DNA repair in Gossypium barbadense L. cotyledonary tissue was examined in vivo during early germination. DNA strand breaks were initiated by applying ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) during seed imbibition. Strand rejoining was monitored through a period of EMS induced DNS synthesis by means of velocity sedimentation analysis. There was an absence of DNA molecular weight increase as disclosed by the sedimentation profiles. It is presumed velocity sedimentation evaluation was insensitive for detecting in vivo restoration of cotyledonous DNA strand breaks. The altered DNA synthesis response perceived within treated seedling cotyledons perhaps reflects, but does not establish the operation of a cellular mutagenic repair system. EMS induced morphological mutant cotton plants arising during the course of this investigation were cytologically identified as possessing duplicate-deficient chromosomes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:18:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VanessaCA.pdf: 646559 bytes, checksum: c4d39e71466fdbb125afc0cc2a1a70d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-27 / Brazil has been considered one of the diversity centers of Gossypium barbadense species. It is believed that a relatively big erosion genetic process occurs with the species, due to economic, cultural and agricultural problems. A local diagnostic about species situation is the first step for reducing the diversity loss and establishing conservation strategies in situ. This research aimed the identification of the presence of Gossypium populations, characterization, determination of the main risks and collection of the accesses to store in germoplam banks, in Para and Amapa States. Expeditions were conducted in November 2004. An interview was carried out with the plant proprietor for characterizing in situ of G. barbadense species and of the environment where the plants were inserted. On hundred seventy nine plants in 22 municipal districts were collected in Para State and 117 plants in nine municipal districts in Amapa State. The majority of plants belong to G. barbadense species (98% in Amapa and 94% in Para). Plants occur in back yards, beside roads and spontaneously. That ones from back yards were more abundant (97% in Amapa and 95% in Para) and maintained as medicinal plants as the principal reason. Plants in natural environments in both states evaluated were not found, therefore, the creation of reserves and the application of others conventional methods of maintenance in situ are not applicable. The plant proprietors do not use to store or process seeds. Seed storage was reported as a practice by only 1% of the plant proprietors from Para and 11% from Amapa. The most plants collected were from two to three years of age (58% in Amapa and 93% in Para). As conclusions G. barbadense is the species most spread in the two studied states and are found in back yards. In Amapa State the botanical variety barbadense or Quebradinho is predominant, whereas in Para State the predominant variety is brasiliense or Rim-de-boi. Adequate conservation of thestudied species must be carried out in germoplasm collections maintained ex situ / O Brasil ? considerado um dos centros de diversidade da esp?cie Gossypium barbadense. Acredita-se que grande parte da variabilidade gen?tica de G. barbadense esteja sendo perdida, em virtude de problemas econ?micos, culturais e agr?colas. O primeiro passo para reduzir a perda de diversidade e estabelecer estrat?gias de conserva??o in situ ? realizar um diagn?stico de como a esp?cie se encontra nos locais em que ocorre. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar popula??es de Gossypium presentes no estado do Par? e Amap?, caracteriz?-Ias, determinar os principais riscos e coletar acessos para armazenamento em bancos de germoplasma. Foram realizadas expedi??es em Novembro de 2004, e a caracteriza??o in situ de G. barbadense foi realizada por entrevista do propriet?rio da planta e da an?lise do ambiente em que as plantas estavam inseridas. Foram coletadas 179 plantas em 22 munic?pios no estado do Par? e 117 plantas em nove munic?pios no estado do Amap?. A maioria das plantas pertence ? esp?cie G. barbadense (98% no Amap? e 94% no Par?). As plantas ocorrem em fundo de quintal, beira de estrada e de modo espont?neo, sendo as de fundo de quintal bem mais abundantes (97% no Amap? e 95% no Par?) e mantidas com a finalidade principal de serem usadas como plantas medicinais. Os moradores n?o possuem o h?bito de armazenar e beneficiar as sementes, no Par? apenas 1 % dos propriet?rios relatou armazenar as sementes e no Amap? esse ?ndice foi de 11 %. A maioria das plantas coletadas tinha de dois a tr?s anos de idade (58% no Amap? e 93% no Par?). Conclui-se ent?o que G. barbadense ? a esp?cie mais difundida nos dois estados e que s?o encontradas em fundo de quintal. No estado do Amap? predomina a variedade bot?nica barbadense ou Quebradinho, enquanto que no Par? predomina a variedade brasiliense ou Rim-de-boi. N?o foram encontradas plantas em ambientes naturais nos dois estados, portanto a cria??o de reservase o emprego de outros m?todos convencionais de manuten??o in situ n?o parecem ser aplic?veis a G. barbadense em ambos os estados. A adequada conserva??o dessas esp?cies deve ser realizada em cole??es de germoplasma mantidas ex situ

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-06T14:26:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arthurladeiramacedo.pdf: 2377553 bytes, checksum: 6c4d490fea818c6c85a6c551bd1e3d26 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-06T14:50:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 arthurladeiramacedo.pdf: 2377553 bytes, checksum: 6c4d490fea818c6c85a6c551bd1e3d26 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-06T14:50:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arthurladeiramacedo.pdf: 2377553 bytes, checksum: 6c4d490fea818c6c85a6c551bd1e3d26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-17 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Folhas de Gossypium barbadense L. (Malvaceae), conhecido como algodoeiro, são utilizadas popularmente para o tratamento de corrimento vaginal. A principal etiologia é a vaginose bacteriana (VB). VB é uma infecção complexa, na qual várias bactérias anaeróbias estão presentes, sendo a de maior incidência Gardnerella vaginalis. VB causa o aumento do corrimento vaginal, lise de células epiteliais vaginais, podendo causar parto prematuro (PPM), e outras complicações durante a gravidez. O mecanismo de PPM não está totalmente elucidado, porém uma proposta bem aceita é a de inflamação das membranas fetais. No presente trabalho avaliaram-se as atividades de extratos brutos e frações semi-purificadas de folhas de G. barbadense: 1) contra G. vaginalis, 2) citotóxica contra Artemia salina, 3) na viabilidade celular de células saudáveis (3T3) e cancerosas (MCF7) e 4) antiinflamatória no perfil de citocinas (IL-17, TNF- e INF-) e NO. Além disso, foi realizado o perfil cromatográfico dos extratos e frações semi-purificadas em CCD, CLAE-DAD e CG-EM e o isolamento de um flavonoide que foi identificado utilizandose RMN 1H, COSY e HSQC como sendo uma quercetina com substituição na hidroxila do carbono 3. Os extratos e frações polares mostram-se ricos em flavonoides, enquanto os apolares mostraram-se ricos em terpenoides e ácidos graxos saturados e insaturados. A fração diclorometânica (FDM) do extrato bruto metanólico (EBM) apresentou substâncias dos extratos polares e apolares. EBM e FDM apresentaram atividade expressiva contra G. vaginalis, aparentemente devido ao sinergismo entre flavonoides e substâncias apolares. EBM e FDM não apresentaram citotoxicidade contra A. salina e, em conjunto com as frações hexânica (FH), e em acetato de etila de EBM (FAE), apresentaram aumento da viabilidade de 3T3 e o extrato bruto aquoso e FDM reduziram a de MCF7. O extrato bruto hexânico (EBH) apresentou melhor atividade anti-inflamatória. Os demais extratos apresentaram menor atividade. Extratos e frações de folhas de G. barbadense, principalmente EBM e FDM, apresentam potencial para futuros estudos in vivo visando a confirmação das atividades em sistemas biológicos complexos. / Gossypium barbadense L. (Malvaceae) leaves, known as cotton, have been used for vaginal discharge treatment. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the major etiology. BV is a complex infection, involving a wide variety of anaerobes, being Gardnerella vaginailis the most incident. BV increases the amount of vaginal discharge, causing epithelial cells’ lysis, it can cause, also, preterm delivery (PTD) and other complications during pregnancy, as well. PTD mechanism is not totally known, but the inflammation of fetal membranes is one accepted theory. The present work evaluated 1) antimicrobial against G. vaginalis, 2) cytotoxicity against Artemia salina, 3) cell viability of health (3T3) and cancer (MCF7) cells and 4) anti-inflammatory evaluating cytokines (IL-17, TNF- e INF-) and NO activities of crude extracts and semi-purified fractions of G. barbadense leaves. Moreover, the chromatographic profile of crude extracts and semi-purified fractions were evaluated by TLC, HPLC-DAD and GC-MS. A flavonoid was isolated, being elucidated as a replaced quercetin, probably in hydroxyl group of carbon 3, by NMR 1H, COSY and HSQC. Flavonoids were abundant in polar extracts and fractions, and fatty acids and terpenoids were abundant in nonpolar ones. Polar and nonpolar compounds were observed in dichloromethane fraction (DMF) of methanol crude extract (MCE). MCE and DMF showed a expressive activity against G. vaginalis and the synergism between flavonoids and nonpolar substances appear to be crucial. MCE and DMF do not show cytotoxicity against A. salina, and with the hexane fraction (HF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) of MCE showed an increase in cell viability of 3T3. Aqueous crude extract and DMF reduced the cell viability of MCF7. A most promising anti-inflammatory activity was presented by hexanic crude extract. Other crude extracts showed a less intense activity. G. barbadense leaves extracts and semi-purified fractions, chiefly MCE and DMF, presented good potential for future in vivo studies seeking the confirmation of these activities in complex biological systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:44:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_blanca_acuna_idrogo.pdf: 2513627 bytes, checksum: 04a4e68c1763a9929f1a4cfa61b1b413 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-17 / The present reseaech paper was made in the District,Province and Region Lambayeque located in northern Perú during the agricultura seasons: 2004-2005, 2005- 2007 and 2006-2007. The objetive was to evaluate the entomo fauna behavior and the This research work is run in the District, Province and Region Lambayeque, Peru during the crop season 2004-2005, 2005-2006 and 2006 - 2007 with the objective of evaluating the behavior of the entomofauna and yield potential native cotton (Gossypium barbadense L Ssp. Peruvianum).) cotton called "country". The crop was installed in June 2004 beginning with a nursery, in an area corresponding to Ferreñafe Sican Museum and its final installation in the field of Sipan Museum in Lambayeque, at an altitude of 29 meters, average temperature 22.5 º C, humidity on 75% and an average rainfall of 24 mm. 1.333 plants were installed. Also served to assess the ecotypes of color, material valued for its natural color, with a genetic resource of great value to work rescuing this poor germplasm, which is in danger of extisiòn due to the introduction of commercial hybrid , that would put in risk so precious ancestral legacy. We found significant genetic variation in all attributes evaluated. Ferreñafe province had the highest genetic variability in fiber color, the colored ecotypes present five out of nine. The most critical phases of pest attack were sprouting, fruiting and capsule opening. There was a low infestation of worm borer leaf Bucculatrix thurberiella, "Arrebiatadas" Dysdercus peruvianus "Peruvian beaked" Anthonomus vestitus and "wart mite" Acaliptus gossypii, mainly due to unsuitable conditions for their development. The native cotton crop will be greatly affected by the attack of pests if not done an adequate integrated pest management. The more promising ecotypes were: Orange-face, Fine red, white and pink White simple, 2903, 1880, 1642 and 1.24 kilos per plant, respectively. For weight of weed, highlights the ecotypes: Fine Colorado Claro Fifo 3.95 to 2.96 g, respectively, was found in the first harvest of the arboretum A , a greater number of fruit branches with 43,797 branches, with respect to the soca harvest, which formed only 10,643 fruit branches. In the arboretum "B", the results were the same trend. Sample sizes were adequate and representative of the population. The data had a normal or approximately normal distribution. / El presente trabajo de investigación se ejecutó en el Distrito, Provincia y Región Lambayeque-Perú, durante las campañas agrícola 2004-2005, 2005-2006 y 2006- 2007 con el objetivo de evaluar, el comportamiento de la entomofauna y el potencial de rendimiento de algodones nativos (Gossypium barbadense L. Ssp. Peruvianum) , denominado algodón del país . El cultivo se instaló en Junio 2004 iniciándose con un vivero, en un área correspondiente al Museo Sicán de Ferreñafe y su instalación definitiva en el ámbito del Museo de Sipán, en Lambayeque. Se instalaron 1,333 plantones. Además sirvió para evaluar los ecotipos de color, material valioso por su coloración natural, siendo un recurso genético de gran valor para trabajos de rescate de este escaso germoplasma, que se encuentra en peligro de extinción debido a la introducción de híbridos comerciales y cultivares transgénicos, que pondrían en riesgo tan preciado legado ancestral. Se encontró variabilidad genética significativa en todos los atributos evaluados. La provincia de Ferreñafe presentó la mayor variabilidad genética en color de fibra, al presentar cinco ecotipos coloreados de un total de nueve. Las fases más críticas para el ataque de plagas fueron en brotamiento, fructificación y apertura de cápsulas. El cultivo de algodón nativo se verá muy afectado por el ataque de plagas si no se realiza un adecuado manejo integrado de plagas. Los ecotipos más rendidores fueron: Anaranjado-Ante, fino colorado, blanco rosáceo y blanco simple, con 2.903, 1.880, 1.642 y 1.24 kilogramos por planta, respectivamente. Para peso de mota, sobresalieron los ecotipos: Fino colorado y fifo claro con 3.95 a 2.96 g, respectivamente, se encontró en la primera cosecha del arboretum A , en mayor número de ramas fruteras con 43.797 ramas, con respecto a la cosecha soca , que solo formó 10.643 ramas fruteras. En el arboretum B , los resultados tuvieron la misma tendencia.