Thesis (doctoral)--Uppsala universitet, 1995. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement and English abstract inserted. Includes bibliographical references (p. [207]-219).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, Madison, 2001. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 297-332).

Gathering places (mötesplatser in Swedish) is an frequent used concept within the discourse about urban and regional planning in Sweden. It is an ambiguous term that is used in a variety of contexts and with a variety of meanings. Present work aims to investigate and describe the function of an urban square in Sweden as a public gathering place based on a number of given aspects. To achieve the aim of this thesis two different research approaches, in addition to an extensive literature study, is being used; a survey with people in a calculated target area and observations following the methodology created by Metha, 2014. Previous studies have shown that there are a number of variab- les that need to be understood to create a comprehensive insight in the social dimensions of urban public space. Among these, different groups and their perception of different factors are crucial to include. Furthermore, the inclusion and the possi- bility to use the public space is of great importance. As is the possibility to feel safe and calm in the space. Hence, there are numerous factors to include when the social dimensions of a public space is to be studied. These factors can be measured as indicators on how good the public space is, as is done in the Public Space Index developed by Metha (2014). Present study’s findings include a suggested definition of the term “Public gathering place” and data that indicates that Bysistorget is an overall good public gathering place. This is, however, proble- matized when the data is divided by different groups and a more variegated understanding arises.

This study attempts to analyse the way foreign media organisations have used the Internet to inform, educate and mobilise citizens for participation in their national election. These foreign experiences provide a framework with which to analyse the implications for the SABC as a public broadcaster of the next elections in South Africa. The research was informed by theories of media and democracy. One of the most powerful features of the new technology is its technical ability to facilitate an interactive flow of information. This research examines the concept of cyberdemocracy and the implications for the SABC, especially as it is planning on launching an online election strategy. The democratic roles of journalism and the implications for the SABC are also discussed. As a public service broadcaster, the SABC is bound to educate, inform, and mobilise voters for participation, build community and national identity and scrutinise the poll in the interests of transparency, accountability and fair play. International journalists are advocating a new type of journalism, called public or civic journalism, which combines these roles. This research draws primarily on qualitative research methods, using a case study methodology. It draws upon direct observation and interview methodology in the fieldwork. However, it also uses some quantitative methods in the analysis of the websites and the SABC research.Finally, the research analyses the situation at the SABC and provides recommendations for the election website within this context.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-09-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:17:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_jef_me_rcla.pdf: 1217091 bytes, checksum: d47dbb4a503dd233f794b6d15994c021 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O turismo exerce fortes impactos (positivos e negativos) sobre a economia, a cultura e o espaço das áreas receptoras, e por ser uma atividade complexa, torna-se importante uma reflexão de como esta atividade pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento local. O turismo como setor da atividade econômica organiza o seu próprio território, criando estruturas urbanas e regionais com características singulares, que expressam, em níveis espaciais, o regime de produção e reprodução de uma sociedade mercantil, além de gerar diversos multiplicadores que beneficiam o turismo e também as demais atividades econômicas. Diante disso, alguns arranjos produtivos locais, efetivos e potenciais, estão direta ou indiretamente relacionados com o setor turístico e esta dissertação procura explicar a organização dos territórios do setor de turismo no estado de São Paulo, e suas relações com os Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) sobre a forma de circuitos espaciais de produção. A partir de análises conceituais acerca do turismo, desenvolvimento local e os APLs, esta dissertação faz uma avaliação da articulação da cadeia produtiva de Arranjos Produtivos Locais industriais e agro-industriais e dos circuitos espaciais com o turismo, analisando como esta articulação contribui para geração de desenvolvimento local. O turismo tem efeitos em APLs com funções produtivas, mas que no período de baixa produtividade ocorre uma inversão da economia, e atua também como uma estratégia de inserção competitiva, ao atuar como complemento de outras atividades econômicas, aumentando e restaurando a competitividade de alguns setores produtivos através da complementação deste setor ao se integrar à cadeia produtiva, como atividade complementar com grande potencial de atrair consumidores e aumentar a demanda do comércio local ou como fonte alternativa de renda. A atividade turística ajuda... / The tourism exercises strong impacts (positive and negative) on the economy, the culture and the space of the receiving areas, and for being a complex activity, it becomes important a reflection of as this activity can contribute to the local development. The tourism as section of the economical activity organizes its own territory, creating urban and regional structures with singular characteristics, that express, in space levels, the production regime and reproduction of a mercantile society, besides generating several multipliers that benefit the tourism and also the other economical activities. Before that, some local, effective and potential productive systems, are direct or indirectly related with the tourist section and this dissertation tries to explain the organization of the territories of the section of tourism in the state of São Paulo, and their relationships with the Local Productive Systems (LPS) on the form of space circuits of production. Starting from conceptual analyses concerning the tourism, local development and APLs, this dissertation makes an evaluation of the articulation of the productive chain of industrial and agriculture-industrial Local Productive Systems and of the space circuits with the tourism, analyzing as this articulation contributes to generation of local development. The tourism has effects in Local Productive Systems with productive functions, but that happens an inversion of the economy in the period of low productivity, and it also acts as a strategy of competitive insert, when acting as complement of other economical activities, increasing and restoring the competitiveness of some productive sections through the complementation of this section when becoming complete to the productive chain, as complemental activity with great potential of to attract consumers and to increase the demand of the local trade or as alternative source of income... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Elson Luciano Silva Pires / Banca: Paulo Roberto Teixeira de Godoy / Banca: Claudete de Castro Silva Vitte / Resumo: O turismo exerce fortes impactos (positivos e negativos) sobre a economia, a cultura e o espaço das áreas receptoras, e por ser uma atividade complexa, torna-se importante uma reflexão de como esta atividade pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento local. O turismo como setor da atividade econômica organiza o seu próprio território, criando estruturas urbanas e regionais com características singulares, que expressam, em níveis espaciais, o regime de produção e reprodução de uma sociedade mercantil, além de gerar diversos multiplicadores que beneficiam o turismo e também as demais atividades econômicas. Diante disso, alguns arranjos produtivos locais, efetivos e potenciais, estão direta ou indiretamente relacionados com o setor turístico e esta dissertação procura explicar a organização dos territórios do setor de turismo no estado de São Paulo, e suas relações com os Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APLs) sobre a forma de circuitos espaciais de produção. A partir de análises conceituais acerca do turismo, desenvolvimento local e os APLs, esta dissertação faz uma avaliação da articulação da cadeia produtiva de Arranjos Produtivos Locais industriais e agro-industriais e dos circuitos espaciais com o turismo, analisando como esta articulação contribui para geração de desenvolvimento local. O turismo tem efeitos em APLs com funções produtivas, mas que no período de baixa produtividade ocorre uma inversão da economia, e atua também como uma estratégia de inserção competitiva, ao atuar como complemento de outras atividades econômicas, aumentando e restaurando a competitividade de alguns setores produtivos através da complementação deste setor ao se integrar à cadeia produtiva, como atividade complementar com grande potencial de atrair consumidores e aumentar a demanda do comércio local ou como fonte alternativa de renda. A atividade turística ajuda... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The tourism exercises strong impacts (positive and negative) on the economy, the culture and the space of the receiving areas, and for being a complex activity, it becomes important a reflection of as this activity can contribute to the local development. The tourism as section of the economical activity organizes its own territory, creating urban and regional structures with singular characteristics, that express, in space levels, the production regime and reproduction of a mercantile society, besides generating several multipliers that benefit the tourism and also the other economical activities. Before that, some local, effective and potential productive systems, are direct or indirectly related with the tourist section and this dissertation tries to explain the organization of the territories of the section of tourism in the state of São Paulo, and their relationships with the Local Productive Systems (LPS) on the form of space circuits of production. Starting from conceptual analyses concerning the tourism, local development and APLs, this dissertation makes an evaluation of the articulation of the productive chain of industrial and agriculture-industrial Local Productive Systems and of the space circuits with the tourism, analyzing as this articulation contributes to generation of local development. The tourism has effects in Local Productive Systems with productive functions, but that happens an inversion of the economy in the period of low productivity, and it also acts as a strategy of competitive insert, when acting as complement of other economical activities, increasing and restoring the competitiveness of some productive sections through the complementation of this section when becoming complete to the productive chain, as complemental activity with great potential of to attract consumers and to increase the demand of the local trade or as alternative source of income... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

In today's highly competitive industries, engineers are driven to not only design a better product to fulfill users' needs but also demanded to develop a product in a short time to occupy the market. With the development of data collection and visualization technology, the application of data visualization into product development to enhance the ability of better product design is a significant trend.  Data visualization becomes more and more important since it could illustrate the valuable information, such as tacit needs and patterns which hidden from data, in a communicated way to help engineers get more inspiration for the conceptual design.   It is not hard to collect data; however, the challenge is to visualize the valuable information from a large number of data concisely and intuitively. In recent years, there are some visualization techniques available for product design, while, most of them are implemented in the later stage of product development, few methods are applicable for conceptual design. Therefore, this thesis is carried out to explore appropriate visualization techniques to provide support for conceptual design.   The aim of this thesis is, in an engineering environment, to investigate ways to visualize complex data legibly and intuitively to enhance engineers’ ability for conceptual design from better understanding the current machine. In order to achieve the objective, a conceptual design case of the improvement of wheel loader fuel consumption is applied, which consisted of plenty of data sets within various parameters, to explore how to reveal the hidden information of complex data for engineers.   As the result of this thesis, a prototype contains a series of visualization techniques is proposed to demonstrate data information from a wheel loader under several visualization situations. The final prototype has the functions of visualizing different operations separately; visualizing the overall fuel consumption in one operation; cluster's patterns visualization; visualizing the impact of one variable on the whole value.

Transferências Condicionadas de Renda (TCR), como o Programa Bolsa Família (PBF) no Brasil, são cada vez mais adotadas no mundo para romper com o ciclo de transmissão da pobreza, por meio de transferências monetárias a famílias pobres, condicionadas a investimentos em capital humano. Como cerca de 76% da população pobre do mundo vive em áreas rurais, e a incidência de pobreza é maior em localidades remotas florestadas, os TCR são frequentemente implementados junto a populações semiautárquicas de países em desenvolvimento. Assim, essas transferências têm aumentado a disponibilidade de recursos monetários junto a essas populações, como certos povos indígenas. Nesses contextos, evidências prévias mostram que a monetarização das economias locais pode ter efeitos positivos, negativos ou nulos na dedicação de tempo às atividades de subsistência e no consumo de recursos naturais. Porém, existem duas lacunas nesse conhecimento. Primeiro, estudos prévios avaliaram os efeitos conjuntos de diversas fontes de renda, muito embora estas variem nos investimentos de tempo necessários, de nulos (e.g., TCR e aposentadorias) a altos (e.g., salários e comércio de artesanato). Segundo, a maior parte da literatura assume, ainda que implicitamente, que as decisões na base das escolhas humanas são racionais e motivadas, sobretudo, por maximizar a renda ou, eventualmente, minimizar os riscos. Porém, evidências empíricas e avanços teóricos indicam que as decisões nem sempre são racionais, tanto por limitações cognitivas que levam a outros processos decisórios (e.g., heurísticas), como porque são motivadas por outros fatores (e.g., prazer, emoção, normas sociais). Portanto, esta dissertação teve por objetivo investigar se o aumento da renda monetária de transferências do PBF estava associado a diferenças no investimento de tempo em atividades de subsistência (agricultura, caça, pesca e coleta) e no consumo de produtos derivados ou não dessas atividades pelo povo indígena Kisêdjê da Amazônia brasileira. Além disso, investigou se o hedonismo e a contabilidade mental seriam motivadores dessas decisões. Três hipóteses foram testadas. Primeira, diferentes fontes de renda monetária devem produzir efeitos diversos sobre o tempo dedicado pelos Kisêdjê a atividades de subsistência. Segunda, os efeitos do PBF devem variar de acordo com o quanto as pessoas apreciam cada atividade de subsistência, i.e., o hedonismo é importante para prever investimentos de tempo nessas atividades. Terceira, os Kisêdjê realizam contabilidade mental, i.e., separam o dinheiro em diferentes contas mentais e, portanto, fontes alternativas de renda monetária devem produzir padrões de consumo distintos e fontes de renda de baixo esforço, como o PBF, devem privilegiar o consumo de alimentos ou de bens supérfluos. Para tal, o estudo adotou um delineamento observacional em painel, compreendendo todos (242) os indivíduos adultos (>=16 anos) de 2 comunidades. Os dados foram coletados em dois períodos em 2016 e 2017, por meio de survey por entrevistas estruturadas e experimento em contabilidade mental, e observação direta de alocação de tempo (random-interval instantaneous sampling), sendo analisados por técnicas de estatística descritiva e modelos mistos de regressão. Os resultados mostraram, primeiro, que as transferências do PBF não tiveram efeitos no tempo dedicado às atividades de subsistência, embora outras rendas monetárias (e.g., trabalho regular, aposentadoria) tenham ora aumentado, ora reduzido a probabilidade de investimento de tempo. Segundo, o hedonismo foi mais importante que as fontes de renda monetária para explicar o esforço alocado na atividade de caça para os homens. Por fim, não foram observadas evidências de contabilidade mental, ou seja: (i) o padrão de consumo não diferiu segundo a fonte de renda, mas somente entre homens e mulheres; (ii) com fontes de renda de baixo (e.g. PBF) ou alto esforço, os Kisêdjê estiveram menos propensos a consumir bens supérfluos. Os resultados parecem sugerir que os efeitos do PBF nas atividades de subsistência e no consumo dos Kisêdjê são baixos, muito embora a cobertura ampla tenha dificultado a avaliação. Quanto aos motivadores, os resultados apontam para a importância de investigar outros determinantes além da renda. / Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs), such as the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) in Brazil, have increasingly been adopted worldwide to break the cycle of poverty transmission, by transferring cash to poor families, conditional on investments in human capital. As about 76% of the worlds poor live in rural areas, and poverty incidence is higher in remote forested localities, CCTs are frequently implemented in semi-autarkic communities of developing countries. Thus, these transfers have increased the availability of cash income resources to semi-autarkic populations, such as certain indigenous peoples. In this context, prior evidence shows the monetization of local economies has been associated with positive, negative, or null effects on the time allocated to subsistence activities and consumption of natural resources. However, there are two knowledge gaps. First, previous studies evaluated the combined effects of several income sources, although these sources vary on the necessary time investments, from null (e.g., CCTs) to high (e.g., wages and handicrafts trade). Second, most previous studies assume, although implicitly, that decisions which base peoples choices are rational and motivated, above all, on income maximization or, occasionally, risk minimization. However, empirical evidence and theoretical advances indicate that decisions are often not always, either because of cognitive limitations that lead to other decision-making processes (e.g., heuristics), or because they are motivated by other factors (e.g., pleasure, emotion, social norms). Therefore, this dissertation aimed to investigate whether increased levels of cash income from the BFP transfers were associated with differences in time investments in subsistence activities (agriculture, hunting, fishing and gathering) and in the consumption of Kisêdjê indigenous people from the Brazilian Amazon. Additionally, we investigated if hedonism and mental accounting were the motivators behind these decisions. Three hypotheses were tested. First, alternative income sources should produce different effects on the time allocated by the Kisêdjê to subsistence activities. Second, the effects of BFP should vary, depending on how much people appreciated each subsistence activity, i.e. hedonism is important to predict time investments. Third, Kisêdjê do mental accounting and, therefore, different cash income sources should distinct consumption patterns and low-effort activities such as BFP should increase the likelihood of consuming superfluous food or goods. To do that, we adopted an observational panel design, including all (242) adult individuals (>= 16 years) in 2 communities. Data were gathered in two periods in 2016 and 2017, through a survey based on face-to-face interviews and experiment in mental accounting, direct observations of time allocation by random-interval instantaneous sampling, and were analysed by descriptive statistical techniques and mixed-effects regressions. The results indicated that, first, BFP cash transfers had no effect on the time spent on subsistence activities, although other income sources (e.g., wages, pensions) in certain cases increased, while in others decreased the likelihood of time investments. Second, hedonism was important than cash income sources in explaining the effort allocated to hunting for men. Finally, we did not observe evidences of mental accounting, i.e.: (i) consumption patterns did not differ across income sources, but only between men and women; (ii) with low-effort (e.g., BFP) or high-effort income sources, the Kisêdjê were less likely to consume superfluous goods. Our results suggest that the effects of BFP transfers on subsistence activities and consumption are low, although the high rate of coverage has impaired our analyses. As regards motivations, the results point to the importance of investigating determinants other than income.

This thesis inquiries into trauma, its historical developments, experience, and symptoms. The theoretical part lays stress on post-traumatic stress disorder and its classification and diagnosis for the readers to have an extensive knowledge of trauma. The readers are also presented with the quintessential aftermath of trauma. The practical part adverts to childhood trauma of the main protagonists of The Gathering and The Hiding Place by the authors Anne Enright and Trezza Azzopardi. The intention is to query what happened to these characters, rather than focusing on what is wrong with them. The objective is to see the person behind his or her behaviour. Many studies refer to increasing problems in terms of mental health by children and adolescents associated with early childhood trauma. The aim in what follows is to consider whether the harm to childhood trauma can be remedied or whether childhood trauma persists until old age. KEY WORDS: Childhood trauma; post-traumatic stress disorder; trauma fiction; Enright; Azzopardi; The Gathering; The Hiding Place

Read up protocol OBD-II and familiarize yourself with the concept of existing devices, which use this protocol for wireless data transmission diagnostics car. Different conception mutually compare and suggest own concept device. The device should be consist from standard components without development own hardware. Implement the proposed device. Verify function of device and measure its range and data throughput. Discuss the connection to the database server and simple presentation of data.