Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-24T20:53:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 joseabrittacosta.pdf: 19821453 bytes, checksum: 97adfa8b62deaa442a2059908995d6b3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-25T15:23:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 joseabrittacosta.pdf: 19821453 bytes, checksum: 97adfa8b62deaa442a2059908995d6b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-25T15:23:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joseabrittacosta.pdf: 19821453 bytes, checksum: 97adfa8b62deaa442a2059908995d6b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / O experimento Neutrinos Angra visa desenvolver um detector compacto e novas técnicas para medir o fluxo de antineutrinos das reações nucleares que ocorrem no interior dos reatores de usinas nucleares, permitindo o monitoramento da sua dissipação de energia instantânea e revelando a composição físsil de combustível nuclear. Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento da eletrônica de front-end do Detector Neutrinos Angra. Esta eletrônica deve realizar o condicionamento dos sinais provenientes de tubos fotomultiplicados, visando fornecer ao sistema de aquisição de dados um pulso que facilite a identificação do fluxo de antineutrinos que passa pelo detector. Neste trabalho, as especificações do front-end foram definidas com base nos requisitos do experimento, que são: faixa linear de operação de 0 a 50 fótons; capacidade para identificar um fóton; duração do pulso menor do que alguns µs; largura de banda do pulso menor do que 60 MHz; excursão máxima na saída de até 2 V. Para isto, uma topologia do circuito de front-end foi proposta, sendo composta por quatro subsistemas: circuito de alimentação; circuito de condicionamento do sinal; circuito de controle de offset na saída e de limiar de tensão; e circuito discriminador. Oito módulos foram produzidos para equipar o detector. Neste trabalho, três módulos foram avaliados. Os testes mostraram que o desempenho dos três módulos atenderam as especificações, apresentando uma calibração média de 7,4±0,6 V/V , tempo de subida de 26±1 ns, tempo de descida de 81 ±2,5 ns, largura a meia altura de 74±1 ns, não-linearidade menor do que 2,2% para toda a faixa dinâmica de entrada e a saturação iniciando em aproximadamente 1,4 V. / The Neutrinos Angra Experiment aims to develop a compact detector and new techniques to measure the antineutrinos flow of nuclear reactions occurring inside the nuclear power plant reactors, allowing monitoring of its instant energy dissipation and revealing the composition of fissile nuclear fuel. This study presents the development of the Front-end electronics of the Neutrinos Angra detector. The electronics should perform the conditioning of the signals from photomultiplier tubes, aiming to provide a fast pulse for the data acquisition system whitch could facilitate the identification of the antineutrinos flow through the detector. In this work, the specifications of the front-end were defined based on the experiment requirements, which are: linear operating range 0-50 photons; ability to identify a single photon; the pulse duration less than a few µs; bandwidth of the pulse smaller than 60 MHz; maximum range in the output up to 2 V. For this, a topology of the front-end circuit has been proposed, consisting of four subsystems: power circuit; signal conditioning circuit; offset control circuit and discriminator circuit. Eight modules were produced to equip the detector. In this study three modules were evaluated. Tests showed that the performance of three modules met the specifications, with an average calibration of 7.4±0.6 V/V , rise time of 26 ±1 ns, falltime of 81 ±2.5 ns, width at half height of 74±1 ns, linearity better than 2.2% and saturation starting around 1.4 V.

La mer de Barents possède un écosystème particulièrement riche. Elle est affectée par le changement climatique actuel, comme le reste de l'Arctique. L'effet le plus visible et le plus connu est la réduction spectaculaire de la banquise. On examine dans cette thèse les répercussions de ces changements sur l'hydrologie et le phytoplancton en mer de Barents. Pour cela, on s'appuie sur la création d'une base de données historiques comprenant les paramètres hydrologiques et bio-géochimiques. Un modèle 3D bio-géochimique spécifique à l'écosystème arctique est aussi utilisé quand les observations sont manquantes. Enfin, les données satellites fournissent des séries temporelles de concentration de glace, de Chlorophyle-a...La mer de Barents est caractérisée par un front polaire séparant les eaux atlantiques issues des mers Nordiques des eaux arctiques dont la position est connue à l'ouest de 35°E. Nous avons pu montrer que ce front se sépare en deux branches dans l'Est du bassin: le front du Nord et le front du Sud. Ces fronts enferment les eaux de la mer de Barents qui se forment en hiver. Un doublement du volume des eaux atlantiques (une " Atlantification " de la mer de Barents), a aussi été mise en évidence. Elle accompagne un déplacement des fronts Nord et Sud vers le Nord-est. Le volume des eaux de la mer de Barents reste inchangé.Ces changements, affectant l'hydrologie et la glace de Mer, ont un impact significatif sur le phytoplancton. Les deux efflorescences qui le caractérisent ont lieu plus au Nord et à l'Est. La biomasse totale annuelle a augmenté de 40% lors des deux dernières décennies. Ce travail montre que les conditions de glace de mer et la structure frontale sont les paramètres clefs dirigeant la variabilitéinter-annuelle du phytoplancton. / The Barents Sea has a particularly rich ecosystem. This is an Arctic region subject to intense climate changes. The drastic decrease in sea ice cover is the most visible effect. What are the impacts of these climatic changes on the hydrology and phytoplankton? In order to answer these questions, this thesis relies on the creation of an extensive historical database of physical and bio-geochemical parameters. A 3D bio-geochemical model with an Arctic specific ecosystem is used when observations are lacking. At least, remote sensing data provides valuable time series of Ice concentration, Chlorophyll-a... The Polar Front, separating the Atlantic Water coming from the Nordic Sea from the Arctic Water, is the principal feature of the Barents Sea region. Its position is known west of 35°E, but we showed that the polar front splits into two branches in the East part of the Barents Sea: the "Southern Front" and the "Northern Front". They enclose the winter locally formed Barents Sea Water. An “Atlantification”, illustrating a doubling of the Atlantic Water volume, has been evidenced and goes along with a North-eastward shift of the fronts. These hydrological and sea ice changes have a significant impact on the phytoplankton development. The two blooms of the Barents Sea occur further North and East with a 40% total anual biomass increase for the last two decades. This study suggests that the winter sea ice conditions and the frontal structure are the key mechanisms driving the inter-annual phytoplankton variability.

This dissertation examines in detail, the organisation, training and operations of the 27 th and 30th American Divisions during the period of Summer 1917 to the announcement of an armistice in November 1918. Particular emphasis is placed on the two divisions after they were attached to the 11 American Corps. especiallý their experience with the British Expeditionary Force in 1918, and the training received under the supervision of British officers. The 11 American Corps was unique in that it spent its entire service in France in the British sector. Originally it was composed of 10 divisions, but eight of these were removed by the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces, Gen. John. J. Pershing. The divisions were transferred to the First American Army and operated entirely independent of 11 American Corps. The týýo American divisions that h, oth remained with the British, the 27t and -3 , relied heavily upon their coalition partners for advice in training, supplies, equipment, food and more importantly, tactical leadership. Although General Pershing forbade American divisions from being th -, oth amalgamated into Allied armies, in reality, the 27 and -) Divisions became part of the BEF, especially the Fourth Arrný during the final campaigns of the war. Despite its attachment to arguably the best fighting force on the Western Front in 1918, the 11 American Corps suffered heavý casualties during its limited operational experience and. in many ways. failed to take advantage of lessons learned by the British Army during its campaigns of 1916-1917. This dissertation concludes that the relationship between the two American divisions and their British ally was in the end result a success. By allowing the 27 th and 30'hDivisions to remain behind with the BEF, Pershing provided the British with more than 50,000 able American troops to use at the front. Thus the tNNo ,a llies became Brothers-in-Arms.

Le travail de thèse porte sur l'étude de l'électronique front-end pour le télescope WFCTA (Wide Field of View Cherenkov Telescope Array,) qui est l'un des détecteurs de l’observatoire LHAASO (Large High Altitude Air shower Observatory,). Le manuscrit de thèse couvre six thèmes principaux allant de la simulation physique au développement d’un nouveau système d'acquisition de données.Tout d'abord, les principes de la physique des rayons cosmiques et de l'expérience LHAASO sont présentés donnant ainsi une introduction sur les sujets discutés dans la thèse. Des simulations ont été faites dans le but de comprendre la propagation des rayons cosmiques dans l'atmosphère et d’en déduire les caractéristiques du signal d'entrée de l'électronique. Ces simulations ont également été utilisées pour approfondir la compréhension des spécifications du télescope et de les vérifier.Un nouveau modèle de PMT a été élaboré pour être utilisé dans les simulations. Ce nouveau modèle est comparé aux autres modèles de PMT. Des modèles d’électronique pour les conceptions basées sur les composants électroniques classiques et sur l’ASIC (Application-specific Integrated Circuit) sont construites et étudiées. Ces deux solutions remplissent les spécifications du télescope WFCTA. Néanmoins, compte tenu du développement de la micro-électronique, il est proposé que l’électronique des télescopes de haute performance devrait être basée sur l’ASIC.L'ASIC sélectionné, PARISROC 2, est évalué en utilisant des bancs de tests existants. Les résultats montrent que ces bancs de tests ne peuvent pas démontrer pleinement la véritable performance de l’ASIC. Par conséquent, une carte électronique front-end prototype qui est basée sur ASIC a été conçu et fabriqué. Plusieurs modifications ont été apportées pour améliorer la performance de la nouvelle carte. Une description détaillée de ce développement est présentée dans la thèse. Un nouveau système d’acquisition de données a également été conçu pour améliorer la capacité de lecture de données dans le banc de tests de la carte front-end.Enfin, une série de tests ont été effectués pour vérifier le concept de design et pour évaluer la performance de la carte front-end. Ces résultats montrent la bonne performance générale de l'ASIC PARISROC 2 et que la carte front-end répond globalement aux spécifications de la WFCTA. Basé sur les résultats de ce travail de thèse, un nouveau ASIC, mieux adapté pour les télescopes de type WFCTA, a été conçu et est actuellement en cours de fabrication. / This thesis is focused on the study of the front-end electronics for the wide field of view Cherenkov telescope array (WFCTA), which is one of the large high altitude air shower observatory (LHAASO) detectors. The thesis manuscript covers six main topics going from the physics simulations to the implementation of a new data acquisition system. The physics of cosmic rays and the LHAASO experiment is presented giving foundation for discussion of the main topics of the thesis. Simulations were performed to understand the propagation of cosmic rays in the atmosphere and to determine the characteristics of the input signal of the electronics. These simulations allow also understand the specifications of the telescope and to verify them. A new PMT model was successfully built for both physical and electronic simulations. This new model is compared to other models and its performance is evaluated. Behavior models for the designs based on the classical electronics and application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) were built and studied. It is shown that both solutions fit the requirements of the telescope. However, considering the development of the micro-electronics, it is proposed that the electronics of the high-performance telescopes should be based on ASIC. The selected ASIC, PARISROC 2, is evaluated by using the existing application boards. The results showed that the designs considered could not fully demonstrate the real performance of the chip. Therefore, a prototype front-end electronics board, based on PARISROC 2, was designed, implemented and fabricated. Several modifications and enhancements were made to improve the performance of the new design. A detailed description of the development is presented and discussed in the manuscript. Furthermore, a new data acquisition system was developed to enhance the readout capabilities in the front-end test bench.Finally, a series of tests were performed to verify the concept of the design and to evaluate the front-end board. The results show the good general performance of the PARISROC 2 and that this design globally meets the specifications of the WFCTA. Based on the results of this thesis work, a new ASIC chip, better adapted for telescopes such as WFCTA, has been designed and is currently being fabricated.

Blockchain is a decentralized and immutable append-only ledger. Smart contracts, the self-executing programs on blockchain, help build the Decentralized Finance (DeFi) markets. Front-running is the practice of benefiting from advanced knowledge of pending transactions. It impairs the fairness of DeFi ecosystem, leading to huge losses of honest participants. In this thesis, We present Flash Freezing Flash Boys (F3B), a blockchain framework that mitigates front-running with threshold cryptography. In F3B, transactions are encrypted with symmetric keys, which are collaboratively kept by a decentralized secret-management committee (SMC). Once the transactions are committed and immutable, the keys are reconstructed to execute the transactions. F3B hides the content of pending transactions so that adversaries cannot acquire information about them, thus mitigating frontrunning. Previous work using threshold encryption mitigates front-running with per-block encryption, which would fail when a transaction is not included in the expected future block. F3B solves this issue by adopting per-transaction encryption, ensuring that any uncommitted transaction remains encrypted and private, even when a huge network delay occurs. F3B is an execution layer front-running solution, meaning that it is independent of the consensus algorithms and compatible with existing blockchain networks and smart contracts. F3B is evaluated on a simulated Ethereum network, and proved to be a practical low-latency solution. F3B presents a negligible (0.026%) latency overhead with 128 SMC members, compared with the unprotected blockchain. / Blockchain är en decentraliserad och oföränderlig bilaga-endast reskontra. Smarta kontrakt, de självutförande programmen på blockchain, hjälper till att bygga decentraliserade finansmarknader (DeFi). Front-running är praktiken att dra nytta av avancerad kunskap av pågående transaktioner. Det försämrar rättvisan hos DeFi-ekosystemet, leder till enorma förluster av ärliga deltagare. I denna avhandling presenterar vi Flash Freezing Flash Boys (F3B), ett blockchain-ramverk som dämpar frontkörning med tröskelkryptografi. I F3B krypteras transaktioner med symmetriska nycklar, som hålls i samarbete av en decentraliserad hemlig förvaltningskommitté (SMC). När transaktionerna väl är genomförda och oföränderliga, nycklarna rekonstrueras för att utföra transaktionerna. F3B döljer innehållet i pågående transaktioner så att motståndare inte kan få information om dem, vilket minskar frontrunning. Tidigare arbete med tröskelkryptering minskar körning i förväg med kryptering per block, vilket skulle misslyckas när en transaktion inte ingår i det förväntade framtida blocket. F3B löser det här problemet genom att använda kryptering per transaktion, vilket säkerställer att alla oengagerade transaktioner förblir krypterade och privata, även när en enorm nätverksfördröjning inträffar. F3B är en exekveringslagers frontrunning lösning, vilket innebär att den är oberoende av konsensusalgoritmerna och kompatibel med befintliga blockchain-nätverk och smarta kontrakt. F3B utvärderas på ett simulerat Ethereum-nätverk och visade sig vara en praktisk lösning med låg latens. F3B presenterar en försumbar (0,026%) latensoverhead med 128 SMC-medlemmar, jämfört med den oskyddade blockkedjan.

The diploma thesis on Development of Front-end Applications focuses on the design of computerization of enterprise processes covered by a unified front-end application. Exploratory research was used to suggest working methods to solve technological growth of the enterprise and how to evaluate business need of a front-end application. Later chapters present basic summary of development methodology used for automation of business processes. The diploma thesis innovatively proposes a role of a front-end specialist who does not need to create a program code and has closer relation to business departments. There are recommend analytical standards and development tools for automation of business processes as well as front-end implementation. Finally the work attaches a model example demonstrating relative simplicity and practical realization of new techniques for front-end application development. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 28-31, 1996 / Town and Country Hotel and Convention Center, San Diego, California / The world of data communication and networking has grown rapidly over the last decade, and this growth has been accompanied by the development of standards that reflect and facilitate the need for commercial products that work together in a reliable, robust, and coherent fashion. To a great extent this commercialization, with its increasing performance and diminishing cost, has not been adapted to the data communication needs of satellites. As budgets and mission development and deployment timelines shrink, space exploration and science will require the development of standards and the use of increasing amounts of off-the-shelf hardware and software for integrated satellite ground systems. The Renaissance project at NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center has engaged in rapid prototyping of ground systems using off-the-shelf hardware and software products to identify ways of implementing satellite ground systems "faster, better, cheaper". This paper presents various aspects of these activities, including issues related to the configuration and integration of current off-the-shelf products using telemetry databases for existing spacecraft, an analysis of issues related to the development of standard products for satellite communication, tradeoffs between hardware and software approaches to performing telemetry front-end processing functions, and proposals for future standards and development.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 27-30, 1997 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The Low Earth Orbit Terminal (LEO-T) developed by AlliedSignal for NASA Wallops is a fully autonomous satellite tracking system which provides a reliable, high quality, satellite data collection and dissemination service. The procurement was initiated by NASA, in an effort to provide more tracking capacity with a decreasing budget. A large mission set of NASA satellites in the next decade will not require the performance of existing large aperture systems. NASA is planning to use the larger aperture antennas to only support those missions needing the higher performance. The remainder of the missions will be supported with the smaller LEO-Ts, which are smaller, significantly less expensive, and fully automated. The procurement is also an attempt at a first step towards fostering commercialization and privatization of small station acquisition and services. The system design features a modular architecture to simplify integration and to support affordable future expansion. This paper begins with a brief summary of the LEO-T program, then provides the design details and capabilities of the LEO-T system.

Course: FOA214 Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration, 15 ECTS University: Mälardalens University School of Business, Society and Engineering Date: 2014, June 2nd Authors: Enkhluun Enkhmandakh, Cimin Ghaffari and Junyao Song Tutor: Zarina Osmonalieva Examiner: Eva Maaninen-Olsson Keywords: Hotel industry, service, internal marketing, front line employee, job satisfaction, Scandic Hotel. Research Question: How does Scandic Hotel in Västerås influence front line employee job satisfaction through internal marketing activities? Purpose of Research: The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyze how hotels can influence front line employee job satisfaction through internal marketing. This thesis is useful for organizations in the hotel industry to gain a deeper understanding of the connection between internal marketing and job satisfaction as well as the outcome of job satisfaction. Method: This descriptive case study has used a deductive strategy. A qualitative approach was applied to collect the empirical data through interviews with the General Manager of Scandic Hotel in Västerås. Both primary and secondary data have been gathered to achieve the purpose. Within-case analysis was used to analyze the collected data. Conclusion: It was discovered that Scandic Hotel in Västerås acknowledges the importance of front line employee job satisfaction and is able to influence it through internal marketing activities. Through analyzing the theories and the empirical data two differences were found. It is believed that the result can be generalized to others in the hotel industry. The thesis also noticed a link between the four components of internal marketing and the five dimensions of job satisfaction.

Seismic data from 106 station pair-paths, from the CNSN (Canadian National Seismic Network) and POLARIS (Portable Observatories for Lithospheric Analysis and Research Investigating Seismicity) seismic networks, were used to measure surface waves from earthquake events. Fundamental-mode Rayleigh-wave dispersion curves were generated and inverted to obtain dispersion maps and S-velocity cross-sections. Results show a clear distinction between the Cordilleran and cratonic lithospheres. The Cordilleran lithopshere shows a low-velocity perturbation with values ranging from -2% to -5%, while the cratonic lithosphere shows a high-velocity perturbation with values ranging from 3% to 9%. The large range in perturbation between the Cordilleran and cratonic lithospheres resolves the Cordilleran/craton boundary, showing that the boundary is present down to 200 km in depth and dips under the cratonic lithosphere. A high-velocity anomaly within the already high velocity cratonic lithosphere is present under Great Slave Lake and is interpreted as preserved Precambrian slab material. Many small high-velocity perturbations, reaching about 4%, are present at depths of 300+ km throughout the survey, and interpreted as being remnants of the Kula or Farallon plates. / February 2017