Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:33:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 462202.pdf: 271710 bytes, checksum: 0bb3eea802f7b7cbfe9afa63458065c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-18 / Importance: Many efforts have ocurred in identify risk factors and causes of congenital syphilis (CS) persistence along years, and in many cases, the repetition of the condition in the same woman. In Rio Grande do Sul, there are no studies about the reincidence of CS, its causes and outcomes. Objectives: To investigate the next pregnancies in women who already had syphilis in a previous pregnancy. Methods: The study sample were women with obstetrical events ocurred in S?o Lucas Hospital (SLH) between may 1997 and december 2004. We included all patients with syphilis before or during pregnancy who had newborns, stillborns or abortions with CS, as patients correctly treated for syphilis before delivery and that had newborns without syphilis. The CS cases were defined according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health (appendix 1). The follow-up period for the subsequent pregnancies was until december 2011. The data were analised in program Epi Info 3.4, using the &#967;? test or Fisher exact test for associations, and Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test for comparison of medians. The level of significance was set at p < 0,05. Results: We identified 450 women with positive tests for syphilis that had at least one obstetrical event in SLH between may 1997 and december 2004, within 166 had at least one more obstetrical event in the same hospital until december 2011.Cases of CS were 82% in the initial events and 68,5% in the subsequent s (OR 2,09, CI95% 1,3-3,3). Within patients with CS in the initial event, 72% had at least one more pregnancy with CS, against 56,6% of patiens without CS in the initial event(OR 1,97, CI95% 0,9-4,4). Conclusions: Many cases of CS with adverse outcomes ocurred in the subsequent pregnancies, although less than in the initial events. It is suspected that more uninfected newborns may have been defined as cases of congenital syphilis in subsequent pregnancies, because of the lack of records of maternal history and the absence or inadequacy of prenatal care. It is important to increase surveillance on women who have already had one pregnancy with syphilis. / Import?ncia: Muitos esfor?os t?m ocorrido em identificar os fatores de risco e as causas da persist?ncia da s?filis cong?nita (SC) ao longo dos anos, e muitas vezes a repeti??o de casos em uma mesma mulher. No Rio Grande do Sul, ainda n?o existe um estudo sobre a reincid?ncia da SC, suas causas e seus desfechos. Objetivos: Investigar as gesta??es subsequentes em mulheres que tiveram s?filis na gesta??o. Material e m?todos: A popula??o de estudo foram as pacientes atendidas no Centro Obst?trico do HSL cujos eventos obst?tricos ocorreram entre maio de 1997 e dezembro de 2004. Foram inclu?das todas as pacientes que tiveram s?filis antes ou durante a gesta??o e tiveram rec?m-nascidos vivos, abortos ou natimortos com s?filis cong?nita, assim como pacientes adequadamente tratadas para s?filis antes do parto, que deram ? luz rec?m-nascidos vivos sem s?filis cong?nita. Os casos de s?filis cong?nita foram definidos conforme os crit?rios do Minist?rio da Sa?de (anexo 1). O levantamento das gesta??es subsequentes incluiu o per?odo at? dezembro de 2011. Os dados foram analisados no programa Epi Info 3.4, utilizando-se o teste de &#967;? ou teste exato de Fisher para associa??es, e o teste Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon para compara??es de medianas. O n?vel de signific?ncia foi estabelecido como p < 0,05. Resultados: Foram identificadas 450 mulheres com testes positivos para s?filis com pelo menos um evento obst?trico no HSL entre maio de 1997 e dezembro de 2004, das quais 166 tiveram pelo menos mais um evento subsequente no mesmo hospital at? dezembro de 2011. Os casos de SC foram de 82% nos eventos iniciais e 68,5% nos subsequentes (OR 2,09, IC95% 1,3-3,3). Entre as pacientes com SC no evento inicial, 72% tiveram pelo menos mais um evento com SC, contra 56,6% das pacientes sem SC no evento inicial (OR 1,97, CI95% 0,9-4,4). Conclus?es: Ocorreram muitos de casos de SC com desfechos adversos nas gesta??es subsequentes, embora em menor n?mero do que nas iniciais. Suspeita-se que mais rec?m-nascidos n?o infectados possam ter sido definidos como casos de s?filis cong?nita nas gesta??es subsequentes, em virtude da falta de registros dos antecedentes maternos e da aus?ncia ou inadequa??o do acompanhamento pr?-natal. ? importante aumentar a vigil?ncia sobre as mulheres que j? tiveram uma gesta??o com s?filis.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:35:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 449039.pdf: 2035926 bytes, checksum: 76ba03094b12ab30e63451e8308ea5c3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-21 / Objectives: to evaluate the association between brachial artery Flow Mediated Dilatation (FMD) and preeclampsia morbidity. Methods: Sixty-four pregnant women at the diagnosis of preeclampsia were selected. FMD and routine preeclampsia markers were assessed at enrollment and followed until delivery. Women were grouped and compared according to their outcomes (26 developed complications and 38 did not). Results: Median FMD is impaired in women with complicated preeclampsia (7.44%; IQR 2.20-13.34%) compared to those without complications (11.80%; IQR 5.36-16.66%) (p=0,03). The cutoff value of FMD &#8804;4.5% was associated with approximately four-fold odds increment of any complication (OR 3.79; IC95% 1.23-11.70), similar to the protein to creatinine ratio >2,0 (OR 4.50; IC95% 1.21-16.74). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were not associated with risk for complication and uric acid had a borderline significance (OR 3.38; IC95% 0,98-11,72). Moreover, when major complications (eclampsia, HELLP syndrome or stillbirth) were selected as a composite outcome FMD was even lower (2.84%; IQR 0.00 7.22%) and FMD &#8804;4.5% was associated with a marked 15 fold increased risk for these specific events (OR 15.55; IC95% 3.55-68.16). Although FMD seems to have a weak accuracy to predict any preeclampsia complications (AUC=0.66; IC95% 0.52-0.79), ROC curve analysis showed that it may be a prognostic marker for major complications (AUC=0.84; IC95% 0.73-0.96). Conclusion: FMD is associated with morbidity of preeclampsia, markedly in women with eclampsia, HELLP syndrome or stillbirth. FMD at preeclampsia diagnostic moment may be used as a prognostic marker of these poor outcomes. / Objetivos: avaliar a associa??o entre a Dilata??o Mediada por Fluxo (DMF) da art?ria braquial e morbidade por pr?-ecl?mpsia. M?todos: Foram selecionados sessenta e quatro gr?vidas com pr?-ecl?mpsia. A DMF e marcadores de pr?-ecl?mpsia foram avaliados no no momento do diagn?stico da doen?a a as pacientes foram seguidas at? o parto. As mulheres foram agrupados e comparadas de acordo com os seus desfechos (26 com complica??es e 38 sem complica??o). Resultados: A DMF est? comprometida em mulheres com pr?-ecl?mpsia complicada (7,44%; IQR 2,20-13,34%) comparada com aqueles sem complica??es (11,80%; IQR 5,36- 16,66%) (p = 0,03). O valor de corte de DMF &#8804; 4,5% foi associada com aproximadamente quatro vezes mais risco de qualquer complica??o (OR 3,79 IC95% 1,23-11,70), semelhante ? rela??o prote?na/creatinina > 2,0 (OR 4,50 IC95% 1,21-16,74). Press?o arterial sist?lica e diast?lica n?o foram associados com risco de complica??o e o ?cido ?rico teve uma signific?ncia lim?trofe (OR 3,38, IC95% 0,98-11,72). Al?m disso, quando as principais complica??es (ecl?mpsia, s?ndrome HELLP ou morte fetal) foram selecionadas como um desfecho composto a DMF foi ainda mais baixa (2,84%; IQR 0,00-7,22%) e o valor da DMF &#8804; 4,5% foi associado com um acentuado aumento de 15 vezes no risco destes eventos espec?fico (OR 15,55; IC95% 3,55-68,16). Embora a DMF tenha pouca capacidade de predi??o de quaisquer complica??es pela pr?-ecl?mpsia (AUC = 0,66, IC95% 0,52-0,79), an?lise da curva ROC mostrou que pode ser um bom marcador de progn?stico para complica??es graves (AUC = 0,84, IC95% 0,73-0,96). Conclus?o: a DMF est? associada com morbidade da pr?-ecl?mpsia, notadamente em mulheres com ecl?mpsia, s?ndrome HELLP ou morte fetal. DMF no momento do diagn?stico da pr?-ecl?mpsia pode ser usado como marcador progn?stico destes desfechos desfavor?veis.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-03T21:06:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Leandro Mendes Mascarenhas.pdf: 2602264 bytes, checksum: 2ecbf1ab9ebc2505d6ab0ed4cbcfc5d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T21:06:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Leandro Mendes Mascarenhas.pdf: 2602264 bytes, checksum: 2ecbf1ab9ebc2505d6ab0ed4cbcfc5d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / In cows, the "critical time" of the estrous cycle determined by the physiological state that must be defined to maintain the corpus luteum (CL) and pregnancy or luteolysis and a new estrus occurs 15 to 19 days after ovulation. The mechanisms involved in premature luteolysis and regression of the CL are not yet understood complements. It is probable that the early CL regression is related to PGF2a release mediated by the endometrium lower concentrations of P4 receptors, higher concentrations of OT receptors, or both, in the endometrium. Thus, uterine receptors for P4 and OT may influence the secretion of PGF2a from the 10th day of the cycle, during which the CL is more sensitive to the luteolytic action of PGF2a. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exogenous OT, postpartum crossbred cows on reproductive efficiency, with emphasis on the period of maternal recognition of pregnancy. The experiment was conducted in Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, Northwest Region Fluminense between September 2013 and January 2014. Twenty- four cows were entered into a TAI program (D0 - progestin releasing intravaginal device + estradiol benzoate (EB - 2 mg, im); D8 - intravaginal device removal and application of PGF2a (0.526 mg, im); D9 - BE (1 mg, im); D10 - IA). After ovulation, cows were divided randomly into two groups: GO (n=12): oxytocin (25 IU, iv, milking morning and afternoon), GC (n=12): without OT. Sonographic evaluations were performed on days 10, 15, 18, 28 and 42. The diameter of CL was calculated as the average of the two major axes and volumes (vol) using the formula for volume of a sphere (V = 4/3p ? (D / 2) 3) where D is the average diameter (DM) of CL. On day 28 of pregnancy diagnosis, confirmed at 45 and 60 days was carried out. We observed an increase in GC DM CL between the 10th and 18th. In GO DM CL decreased among 10th and 15th and most cows expressed estrus before day 18 (9/12 - 75%), six (50%) with return to estrus between the 15th and 18th. The vol. CL was higher in cows GC at all times with a significant difference (p<0.05) compared to GO on the 15th. Cows in the CG had vol. CL higher at all times and had a higher pregnancy rate (41.7%) compared to GO (25 %). The rates of fertilization and maintenance of pregnancy until day 42 demonstrates the low reproductive efficiency in GO compared to the CG (p=0.0022). With successive inseminations at 90 days one seven cows were empty in CG (8.33%) and GO (58.3%), respectively. The pattern of development and regression of the CL confirms the involvement of OT in the reproductive activity of lactating cows. The low reproductive efficiency in GO is probably due to the action of OT, confirming the hypothesis that exogenous OT can inhibit the maternal recognition of pregnancy. / Em vacas, o ?per?odo cr?tico? do ciclo estral determinado pelo estado fisiol?gico em que deve ser definida a manuten??o do corpo l?teo (CL) e da prenhez ou a lute?lise e um novo estro ocorre 15 a 19 dias ap?s a ovula??o. Os mecanismos envolvidos com a lute?lise prematura e regress?o do CL ainda n?o est?o complemente compreendidos. ? prov?vel que a regress?o precoce do CL esteja relacionada ? libera??o de PGF2a pelo endom?trio mediada por concentra??es mais baixas de receptores de P4, maiores concentra??es de receptores de OT, ou ambos, no endom?trio. Assim, receptores uterinos para a P4 e OT podem influenciar a secre??o de PGF2a a partir do 10? dia do ciclo, per?odo em que o CL ? mais sens?vel ? a??o luteol?tica da PGF2a. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da OT ex?gena, no p?s-parto de vacas mesti?as sobre a efici?ncia reprodutiva, com ?nfase no per?odo do reconhecimento materno da gesta??o. O experimento foi conduzido em Bom Jesus do Itabapoana, Regi?o Noroeste Fluminense entre setembro de 2013 e janeiro de 2014. Vinte e quatro vacas foram inseridas em um programa de IATF (D0 - dispositivo intravaginal liberador de progest?geno + benzoato de estradiol (BE - 2 mg, i.m.); D8 - remo??o do dispositivo intravaginal e aplica??o de PGF2a (0,526 mg, i.m.); D9 - BE (1 mg, i.m.); D10 ? IA). Ap?s a ovula??o, as vacas foram distribu?das aleatoriamente em dois grupos: GO (n=12): 25 UI ocitocina, i.v., na ordenha da manh? e da tarde; GC (n=12): sem OT. Avalia??es ultrassonogr?ficas foram realizadas nos dias 10, 15, 18, 28 e 42. O di?metro do CL foi calculado pela m?dia dos maiores eixos e os volumes (vol.) por meio da f?rmula para volume de uma esfera (V= 4/3p x (D/2)3), em que D ? o di?metro m?dio (DM) do CL. No dia 28 foi realizado o diagn?stico da gesta??o, confirmada aos 45 e 60 dias. Observou-se no GC um aumento do DM do CL entre os dias 10 e 18. No GO o DM do CL diminuiu entre os dias 10 e 15 e a maioria das vacas manifestaram cio antes do dia 18 (9/12 ? 75%), sendo seis (50%) com retorno ao cio entre os dias 15 e 18. O vol. do CL foi maior nas vacas do GC em todos os momentos com diferen?a significativa (p<0,05) em rela??o ao GO no dia 15. As vacas do GC tiveram o vol. do CL maior em todos os momentos e obtiveram uma maior taxa de prenhez (41,7%) comparativamente ao GO (25%). As taxas de fecunda??o e manuten??o da gesta??o at? o 42o dias evidencia a baixa efici?ncia reprodutiva no GO em rela??o ao GC (p=0,0022). Com sucessivas insemina??es aos 90 dias uma e sete vacas estavam vazias no GC (8,33%) e GO (58,3%), respectivamente. O padr?o de desenvolvimento e regress?o do CL confirma o envolvimento da OT na atividade reprodutiva de vacas em lacta??o. A baixa efici?ncia reprodutiva no GO deve-se provavelmente ? a??o da OT, confirmando a hip?tese de que a OT ex?gena pode inibir o reconhecimento materno da gesta??o.

This dissertation examines early modern literary engagements with the rhetorical and ethical dimensions of law reform. One of the most important mechanisms of social regulation in late-Elizabethan and early-Jacobean England, law reform was a matter of, first, the “perfection” of the organization and expression of existing laws, legal instruments, and legal processes. However counter-intuitively, these officially-sponsored reforms were calculated to prevent more radical innovations that would generate “inconveniences,” systemic contradictions and uncertainties that threatened the law’s ability to produce just results. Second, law reformers generated a discourse on “execution” that targeted the character of legal representatives. This tradition of character criticism, delivered directly from the Lord Keeper’s mouth or circulated through other legal-political, literary, theatrical, didactic, and religious works, encouraged officers’ conscientious execution of their duties and alerted the English public to the signs of the abuse of authority. Law reform created a distinct critical orientation toward legal and governing activities that was reproduced throughout a system of justice in which an extraordinary number of subjects participated. It was a critical orientation, moreover, that was refracted in literature sensitive to the implications of the socio-political dominance of legal language, traditions, and officers. The principles and practices of law reform—along with the conflicts and anxieties that inspired and sprang from them—were appropriated by amateur and professional writers alike. Close readings reveal that Inns-of-Court revellers, Francis Bacon, John Donne and Shakespeare all engaged deeply with the potential, as well as the ethical and practical limitations, of law reform’s central role in local and national governance. In the Gesta Grayorum and Donne’s “Satyre V,” the reveller and the satiric speaker improvise on legal forms to compensate for the law’s imperfections that threaten the security and prosperity of the English subject. In Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure and The Winter’s Tale, the character of the legal-political officer and reformer is tested as he attempts to put policies and principles into practice.

This dissertation examines early modern literary engagements with the rhetorical and ethical dimensions of law reform. One of the most important mechanisms of social regulation in late-Elizabethan and early-Jacobean England, law reform was a matter of, first, the “perfection” of the organization and expression of existing laws, legal instruments, and legal processes. However counter-intuitively, these officially-sponsored reforms were calculated to prevent more radical innovations that would generate “inconveniences,” systemic contradictions and uncertainties that threatened the law’s ability to produce just results. Second, law reformers generated a discourse on “execution” that targeted the character of legal representatives. This tradition of character criticism, delivered directly from the Lord Keeper’s mouth or circulated through other legal-political, literary, theatrical, didactic, and religious works, encouraged officers’ conscientious execution of their duties and alerted the English public to the signs of the abuse of authority. Law reform created a distinct critical orientation toward legal and governing activities that was reproduced throughout a system of justice in which an extraordinary number of subjects participated. It was a critical orientation, moreover, that was refracted in literature sensitive to the implications of the socio-political dominance of legal language, traditions, and officers. The principles and practices of law reform—along with the conflicts and anxieties that inspired and sprang from them—were appropriated by amateur and professional writers alike. Close readings reveal that Inns-of-Court revellers, Francis Bacon, John Donne and Shakespeare all engaged deeply with the potential, as well as the ethical and practical limitations, of law reform’s central role in local and national governance. In the Gesta Grayorum and Donne’s “Satyre V,” the reveller and the satiric speaker improvise on legal forms to compensate for the law’s imperfections that threaten the security and prosperity of the English subject. In Shakespeare’s Measure for Measure and The Winter’s Tale, the character of the legal-political officer and reformer is tested as he attempts to put policies and principles into practice.

This thesis is focused on gesture recognition in video. The main purpose of this thesis was to create an algorithm and an application that can recognize selected gestures using a~video obtained through a~standard webcamera. The intention was to control an application program, such as video player. The approach used to achieve this goal was to exploit methods of feature extraction, tracking, and machine learning.

Tato diplomová práce byla vypracována při studijním pobytu na University of Eastern, Finland. Tato práce se zabývá analýzou pohybů očí jakožto charakteristiky lidských úmyslů. Během hraní hry 8Puzzle byly extrahovány pohyby očí a rozděleny na základě stisku tlačítka, které ve hře symbolizovalo hráčův úmysl pohnout herní kostičkou. Takto rozdělené sekvence představují reflexivní chování oka, tzv. pohledové gesto, které představují zdroj příznaků. Příznaky extrahované z pohybů očí pak popisují pohledová gesta spojená jak s úmysly a tak bez úmyslů. Nově bylo do analýzy zahrnuto také pozorování změn v zorničce jakožto zdroj informací, který by mohl pomoci v rozlišení úmyslných pohledů od pohledů bez záměru. Tento úkol zahrnuje binární klasifikaci, která byla realizována pomocí navrženého predikčního modelu s využitím SVM a RBF jádra. Tato práce se také zaměřuje na studium vlivu normalizace na celkové výsledky. Vyhodnocení modelu bylo realizování pomocí křivky pod grafem. Z výsledků bylo dobře patrné, že datová sada příznaků založená na fixacích a sakádách lépe rozlišila úmyslné sekvence od neúmyslných, zatímco úspěšnost sad příznaků postavených na odezvách pupily se pohybovala na hranici náhodného klasifikátoru. Přestože dosažené výsledky vyzývají k dalšímu studiu lidských úmyslů pomocí pohybů očí, přestože klasifikace v reálném čase na základě takto navržených příznaků by prozatím nebyla 100% spolehlivá.

Organisés autour d'une chronologie épiscopale qui remonte aux origines chrétiennes du diocèse, les Gestes des évêques d'Auxerre mettent par écrit la mémoire de l'Église locale et en particulier celle des évêques. Le genre littéraire se prête également à différentes analyses. Le présent mémoire propose de retenir la première rédaction du texte comme un moyen de définition et de différenciation sociale entre évêques et laïcs. D'où l'idée selon laquelle le texte transmet un modèle d'évêque idéal aux successeurs du siège épiscopal et à la société contemporaine. C'est le constat que l'on tire de l'insistance du récit sur l'image de l'évêque dont on souligne le dévouement, les qualités et la sainteté. De même, l'évêque apparaît dans le récit comme le personnage le plus important de la communauté. Il est au cœur d'un cheminement collectif et d'une transformation fondamentale qui affecte à la fois l'évêque, sa communauté et son espace.

Title of the thesis: Developing pronunciation through musical activities in French lessons Keywords: communicative approach, phonetics, phonology, pronunciation, prosody, activity, music, rhythm, rhythmisation, melody, tempo, intonation, accent, song, rap, facial expressions Abstract: This thesis deals with the teaching of French phonetics, considers the status of phonetics in communicatively oriented teaching, and comes to the fact that the teaching of phonetics and phonology is not a priority in the communicative approach. The work demonstrates the importance of such teaching, and therefore explores how the teaching of pronunciation or some of its components could be made more attractive. Based on the proven relationship of music and language, both as auditory phenomena, this thesis approaches the interwoven elements of these two areas. The aim is to explore how the musical elements, such as: rhythm, melody, tempo, phrasing, etc., could be used in the teaching of French pronunciation - especially at the suprasegmental level. The work offers a basic inventory of exercises which benefit from this characteristic and which has been verified in practice, and in the final analysis summarises their effectiveness in foreign language teaching.

This diploma thesis aims at presenting principles and techniques of giving instructions during English lessons and their practical use. It stresses the awareness of the importance of delivering clear and understandable instructions and of their influence on students' comprehension. Theoretical part of this thesis describes general rules of giving instructions and focuses on instruction techniques suitable for students' learning styles. It also deals with the language of instruction appropriate for A1 - A2 level students. Practical part consists of applying the theoretical principals in practice through an action research. The aim of the practical part is the improvement of the author's instructions. The findings have shown that modifying the language of instruction as well as using various verbal and non- verbal instruction techniques promotes the students' comprehension of instructions. Key words: Language acquisition, comprehensible input, language of instruction, students' comprehension, learning styles, gestures, action research, instructions