Chan, Ming Yan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-106). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.i / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / 摘要 --- p.iv / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.vi / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.viii / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Aromatase --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Tissue Specific Promoter for Aromatase Expression --- p.4 / Chapter 1.3 --- Signaling Pathway --- p.7 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.9 / Chapter 2.1 --- Chemicals And Materials --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2 --- Mammalian Cell Culture --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Maintenance of Cells --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Preparation of Cells Stock --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Cell Recovery from Liquid Nitrogen Stock --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3 --- Tritiated Water Release Assay --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Aromatase Activity in Intact Cell --- p.11 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Aromatase Assay on Recombinant Supersomes --- p.12 / Chapter 2.4 --- RNA Isolation and cDNA Synthesis --- p.13 / Chapter 2.5 --- Semi-Quantitative PCR Reaction --- p.13 / Chapter 2.6 --- Quantitative Real Time PCR Using Taqman Probe --- p.15 / Chapter 2.7 --- Western Blotting --- p.17 / Chapter 2.8 --- Measurement of Promoter Activity --- p.18 / Chapter 2.8.1 --- Plasmid Preparation --- p.18 / Chapter 2.8.2 --- Transient Transfection and Dual Luciferase Assay --- p.18 / Chapter 2.9 --- Statistical Methods --- p.19 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- Genistein up-regulate aromatase in Estrogen receptor alpha-transfected HepG2 cells --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Phytoestrogen --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Estrogen Receptor --- p.24 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Protective Mechanism Against CVD Protection --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- Effects of genistein on LDL Receptor and Apolipoprotein A-I --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.6 --- Effects of estradiol on LDL Receptor and Apolipoprotein A-I　 --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.7 --- Aim of study and hypothesis --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2 --- Result --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- ERa increased Aromatase Activity in HepG2 cells --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Genistein increased Aromatase Activity in HepG2 cells --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Differential Effect of MAP kinase Inhibitors --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- "Role of MAP Kinase, PKA and PKC in Genistein Induced Aromatase Activity in ERa-transfected HepG2 cells" --- p.35 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Genistein Increased Aromatase Protein Expression in ERa-transfected HepG2 cells --- p.38 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Genistein Induced Aromatase mRNA Expression Attributed to Induction of Exon ̐ơ.1 Expression --- p.40 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Genistein Induced Promoter 1.1 Transcriptional Activity in ERa- transfected HepG2 cells --- p.44 / Chapter 3.2.8 --- Genistein Increased ERE and AP-1 Reporter Activity Through Interaction with ERa --- p.47 / Chapter 3.3 --- Discussion --- p.51 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- "Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- para-TCDD (TCDD) on aromatase in MCF-7 cells" --- p.54 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.54 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Breast Cancer --- p.54 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- TCDD --- p.54 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- CYP Enzymes --- p.55 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- TCDD and Breast Cancer --- p.56 / Chapter 4.1.5 --- Aim of Study --- p.56 / Chapter 4.2 --- Result --- p.57 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Effect of TCDD on Aromatase Activity in Different Cell Lines --- p.57 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- TCDD Increased Aromatase Activity in MCF-7 Cells --- p.62 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Effect of TCDD on Human CYP 19 Recombinant Supersomes® and MCF-7aro Cells --- p.66 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- TCDD Increased Aromatase Protein Expression in MCF-7 Cells --- p.66 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Effect of TCDD in Aromatase mRNA Expression in MCF-7 Cells --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.6 --- Effect of TCDD in CYP 19 Promoter and AP-1 Promoter Activity in MCF-7 Cells --- p.70 / Chapter 4.2.7 --- Effect of TCDD in CYP 19 mRNA Half-life --- p.75 / Chapter 4.2.8 --- "Role of MAP Kinase, PKA and PKC in Genistein Induced Aromatase Activity in MCF-7 Cells" --- p.78 / Chapter 4.2.9 --- TCDD induced ERK1/2 Activation --- p.78 / Chapter 4.2.10 --- Induction of aromatase activity in MCF-7erk cells --- p.78 / Chapter 4.3 --- Discussion --- p.87 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- Summary --- p.90 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.92

Isoflavonoids are a class of plant secondary metabolites which have multiple biological roles in plants as pest feeding deterrents, phytoalexins and signals to rhizobial microbes. Some isoflavonoids, or their breakdown products, are estrogenic when ingested by animals, and pastures with high levels of the isoflavonoid formononetin can cause sterility in ewes. White clover has low levels of isoflavonoids and is susceptible to pests like the clover root weevil. The overall aim of this project was to test whether isoflavonoids could be manipulated in white clover through metabolic engineering. The genes of the key isoflavonoid biosynthesis enzymes have been cloned from a range of legumes and three major genes, chalone reductase (CHR), isoflavone synthase (IFS) and isoflavonoid O-methyltransferase (IOMT), were cloned from white clover in this study. The white clover IFS2_12 gene was expressed in transgenic tobacco. Genistein, an isoflavonoid that is not naturally present in tobacco, was detected in the IFS-expressing tobacco, thus confirming the functionality of the IFS2_12 gene. Tobacco plants were transformed with ANT1, a transcription factor that induces the production of anthocyanins that share precursors with the isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathway. When IFS was expressed in red tobacco leaves, where anthocyanin biosynthesis was occurring, the levels of genistein were greater than in anthocyanin-free green leaves. White clover was transformed to overexpress the cloned IFS2_12 gene and some transformants had greater levels of IFS gene expression, up to 12.9 times the average wild type level. However, these transformants did not produce formononetin levels greater than the wild-type. A gene fusion of alfalfa chalcone isomerase (CHI), which produces the precursors naringenin and liquiritigenin, and soybean IFS, which converts the precursors to genistein and daidzein, respectively, was received from the Noble Foundation. Transgenic white clover plants expressing IFS/CHI were produced using a novel method that also regenerated wild-type clones of the transgenic plants. When compared with their wild-type clones, two IFS/CHI transformants produced higher levels of formononetin, thus supporting the suggestion that isoflavonoid levels can be increased in white clover through overexpression of isoflavonoid biosynthesis genes.

Phytoestrogens are naturally occurring chemicals of plant origin that have the ability to cause estrogenic and/or anti-estrogenic effects due to their structural similarities to the human hormone oestradiol. It has been proposed that phytoestrogens protect against a wide range of ailments, including breast and prostate cancers, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, and menopausal symptoms. Daidzein, biochanin A and especially genistein which has been reported to be the most biologically active dietary phytoestrogen attract great deal of interest in today&rsquo / s researches. In this study, twenty different food items, including legumes, fruits, nuts and herbs, (haricot beans, chickpeas, green lentils, red lentils, soybeans, licorice root, yarrow, dried chestnuts, prunes, raisins, currants, black cumin, dried apricots, dried parsley, dried dates, dried figs, sage (from Aegean region), sage (from Mediterranean region), grapevine leaves, gilaburu) were selected. Following an extraction procedure employing acid hydrolysis and heating / they were analysed for their daidzein, genistein and biochanin A contents using a reversed-phase C18 column with linear gradient elution on a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode-array detector (DAD). Soybeans were found to contain high amounts of daidzein (91.36 mg/100 g) and genistein (85.57 mg/100 g). Chickpeas were found to contain much less amount of genistein (0.89 mg/100 g) compared with that of soybeans and also biochanin A (0.95 mg/100 g) which was not detected in soybeans. None of daidzein, genistein and biochanin A was detected in the remaining eighteen food items.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Feb. 6, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-161).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Sept. 16, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-96).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-139).

Estudos recentes têm demonstrado o efeito das isoflavonas da soja, em especial da genisteína (GEN), aplicada topicamente, na prevenção do envelhecimento cutâneo. Esse efeito tem sido relacionado com as suas atividades inibidora de tirosina quinase, antioxidante e estrogênica. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi desenvolver nanoemulsões de uso tópico contendo GEN. Em uma primeira etapa, foi validada metodologia para a quantificação da GEN por CLAE, utilizando um sistema isocrático com detecção no UV em 327 ou 270 nm. Na segunda etapa, nanoemulsões constituídas de GEN, lecitina de gema de ovo, triglicerídeos de cadeia média (TCMGEN) ou octildodecanol (ODDGEN) e água foram preparadas por emulsificação espontânea. Esse procedimento conduziu à obtenção de nanoemulsões monodispersas com diâmetro de gotícula de 263 e 282 nm, viscosidade de 1,5 e 1,8 cP e potencial zeta de -44 e -42 mV, para TCMGEN e ODDGEN, respectivamente. A quantidade de GEN associada com ambas as formulações foi próxima de 100 % (para 1 mg/mL). A reduzida solubilidade da GEN no TCM e ODD (230 e 138 μg/g, respectivamente) sugere o efeito da lecitina na sua associação com as nanoemulsões. Considerando que os estudos de DSC demonstraram a interação da GEN com TCM, ODD e lecitina, a GEN parece estar localizada tanto no núcleo oleoso como na interface das nanoemulsões. Em uma última etapa, foi realizado o estudo de permeação cutânea da GEN a partir das formulações utilizando células de difusão de Franz. Foi demonstrada a reduzida permeação da GEN (~ 7,5 μg.cm-2.h-1). Existe uma redução significativa da permeabilidade da GEN a partir dos núcleos óleos (~ 3,5 – 5 μg.cm-2.h-1) ou nanoemulsões (~ 3 – 3,5 μg.cm-2.h-1), indicando a afinidade da GEN pelos veículos utilizados. O conjunto dos resultados obtidos demonstra a influência dos componentes das formulações sobre as propriedades físico-químicas das nanoemulsões, bem como no perfil de permeação cutâneo da GEN. / Recent studies have shown the effect of soy isoflavones, especially genistein (GEN), topically administrated, in preventing skin aging. This effect has been related to tyrosine kinase inhibition, antioxidant and estrogenic activities. In this context, the aim of the present work was the development of topic nanoemulsions containing GEN. First, it has been validated an isocratic method to quantify GEN by HPLC with UV detection at 327 and 270 nm. In a second step, nanoemulsions composed by GEN, egg lecithin, medium chain triglycerides (TCMGEN) or octyldodecanol (ODDGEN) and water were prepared by spontaneous emulsification. This procedure yielded monodisperse emulsions with a typical mean droplet size of 263 and 282 nm, viscosity of 1.5 and 1.8 cP and ζ-potential -44 and -42 mV, for TCMGEN and ODDGEN, respectively. The amount of GEN associated with both formulations was close to 100 % (to 1 mg/mL). The low solubility of GEN in TCM and ODD (230 and 138 μg/g, respectively) suggests the role of lecithin on their association with nanoemulsions. Since DSC experiments have demonstrated GEN interactions with TCM, ODD and lecithin, GEN molecules seem to be located in to the oil core and at the interface of nanoemulsions. In a last step, the permeation of GEN from formulations using ear pigskin mounted in Franz diffusion cells was performed. It was shown that GEN permeation was low (~ 7.5 μg.cm-2.h-1). There was a significant reduction of the GEN permeability from oils (~ 3.5 - 5 μg.cm-2.h-1) or nanoemulsions (~ 3 – 3.5 μg.cm-2.h-1), showing the affinity of GEN to the vehicles. In conclusion, the overall results show the effect of the nanoemulsion components on both physicochemical properties of the nanoemulsions and GEN skin permeation profile.

Estudos recentes têm demonstrado o efeito das isoflavonas da soja, em especial da genisteína (GEN), aplicada topicamente, na prevenção do envelhecimento cutâneo. Esse efeito tem sido relacionado com as suas atividades inibidora de tirosina quinase, antioxidante e estrogênica. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi desenvolver nanoemulsões de uso tópico contendo GEN. Em uma primeira etapa, foi validada metodologia para a quantificação da GEN por CLAE, utilizando um sistema isocrático com detecção no UV em 327 ou 270 nm. Na segunda etapa, nanoemulsões constituídas de GEN, lecitina de gema de ovo, triglicerídeos de cadeia média (TCMGEN) ou octildodecanol (ODDGEN) e água foram preparadas por emulsificação espontânea. Esse procedimento conduziu à obtenção de nanoemulsões monodispersas com diâmetro de gotícula de 263 e 282 nm, viscosidade de 1,5 e 1,8 cP e potencial zeta de -44 e -42 mV, para TCMGEN e ODDGEN, respectivamente. A quantidade de GEN associada com ambas as formulações foi próxima de 100 % (para 1 mg/mL). A reduzida solubilidade da GEN no TCM e ODD (230 e 138 μg/g, respectivamente) sugere o efeito da lecitina na sua associação com as nanoemulsões. Considerando que os estudos de DSC demonstraram a interação da GEN com TCM, ODD e lecitina, a GEN parece estar localizada tanto no núcleo oleoso como na interface das nanoemulsões. Em uma última etapa, foi realizado o estudo de permeação cutânea da GEN a partir das formulações utilizando células de difusão de Franz. Foi demonstrada a reduzida permeação da GEN (~ 7,5 μg.cm-2.h-1). Existe uma redução significativa da permeabilidade da GEN a partir dos núcleos óleos (~ 3,5 – 5 μg.cm-2.h-1) ou nanoemulsões (~ 3 – 3,5 μg.cm-2.h-1), indicando a afinidade da GEN pelos veículos utilizados. O conjunto dos resultados obtidos demonstra a influência dos componentes das formulações sobre as propriedades físico-químicas das nanoemulsões, bem como no perfil de permeação cutâneo da GEN. / Recent studies have shown the effect of soy isoflavones, especially genistein (GEN), topically administrated, in preventing skin aging. This effect has been related to tyrosine kinase inhibition, antioxidant and estrogenic activities. In this context, the aim of the present work was the development of topic nanoemulsions containing GEN. First, it has been validated an isocratic method to quantify GEN by HPLC with UV detection at 327 and 270 nm. In a second step, nanoemulsions composed by GEN, egg lecithin, medium chain triglycerides (TCMGEN) or octyldodecanol (ODDGEN) and water were prepared by spontaneous emulsification. This procedure yielded monodisperse emulsions with a typical mean droplet size of 263 and 282 nm, viscosity of 1.5 and 1.8 cP and ζ-potential -44 and -42 mV, for TCMGEN and ODDGEN, respectively. The amount of GEN associated with both formulations was close to 100 % (to 1 mg/mL). The low solubility of GEN in TCM and ODD (230 and 138 μg/g, respectively) suggests the role of lecithin on their association with nanoemulsions. Since DSC experiments have demonstrated GEN interactions with TCM, ODD and lecithin, GEN molecules seem to be located in to the oil core and at the interface of nanoemulsions. In a last step, the permeation of GEN from formulations using ear pigskin mounted in Franz diffusion cells was performed. It was shown that GEN permeation was low (~ 7.5 μg.cm-2.h-1). There was a significant reduction of the GEN permeability from oils (~ 3.5 - 5 μg.cm-2.h-1) or nanoemulsions (~ 3 – 3.5 μg.cm-2.h-1), showing the affinity of GEN to the vehicles. In conclusion, the overall results show the effect of the nanoemulsion components on both physicochemical properties of the nanoemulsions and GEN skin permeation profile.

A atividade antiviral de compostos flavonoídicos tem sido amplamente investigada nos últimos anos. Nesse contexto, a primeira etapa da presente tese teve por objetivo avaliar a atividade anti-herpética in vitro dos principais isoflavonóides de Glycine max (soja): genisteína, daidzeína, gliciteína e cumestrol. Dentre os isoflavonóides investigados, a genisteína e o cumestrol mostraram uma interessante atividade frente aos vírus HSV-1 (cepa KOS e 29R, sensível e resistente ao aciclovir, respectivamente) e HSV-2 (cepa 333), interferindo em diferentes etapas do ciclo de replicação dos vírus. Devido à reduzida hidrossolubilidade desses isoflavonóides, foi proposta a sua incorporação em nanoemulsões de uso tópico. As formulações foram otimizadas através de um experimento fatorial completo do tipo 23 . O efeito dos fatores tipo de óleo (óleo de rícino ou miristato de isopropila), co-tensoativo iônico (oleilamina ou ácido olêico) e fosfolipídeo (DSPC ou DOPC) sobre as propriedades das nanoemulsões e a retenção da genisteína na pele de orelha suína foi investigado. Nanoemulsões compostas de miristato de isopropila/ oleilamina/DOPC apresentaram um menor diâmetro de gotícula e uma maior retenção de genisteína na pele de orelha suína enquanto que a combinação miristato de isopropila/oleilamina/DSPC mostrou o menor índice de polidispersão. A viscosidade das formulações selecionadas foi ajustada através do uso de hidroxietilcelulose visando à obtenção de produtos de uso tópico, obtendo-se hidrogéis de comportamento pseudoplástico. Na sequência, um conjunto de resultados obtidos demonstrou que a composição das formulações (especialmente o fosfolipídeo DOPC e o agente espessante hidroxietil celulose) pode influenciar a liberação e a retenção dos isoflavonóides em mucosa esofágica suína. A integridade da mucosa também desempenha um papel no aumento da permeação/retenção do cumestrol, conforme ilustrado nas imagens de microscopia confocal, utilizando vermelho do Nilo como marcador fluorescente. De maneira geral, a incorporação dos isoflavonóides nas nanoemulsões aumenta a atividade anti-herpética desses compostos in vitro. O conjunto dos resultados demonstra que as formulações desenvolvidas são potenciais carreadores de uso tópico para genisteína e cumestrol no tratamento das infecções herpéticas. / The antiviral activity of flavonoid compounds has been extensively investigated in recent years. In this context, the first step of this study was to evaluate the antiherpes activity in vitro of the main isoflavonoids of Glycine max (soybean): genistein, daidzein, glycitein and coumestrol. Among the investigated isoflavonoids, genistein and coumestrol showed interesting activity against HSV-1 (KOS and 29R strains, which are acyclovir-sensitive and acyclovir–resistant strains, respectively) and HSV-2 (333 strain), interfering at different stages of the virus replication cycle. Due to the low hydrosolubility of these isoflavonoids, their incorporation into topical nanoemulsions was proposed in this study. The formulations were optimized through a 23 full factorial design. The factors effect of oil type (castor oil or isopropyl myristate), ionic co-surfactant (oleylamine or oleic acid) and phospholipid type (DSPC or DOPC) on physicochemical properties and genistein retention into porcine ear skin was investigated. Nanoemulsions composed of isopropyl myristate/ DOPC/oleylamine showed the smaller particle size and higher genistein retention into skin, whereas the formulation composed of isopropyl myristate/DSPC/oleylamine exhibited the lower polydispersity index. The viscosity of selected formulations was adjusted with hydroxyethyl cellulose to obtain topical products, which showed nonNewtonian behavior. In sequence, a set of results showed that formulations composition (especially the phospholipid DOPC and the thickening agent hydroxyethyl cellulose) could influence the release and retention of isoflavonoids in porcine esophagus mucosa. The integrity of mucosa plays a role on the increase of coumestrol permeation/retention, according to confocal microscopy images, using Red Nile as fluorescent label. In general terms, the incorporation of isoflavonoids into nanoemulsions increases the antiherpes activity of these compounds in vitro. The overall results show that the formulations developed in this study are potential topical carriers for genistein and coumestrol in the treatment of herpes infections.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-20T17:09:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-24. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-20T17:26:26Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000841338.pdf: 1301891 bytes, checksum: 81aff4aec334ee1a6c709fad576a9218 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / A Iniciação e Progressão das neoplasias prostáticas apresentam base hormonal, onde se destacam as alterações envolvendo estrógenos e andrógenos inerentes ao processo de envelhecimento, com incremento dos níveis estrogênicos em relação aos androgênicos. O Bisfenol A (BPA) é o xenoestrógeno mais estudado na atualidade e sua atividade estrogênica tem despertado interesse devido à ampla dispersão do composto no meio ambiente. Assim sendo, o BPA poderia contribuir para o aumento da incidência, agressividade e capacidade metastática dos tumores prostáticos. Por outro lado, a quimioproteção com os fitoquímicos dietéticos está associada à redução na incidência e na progressão de diferentes neoplasias, diminuição de processos inflamatórios e estresse oxidativo ocasionados por substâncias potencialmente nocivas. Desta forma, este estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos dos fitoquímicos 3,3'-Di-indolil-metano (DIM) e Genisteína (Gen) isolados e/ou associados em células tumorais prostáticas humanas expostas ao BPA. Para tanto, as linhagens LNCaP e PC-3 foram cultivadas e submetidas, por 96h, aos tratamentos C (controle), B (BPA 10nM/L), BD (BPA 10nM/L + DIM 25μM/L), BG (BPA 10nM/L + Gen 25μM/L) e BDG (BPA 10nM/L + DIM 25μM/L + Gen 25μM/L); cujas doses foram estabelecidas pelo ensaio de viabilidade celular. Posteriormente, foi realizado Western Blotting para estudo das proteínas envolvidas com processos de sobrevivência, proliferação, morte celular, modulação hormonal e estresse oxidativo. A análise dos resultados mostrou que os tratamentos BD, BG e BDG, na linhagem LNCaP, apresentaram capacidade de sub-regular a expressão de AR. Acerca das proteínas ERK1/2 em PC-3, B provocou um aumento de expressão, enquanto BDG ocasionou uma diminuição. Já na linhagem LNCaP, a redução da expressão desta MAPK ficou por conta do tratamento BG. Para as proteínas JNK1/2, verificou-se a capacidade de B sub-regular a... / The prostate cancer initiation and progression present hormonal basis and this is mainly related to changes involving estrogens and androgens inherent aging process, where there is an increment of estrogens levels relative to androgens. Nowadays, Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most studied xenoestrogen and its estrogenic activity has attracted attention for its wide dispersion in the environment. Thus, this compound could contribute to the increased incidence, aggressiveness and metastatic ability of prostate tumors. Moreover, the chemoprotection with dietary phytochemicals is associated with a reduction in the incidence and progression of different cancers, decrease inflammatory processes and oxidative stress caused by potentially harmful substances. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of phytochemicals 3,3 '-Di-indolyl-methane (DIM) and Genistein (Gen) isolated and/or associated to prostatic tumor cells exposed to BPA. For this purpose, LNCaP and PC-3 cells were cultured and exposed, for 96 hours, to the treatments C (control), B (BPA10nM/L), BD (BPA 10nM/L + DIM 25μM/L), BG (BPA 10nM/L + Gen 25μM/L) e BDG (BPA 10nM/L + DIM 25μM/L + Gen 25μM/L); which doses were established by cell viability assay. Subsequently, the cells were subjected to protein extraction for Western Blotting in order to analyze proteins involved in survival, proliferation, cell death, hormonal modulation and oxidative stress processes. The results showed that BD, BG and BDG treatments, in LNCaP cells, were able to down-regulate AR expression. About the ERK1/2 proteins in PC-3 lineage, B caused an increase of expression, while BDG was responsible for a decrease. However, in LNCaP, reducing the expression of MAPK was due to BG treatment. For the JNK1/2 protein, B had ability to down-regulate its expression and, on the other hand, phytochemicals from 3 treatments (BD, BG and BDG), increasing its expression in LNCaP. For the same cell lineage, the ERα ... / FAPESP: 2013/05038-6