The GMT is an aplanatic Gregorian telescope consisting of 7 primary and secondary mirror segments that must be phased to within a fraction of an imaging wavelength to allow the 25.4 meter telescope to reach its diffraction limit. When operating in Laser Tomographic Adaptive Optics (LTAO) mode, on-axis guide stars will not be available for segment phasing. In this mode, the GMT's Acquisition, Guiding, and Wavefront Sensing system (AGWS) will deploy four pickoff probes to acquire natural guide stars in a 6-10 arcmin annular FOV for guiding, active optics, and segment phasing. The phasing sensor will be able to measure piston phase differences between the seven primary/secondary pairs of up to 50 microns with an accuracy of 50 nm using a J-band dispersed fringe sensor. To test the dispersed fringe sensor design and validate the performance models, SAO has built and commissioned a prototype phasing sensor on the Magellan Clay 6.5 meter telescope. This prototype uses an aperture mask to overlay 6 GMT-sized segment gap patterns on the Magellan 6.5 meter primary mirror reimaged pupil. The six diffraction patterns created by these subaperture pairs are then imaged with a lenslet array and dispersed with a grism. An on-board phase shifter has the ability to simulate an arbitrary phase shift within subaperture pairs. The prototype operates both on-axis and 6 arcmin off-axis either with AO correction from the Magellan adaptive secondary MagAO system on or off in order to replicate as closely as possible the conditions expected at the GMT.

Orientador: Jose Ricardo Albergaria Barbosa / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T02:07:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luna_AnibalHenriqueBarbosa_D.pdf: 1133521 bytes, checksum: 0b56f9a0d7a3c458d4ca3675a6467a94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O granuloma central de células gigantes (GCCG) é uma lesão benigna que acomete tanto a maxila como a mandíbula, representando menos de 7% de todos os tumores benignos dos maxilares. A sua etiologia é incerta, sendo implicados fatores genéticos. O GCCG pode manifestar-se como lesões de grandes dimensões com características de agressividade ¿ como crescimento rápido, reabsorções radiculares ou parestesia e tendência à recidiva, ou como lesões pequenas, uniloculares, sem aspectos de agressividade. A modalidade de tratamento mais empregada é a curetagem, associada ou não a ostectomia periférica. No entanto são relatadas outras modalidades de tratamento, como a administração de corticosteróides, calcitonina ou a-interferon. Os índices de recidiva podem ser altos, variando de 0% a 49%. A ocorrência de recidiva parece depender do comportamento clínico da lesão, da localização anatômica e da modalidade de tratamento instituída. O presente estudo retrospectivo analisou o tratamento de GCCG no período de janeiro de 1996 a julho de 2006 atendidos pela Área de Cirurgia Buco-Maxilo-Facial da FOP ¿ Unicamp, correlacionando seus aspectos clínicos. Foram analisados 14 casos (9M; 5F) com uma média de idade de 18,5 (variando de 5 ¿ 59) anos, sendo a maxila o osso mais acometido. Do total, 5 casos foram tratados cirurgicamente por meio de curetagem associada a ostectomia periférica, e 9 foram tratados clinicamente. A administração intralesional de corticosteróides foi iniciada nestes casos, sendo o tratamento com calcitonina instituído na ausência de uma resposta clínica satisfatória. O tempo médio de tratamento com corticosteróides foi de 3,84 (±3,87) meses, sendo que em dois casos foi instituída a administração de calcitonina. O tempo médio de tratamento com calcitonina foi de 18,8 (±7,94) meses, sendo que em um caso não foi observada boa evolução clínica. Nenhum caso de recidiva foi observado após um acompanhamento de 38,22 (variando de 3 ¿ 174) meses / Abstract: The central giant cell granuloma is a benign lesion of the jaws, accounting for less than 7% of all benign lesions of the jaws. Its origin is unknown, but it has been suggested that genetic factors may be implicated. The central giant cell granuloma demonstrates a variable clinical behavior, ranging from slowly growing painless swelling to rapidly expanding aggressive tumors, characterized by pain, local destruction of bone, root displacement or resorption and a significantly high recurrence rate. Surgical treatment represented by curettage with peripheral ostectomy or not is the most widely used procedure. However, other treatment options such as intralesional corticosteroids, daily calcitonin administration or a-interferon are advocated. The recurrence rate may be high (ranging form 0% to 49%), and it seems to depend on the clinical behavior, the treatment employed, and anatomic site envolved. The aim of this study was to report the results of long-term follow up of the management of central giant cell granulomas. A retrospective analysis was conducted from January 1996 to July 2006, analyzing all cases of the Oral and Maxillofacial Area, Piracicaba Dental School. The sample was represented by 14 patients (9 M; 5 F) with a mean age of 18.5 (ranging from 5 ¿ 59) years, and the maxilla was involved in most of the cases. Regarding the treatment modality, 5 cases were treated by curettage with peripheral ostectomy, and a medical treatment was instituted in the others. In these cases, intralesional injections with corticosteroids were initiated, and the treatment with calcitonin was employed only if proper resolution was not achieved. The mean time of treatment with corticosteroids was 3.84 (±3.87) months, but in two cases calcitonin daily administration was initiated. The mean time of treatment with calcitonin was 18.8 (±7.94) months, but in one case calcitonin did not seem to be effective. No case of recurrence was observed after a mean follow-up of 38.22 (ranging from 3 ¿ 174) months / Doutorado / Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais / Doutor em Clínica Odontológica

English progressive rock band Gentle Giant is catalogued under the progressive (or “prog”) rock genre for a variety reasons, including unique instrumentation, virtuosity, and interesting/unconventional musical attributes. The complexity of their music is often warranted by the sophisticated concepts behind their albums and the deep messages of their songs. The Power and the Glory (TPatG), Gentle Giant’s sixth studio album, is a concept album that emphasizes the rise and corruption of power. What makes their music, especially TPatG, worthy of scholarly attention beyond the simple examination of the compositional techniques employed is the way in which the message of their compositions is conveyed, and how that message is interpreted. In this project, I investigate the elements that contribute to this album’s theme via semiotic analysis. I begin by exploring the discipline of semiotics as a method for analysis. Largely applied to language and literature, semiotic analysis has been recently adapted and applied to music study. Jean Molino’s method proposes a tripartite model for the analysis of music: analyses at poietic, neutral, and esthesic levels. A poietic level analysis examines the circumstances of the music’s creation, including origination, composition, production, and performance. Situating Gentle Giant among their contemporaries and TPatG among the band’s discography by outlining their history (both personal and professional) illuminates the conditions under which the album was generated and produced. An analysis of the neutral level defines the musical “trace,” or those quantifiable elements of the music (i.e., objective elements such as pitch, rhythm, etc.). These structures are explained in light of their usage throughout history and their impact on the album’s overarching theme of the corruption of power. An esthesic analysis describes the reception and interpretation of the music. I examine the socio-cultural impact the album has made and the influence it has had on musicians throughout the years. Molino’s tripartite method of analysis supports a comprehensive understanding of Gentle Giant’s TPatG, not solely musically by examining its structures, but socio-culturally as a part of the progressive-rock culture and, indeed, the broader music industry of the 1970s.

Since their 'discovery' at the turn of the 21st century, giant viruses of the amoeba have captured the fascination of virologists. They have raised a plethora of questions regarding their evolution and ecological significance and have greatly defied a century's old definition of viruses. By now, it is understood that a handful of giant viruses enter the amoeba via the phagosomal pathway. This thesis chooses to focus on the giant Melbournevirus (MelV) regarding its entry and uncoating pathway. We now conclude that the initial attachment between MelV and amoeba cells is built upon glycan interactions based on evidence that mannose competitively inhibits MelV binding. This attachment likely entails an approximately 70 kDa mannose containing glycoprotein on the MelV. Mannose and other glycans induce secretion of proteins including phagosomal enzymes from amoeba. Based on these findings, it is hypothesised that the mannose-induced phagosomal enzymes could play a role in the uncoating of the MelV. The results further reveal isolated phagosomes, also to some extent the glycan-induced protein secretions, to have high levels of proteins involved in cell redox homeostasis. This implies that the highly oxidative environment of the phagosome may be an overlooked physiological factor when regarding the uncoating of the MelV. A deeper understanding of the physiological uncoating conditions can be used for studying internal structures of giant viruses, such as the enigmatic Large and Dense Body (LDB) of the MelV particle.

Obtaining new insights into the behavior of free-living marine organisms is fundamental for conservation efforts and anticipating the impact of climate change on marine ecosystems. Despite the recent advances in biotelemetry, collecting physiological and behavioral parameters of underwater free-living animals remains technically challenging. In this thesis, we develop the first magnetic underwater animal monitoring system that utilizes Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors, the most sensitive solid-state sensors today, coupled with flexible magnetic composites. The TMR sensors are composed of CoFeB free layers and MgO tunnel barriers, patterned using standard optical lithography and ion milling procedures. The short and long-term stability of the TMR sensors has been studied using statistical and Allan deviation analysis. Instrumentation noise has been reduced using optimized electrical interconnection schemes. We also develop flexible NdFeB-PDMS composite magnets optimized for applications in corrosive marine environments, and which can be attached to marine animals. The magnetic and mechanical properties are studied for different NdFeB powder concentrations and the performance of the magnetic composites for different exposure times to sea water is systematically investigated. Without protective layer, the composite magnets loose more than 50% of their magnetization after 51 days in seawater. The durability of the composite magnets can be considerably improved by using polymer coatings which are protecting the composite magnet, whereby Parylene C is found to be the most effective solution, providing simultaneously corrosion resistance, flexibility, and enhanced biocompatibility. A Parylene C film of 2μm thickness provides the sufficient protection of the magnetic composite in corrosive aqueous environments for more than 70 days. For the high level performance of the system, the theoretically optimal position of the composite magnets with respect to the sensing direction of the sensor has been estimated using finite element modeling software. The magnetic sensing system has been practically implemented for monitoring the belly size of a model fish and for monitoring the behavior of the largest living bivalve, giant clam (Tridacna maxima) in an aquarium. In both of these experiments, the sensing system showed a high performance, indicating its potential for novel marine monitoring applications.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第23007号 / 理博第4684号 / 新制||理||1672(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科物理学・宇宙物理学専攻 / (主査)教授 嶺重 慎, 准教授 前田 啓一, 教授 太田 耕司 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

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Vesicles are a type of biological or biomimetic particle consisting of one or more often spherical bilayers made up of amphipathic molecules, creating a closed system. They can function as an encapsulating device, holding hydrophilic molecules on the inside of the bilayer membrane(s) or hydrophobic molecules in the non-polar interstitial space in the middle of the bilayers. Because of this capacity to carry molecules, vesicles are a premier system for drug delivery and even theranostics in vivo. A peptide-based approach to release of encapsulated molecules has previously been developed but since drug delivery vesicles are in the size range of nanometers, the mechanisms have not been visualized. This project aims to produce giant unilamellar vesicles as a model system used to visualize membrane interactions vital to the understanding and further development of smaller vesicle-based systems for drug delivery. Giant unilamellar vesicles were produced successfully and a preparation protocol was established. Additionally, some membrane interactions were investigated using fluorescence microscopy.