Made available in DSpace on 2011-11-09T14:45:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1648 bytes, checksum: e095249ac7cacefbfe39684dfe45e706 (MD5) 000227.pdf: 618359 bytes, checksum: 66377ddbd51c6f2ae1dc1ac99d13c169 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Fernandes Figueira. Departamento de Ensino. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e da Mulher. Rio de Janeiro, RJ< Brasil / Este estudo objetivou analisar o entendimento das informações fornecidas e as opções reprodutivas de mulheres que passaram pelo aconselhamento genético (AG) no Instituto Fernandes Figueira (IFF)/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ). Muitos artigos mostram que a lembrança dos riscos de recorrência e a interpretação dos riscos de forma correta são fundamentais para o planejamento reprodutivo. Primeiramente foi feito uma análise quantitativa, através de freqüências simples, para o levantamento do perfil das mulheres atendidas durante os anos de 2002 e 2003 (160 mulheres), quanto à idade, escolaridade e estado civil. Avaliamos também o fluxograma do atendimento durante o pré-natal e nas consultas de AG.Posteriormente foi realizada uma pesquisa, através de entrevistas estruturadas (35 perguntas), enviadas pelo correio para as 101 mulheres atendidas no período de 2002 a 2004, que se enquadravam nos critérios de inclusão ( filho natimorto ou neomorto com anomalia congênita e que foi submetido a necrópsia, avaliação genética, ou estudo citogenético). Recebemos 34 respostas ( com termo de consentimento livre e informado assinado), que foram analisadas fazendo-se uso das abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa, para verificar o entendimento das clientes em relação ao diagnóstico, risco de recorrência, interpretação de riscos e suas opções reprodutivas após o AG.Encontramos respostas condizentes com as informações fornecidas em relação à lembrança do risco numérico e à interpretação do risco em torno de 53 por cento e 56 por cento , respectivamente. Percebemos, entretanto, que em nosso estudo o desejo de ter filhos esteve mais fortemente ligado às decisões reprodutivas do que os riscos de recorrência fornecidos. / This study aimed to analyze how the information provided to women through genetic counselling (GC) in Instituto Fernandes Figueira (IFF) / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) was understood and their reproductive options thereafter. Many authors point out that recalling the recurrence risks and their correct interpretation are extremely important for reproductive planning. A quantitative analysis was performed using simple frequencies to characterize the profile of the women who sought GC in the years 2002 and 2003 (160 women). Data such as age, education level and marital status were collected. The flowchart of care during prenatal and GC consultations was studied. After the profile analysis, a structured interview comprising 35 questions was sent by mail to 101 women who underwent GC in the years 2002 to 2004 and fullfilled the inclusion criteria (whose babies had congenital anomalies and werestillborn or died in the neonatal period and underwent autopsy, genetic evaluation or chromosomal investigation). The 34 responses (with signed informed consent to participate in the study) were received and underwent both quantitative and qualitative analyses, where the clients´ understanding was verified regarding diagnosis,recurrence risks, risk interpretation and their reproductive options after the conclusion of GC. Responses were in accordance to the information provided in GC, regarding remembrance of the numerical recurrence risk and its interpretation in 53% and 56%, respectively. Our study showed, however, that the desire to have children was more strongly related to the reproductive decisions than the informed recurrence risks.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-14T13:53:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Daiane Baldasso Böhm_.pdf: 1286054 bytes, checksum: 502a9d545ea8a3ec5b352f21f9ebe9b7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T13:53:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daiane Baldasso Böhm_.pdf: 1286054 bytes, checksum: 502a9d545ea8a3ec5b352f21f9ebe9b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / PROSUP - Programa de Suporte à Pós-Gradução de Instituições de Ensino Particulares / Os/As pacientes têm o direito de escolher a alternativa mais apropriada dentre os tratamentos de saúde disponíveis (TOERIEN et al., 2011), e precisam ser informados/as sobre as opções de possíveis tratamentos e exames diagnósticos especializados para que possam alcançar a autonomia necessária para tomar sua decisão. (LANDMARK; GULBRADSEN; SVENNEVIG, 2015; WESSELS; KOOLE; PENN, 2014). Para tanto, almeja-se o provimento de todas as informações necessárias e existentes sobre essa possível próxima etapa com certo grau de neutralidade, a fim de reconhecer a autonomia e o conhecimento do/a paciente. (LANDMARK; GULBRANDSEN; SVENNEVIG, 2014; DREW; HERITAGE, 1992). Recomendações realizadas de forma a priorizar uma opção em particular representam a autoridade deôntica do/a profissional. (STEVANOVIC; PERÄKYLÄ, 2012). Há uma lacuna em estudos interacionais na área da saúde com interações naturalísticas, i.e., “[...] dados advindos de situações cotidianas e que acontecem (e aconteceriam) com ou sem a presença de um pesquisador” (OSTERMANN; MENEGHEL, 2012, p. 14) em língua portuguesa que observem as recomendações médico/a-paciente e o processo de tomada de decisão. Ressaltamos, contudo, que ao se desenvolver uma pesquisa sob essa temática, toda uma classe profissional pode se beneficiar dos resultados. Esse tipo de análise pode contribuir para a formação de profissionais que atuam em áreas em que recomendar/tomar decisões é prática recorrente. Esta dissertação visa a analisar de que forma é realizada a sequência de recomendações médicas a pacientes grávidas (gestações de médio e alto risco) em consultas de Aconselhamento Genético (AG). Nas consultas, um médico geneticista recomenda a realização de testagem genético-fetal envolvendo procedimentos (i.e., amniocentese ou cordocentese) para posterior análise do cariótipo fetal. Ambos são procedimentos invasivos e não são livres de risco. O estudo objetiva (1) identificar a Organização Estrutural Geral (OEG) dos segmentos em que há recomendações (nível macro estrutural de análise das interações); (2) descrever as fases das recomendações nas consultas analisadas; (3) analisar as características linguístico-interacionais das sequências de recomendações (nível microinteracional de análise); (4) investigar, de uma perspectiva analítica interacional (SACKS, 1992), como (e se) a autoridade deôntica do profissional emerge nessas sequências, e sua relação com o domínio epistêmico dos/as participantes. Para tanto, a análise dos dados foi realizada sob a perspectiva teórico-metodológica da Análise da Conversa (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974; CLIFT, 2016), que permite uma análise minuciosa e retrospectiva dos turnos de fala que compõem sequências interacionais. O contexto de pesquisa é um hospital do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), localizado no sul do Brasil, que oferece consultas de AG a pacientes grávidas com gestações de médio e alto risco. Este estudo insere-se em um projeto maior coordenado pela Profa. Dra. Ana Cristina Ostermann, chamado A mobilização do saber e do fazer: episteme e deonticidade na fala-em-interação institucional e na conversa cotidiana, bem como as interações aqui analisadas advêm desse mesmo projeto. / Patients have the right to choose the most suitable among the different alternatives of health treatment (TOERIN et al., 2011), and thus need to be informed about the choices of possible treatments as well as of more specialized diagnostic exams so that they can reach the necessary autonomy to make a decision. (LANDMARK; GULBRANDSEN; SVENNEVIG, 2015; WESSELS; KOOLE; PENN, 2014). For this reason, professionals are supposed to provide patients with the necessary and existing information about the possible next step with some degree of neutrality, recognizing patients’ autonomy and knowledge. (LANDMARK; GULBRANDSEN; SVENNEVIG, 2014; DREW; HERITAGE, 1992). Non-neutral (biased) recommendations for a specific treatment or medical exam might represent an explicit stance of the professional’s deontic authority. (STEVANOVIC; PERÄKYLA, 2012). There is a lack of health interactional studies with naturalistic interactions i.e., “[…] data from daily situations which happen (and would happen) with or without the researcher presence” (OSTERMANN; MENEGHEL, 2012, p. 14, our translation) in Brazilian Portuguese language that observe physician-patient recommendations and the decision-making process. We highlight, however, that developing a research concerning this theme, a whole professional class must be beneficiated from the results. This kind of analysis may contribute for the formation of professionals who work in areas in which recommending/making decisions is current practise. The present master’s dissertation analyzes how the medical-pregnant patients’s (medium and high risk pregnancies) recommendation sequence is done in Genetic Counselling (GC) consultations. Along the consultations, a geneticist recommends the foetal-genetic test involving procedures (i.e. amniocentesis or cordocentesis) for further foetal karyotype analysis. Both procedures are invasive and not free risk. This study consists of (1) identifying the Overall Structural Organization (OSO) of the segments in which there are recommendations (macro structural level of interactional analysis); (2) describing the recommendation phases in the analysed consultations; (3) analysing the linguistic-interactional features of recommendation sequences (micro structural level of analysis); (4) investigating, from a conversation analytical perspective (SACKS, 1992), how (and if) the professional deontic authority takes shape in these sequences, and its relation with the participants epistemic domain. In order to do so, the data analysis was done under Conversation Analysis (CA) theoretical-methodological approach (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974; CLIFT, 2016), which enables a meticulous analysis and turns of talk retrospective that make interactional sequences. The research context is a public hospital in the south of Brazil, which offers GC consultations for pregnant patients with medium and high risk pregnancies. This study consists of a subproject of a larger project coordinated by Profa. Ana Cristina Ostermann, named A mobilização do saber e do fazer: episteme e deonticidade na fala-em-interação institucional e na conversa cotidiana, as the analysed interactions also come from the same project.

Thèse en génétique cardiovasculaire / Introduction : Environ 30 000 Canadiens décèdent subitement dû à un trouble cardiaque structurel ou électrique. Près de 5% de ces décès demeurent inexpliqués. La prédisposition génétique est le facteur de risque principal de la fibrillation ventriculaire (FV), où les bases génétiques restent à être mieux définies, surtout chez les cas d’arrêt cardiaque inexpliqué. L’impact clinique des tests génétiques chez les cardiomyopathies et arythmies héréditaires, autres que pour le dépistage familial en cascade, demeure peu abordé dans la littérature. Durant les dernières années, l’accessibilité des bases de données publiques sur les variations génétiques populationnelles a explosé et notre habileté d’interpréter des variants génétiques s’est raffinée. Toutefois, pour des populations moins bien représentées dans ces bases de données, tout comme la population Canadienne-Française, l’interprétation des variants génétiques demeure imprécise. L’utilité de bases de données spécifiques à la population Canadienne-Française, pour améliorer l’interprétation des résultats génétiques cardiovasculaires, doit être évaluée. Hypothèses : 1) L’analyse génétique systématique par panels de gènes virtuels chez les patients suspectés d’être atteints d’arythmie ou de cardiomyopathie héréditaire et chez les survivants de morts subite cardiaque (MSC) inexpliquée fourni des informations utiles pour le diagnostic et le pronostic de ces patients, ainsi que pour le dépistage familial. 2) L'utilisation de bases de données de variations génétiques spécifiques à la population Canadienne-Française facilite l'interprétation des variants dans le contexte clinique de la génétique cardiovasculaire. Objectifs : L’objectif principal de ce projet de recherche est d’améliorer nos connaissances sur les facteurs génétiques impliqués chez la MSC par l’utilisation de séquençage nouvelle génération (séquençage d’exons) et d’évaluer l’impact clinique d’une analyse génétique systématique chez cette population de patients. Nous avons aussi l’intention d’évaluer l’utilité clinique des analyses génétiques et comprendre l’impact des variants récurrents impliqués dans les cardiomyopathies et arythmies héréditaires chez la population Canadienne-Française. Méthodes : Dans une première série d’études, nous avons évalué l’impact de l’analyse génétique systématique en effectuant un séquençage d’exomes systématique chez des survivants de MSC provenant d’une large cohorte internationale, incluant le registre et bio-banque canadien CASPER (Canadian Cardiac Arrest Survivors with Preserved Ejection fraction Registry - CASPER). Nous avons rapporté le taux diagnostic de ce type d’analyse génétique chez cette population et son utilité diagnostic. Nous avons procédé à une analyse par association cas-contrôle par l’utilisation de la base de données publiques gnomAD (Genome Aggregation Database – gnomAD) comme cohorte contrôle et l’algorithme RV-EXCALIBER (Rare Variant Exome CALIBration using External Repositories – RV-EXCALIBER) afin d’établir l’importante contribution du gène du récepteur ryanodine 2 (RYR2) chez l’arrêt cardiaque. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons évalué le taux diagnostic et l’utilité clinique des tests génétiques chez les patients avec suspicion de cardiomyopathies et arythmies héréditaires vus au Centre de Génétique Cardiovasculaire (CGC) de l’Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal (ICM) entre les années 2006 et 2020. Grâce à ce jeu de données et aux récentes données populationnelles provenant de l’étude québécoise CARTaGENE, nous avons comparé la fréquence allélique des variants récurrents identifiés chez les cas comparés à celle des contrôles afin d’évaluer la pathogénicité de ces variants et leur contribution chez les cardiomyopathies chez les Canadiens-Français. Enfin, nous avons décrit l’implication d’un variant faux-sens dans le gène de la desmoplakine (DSP) chez une famille canadienne-française aux prises avec la cardiomyopathie arythmogène avec une prédominance de l’atteinte du ventricule gauche et avons réalisé une analyse cas-contrôle pour un domaine spécifique de la protéine afin d’identifier une région mutationnelle (« hot-spot ») dans le gène DSP. Résultats : Dans une première étude sur la génétique de la MSC, basée sur la cohorte CASPER qui incluaient 228 survivants de MSC, nous avons démontré un taux diagnostic de l’analyse génétique systématique de 10%. Essentiellement, l’analyse génétique systématique a permis d’augmenter le nombre de cas « expliqués » par les évaluations phénotypiques avancées de 9% à 18% lorsque combinée avec l’analyse génétique. Des 23 porteurs de variants causaux, 13 (57%) ont été identifiés avec un variant pathogénique associé à une cardiomyopathie en l’absence d’un diagnostic de cardiomyopathie, mettant en lumière le potentiel arythmogène des variants génétiques associés aux cardiomyopathies en absence de changements cardiaques structurels. Nous avons poursuivi cette première étude en effectuant un séquençage d’exomes chez des cas additionnels de survivants de MSC provenant, à la fois, du Canada (CASPER), de France et des Pays-Bas. Un total de 589 survivants de MSC, comprenant les 228 cas de la première étude, ont été inclus dans cette deuxième étude. Nous avons rapporté un taux de variants pathogéniques de 11,5% et un enrichissement significatif des variants rares dans le gène RYR2 observés chez les cas comparés aux contrôles de gnomAD (P=0.003). Ensuite, dans une étude rétrospective reflétant la réalité de la clinique en génétique cardiovasculaire et se basant sur 2062 probands suspectés d’être atteints de cardiomyopathies et d’arythmies héréditaires et vus au CGC de l’ICM, nous avons identifié un taux diagnostic global de l’analyse génétique de 24%. Plus précisément, nous avons identifié des taux diagnostics par condition spécifique allant de 6% pour les syndromes de mort subite cardiaque à 42% pour les cardiomyopathies. L’analyse génétique a démontré une implication clinique chez 8% des cas et ce au-delà du dépistage familial, incluant des changements de diagnostic et un raffinement du diagnostic avec un impact sur le suivi clinique. L’un des facteurs prédictifs d’une analyse génétique positive se résume en une histoire familiale positive pour la condition cardiaque testée (OR=3.1, P<2.2x10-16) et la MSC (OR=1.5, P=0.00023). Par ailleurs, nous avons identifié plusieurs variants récurrents (fondateurs) chez le sous-groupe de probands avec descendance Canadienne-Française, incluant trois variants causaux dans des gènes sarcomériques identifiés chez 76/589 (13%) des Canadiens-Français diagnostiqués avec une cardiomyopathie hypertrophique. Lorsque nous avons comparé la fréquence allélique des variants récurrents chez nos cas à celles présentes dans CARTaGENE, un total de 9 variants (17%) ont été reclassifiés, à savoir trois variants sont passés de variants de signification incertaine (VUS) à probablement pathogénique, un de probablement pathogénique à pathogénique et quatre variants de probablement pathogénique et pathogénique à VUS. Finalement, nous avons décrit un cas familial de cardiomyopathie arythmogène avec une prédominance de l’atteinte du ventricule gauche causé par un variant faux-sens jamais publié dans le gène DSP (p.Glu293Lys). Nous avons effectué une revue de littérature systématique des variants faux-sens dans le gène DSP suivi d’une analyse cas-contrôle en utilisant les bases de données publiques. Nous avons identifié une région mutationnelle dans le domaine de répétition de spectrine (« Spectrine repeat domain » – SRD) du gène DSP avec un enrichissement significatif des variants chez les cas comparés aux contrôles (P=0.004). Discussion/conclusion: La présente thèse met en lumière l’importance des tests génétiques chez les survivants de MSC et chez les cas avec suspicion de cardiomyopathies et arythmies héréditaires pour confirmer le diagnostic, guider le suivi des patients en plus de permettre le dépistage familial en cascade. Les analyses cas-contrôles ont permis de démontrer l’importance du rôle du gène RYR2 chez les arrêts cardiaques associés soit à la tachycardie ventriculaire polymorphique catécholaminergique (TVPC) ou au tout nouveau syndrome déficitaire du relâchement du calcium (SDRC). Comme nous l’avons démontré avec notre population principalement Canadienne-Française, il est important d’utiliser une cohorte de contrôle appariée à la population étudiée pour améliorer l’interprétation des variants génétiques en génétique cardiovasculaire. / Introduction: Every year, approximately 30,000 Canadians die suddenly due to structural or electrical heart disease, and 5% of these deaths remain unexplained. A major risk factor of cardiac arrest caused by ventricular fibrillation (VF) is genetic predisposition, the molecular bases of which remain to be better understood particularly in cases with unexplained cardiac arrest (UCA). The clinical impact of genetic testing in hereditary cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias, other than familial screening, remains unclear. In recent years, the availability of public databases of genetic variation across populations have improved our ability to better interpret genetic variants. For specific populations that are less well represented in such databases, including the French Canadian population, interpretation of genetic variants remains imperfect. The utility of population-specific data in French Canadians to aid interpretation of cardiovascular genetic testing remains to be established. Hypotheses: 1) Genetic testing in patients with suspected arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy and in survivors of UCA using virtual gene panels provides clinically useful diagnostic and prognostic information, in addition to guiding family screening. 2) The use of French Canadian specific genetic variation databases assists in variant interpretation in the clinical cardiovascular genetics setting. Aims: The main goal of this research project is to improve our knowledge about genetic factors involved in UCA using next generation sequencing techniques (Whole Exome Sequencing – WES) and to evaluate the clinical impact of a systematic genetic test in this population. We also intend to evaluate the clinical utility of genetic testing and to assess the impact of recurrent variants in the French-Canadian population. Methods: In a first set of studies, we assessed the clinical impact of systematic genetic testing, we performed systematic WES in UCA survivors in a large international cohort including the Canadian Cardiac Arrest Survivors with Preserved Ejection fraction Registry (CASPER). We reported the yield of genetic testing and systematically assessed its diagnostic utility. We performed case-control association analyses using publicly available control data from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) and the Rare Variant Exome CALIBration using External Repositories (RV-EXCALIBER) pipeline to establish the ryanodine receptor 2 gene (RYR2) as an important contributor to UCA. Next, we evaluated the diagnostic yield and clinical utility of genetic testing in patients with suspected inherited cardiomyopathies and arrhythmia in probands seen at the Montreal Heart Institute Cardiovascular Genetic Center from 2006 to 2020. Using this latter case dataset and recent sequencing data from the Quebec CARTaGENE cohort study, we compared allele frequencies of recurrent genetic variants found in cases vs. controls to explore the pathogenicity of such variants and their overall contribution to inherited cardiomyopathies in French-Canadians. Last, we further described a French-Canadian family affected by arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy due to a missense variant in the desmoplakin gene (DSP) and performed domain-specific case-control analyses in to identify a mutational hotspot in DSP. Results: A first study on genetics of UCA based on CASPER cohort included 228 UCA survivors and demonstrated a yield of systematic genetic testing of 10%. Importantly, systematic genetic testing increased the proportion of 'explained' cases from 9% only following advanced phenotyping to 18% when combining phenotyping with genetic testing. Of the 23 carriers, 13 (57%) were found with pathogenic variants associated with cardiomyopathy without a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy, highlighting the arrhythmogenic potential of cardiomyopathy gene variants even in the absence of diagnostic cardiac structural changes. We followed-up on this initial study and performed WES analyses in additional UCA cases from Canada, France and the Netherlands for a total of 589 UCA survivors from Europe and CASPER, reporting a yield of 11.5%, with a significant enrichment of rare variants in the RYR2 gene observed in cases vs. gnomAD controls (P=0.003). Next, in a retrospective real-life study of genetic testing in 2062 probands with arrhythmia or cardiomyopathy seen at the Montreal Heart Institute, we have identified a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant in 490 (24%) globally, with indication-specific genetic testing yields ranging from 6% in sudden unexplained death to 42% in cardiomyopathies. Genetic testing had clinical implications beyond family screening in up to 8% of cases, including diagnostic changes, diagnostic refinement and implications on clinical management. Predictors of a positive genetic test include a positive family history of the condition (OR=3.1, P<2.2x10-16) and of sudden cardiac death (OR=1.5, P=0.00023). We identified several recurrent (founder) variants in the subset of probands of French Canadian ancestry, including 3 sarcomeric gene variants identified in 76/589 (13%) French Canadian probands with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. When comparing the allele frequency of recurrent variants in our case cohort with those in CARTaGENE, 9 variants (17%) were re-classified: 3 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) reclassified to likely pathogenic, 1 likely pathogenic to pathogenic and 4 pathogenic/likely pathogenic to VUS. Last, we described a family with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy caused by a previously unpublished missense variant in DSP (p.Glu293Lys). We performed a systematic review of the literature of missense variants in DSP followed by a case-control analysis using public databases and identified a mutational hotspot in the spectrin repeat domain of DSP with significant enrichment of variants in cases vs. controls (P=0.004). Discussion/conclusion: The present thesis highlights the importance of genetic testing in UCA survivors and in suspected cardiomyopathies and heritable arrhythmias to confirm diagnoses, guide patient management in addition to facilitating family screening. Case-control analyses highlight the important role of RYR2 in cardiac arrest linked to either catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) or the newly described Calcium release deficiency syndrome (CRDS). As exemplified by our predominantly French-Canadian population, we demonstrate the importance of the use of a proper population-matched control cohort to improve genetic variant interpretation in the clinical setting. Overall, our work highlights the mounting and crucial role of genetic testing in clinical arrhythmia and cardiomyopathy, whose impact on improving care of patients necessitates advanced multidisciplinary expertise, such as in specialized cardiogenetic clinics.

Au Québec, les personnes ayant une ascendance géographique des régions du Saguenay-Lac- Saint-Jean, de Charlevoix et de la Haute-Côte-Nord ont une prévalence plus élevée que le reste de la population québécoise d’être porteurs de certaines maladies héréditaires récessives. Depuis 2018, une offre de tests de porteurs en ligne est proposée par le Ministère de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Québec pour quatre maladies autosomiques récessives : l’acidose lactique congénitale, la tyrosinémie héréditaire de type 1, la neuropathie sensitivomotrice avec ou sans agénésie du corps calleux et l’ataxie récessive spastique de Charlevoix-Saguenay. Ce même dépistage peut être offert en contexte clinique, chez des adultes éligibles lors de consultations en lien avec un désir de grossesse ou une grossesse en cours. Les objectifs de ce projet de recherche sont (1) de décrire l’expérience des patients ayant eu accès au dépistage de porteurs en contexte clinique et (2) d’identifier, analyser et comparer les enjeux éthiques soulevés par un dépistage de porteurs dans le cadre d’un programme structuré versus un dépistage de porteurs en contexte clinique. Pour ce faire, une série de questionnaires destinée aux patients auxquels le dépistage a été offert lors d’un rendez-vous en clinique a été mise en place et une analyse éthique à l’aide d’un cadre éthique de santé publique a été réalisée. À la lumière de ce projet, l’autonomie décisionnelle du patient est mise de l’avant. Des pistes de réflexion ainsi que des recommandations ont été développées afin de répondre au mieux aux besoins des personnes qui considèrent avoir recours à des tests de porteurs. / In Quebec, people with geographical ancestry from the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Charlevoix and Haute-Côte-Nord regions have a higher prevalence than the rest of the Quebec population of being carriers of specific recessive hereditary diseases. Since 2018, online carrier testing has been offered by the Ministère de la Santé et des Services Sociaux du Québec for four autosomal recessive diseases: congenital lactic acidosis, hereditary tyrosinemia type 1, sensitivomotor neuropathy with or without agenesis of the corpus callosum and Charlevoix-Saguenay recessive spastic ataxia. This same screening can be offered in a clinical setting, to eligible adults during consultations related to a pregnancy desire or a pregnancy in progress. The objectives of this research project are (1) to describe the experience of patients who have had access to carrier screening in a clinical setting and (2) to identify, analyze and compare the ethical issues raised by carrier screening in a structured program versus carrier screening in a clinical setting. To this end, a series of questionnaires was administered to patients who were offered screening during a clinic appointment, and an ethical analysis was carried out using a public health ethics framework. In the light of this project, the patient's decision-making autonomy is emphasized. A number of ideas and recommendations have been developed to best meet the needs of people considering carrier testing.