The purpose of this observational cross-sectional study was to assess the oral health of children between the ages of 6 to 18 with neutropenia attending the Marrow Failure and Myelodysplasia Program at The Hospital for Sick Children and compare the results to healthy control patients attending the Children’s Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto. Fifteen patients with neutropenia and 26 healthy controls participated in this study. Patients with neutropenia reported an increased incidence of mouth sores and bleeding gums while brushing. However, clinical examination showed no statistical differences in the presence of ulcerations, gingival recession, tooth mobility, gingival inflammation or plaque and calculus levels. The dmft/t and DMFT/T scores were lower for the group with neutropenia, but only the dmft/t score was significant. This data suggests that patients with neutropenia that are being treated by a haematologist do not experience any more severe oral problems than healthy dental patients.

La caries dental y la gingivitis son las enfermedades más prevalentes en niños y debido a su carácter crónico, la enfermedad avanza con la edad si no se hacen esfuerzos para controlar su progresión. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar el perfil epidemiológico de niños de 2-5 años de edad de un distrito de Lima. Es un estudio descriptivo transversal, en 118 niños de dos Instituciones Educativas Estatales del distrito de Santiago de Surco-Lima en el año 2010. Al examinar a cada niño se evaluaron las lesiones cariosas, según los registros de la OMS, para el IHO el Índice de placa de Silness Löe, y para la gingivitis el índice gingival de Löe y Silness. Resultados: Se encontró una prevalencia de caries del 77.9%, la prevalencia de gingivitis fue del 55% y la del Índice de Higiene Oral tuvo un promedio de 1, lo cual lo ubica en un promedio de higiene regular. Conclusión: La población estudiada tiene niveles de caries dental mayores o iguales a lo que manifiestan otros estudios, siendo el sexo femenino el que evidencio mayores índices de caries, gingivitis e Índice de higiene oral lo cual dificultará alcanzar las metas mundiales trazadas por la OMS/OPS para niños menores de 5 años de edad. Palabras Clave: ceod – CPOD - Enfermedad Periodontal - Caries Dental, Índice de Higiene Oral - Índice de löe y Silness – niños menores de 5 años. / Dental caries and gingivitis are the most prevalent diseases in children because of its chronic nature, the disease progresses with age if no efforts are made to control its progression. The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiological profile of children aged 2-5 years in the district of Lima. We conducted a cross sectional study in 118 children in two educational institutions in the district of Santiago de Surco-Lima. Carious lesions were evaluated in each child, as recorded by WHO. For the IHO we used the Löe Silness plaque index, and for gingivitis we used the Löe and Silness.index. Results: The prevalence of caries of 77.9%, the prevalence of gingivitis was 55% and the Oral Hygiene Index had an average of 1, which places it in an average of regular hygiene. Conclusion: The population studied had dental caries levels greater or equal to other studies show, being the females who evidenced higher rates of caries, gingivitis and oral hygiene index. Key Words: ceod – CPOD - Periodontal Disease - Dental Caries - Oral Hygiene Index - löe y Silness index - children aged 2-5 years.

AIM: The overall aim of this thesis was to study culture as an oral health determinant for dental caries and gingivitis in children living in Jönköping, Sweden, in relation to children living in Da Nang, Vietnam. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 1993 and 2003, cross-sectional studies with clinical examinations and questionnaires were performed in Jönköping, Sweden, with a random sample of 130 children from each of four age groups; 3, 5, 10 and 15 years. The final study sample comprised 739 children, 154 (21%) with two foreign-born parents and 585 (79%) with two Swedish-born parents (Paper I). In 2000, all 15-year-olds (n=143) at one school in Jönköping, Sweden, were asked to participate in a questionnaire study connected to clinical data. The final sample comprised 117 individuals, 51 (44%) with foreign-born parents and 66 (56%) with Swedish-born parents (Paper II). In 2008, a cross-sectional study with clinical examinations and questionnaires was performed in Da Nang, Vietnam with 840 randomly selected children, 210 in each of four age groups; 3, 5, 10 and 15 years. The final sample comprised 745 individuals (Papers III and IV). RESULTS: In 2003, the mean number of decayed (initial and manifest) and filled tooth surfaces was significantly higher in all age groups in children with foreign-born parents compared with children with Swedish-born parents. The gap between children with foreign-born parents and Swedish-born parents increased over the ten-year period from 1993 to 2003. The odds ratio of dental caries development among 10- and 15-year-old children with foreign-born-parents was more than six times higher than for their counterparts with Swedish-born parents (Paper I). Fifteen-year-olds born in Sweden of foreignborn parents and those who had immigrated before one year of age had a caries prevalence similar to 15-year-olds with Swedish-born parents, whereas the caries prevalence in children who had immigrated to Sweden after 7 years of age was 2-3 times higher (Paper II). Among the 3- and 5-year-olds in Vietnam, 98% suffered from dental caries, compared with 91% of 10- and 15-year-olds (Paper IV). The distribution of the most frequent values of decayed and filled primary tooth surfaces (dfs) in 5-year-olds was 16–20, and of decayed and filled permanent tooth surfaces (DFS) in 15-year-olds was 1–5. The maximum dfs was 76–80, and significant numbers of children had dfs between 20 and 50. The percentage of tooth sites with plaque and gingivitis was higher for children in all age groups with foreign-born parents compared with children with Swedish-born parents, except among the 15-year-olds in 2003. In Vietnam, the prevalence of plaque and gingivitis was high in all age groups, especially in 10- and 15-year-olds. Fifteen-yearolds in Sweden with foreign-born parents had a higher intake of snack products between principal meals compared with 15-year-olds with Swedish-born parents (Paper II). In Sweden, most children in all age groups brushed their teeth themselves or with help from their parents twice or more than twice a day (Paper I). Among 3- and 5-year-olds in Vietnam, about half of the parents reported that their children brushed their teeth themselves or with help from parents twice or more than twice a day (Paper III). All 3-year-olds and 99% of 5-year-olds in Sweden brushed their teeth with fluoride toothpaste (Paper I). Among 15-year-olds in Sweden with foreign-born parents, 88% reported that they brushed their teeth with fluoride toothpaste at least twice a day compared with 98% of 15-year-olds with Swedish-born parents (Paper II). In Vietnam, 44–78% of the children used fluoride toothpaste for toothbrushing and 51% consumed sweets between principal meals at least once a day (Paper III). Sweetened milk was the most common source of this sugar intake for the 3- and 5-year-olds (Paper III). CONCLUSIONS: Culture is an important oral health determinant for dental caries and gingivitis in children. There is an urgent need to improve oral health care promotion and preventive programmes for children with foreign-born parents in Sweden, but also a great need for such programmes for children in Vietnam. / SYFTE: Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling var att studera kultur som en oral bestämningsfaktor för karies och gingivit hos barn boende i Jönköping, Sverige, i relation till barn boende i Da Nang, Vietnam. MATERIAL OCH METOD: Under 1993 och 2003 utfördes två epidemiologiska tvärsnittsstudier i Jönköping med ett slumpmässigt urval av individer i åldersgrupperna 3, 5, 10 och 15 år. Samtliga individers orala hälsa undersöktes kliniskt och röntgenologiskt. Barnen, eller deras föräldrar, svarade även på ett frågeformulär avseende sociodemografi, attityder till och kunskaper om tänder samt munhälsovanor. Totalt omfattade studien 739 barn och ungdomar, 154 med två utrikes födda föräldrar och 585 med två svenskfödda föräldrar (Paper I). I en annan studie inbjöds 143 15-åringar på en kommunal skola i Jönköping att delta (Paper II). Av dessa deltog 117 personer; 51 med två utrikes födda föräldrar och 66 med två svenskfödda föräldrar. Alla ungdomar intervjuades med hjälp av ett strukturerat frågeformulär där kostfrågor förtydligades med visualisering, dvs exempel på förpackningar och varor. Information om karies (DFS) samlades in från journaler från Folktandvården, Landstinget i Jönköpings län. Under 2008 genomfördes en epidemiologisk tvärsnittsstudie i Da Nang, Vietnam med 840 slumpmässigt utvalda barn, 210 individer i åldersgrupperna 3, 5, 10 och 15 år, där det slutliga urvalet omfattade 745 individer. Samtliga individers orala hälsa undersöktes kliniskt. Barnen, eller deras föräldrar, svarade även på ett frågeformulär avseende sociodemografi, attityder till och kunskaper om tänder samt munhälsovanor (Papers III och IV) RESULTAT: År 2003 var antalet karierade och fyllda tandytor (dfs/DFS) statistiskt signifikant högre i alla åldersgrupper hos svenska barn med två utrikes födda föräldrar jämfört med barn med två svenskfödda föräldrar och klyftan mellan barn med utländsk bakgrund och barn med svensk bakgrund ökade under tioårsperioden 1993-2003. Risken för att utsättas för karies bland 10- och 15-åringar med utländsk bakgrund var mer än sex gånger högre jämfört med 15-åringar med svensk bakgrund (Paper I). Femtonåringar födda i Sverige med två utrikes födda föräldrar som hade kommit till Sverige före ett års ålder, hade en kariesprevalens som liknade den hos 15-åringar med svenskfödda föräldrar, medan barn som hade invandrat till Sverige efter sju år ålder hade en 2-3 gånger högre kariesprevalens (Paper II). Bland 3- och 5-åringar i Vietnam hade 98 % karies, hos 10- och 15-åringar var motsvarande siffra 91 % (Paper IV). De mest frekventa värdena av antalet kariesskadade och fyllda tandytor på primära tänder hos barn i 5-års-ålder var 16-20, och de mest frekventa värdena av kariesskadade och fyllda tandytor på permanenta tänder hos barn i åldern 15 år var 1-5. De maximala värdena av kariesskadade och fyllda primära tandytor var 76-80, och det fanns ett stort antal barn med mellan 20 och 50 skadade och fyllda primära tandytor. Procentandelen tandytor med plack och gingivit var numeriskt högre i alla åldersgrupper i Sverige hos barn med utländsk bakgrund jämfört med barn med svensk bakgrund, utom mellan 15-åringar år 2003. I Vietnam var förekomsten av plack och gingivit mycket hög i alla åldersgrupper och i synnerhet hos 10- och 15-åringar. I Sverige borstade de flesta av barnen i alla åldersgrupper sina tänder själva eller med hjälp av sina föräldrar två eller mer än två gånger per dag (Paper I). Bland 3- och 5-åringar i Vietnam rapporterade ungefär hälften av föräldrarna att barnen borstade tänderna själva eller med hjälp av föräldrar två eller mer än två gånger per dag (Paper III). Alla 3-åringar och 99 % av 5-åringar i Sverige borstade tänderna med fluortandkräm (Paper I). Bland 15-åringar med utländsk bakgrund uppgav 88 % att de borstade tänderna med fluortandkräm minst två gånger om dagen jämfört med 98 % av 15-åringarna med svensk bakgrund (Paper II). I Vietnam borstade 44 %-78 % av barnen tänderna med fluortandkräm (Paper III). Femtonåringar i Sverige med utländsk bakgrund hade ett högre intag av sötsaker mellan huvudmåltider jämfört med ungdomar med svensk bakgrund (Paper II). I Vietnam konsumerade 51 % av barnen sötsaker mellan huvudmåltiderna minst en gång om dagen. Sötad mjölk var den vanligaste källan till detta sockerintag för 3- och 5-åringar (Paper III). SLUTSATSER: Kultur är en viktig bestämningsfaktor för karies och gingivit hos barn. Det finns ett överhängande behov av att förbättra promotion och preventionsprogram avseende oral hälsa bland barn i Sverige med utrikes födda föräldrar men också ett stort behov för barnen i Vietnam.

<p><font face="Times New Roman"> <p align="left">The study revealed that learners and teachers from both high and low participating schools had positive oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviour towards oral health. However, certain socio-environmental factors which are important determinants of oral health could explain the reasons for low participation in oral health programme by some schools. Therefore the Health Promoting Schools approach is a pragmatic way to promote oral health at schools in Swakopmund district because a Health Promoting School has a healthy public policy that creates a supportive environment for oral health, making healthy choices easier.</p> </font></p>

In the postwar period Swedish communities have become more multicultural. Although there are about 120,000 Finnish immigrant children below the age of 18 in Sweden, knowledge about their dental health is rather sparse. Dental health and related factors were studied in Finnish immigrant children aged 5,8 and 14 years, living in the city of Luleå, northern Sweden. The effect of early dental health education to parents at the Child Health Centres was studied in one age group in Luleå and in one in the municipality of Botkyrka, Stockholm county. All groups of Finnish children were compared to Swedish children matched for age, sex and social class. At the age of 5 the prevalence of dental caries was higher than in Swedish control children. At the age of 8, this difference persisted, but was less pronounced in the permanent than in the primary dentition. The net mean caries increment between 5 and 8 years of age was 11.2 in the Finnish group compared to 7.4 in the Swedish. The proportion of children selected for individual prophylaxis and the time used between age 5 and 8 did not differ between the Finnish and the Swedish groups. In the Finnish teenagers, the prevalence of dental caries was higher than in the Swedish teenagers. Periodontal health was equally good in all age groups of Finnish and Swedish children. The difference in caries prevalence between the two groups was mainly explained by a more frequent between-meal eating and a higher intake of sucrose-containing products between meals in the Finnish children. Even though they had been included in organized dental care with individual prophylaxis, this was obviously not enough to guarantee them as good a dental health as in the Swedish children. Flourides were used to an equal extent in the Finnish and Swedish groups. Toothbrushing was less frequent in all Finnish age groups than in the Swedish controls. The Finnish parents were less convinced than the Swedish about their ability to influence the child’s dental health, and more Finnish than Swedish parents also found it necessary to visit a dentist only when they had toothache. The Finnish teenagers who had received almost twice as many hours of individual prophylaxis as the Swedish, knew less about the etiology of dental caries but equally much about the etiology of gingivitis. The best result of early dental health education to parents, evaluated by comparing prevalence of dental caries of the children at the age of 3, was obtained when information was given three times in Finnish. If information in the mother tongue cannot be offered, an extra session of information in Swedish can also benefit the dental health of the child. / <p>S. 1-42: sammanfattning, s. 43-115: 5 uppsatser</p> / digitalisering@umu

In a cross-sectional study the extent and distribution of dental caries was studied in 817 children, 4, 8 and 13 years old in three areas inSweden. The importance of dietary habits, sugar intake, social conditions, professional dental care, oral hygiene and the use of fluorides on caries prevalence was analyzed. In a subsample, con­sisting of 88 8-year-olds and 91 13-year-olds the net caries increment during aone-year period was studied.In this longitudinal study, the salivary levels of lactobacllli and S. mutans were determined and correlated to sugar intake and caries increment. The cross-sectional study showed obvious differences in caries preva­lence among the studied areas. These differences could mainly be explained by variations in the age from which children had received professional dental care, frequency of tooth-brushing and the use of topical fluorides. There were no differences in dietary habits or sugar intake that could explain the differences in caries prevalence among the areas studied. Examples are given of how changes in some determinants may affect the caries prevalence by means of path analysis. The longitudinal study showed that caries Increment was higher when sugar intake and meal frequency were high (&gt; the mean value for the age group). The highest mean caries increment was found in children with high prevalence of lactobacllli and S. mutans in the saliva combined with a high sugar intake. Groups of children with high salivary levels of both Iactobac ì II i and S. mutans developed 3-4 times more caries than other children. This relation did not always exist in the Individual case. Children with a low caries Increment during one year (0-2 surfaces) brushed their teeth more often and rinsed their mouths more frequently with fluoride solution than children with a high caries increment (&gt; 3 surfaces). The use of fluoridated toothpaste was somewhat more common, however, in the low carles increment group only in the.8-year-oIds. The gingival status was used as a measure of oral hygiene and gingivitis scores revealed statistically significant differences between groups with a low caries increment and a high carles increment (p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.05) in the two age groups, respectively. With the variables frequency of meals, total sugar intake, salivary level of lactobacilli and S. mutans, oral hygiene and use of topical fluorides the net caries increment during one year could be correctly predicted in 79 % of the 8-year-olds and 81 % of the 13-year-olds when the children were divided Into two groups according to their net car­ies increment; 0-2 surfaces and &gt; 3 surfaces. / <p>S. 1-43: sammanfattning, s. 45-116: 5 uppsatser</p> / digitalisering@umu

Darbo pavadinimas: Šunų ir kačių stomatitų, gingivitų ir periodontitų susirgimų analizė Kauno miesto “X” ir “Y” veterinarijos klinikose 2011 – 2013 metais. Lietuvos Sveikatos Mokslų Universitetas, Veterinarijos akademija, Veterinarijos fakultetas. Darbo apimtis 41 lapas. Darbe yra 22 paveikslai. Naudotų literatūros šaltinių kiekis: 34. Darbe buvo ištirti šunys ir katės, sergantys stomatitu, gingivitu ir periodontitu. Pasirinktos „X“ ir „Y“ klinikos Kaune. Darbas buvo atlikas 2011.11 – 2013.11 laikotarpiu. 2011.11 – 2013.11 laikotarpiu „X“ ir „Y“ klinikose iš viso buvo gydyti 2455 pacientai. Šiais tirtais metais burnos ertmės susirgimai buvo diagnozuoti 304 pacientams, iš jų 200 buvo šunys ir 104 – katės. Darbo tikslas: išanalizuoti ir įvertinti šunų ir kačių burnos ertmės ligų pasireiškimo dažnumą ir įtakos turinčius faktorius. Darbo uždaviniai: išanalizuoti ir įvertinti burnos ertmės ligų pasireiškimo dažnumą ir gausumą, jų priklausomybę nuo amžiaus, lyties ir veislių dydžio. Remiantis tyrimų duomenimis, nustatyta, kad „X“ ir „Y“ klinikose buvo gydyti 304 pacientai (12,0 proc.), kurie sirgo stomatitais, gingivitais ir periodontitais. Iš jų 200 (8,0 proc.) pacientų buvo šunys ir 104 (4 proc.) pacientai buvo katės. Dažniausiai šunims diagnozuotas burnos ertmės susirgimas buvo periodontitas – 56 (43,0 proc.) pacientai 1-5 metų amžiaus grupėje, dažniausiai katėms diagnozuotas burnos ertmės susirgimas buvo gingivitas – 20 (43,47 proc.) pacientų 1-5 metų amžiaus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Topic title: Analysis of dogs and cats stomatitis, gingivitis and periodontitis diseases in Kaunas “X” and “Y” veterinary clinics 2011 – 2013. Education institution: Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Veterinary Academy, Veterinary faculty. The ambit of the work is 41 pages. In the final work the number of pictures are: 22 pictures. A list of used literature: 34 references. In this work has been investigated the dogs and cats with stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis. Selected the „X“ and „Y“ clinics in Kaunas. Work was done by 2011.11 - 2013.11 years period. 2011.11 - 2013.11 in „X“ and „Y“ clinics were treated 2455 patients. During this period, 304 patients were diagnosed with oral diseases, of which 200 were dogs and 104 - cats. The aim: analyze and evaluate the frequency of dogs and cats oral cavity diseases and their influencing factors. Tasks of work. To evaluate the frequency and abundance of oral cavity diseases, dependence on age, sex and breed size. Based on the research, it was found that, in „X“ and „Y“ clinics were treated 304 patients (12,0 %), who had stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis. 200 (8,0 %) of them were dogs and 104 (4,0 %) were cats. The most common oral disease in dogs has been periodontitis - 56 (43 %) patients in the age group of 1-5 years and cats the most common oral disease was gingivitis - 20 (43,47 %) patients in the age group of 1-5 years. Dependence oral cavity diseases on sex has not been determined. It was found that... [to full text]

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans es una bacteria Gramnegativa anaerobia facultativa, de morfología bacilar o coco-bacilar, frecuentemente asociada a procesos patológicos de la cavidad bucal como la gingivitis, la periodontitis juvenil o la periodontitis progresiva aguda. El papel de su membrana externa en la resistencia a los antibióticos de uso común en odontología se conoce poco.En nuestro trabajo hemos procedido al aislamiento e identificación de una serie de cepas de A. actinomycetemcomitans procedentes de muestras clínicas de casos especialmente graves de periodontitis agresivas y menos agresivas, que hemos comparado con dos cepas referencia de laboratorio. Hemos comprobado como tanto los patrones de susceptibilidad antibiótica frente a antibióticos de uso común en odontología, como los perfiles de proteínas de membrana externa estudiados mediante electroforesis en geles desnaturalizantes de acrilamida (SDS-PAGE), no varían significativamente entre unas cepas y otras, no presentando la variabilidad esperada. Además, una de las proteínas de membrana externa presente en todas las cepas, la denominada según su peso molecular como Omp 39, cumple la mayoría de las condiciones que presentan las porinas, habiéndose puesto de manifiesto su actividad formadora de poro mediante experimentos en Planar Lipid Bilayer, en los que muestra una conductancia de 0.75nS en KCl 1M y un tamaño de poro de alrededor de 0.73nm.Además, se ha demostrado la presencia funcional de una bomba de reflujo tipo acrAB, inhibible por CCCP, habiéndose detectado por amplificación la presencia de los genes que la codifican.La presencia de una única pequeña porina en la pared celular de Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, unido a la ausencia de otros mecanismos de resistencia comunes como la existencia de integrones con genes de resistencia, podría condicionar su demostrada resistencia a ciertos tipos de antibióticos.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

El documento digital no refiere asesor / El síndrome de Sotos (SS) es una enfermedad genética con un patrón de herencia autosómico dominante, causado por haploinsuficiencia del gen NSD1 secundaria a mutaciones puntuales o microdeleciones del locus 5q35 en el que está ubicado el gen, el cual trae consecuencias como alteraciones estructurales del Sistema Nervioso Central (SNC), hipercrecimiento y con frecuencia algún grado de discapacidad intelectual y/o problemas de aprendizaje. Muchos pacientes afectados presentan además, problemas de comportamiento, anomalías congénitas cardiacas, ictericia neonatal, anomalías renales, escoliosis y convulsiones y en su salud oral, el 60 a 80% de los pacientes con SS presentan alrededor de los tres meses una prematura erupción de los dientes, babeo prolongado y respiración bucal. La mandíbula suele ser prominente, signos que favorecen la aparición de caries y sus consecuencias; es así que la cantidad de microorganismos que invaden la boca provocando caries permiten reflexionar y plantear un manejo odontopediátrico desde la fase educativa y preventiva personalizada para cada patología infantil medicamente comprometida, ya que provoca complicaciones como la periodontitis apical aguda y crónica, que conducen a la reflexión – acción de encontrar materiales de obturación de conductos radiculares de dientes deciduos que puedan controlar la actividad microbiana localizada, y hallar materiales que ayuden a la regeneración de los tejidos dañados. Es así como en el presente trabajo se realiza el tratamiento pulpar consistente en pulpotomías y pulpectomías observando los beneficios de utilizar la pasta de obturación de conductos radiculares primarios, llamada Vitapex, que contiene 40.4% yodoformo, 30% hidróxido de calcio, 22.4% de aceite de silicona y 6.9% de otros componentes, el cual se utilizó en el paciente de 5 años y seis meses, diagnosticada con SS que presentaba gingivitis crónica asociada a placa bacteriana con pulpitis reversible en 05 piezas, pulpitis irreversible en 07 piezas y necrosis pulpar en 08 piezas, presentando conducta tipo II negativa según Frankl y un riesgo alto con actividad de caries, donde se ejecutó un plan de tratamiento que incluyo las diferentes fases educativa, preventiva, curativa rehabilitadora y de mantenimiento, demostrando recuperación adecuada. / Trabajo académico