Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Michigan, 1945.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of California, Berkeley, 1983. / Cover title. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

Studien undersöker sambandet mellan skilsmässor och bostadspriser. Syftet är att bidra med ett vetenskapligt perspektiv som tidigare saknats i den svenska debatten inom ämnet. Avsikten är att förmedla en djupare förståelse för hur ekonomiska faktorer påverkar beslutet att skiljas, och hur familjer reagerar på förändringar i bostadsmarknaden. Frågeställningen som undersöks är; Finns det ett kausalt samband mellan förändringar i bostadspriser och skilsmässofrekvens på kommunal nivå i Sverige? För att studera ämnet används Gary S. Beckers teori som utgångspunkt. Teorin beskriver hur valet att ingå i äktenskap samt stanna i äktenskap baseras på en nytto-kostnadsberäkning. Tidigare forskning visar på olika resultat, både positiva och negativa samband mellan variablerna har observerats. Metoden som tillämpas i denna studie är en regressionsanalys baserad på paneldata som omfattar kommuner under en period på 21 år. Resultatet av undersökningen visar ett statistiskt signifikant, men svagt, positivt samband mellan variablerna

AN ABSTRACT FOR THE DISSERTATION OF STEPHEN JACK MCCASKEY, for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in EDUCATION, presented on June, 2009, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: TEACHING STYLES AND LEARING STRATEGIES OF ILLINOIS SECONDARY CAREER AND TECHNICAL EDUCAITON TEACHERS MAJOR PROFESSORS: Dr. Marcia Anderson Dr. John Washburn The purpose of this study was to identify the teaching styles and learning strategy preferences of secondary CTE teachers in the state of Illinois. This study explored variables related to the teaching-learner transaction for teachers with varied educational backgrounds. Further, this study examined the relationship between teaching styles and several demographic variables and the relationship between learning strategies and several demographic variables for teachers in the CTE field. Participants involved in this study were members of the Illinois Association of Career and Technical Education (IACTE) at the time of the study. Demographic data revealed most respondents were female and age varied between 20 to 73 years with the highest percentage of responses being between the ages of 51-55. The majority of respondent ethnicity was White. The number of years teaching among respondents varied from 0 to 41 with the highest percentage having less than six years. The highest percentage of respondents held a Master's degree and the highest percentage in which the respondents most frequently teach is Technology Education/Industrial Education. The certificate type that most respondents hold is a Type 09 Standard. This study employed two standardized instruments and a questionnaire assessment to address four research questions. The Principles of Adult Learning Scales (PALS) was the first instrument used in this study and is designed to assist individuals in identifying their teaching style. Assessing the Learning Strategies of Adults (ATLAS) was the second instrument used in this study and is designed to quickly identify learning strategies. The online questionnaire was administered by placing the instruments on the Department of Workforce Education and Development's server at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. The majority of respondents in this study identified Problem Solvers as their preferred learning strategy followed by Navigators and Engagers. The respondents of this study represented an overwhelming commitment to the teacher-centered style. Based on the results of this study, the analyses of data were used to create a profile of the three preferences of the learning strategies for CTE secondary teachers. Additionally, the analyses of data from this study were used to create a profile of the two types of the teaching styles for CTE secondary teachers - Teacher-centered and Student-centered.

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(in English) The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse narrative techniques in four novels of Romain Gary: Au delà de cette limite votre ticket n'est plus valable, Éducation européenne, Clair de femme and La vie devant soi in relation to author's ethic. The thesis studies how narrative ends up in a plot via individual narrative techniques and it also studies the way works transmit moral or even didactical appeal to a reader. The main attribute is mostly the category of narrator, the role it plays in a text or the point of view from which the story is told. Character speech (monologues and dialogues) is not omitted, what allows the analysis to take place at several levels of the text. Subsequently, the thesis directs at the author himself, his ethic and thematic aspect of his work as such. In the centre of attention, there is also moralistic tradition in French literature and possible role of Romain Gary in this trend. His position in period French literature is interesting as well. In the end part, the thesis gives answer to a substantial question whether Romain Gary can be considered a modern moralist of the 20th century. It eventually justifies which narrative or thematic methods he uses are evidence of his affiliation with this literary trend and school of thought. Key words French novel,...

This diploma thesis is examining hidden presence of a French author Romain Gary in the works of Émile Ajar. Only after Gary's death the public learned, that Émile Ajar was in fact Gary's pseudonym, although he has publicly denied this connection throughout his life. Because of this unrevealed mystification, Gary was given Goncourt prize twice, despite the fact that each author is only allowed to receive it once. Gary claims in his testament, that an observant reader of his work should immediately discover the connection. Can we agree with him, even if literary critics failed to find out? This work investigates various literary practices used by authors to hide their identity. The "lives" of both authors are presented. Gary did not only create Émile Ajar's life story, he also persuaded his nephew to pose as Ajar in public. The stories are followed by a comparative analysis of eight novels: four published under Gary's name and four under the pseudonym. Comparing the selected works from diverse aspects, we try to answer the principal question: Was it possible to prove that Émile Ajar was Gary's creation during his very lifetime?

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present study addresses the Abolitionist Approach to Animal Rights proposed by the American legal scholar Gary L. Francione. This research aims to discuss three h v w h h : h moral relationship between humans and nonhumans; (B) the property status of nonhuman animals; (C) the philosophical grounding for a moral theory in defense of nonhuman animals based solely on sentience. For doing so, this study not only x h k g q y h h h perspectives of other authors. In view of this, the present dissertation is divided in three chapters. In the first chapter, it will be investigated the issue of the moral relations held between human beings and nonhumans animals. Major emphasis will be placed on the analysis of the d moral schizophrenia the last one was coined by Francione. In the second chapter, it will be detailed the moral and legal status of nonhuman animals as economic resources and its numerous theoretical and practical implications. Other key issues approached in this h h y K h hy defense of animal rights, and a reconstruction of the debate among Francione and Robert Garner on the relation between equal consideration of interests and property. In the third chapter, four major themes will be subject of problematization: (a) the attempts to exclude nonhuman animals from the moral community; (b) the similar-minds theory of the human/nonhuman relationship; (c) the lifeboat dilemma, the harm of death on sentient beings and their interest in continued existence; and (d) the creation of an animal rights moral theory based solely on sentience and the extension of the moral personhood to all sentient nonhuman animals. As a general conclusion, it will be sustained that the extension of moral personhood as well as moral rights to nonhuman animals will lead to the abolition of institutionalized animal exploitation. / O presente estudo versa sobre a Abordagem Abolicionista dos Direitos Animais proposta pelo scholar de Direito norte-americano Gary L. Francione. Esta pesquisa almeja discutir três tópicos centrais da perspectiva ética de Francione em defesa dos animais não-humanos: (A) a relação moral entre humanos e não-humanos; (B) o estatuto de propriedade dos animais não-humanos; (C) a fundamentação filosófica de uma teoria moral em defesa dos animais não-humanos baseada somente na senciência. Para fazê-lo, esse estudo não apenas explora o pensamento moral de Francione, mas igualmente contrapõe suas ideias às perspectivas éticas de outros autores. Com isso em vista, a presente dissertação divide-se em três capítulos. No primeiro capítulo, investigar-se-á a questão das relações morais mantidas entre seres humanos e animais não-humanos. Dar-se-á maior ênfase à análise das õ q z esta última, cunhada por Francione. No segundo capítulo, será detalhado o estatuto moral e legal dos animais não-humanos como recursos econômicos e suas diversas implicações teóricas e práticas. Outros assuntos-chave abordados nesse capítulo incluem uma discussão sobre o problema da crueldade na filosofia moral kantiana, uma defesa dos direitos dos animais e uma reconstrução do debate entre Francione e Robert Garner sobre a relação entre igual consideração de interesses semelhantes e propriedade. No terceiro capítulo, quatro grandes temáticas serão alvo de problematização: (a) as tentativas de exclusão dos animais não-humanos da comunidade moral; (b) a teoria das mentes similares da relação entre humanos/não-humanos; (c) o dilema do bote salva-vidas, o dano da morte em seres sencientes e o seu interesse na existência continuada; e (d) a criação de uma teoria moral dos direitos animais baseada apenas na senciência e a extensão da pessoalidade moral a todos os animais não-humanos sencientes. Como conclusão geral, será sustentado que a extensão da pessoalidade moral, assim como de direitos morais aos animais não-humanos, acarretará na abolição da exploração animal institucionalizada.

Le rêve américain est une source d’espoir pour les personnages garyens qui, en localisant leurs rêves et en leur offrant des modèles idéaux, leur insuffle une force nouvelle. Cette Amérique, faite de clichés que Gary détourne ou s’approprie, peut prendre appui dans la réalité mais il en amplifie les traits, jusqu’à réinventer un pays plus grand que nature, mythique et miraculeux. Le Nouveau Monde, libérateur de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, a gardé, pour les personnages européens, une image plus intacte que l’Europe meurtrie. Vu comme neuf et différent, il est la destination rêvée, mais difficile d’accès, pour ceux qui veulent changer de vie et « devenir quelqu’un ». Il pourrait peut-être même laisser apparaître cet homme nouveau qu’espère Gary. Mais les États-Unis sont loin d’être parfaits et Gary nuance avec lucidité ces images, évoquant un pays affecté par des problèmes et remises en questions qui sont souvent l’écho de ses propres interrogations et déceptions. La terre promise imaginée par les personnages n’est qu’un pays, presque comme les autres, de même que les Noirs américains, que certains auraient voulu croire différents et supérieurs aux autres hommes, ne sont qu’humains : tous sont capables du pire comme du meilleur. Les textes garyens sont ancrés dans la culture américaine, nourris par l’histoire contemporaine, parfois l’actualité brûlante, et par des citations, références ou parodies puisées dans un vaste fonds littéraire et populaire américain. Gary connaît l’Amérique et refuse d’en donner une image trop simple ; il utilise son omniprésente ironie pour s’en distancier, mais il conserve toujours son intérêt pour ce pays qui trace un chemin vers le futur. / The American Dream is a source of hope for Romain Gary’s characters which, by locating their dreams and offering them ideal models, inspires them with a new strength. This America, made of clichés that Gary diverts or appropriates, can be based on reality but Gary amplifies its features, up to reinventing a country larger than life, mythical and miraculous. The New World, liberator of World War II, kept a more intact image for European characters than the wounded Europe. Seen as new and different, it’s the dream but hard to reach destination for those who want to change their life and « become someone ». Maybe there could even appear what Gary longs for, a new humanity. The United States are nevertheless far from being perfect and Gary lucidly qualifies those images when he describes a country affected by problems and reappraisals which often echo his owns queries and disillusions. The promised land characters had imagined is just a country after all, almost like the others, as Black Americans, who some characters wanted to believe could be different and superior, are only humans : they’re all as capable of giving their worse or best. Gary’s works are anchored in American culture, making use of contemporary history and of many quotations, references or parodies drawn from a large collection of American literature and popular culture. Gary knows America and refuses to portray it in too simplistic a way ; he uses his omnipresent irony to distance himself from it but never ceases to show his interest for this country which leads the way towards the future.