Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaLSAM_TESE.pdf: 839751 bytes, checksum: 9e3f17155f859977e0554c8ab0a331b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-25 / Foi avaliada, no presente estudo, a preval?ncia dos casos de tumores benignos e malignos de gl?ndulas salivares maiores e menores que ocorreram na popula??o atendida no hospital Dr. Luiz Ant?nio Natal/RN, no per?odo de 1989 a 2005, bem como as poss?veis associa??es existentes entre os aspectos cl?nico e patol?gicos exibidos pelos referidos tumores, visando ? obten??o de par?metros indicadores de diagn?stico e/ou progn?stico. Dos prontu?rios dos pacientes foram obtidas todas as informa??es cl?nicas necess?rias para a realiza??o do trabalho. A an?lise dos dados revelou que dos 303 tumores de gl?ndula salivar estudados, a maioria (71%) foram benignos, o mais comum foi adenoma Pleom?rfico. As m?dias de idades para os tumores benignos e malignos foi de 49,2 e 58,5 anos, respectivamente. Diferen?as estatisticamente significativas entre estes tumores foram observadas para as seguintes vari?veis: idade m?dia, o tamanho do tumor e dura??o da doen?a. Em rela??o ao tamanho do tumor, carcinoma mucoepidermoide mostrou-se 1,74 vezes menor que o de outros tumores malignos. Uma associa??o entre o diagn?stico histol?gico e vari?vel consist?ncia do tumor foi observada. Os dados apresentados neste estudo s?o relevantes para a compreens?o das diversas caracter?sticas exibidas por estes tumores, j? que corroboram uma s?rie de estudos anteriores

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-04-06T17:16:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_CLARISSA_CASTRO_GALVAO_MEDEIROS_COMPLETO.pdf: 6068259 bytes, checksum: 324b909cee7aa8cb429fbb7060ad1da5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-06T17:17:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TES_CLARISSA_CASTRO_GALVAO_MEDEIROS_COMPLETO.pdf: 6068259 bytes, checksum: 324b909cee7aa8cb429fbb7060ad1da5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-22 / Sj?gren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects mostly middle age women in a 9:1 ratio when compared to men. Although SS's inflammatory process can affect any organ, the most frequent symptoms are ocular and oral dryness due to lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands. The pathogenesis of this illness is not fully comprehended yet. SS can be classified as primary (pSS), when the patient does not present any concomitant autoimmune disease or secondary (sSS), when it is associated with other pathology of this nature. SS patients are more susceptible to oral complications due to hyposalivation. This study evaluated patients with pSS, sSS and healthy individuals considering the following aspects: non-stimulated salivary flow, colonization pattern of yeast in the oral cavity, salivary glands ultrasonographic findings and impact of oral health on quality of life. The information obtained was compared between the experimental groups. SS patients presented a decreased salivary flow rate when compared to the controls. Inverse relationships between age and salivary flow rate in all groups and between time since SS diagnosis and salivary flow rate among pSS and pSS groups were observed. A chromogenic medium was used for yeast culturing and presumptively identification of the species. Molecular identification performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis recognized 11 species from six different genera. C. albicans was the most prevalent species in all groups followed by C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. krusei. Total CFU/mL and C. albicans counts were higher in the pSS and sSS patients when comparing them to the control group. An inverse relationship between age and salivary flow rate and between salivary flow rate and the occurrence of C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata occured in all groups. Although healthy individuals presented a greater variety of species in the oral cavity, SS patients had a higher CFU's count, as well as a higher incidence of clinical manifestations of candidiasis. No statistically significant difference was detected among the three groups when the scores of the questionnaire OHIP-14 were compared. The most frequent alteration detected during ultrasonography examination was inhomogeneous echogenicity of at least one of the parotid and/or submandibular glands followed by decreased gland size and the presence of multiple small oval hypoechoic areas. / A s?ndrome de Sj?gren (SS) ? uma doen?a autoimune sist?mica que afeta principalmente mulheres de meia idade, em uma propor??o de 9:1 quando comparado aos homens. Embora o processo inflamat?rio decorrente da SS possa afetar qualquer ?rg?o, os sintomas mais frequentes s?o o ressecamento ocular e oral devido ? infiltra??o linfoc?tica nas gl?ndulas ex?crinas. A patog?nese desta enfermidade ainda n?o ? totalmente compreendida. A SS pode ser classificada como prim?ria (SSp), quando o paciente n?o apresenta qualquer doen?a autoimune concomitante ou secund?ria (SSs), quando associada ? outra patologia desta natureza. Os indiv?duos afetados tornam-se mais suscet?veis a complica??es orais devido ? hipossaliva??o. Este estudo avaliou pacientes com SSp, SSs e indiv?duos saud?veis considerando os seguintes aspectos: fluxo salivar n?o estimulado, padr?o de coloniza??o de leveduras na cavidade oral, achados ultrassonogr?ficos nas gl?ndulas salivares e impacto da sa?de bucal na qualidade de vida. As informa??es obtidas foram comparadas entre os grupos experimentais. As pacientes com SS apresentaram diminui??o do fluxo salivar quando comparadas aos controles. Foram observadas rela??es inversas entre a idade e a taxa de fluxo salivar em todos os grupos e entre o tempo decorrido desde o diagn?stico e a taxa de fluxo salivar entre os grupos SSp e SSs. Utilizou-se um meio cromog?nico para cultura de leveduras e identifica??o presuntiva das esp?cies. A identifica??o molecular foi realizada atrav?s de rea??o em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), sequenciamento de DNA e an?lise filogen?tica, possibilitando a identifica??o de 11 esp?cies pertencentes a seis g?neros diferentes. A esp?cie mais prevalente em todos os grupos foi a Candida albicans, seguida por Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis e Candida krusei. A contagem total de unidades formadoras de col?nias (UFC/mL), independentemente da esp?cie, e de Candida albicans foi maior nos pacientes dos grupos SSp e SSs quando comparados ao controle. Observou-se uma rela??o inversa entre idade e fluxo salivar e entre fluxo salivar e a presen?a de Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis e Candida glabrata em todos os grupos. Embora os indiv?duos saud?veis tenham apresentado uma maior variedade de esp?cies na cavidade oral, os pacientes com SS demonstraram uma maior contagem de UFC/mL, bem como maior incid?ncia de manifesta??es cl?nicas de candid?ase. N?o foi detectada diferen?a estat?stica significativa entre os tr?s grupos quando os escores do question?rio OHIP-14 foram comparados. A altera??o mais freq?ente detectada durante o exame de ultrassom foi a ecogenicidade n?o-homog?nea de pelo menos uma das gl?ndulas par?tidas e/ou submandibulares, seguida pela diminui??o do tamanho dessas estruturas e pelo aparecimento de m?ltiplas pequenas ?reas ovais hipoec?icas.

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-31T17:34:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LUISA_CIDALIA_GALLO_DE_ALMEIDA_DIS.pdf: 3496201 bytes, checksum: 3d0660cd86d46e29c77ead610e146aa7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-11-10T13:02:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LUISA_CIDALIA_GALLO_DE_ALMEIDA_DIS.pdf: 3496201 bytes, checksum: 3d0660cd86d46e29c77ead610e146aa7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-10T13:05:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUISA_CIDALIA_GALLO_DE_ALMEIDA_DIS.pdf: 3496201 bytes, checksum: 3d0660cd86d46e29c77ead610e146aa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-11 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Xerostomia and hyposalivation are important sequelae of radiotherapy in the head and neck region since the salivary glands are extremely sensitive to the effects of ionizing radiation. The first article of this dissertation comprehends a literature review in which preventive methods of radiotherapy-induced xerostomia such as the use of cholinergic agonist drugs, antioxidant substances, acupuncture, low power laser therapy and submandibular gland transfer were discussed. The second article describes an experimental study with the objective of evaluating and comparing the radioprotective effect of vitamin E, the association of vitamins C and E, as well as resveratrol on morphological changes induced by radiotherapy in the parotid glands of rats. Seventy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: control group (1.0 mL / kg of saline); Irradiated control group (1.0 mL / kg of saline solution); Vitamin E group (360 mg / kg, 200 IU / mL vitamin E); Vitamin C and E group (100 mg / kg, 200 mg / mL vitamin C and 360 mg / kg, 200 IU / mL vitamin E); Resveratrol group (100 mg / kg resveratrol). Prior to radiotherapy, the animals received one dose per day of the drug corresponding to each group, for three consecutive days, through gavage. The animals were submitted to cobalt-60 teletherapy in the head and neck region (except the control group), in a single session of 20 Gy. They were euthanized seven and thirty days after radiotherapy and the parotid glands were dissected and prepared for morphological evaluation. After seven days there was no significant difference between the groups regarding the presence of acinar disorganization, cytoplasmic vacuolation, changes suggestive of apoptosis and cellular pleomorphism. Thirty days after radiotherapy, in the vitamin E and resveratrol groups the presence of vacuolation was significantly lower in comparison to the irradiated group (p = 0.015). Also during this period, the resveratrol group presented less nuclear pleomorphism in relation to the irradiated group (p = 0.015). In addition, the vitamin E and resveratrol groups had a significantly higher nuclear area in the 30-day evaluation (p = 0.000). According to the results presented, it is possible to suggest that vitamin E and resveratrol attenuated the effects of ionizing radiation on rat parotid acinar cells. Resveratrol appears to have been more efficient compared to vitamin E. / A xerostomia e a hipossaliva??o s?o importantes sequelas da radioterapia em regi?o de cabe?a e pesco?o uma vez que as gl?ndulas salivares s?o extremamente sens?veis aos efeitos da radia??o ionizante. O primeiro artigo desta disserta??o trata-se de uma revis?o de literatura na qual foram abordados m?todos preventivos de xerostomia radioinduzida tais como o uso de f?rmacos agonistas colin?rgicos, subst?ncias antioxidantes, acupuntura, terapia laser de baixa pot?ncia e transfer?ncia de gl?ndula submandibular. O segundo artigo descreve um estudo experimental, realizado com o objetivo de avaliar e comparar o efeito radioprotetor da vitamina E, da associa??o das vitaminas C e E, bem como do resveratrol sobre altera??es morfol?gicas induzidas pela radioterapia em gl?ndulas par?tidas de ratos. Setenta ratos Wistar, machos, adultos foram distribu?dos em cinco grupos: grupo controle (1,0 mL/kg de solu??o salina); grupo controle irradiado (1,0 mL/kg de solu??o salina); grupo vitamina E (360 mg/kg, 200 UI/mL de vitamina E); grupo vitaminas C e E (360 mg/kg, 200 UI/mL de vitamina E e 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/mL de vitamina C); grupo resveratrol (100 mg/kg de resveratrol). Previamente ? radioterapia, os animais receberam uma dose por dia do f?rmaco correspondente a cada grupo, durante tr?s dias consecutivos, por meio de gavagem. Os animais foram submetidos ? teleterapia por cobalto-60 em regi?o de cabe?a e pesco?o (exceto o grupo-controle), em sess?o ?nica de 20 Gy. Os animais foram eutanasiados sete e trinta dias ap?s a radioterapia e as gl?ndulas par?tidas foram dissecadas e preparadas para avalia??o morfol?gica. Ap?s sete dias n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os grupos quanto ? presen?a de desorganiza??o acinar, vacuola??o citoplasm?tica, altera??es sugestivas de apoptose e pleomorfismo celular. Trinta dias ap?s a radioterapia, nos grupos vitamina E e resveratrol a presen?a de vacuola??o foi significativamente inferior em compara??o ao grupo irradiado (p=0,015). Ainda neste per?odo, o grupo resveratrol apresentou menos pleomorfismo nuclear em rela??o ao grupo irradiado (p=0,015). Al?m disso, os grupos vitamina E e resveratrol apresentaram ?rea nuclear significativamente superior aos demais na avalia??o de 30 dias (p=0,000). De acordo com os resultados apresentados ? poss?vel sugerir que a vitamina E e o resveratrol atenuaram os efeitos da radia??o ionizante nas c?lulas acinares de par?tidas de ratos. O resveratrol parece ter sido mais eficiente em compara??o ? vitamina E.

Submitted by PPG Odontologia (odontologia-pg@pucrs.br) on 2017-10-31T17:56:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCISCO_DE_ASSIS_CARVALHO_MEDELLA_JUNIOR_DIS.pdf: 1206616 bytes, checksum: d449c6e883b87845922436bf944fddcd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-11-10T13:23:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCISCO_DE_ASSIS_CARVALHO_MEDELLA_JUNIOR_DIS.pdf: 1206616 bytes, checksum: d449c6e883b87845922436bf944fddcd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-10T13:26:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FRANCISCO_DE_ASSIS_CARVALHO_MEDELLA_JUNIOR_DIS.pdf: 1206616 bytes, checksum: d449c6e883b87845922436bf944fddcd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Head and neck radiotherapy often involves major salivary glands, which may result in hyposalivation and xerostomia. Qualitative and quantitative salivary dysfunctions predispose the individual to changes in the oral mucosa and teeth, cause impairment to oral functions and negative impact on quality of life. In the first article of this study we carried out a literature review addressing the therapeutic management of salivary dysfunction. Established in the literature treatment modalities were reviewed, as well as new options still under investigation. The second paper describes an experimental study, which aimed to evaluate the radioprotective effect of histamine and lidocaine on morphological changes induced by radiation in parotid glands of rats. Fifty-six Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Control, Irradiated, Lidocaine and Histamine. The experimental groups were submitted to ionizing radiation, with the exception of the control group, in a single session of 20 Gy. In the Lidocaine Group this drug was administered at a concentration of 2%, intraperitoneally 10 minutes before radiotherapy, dose of 1mg / kg. In the histamine group, the substance was administered subcutaneously at a concentration of 0.5 mg/0.5 mL and a dose of 0.1 mg/kg daily for seven days, starting 24 hours before radiotherapy. Seven and 30 days after radiotherapy the animals were euthanized and their parotids were dissected for morphological analysis and measurement of the nuclear area of acinar cells. Morphological alterations such as acinar disorganization, cytoplasmic vacuolation, suggestive alterations of apoptosis / necrosis and nuclear pleomorphism were observed in the glands of the irradiated rats, with no differences between the groups receiving lidocaine or histamine. Nuclear area of acinar cells was significantly higher in the Lidocaine and Histamine groups. Despite this result, the parotid glands of irradiated animals showed significant mophological changes, regardless of treatment with lidocaine or histamine. The methodology used and results obtained in this study do not support the radioprotective effect of administered substances on the morphology of the rats parotid glands. / A radioterapia direcionada ? regi?o de cabe?a e pesco?o frequentemente envolve as gl?ndulas salivares maiores, podendo resultar em hipossaliva??o e xerostomia. Disfun??es salivares qualitativas e quantitativas predisp?e o indiv?duo a altera??es na mucosa bucal e nos dentes, causam preju?zo ?s fun??es orais e impacto negativo na qualidade de vida. No primeiro artigo desta disserta??o foi realizada uma revis?o de literatura abordando o manejo terap?utico das disfun??es salivares. Foram revisadas modalidades de tratamento j? consagradas na literatura, bem como novas op??es ainda em investiga??o. O segundo artigo descreve um estudo experimental que teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da lidoca?na e da histamina sobre altera??es morfol?gicas induzidas pela radioterapia em gl?ndulas par?tidas de ratos. Foram utilizados 56 ratos Wistar, divididos em quatro grupos: Controle, Irradiado, Lidoca?na e Histamina. Os animais foram submetidos ? radia??o ionizante, excetuando-se o grupo-controle, em sess?o ?nica de 20 Gy. No grupo lidoca?na o f?rmaco foi administrado por via intraperitoneal na concentra??o de 2%, 10 minutos antes da radioterapia, na dosagem de 1mg/Kg. No grupo histamina a subst?ncia foi administrada por via subcut?nea na concentra??o de 0,5 mg/0,5 mL e dosagem de 0,1 mg/Kg, diariamente, por sete dias, iniciando-se 24 horas antes da radioterapia. Sete e trinta dias ap?s a radioterapia os animais foram eutanasiados e suas par?tidas foram dissecadas para analise morfol?gica e mensura??o da ?rea nuclear das c?lulas acinares. Altera??es morfol?gicas como desorganiza??o acinar, vacuola??o citoplasm?tica, altera??es sugestivas de apoptose/necrose e pleomorfismo nuclear foram observadas nas gl?ndulas dos animais irradiados, sem diferen?as entre os grupos que receberam lidoca?na ou histamina. A ?rea nuclear das c?lulas acinares foi significativamente superior nos grupos Lidoca?na e Histamina. Apesar deste resultado, as gl?ndulas par?tidas dos animais irradiados apresentaram importantes altera??es morfol?gicas, independente do tratamento com lidoca?na ou histamina. A metodologia utilizada e os resultados obtidos neste estudo n?o suportam o efeito radioprotetor das subst?ncias administradas sobre a morfologia de gl?ndulas par?tidas de ratos.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-05-21T20:48:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 469173 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1264302 bytes, checksum: e68c7c79947a5c2f21eab8eb8bfce80d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-21T20:48:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 469173 - Texto Completo.pdf: 1264302 bytes, checksum: e68c7c79947a5c2f21eab8eb8bfce80d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-25 / Head and neck radiotherapy often involves major salivary glands and causes morphologic and functional alterations, resulting in hyposalivation and xerostomia. Literature was reviewed in the first manuscript, addressing the structural changes observed in the salivary glands resulting from oxidative stress caused by radiotherapy and pathogenic mechanisms involved. Preventive and regenerative therapies for altered acinar morphology and glandular function were also discussed. Among the acute and late microscopic alterations observed in glandular tissue, there are particularly changes indicative of cell death, hypovascularization, formation of fibrous tissue and edema. Considering the evidences before mentioned, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on radiotherapy-induced morphological changes and immunodetection of caspase-3 protein in parotids of mice. Forty-one Swiss mice were divided into a control group and three experimental groups: radiotherapy, 2 J laser and 4 J laser. The experimental groups were exposed to ionizing radiation in a single session of 10 Gy. In the laser groups, a GaAlAs laser (830 nm, 100 mW, 0.028 cm2, 3.57 W/cm2) was used on the region corresponding to the parotid glands, with 2 J energy (20 sec, 71 J/cm2) or 4 J (40 sec, 135 J/cm2) per point. The animals were euthanized 48 hours or seven days after radiotherapy and parotid glands were dissected for morphological analysis and immunodetection of caspase-3. There was no significant difference between groups in the immunodetection of caspase-3, but the laser groups had a lower percentage compared to the radiotherapy group. Furthermore, the results indicated that LLLT promoted the preservation of acinar structure, reduced the occurrence of cytoplasmic vacuolation and stimulated parotid gland vascularization. Of the two LLLT protocols, the one using 4 J of energy showed better results. Given the methodological limitations of this study, further researches should be conducted in irradiated animals, using different LLLT protocols and observing glandular response, not only in the short term but also long term, when the occurrence of late changes in the salivary glands can be analyzed. / A radioterapia direcionada ? regi?o de cabe?a e pesco?o frequentemente envolve as gl?ndulas salivares maiores, as quais sofrem altera??es morfol?gicas e funcionais, resultando em hipossaliva??o e xerostomia. No primeiro artigo desta disserta??o foi realizada uma revis?o da literatura com o objetivo de abordar as altera??es estruturais observadas nas gl?ndulas salivares e os poss?veis mecanismos patog?nicos pelos quais o estresse oxidativo, decorrente da radioterapia, causa disfun??es salivares. Al?m disso, foram revisados os m?todos de preven??o e regenera??o da morfologia acinar e da fun??o glandular. Entre as altera??es microsc?picas agudas e tardias observadas no tecido glandular irradiado, podem-se citar altera??es indicativas de morte celular como a apoptose, hipovasculariza??o, forma??o de tecido fibroso e edema. Considerando as evid?ncias anteriormente mencionadas, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, em gl?ndulas par?tidas de camundongos, o efeito da terapia laser de baixa pot?ncia (TLBP) sobre altera??es morfol?gicas causadas pela radioterapia e na imunodetec??o da prote?na caspase-3. Quarenta e um camundongos Swiss foram distribu?dos em um grupo controle e tr?s grupos experimentais: radioterapia, laser 2 J e laser 4 J. Os grupos experimentais foram submetidos ? radia??o ionizante em sess?o ?nica de 10 Gy. Nos grupos laser, um laser de diodo, GaAlAs (830 nm, 100 mW, 0,028 cm2, 3,57 W/cm2) foi utilizado de forma pontual sobre a regi?o correspondente ?s gl?ndulas par?tidas, com energia de 2 J (20 seg, 71 J/cm2) ou 4 J (40 seg, 135 J/cm2) por ponto. Os animais foram eutanasiados 48 h ou sete dias ap?s a radioterapia e as gl?ndulas par?tidas dissecadas para an?lise morfol?gica e imunodetec??o da caspase-3. N?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os grupos na imunodetec??o da caspase-3, entretanto, os grupos laser apresentaram percentuais inferiores aos do grupo radioterapia. Al?m disso, os resultados indicaram que a TLBP promoveu preserva??o da estrutura acinar, reduziu a ocorr?ncia de vacuoliza??o citoplasm?tica e estimulou a vasculariza??o glandular. Entre os protocolos de TLBP, o que utilizou a energia de 4 J apresentou os melhores resultados. Tendo em vista as limita??es metodol?gicas desta pesquisa, mais estudos devem ser conduzidos em animais irradiados, utilizando diferentes protocolos de TLPB e observando a resposta glandular, n?o apenas em curto prazo, como tamb?m em longo prazo, quando a ocorr?ncia de altera??es tardias nas gl?ndulas salivares pode ser analisada.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-08-25T20:42:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JamileMarinhoBezerraDeOliveiraMoura_TESE.pdf: 18433655 bytes, checksum: e3b33cd1bc7a5e8e3f1a6cdd83ebdcbd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-08-26T20:02:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JamileMarinhoBezerraDeOliveiraMoura_TESE.pdf: 18433655 bytes, checksum: e3b33cd1bc7a5e8e3f1a6cdd83ebdcbd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-26T20:02:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JamileMarinhoBezerraDeOliveiraMoura_TESE.pdf: 18433655 bytes, checksum: e3b33cd1bc7a5e8e3f1a6cdd83ebdcbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / As neoplasias de gl?ndulas salivares exibem uma ampla variedade de comportamento biol?gico e grande diversidade morfol?gica, e esta heterogeneidade inerente a este grupo de tumores suscita o interesse em pesquisar estas les?es. As c?lulas-tronco s?o a principal fonte para a gera??o e manuten??o da diversidade celular e homeostase do tecido, dist?rbios na regula??o destas c?lulas podem levar ? produ??o de c?lulas-tronco alteradas, denominadas de c?lulas-tronco tumorais, que possuem potencial proliferativo e capazes de originar e/ou manter o tumor. Pesquisas acerca das c?lulas-tronco tumorais e das prote?nas a elas associadas em algumas neoplasias orais t?m sido desenvolvidas, no entanto, o papel destas em neoplasias de gl?ndulas salivares n?o est? ainda bem estabelecido. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar c?lulas do par?nquima tumoral que expressam marcadores de c?lulas-tronco tumorais, atrav?s da avalia??o da imunoexpress?o do OCT4 e CD44, em uma s?rie de casos de neoplasias de gl?ndulas salivares. A amostra foi constitu?da por 20 adenomas pleom?rficos, 20 carcinomas mucoepiderm?ides e 20 carcinomas aden?ides c?sticos localizados nas gl?ndulas salivares menores e maiores. Todos os casos estudados exibiram express?o positiva para OCT4 e CD44, sendo observado que para ambos marcadores, as neoplasias localizadas nas gl?ndulas salivares maiores exibiram maior imunomarca??o quando comparada com as les?es das gl?ndulas salivares menores apresentando diferen?a estatisticamente significativa (p=<0,001). Na amostra total e no grupo das gl?ndulas salivares menores, as neoplasias malignas exibiram maior imunorreatividade para OCT4 do que o adenoma pleom?rfico. No entanto, n?o foi encontrada diferen?as estatisticamente significativas de imunoexpress?es entre as les?es e entre suas classifica??es/grada??es histomorfol?gicas. Analisando a correla??o entre as imunoexpress?es de OCT4 e CD44 foi observada uma correla??o positiva moderada (r=0,444) com signific?ncia estat?stica entre os mesmos. A elevada express?o de OCT4 e CD44 pode indicar que estas prote?nas desempenham papel importante na identifica??o de c?lulas-tronco tumorais, permitindo uma previs?o do comportamento biol?gico das neoplasias de gl?ndula salivar, apresentando n?veis menores em tumores benignos e maiores nos tumores malignos. / Salivary gland neoplasms exhibit a wide variety of biological behavior and a high morphological diversity raises the interest in researching these lesions. The stem cells are the main source for the generation and maintenance of cell diversity, disorders in the regulation of these cells can lead to the production of altered stem cells, termed cancer stem cells capable of generate the tumor. Researches on cancer stem cells and associated proteins have been developed in some oral cancers; however, their role in salivary gland neoplasms is not well established. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the tumor parenchyma cells exhibiting stem cell characteristics, by evaluating the immunoreactivity of OCT4 and CD44, in a number of cases of salivary gland neoplasms. The sample consisted of 20 pleomorphic adenomas, 20 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 20 adenoid cystic carcinoma located in minor and major salivary glands. The expression of OCT4 and CD44 was evaluated by the percentage of positive cells (PP) and the intensity of expression (IE), it is realized the sum of the scores, resulting in the total score immunostaining (PIT) ranging 0-7. All studied cases showed positive expression of OCT4 and CD44 and higher values than the control groups. It was observed that for OCT4 luminal cells and non-luminal were immunostained in the case of pleomorphic adenomas and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Already the immunoreactivity of CD44 was particularly evident in the non-luminal cells of these lesions. In mucoepidermoid carcinomas for both markers, there was immunoreactivity in squamous and intermediate cells and absence of staining mucous cells. For both markers, a statistically significant higher immunostaining was verified in neoplasms located in the major salivary glands compared with lesions in the minor salivary (p<0.001). At the total sample and in the group of minor salivary glands, malignant neoplasms exhibited higher immunoreactivity for OCT4 than pleomorphic adenoma. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the lesions and between their classifications histomorphologic. Analyzing the correlation between OCT4 and CD44 immunoexpressions, a statistically significant moderate positive correlation (r = 0.444) was observed. The high expression of OCT4 and CD44 may indicate that these proteins play an important role in identifying cancer stem cells, allowing a prediction of biological behavior of salivary gland neoplasms.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-01-20T21:18:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KeilaMarthaAmorimBarroso_TESE.pdf: 21818921 bytes, checksum: 6e052052d865c5daec54b63d43d919f5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-22T20:15:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KeilaMarthaAmorimBarroso_TESE.pdf: 21818921 bytes, checksum: 6e052052d865c5daec54b63d43d919f5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-22T20:15:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KeilaMarthaAmorimBarroso_TESE.pdf: 21818921 bytes, checksum: 6e052052d865c5daec54b63d43d919f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / As neoplasias de gl?ndulas salivares exibem uma grande diversidade morfol?gica e comportamentos biol?gicos variados o que suscita o interesse na pesquisa destas les?es. A dissemina??o das c?lulas tumorais ? um passo inicial para a progress?o de neoplasias malignas e, dentro deste contexto, os vasos linf?ticos neoformados s?o considerados essenciais para que ocorra essa dissemina??o. O papel do VEGF (fator de crescimento endotelial vascular) na forma??o dos vasos ? fato conhecido mas, pouco se sabe a respeito de sua participa??o em tumores de gl?ndula salivar. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a express?o do VEGF-C e VEGF-D, a densidade linf?tica tumoral (D2-40) e a prolifera??o endotelial linf?tica (dupla marca??o D2-40/Ki-67) em uma s?rie de neoplasias de gl?ndulas salivares. A amostra foi composta por 20 adenomas pleom?rficos, 20 carcinomas aden?ides c?sticos, 20 carcinomas mucoepiderm?ides e 10 casos de tecido glandular salivar com caracter?sticas de normalidade para efeito comparativo. Todos os casos estudados exibiram express?o positiva para VEGF-C em regi?o peritumoral e intratumoral, n?o sendo encontrada diferen?as de imunoexpress?o entre os grupos. No entanto, o grupo dos carcinomas aden?ides c?sticos demonstrou diferen?a significativa da imunoexpress?o do VEGF-C segundo o padr?o cribriforme e s?lido (p = 0,004). A maioria dos casos constantes do presente estudo, apresentou fraca marca??o para VEGF-D em regi?o peritumoral e intratumoral. Na avalia??o da densidade endotelial linf?tica peritumoral, intratumoral e total, os grupos estudados revelaram um gradiente crescente, com valores menores para o grupo dos adenomas pleom?rficos, seguido dos carcinomas mucoepiderm?ides e carcinomas aden?ides c?sticos. A densidade endotelial linf?tica foi maior entre os tumores malignos do que nos tumores benignos. N?o foi observada correla??o entre a imunoexpress?o de VEGF-C e VEGF-D em rela??o a densidade linf?tica tumoral e a prolifera??o endotelial linf?tica / Salivary gland neoplasms exhibit a great morphological diversity and varied biological behavior which raises the interest in the study of these lesions. The spread of tumor cells is an early step in the progression of malignancies and the neoformed lymphatic vessels are considered essential in tumor dissemination. Vascular endotelial growth fator (VEGF) is a family of proteins involved in angiogenesis e lymphangiogenesis. However, in salivar tumors we have limited information on the expression. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D, lymphatic vessel density (single-staining D2-40) and lymphatic endothelial proliferation (double labeling D2-40/Ki-67) in a series of salivary glands neoplasms. We selected 20 cases of pleomorphic adenoma, 20 of mucoepidermoide carcinoma, 20 of adenoid cystic carcinoma and 10 tissue sample of normal salivary gland. All cases studied showed positive expression of VEGF-C in intratumoral and peritumoral region, no differences in immunoreactivity was found between the groups. However, the group of adenoid cystic carcinoma showed a significant difference in immunoreactivity of VEGF-C by the cribriform and solid pattern (p = 0.004). Most of the cases included in this study showed weak immunoreactivity for VEGF-D in intratumoral and peritumoral region. In the assessment of lymphatic endotelial density peritumoral, intratumoral and total, the groups showed an increasing gradient, with lower values for the group of pleomorphic adenomas followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Lymphatic endothelial cell density was higher in malignant than benign tumors. No correlation was observed between the immunoreactivity of VEGF-C and VEGF-D in relation to tumor lymphatic density and lymphatic endothelial proliferation

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:32:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LucileideCO_DISSERT.pdf: 2248988 bytes, checksum: f9aafad24354c13fb349a052f5b90d8e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The expression of glucose transporter protein 1 (GLUT-1), as well the angiogenesis has been associated to clinical behavior and aggressiveness in tumors of various origin. It is believed that the expression of this protein denotes metabolic demand of the tumor cells and, thus its influence upon the formation of new blood vessels. Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and the adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) represent, respectively, the most commom benign and malignant tumors of salivary glands. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the immunohistochemical expression of GLUT-1 and its correlation with angiogenesis in cases of PAs, ACCs and MECs considering their histological grades. The sample consisted of 20 PAs, 20 ACCs and 10 MECs. The cases were analyzed and classified according to their histological grades. The expression of GLUT-1 was evaluated in the parenchyma lesions, establishing the percentage of immunopositive cells, according to the following scores: 0 (no cell immunomarked), 1 (up to 25% of tumor cells immunostained), 2 (25 - 50% of tumor cells immunostained) and 3 (more than 50% of tumor cells immunostained). The angiogenic index was analyzed by counting the microvessels immunostained by anti-CD34 antibody, in 5 fields (200X). The analysis of the expression of GLUT-1 in tumor parenchyma showed statistically significant differences between benign and malignant groups (p = 0.022). The average number of microvessels in PAs was 40.4, 21.2 in ACCs and 66.5 in MECs, with significant differences between groups (p <0.001). When compared to the expression of GLUT-1 and angiogenic index as a whole, there was no significant correlation between the number of microvessels and the expression of GLUT-1 (r = 0.211, p = 0.141). In conclusion, the results of this study suggest not only that differences in biological behavior between PAs, ACCs and MECs may be associated to the expression of GLUT-1, but also that benign and malignant salivary gland present differences in the average number of microvessels, with higher levels considered more aggressive tumors. Furthermore, the number of newly formed microvessels can be independent of the metabolic demand of the tumor cells / A express?o da prote?na transportadora de glicose tipo 1 (GLUT-1), bem como a angiog?nese, t?m sido relacionadas ao comportamento cl?nico e agressividade em neoplasias de origem diversas. Acredita-se que a express?o desta prote?na denote a demanda metab?lica das c?lulas tumorais e, assim, a sua influ?ncia na forma??o de novos vasos sanguineos. O adenoma pleom?rfico (AP) e o carcinoma adenoide c?stico (CAC) e carcinoma mucoepiderm?ide (CME) representam, respectivamente, a neoplasia benigna e as malignas mais frequentes das gl?ndulas salivares. O prop?sito deste estudo foi comparar a express?o imuno-histoqu?mica da GLUT-1, bem como correlacionar com a angiog?nese em casos de APs, CACs e CMEs levando em considera??o suas grada??es histol?gicas. A amostra foi composta por 20 APs, 20 CACs e 10 CMEs os quais foram classificados de acordo com os graus histol?gicos apresentados. A express?o da GLUT-1 foi avaliada no par?nquima das les?es, estabelecendo-se o percentual de c?lulas imunopositivas, de acordo com os escores: 0 (nenhuma c?lula imunomarcada), 1 (at? 25% das c?lulas tumorais imunomarcadas), 2 (de 25-50% das c?lulas tumorais imunomarcadas) e 3 (mais de 50% das c?lulas tumorais imunomarcadas). O ?ndice angiog?nico foi analisado por meio da contagem de microvasos imunomarcados pelo anticorpo anti-CD34, em 5 campos (200x). A an?lise da express?o da GLUT-1 revelou diferen?as estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos benignos e malignos (p = 0,022). O n?mero m?dio de microvasos foi de 40,4 em APs, 21,2 em CACs e 66,5 em CMEs, com diferen?as significativas entre os grupos (p < 0,001). Quando comparadas a express?o da GLUT-1 com o ?ndice angiog?nico em conjunto, n?o foi evidenciada correla??o significativa entre a quantidade de microvasos e a express?o da GLUT-1 (r = 0,211; p = 0,141). Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que as diferen?as no comportamento biol?gico entre APs, CACs e CMEs podem estar relacionadas ? express?o da GLUT-1 e que tumores benignos e malignos de gl?ndulas salivares exibem diferen?as no n?mero m?dio de microvasos, com maiores ?ndices nos tumores considerados mais agressivos. Al?m disto, o n?mero de microvasos neoformados pode ser independente da demanda metab?lica das c?lulas tumorais