking cycles of violence and resisting the negative effects of globalization. An important part of the study will be a discussion of the historical trend towards the mechanization of nature to account for an ideology of domination that the West has exported to its colonies. Borrowing especially from Carolyn Merchant and the Frankfurt School of critical theorists but also from feminist object relations theorist Jessica Benjamin, I trace masculine culture's will to mastery over a weaker other to a primal fear of chaotic nature and the omnipotent Mother. Violence that is currently directed at nature, women and children, and that is a central theme in the narratives I consider, has a long history. Colonization in all its forms stands out as the main characteristic of this history that will continue to repeat itself if left unexamined. My project demonstrates how these particular post-colonial novels engage with the past in such a way as to diffuse the internal mechanism of abusive power. There are two principle components of this engagement: one is the bringing-to-light of a buried history, personal and collective, that Western, masculine culture strives to repress. The other is the creation of an aesthetic that offers a means to mourn a traumatic past, thereby initiating a process of emotional and social healing. Both phenomena serve as political resistance to a hegemonic system based on denial of loss. In these novels I refer to this aesthetic of mourning as a "feminine symbolic of loss" to distinguish it from a traditional male canon of melancholy literature which instead capitalizes on loss for its own advancement. Their representations of oft-tabooed subjects attest to a refusal to comply with the cultural mandate of silence, driving a wedge into that mechanism of power that perpetuates itself by the disavowal and repression of loss. / Committee in Charge: Karen McPherson, David Castillo, Linda Kintz, Wolf Sohlich