1993--Diss., 1993.

Thesis (MA (General Linguistics))--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study focuses on the internal structure of the passive participle in Afrikaans from within the framework of Nanosyntax. The ternary mode of classification, adopted by Caha (2007), Embick (2003;2004) and Kratzer (2000), is taken as background for the analysis of the Afrikaans passive participle; the analysis is done according to the nanosyntactic account of verb event structure which was first proposed by Ramchand (2008), and adopted by Lundquist (2008) in his study of the passive participle in Swedish. The aim of the study is to determine whether the ternary classification of passive participles and the general nanosyntactic structure proposed by Lundquist for the passive participle in Swedish provide an adequate framework for the analysis of such participles in Afrikaans. Two alternative proposals, namely for a binary and a quaternary classification of passive participles, are also critically examined. The morphological difference between predicative and attributive passive participles in Afrikaans suggests that, if both the ternary classification and Lundquist.s proposal for the internal structure of passive participles are to be maintained, a structural account for this difference should be provided from within the Nanosyntactic framework. In this regard, a possible structure is suggested and discussed in Chapter 4. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op die interne struktuur van die passiewe deelwoord in Afrikaans binne die raamwerk van Nanosintaksis. Die drieledige klassifikasie, wat gevolg word deur Caha (2007), Embick (2003; 2004) en Kratzer (2000), dien as agtergrond vir die analise van die Afrikaanse passiewe deelwoord. Die analise is gebaseer op Ramchand (2008) se voorstelle oor die nanosintaktiese struktuur van werkwoorde; hierdie voorstelle word ook gevolg deur Lundquist (2008) in sy analise van die passiewe deelwoord in Sweeds. Die hoofoogmerk van hierdie studie is om te bepaal of die drieledige klassifikasie van passiewe deelwoorde en die algemene nanosintaktiese struktuur wat deur Lundquist voorgestel word, 'n toereikende raamwerk bied vir die analise van die verskillende Afrikaanse passiewe deelwoorde. Twee alternatiewe voorstelle, naamlik vir 'n tweeledige en vierledige klassifikasie, word ook krities ondersoek. Die morfologiese verskil tussen predikatiewe en attributiewe passiewe deelwoorde in Afrikaans dui daarop dat, indien beide die drieledige klassifikasie en Lundquist se voorstel vir die interne struktuur van passiewe deelwoorde gehandhaaf sou word, 'n strukturele verklaring van hierdie verskil gebied moet word binne die Nanosintaktiese raamwerk. In die verband word 'n moontlike struktuur voorgestel en bespreek in Hoofstuk 4.

Abstract This study deals with the grammar sections in one older and one newer textbook series for Swedish in grades 7–9. The questions for the study are: firstly, the scope of the teaching materials, the content and the number of exercises, and secondly if the content presentation can be classified as deductive or inductive, and if the design of exercises is mainly product or process-oriented. Furthermore the relationship between the goals of the national curriculum and progression in grades 7–9 is investigated. The method chosen for this study is a text analysis. The results show that both textbook series contain similar content for word classes, that the material presentation is predominantly deductive and that most exercises are product-oriented. Differences that can be seen are that the older teaching series contain more pages devoted to word classes and parts of speech and more exercises. Furthermore, the older textbooks series show a clearer progression to the curriculum goals. The conclusions are that the two teaching materials have difficulties to deviate from the focus on grammatical terminology, but also to link grammar to students' own writing.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Una variable lingüística de Hispanoamérica: Cómo incorporar el voseo al español de nuestros estudiantes En esta investigación se hará una descripción histórica y lingüística del voseo. La metodología de este estudio consta primero de un breve análisis bibliográfico de estudios anteriores sobre la historia del español hasta llegar al fenómeno del voseo y los factores que afectaron su evolución y distribución en Hispanoamérica. La segunda parte consiste en un análisis sociolingüístico de un cuestionario para alumnos de español intermedio con el fin de investigar si los estudiantes conocen o no el vos. La tercera parte es una discusión de las preguntas que este trabajo intenta responder enfocándose en la importancia y valoración que el voseo puede tener en nuestras aulas.

The syllabus for English 5 in Swedish upper secondary school has a strong communicative focus, and grammar is only explicitly mentioned once throughout the syllabus. This raised my interest about the role and importance of explicit grammar teaching in Swedish upper secondary schools. The aim of this thesis is to review the effectiveness of explicit and implicit grammar instruction in second language learning contexts. To guide the research, the following research questions were formulated: 1) What are the effects of explicit grammar instruction on L2 learners' grammar knowledge? 2) What are the effects of implicit grammar instruction on L2 learners' grammar knowledge? 3) How are these effects sustained in the long term? Subsequently, empirical articles on the topic were read and analysed to answer the research questions. The results showed that explicit grammar instruction was more effective than implicit grammar instruction, although in some cases relating to the complexity of structures, explicit grammar instruction was found to be more effective for complex structure. Explicit grammar instruction facilitated the learning of both explicit and implicit knowledge whereas implicit grammar instruction primarily facilitated learning of implicit knowledge. Also, explicit grammar instruction showed positive effects for receptive and productive skills, while implicit instruction primarily benefitted receptive skills. Lastly, results showed that explicit instruction needed to be accompanied by follow-up instruction or communicative tasks in order to facilitate long-term effects. In the only longitudinal study reviewed, it was concluded that exposure to naturalistic language was more important than the type of explicit grammar instruction (FonF vs. FonFs) in predicting language proficiency. Thus, it can be argued that explicit grammar instruction should have a significant role in second language classrooms, although either incidentally or intentionally accompanied by communicative or consciousness-raising tasks.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1933 M32

This thesis puts forward a specialized, functional grammar of cause and effect withinthe sub-genre of biomedical research articles. Building on research into the localgrammars of dictionary definitions and evaluation, the thesis describes the applicationof a corpus-driven methodology to description of the principal lexical grammaticalpatterns which underpin causation in scientific writing. The source of data is the 2million-word Halmstad Biomedical Corpus constructed from 589 on-line researcharticles published since 1997. These articles were sampled in accordance with astandard library classification system across the broad spectrum of the biomedicalresearch literature. On the basis of lexical grammatical patterns identified in thecorpus, a total of five functional sub-types of causation are put forward. The localgrammar itself is a description of these sub-types based on the Hallidayian notion ofsystem along the syntagm coupled with the identification of the paradigmatic contentsof these systems as a closed set of 37 semantic categories specific to the biomedicaldomain. A preliminary evaluation of the grammar is then offered in terms of handparsingexperiments using a test corpus. Finally potential NLP applications of thegrammar are described in terms of on-line information extraction, ontology buildingand text summary.

No description available.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2004. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the mass nouns in Tshivenda. The specific mass nouns in each nominal class will then be investigated to see whether they have certain morphological and syntactic features which are different from count nouns. Chapter one is the introduction of this study. It describes the aim, organisation and method of the study. Chapter two is the overview of the literature on mass nouns. It gives overview of the most prominent words on mass nouns in general. Some of the prominent works on this alternation include the following: Pelletier (1979a, 1979b,); Ware (1979), Cartwright (1979), McCawley (1979) Chierchia (1982), Link (1983) and Eschenbach (1993). Chapter three investigates which nouns may be mass nouns, the purpose of the classification of nouns in wordnet, nominal classes in Tshivenda and the morphological and syntactic features of mass and count nouns. Chapter four is the conclusion of the study, the summary as well as investigation into the morphological, syntactic and semantic feature of plurality. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die meervoudige naamwoorde in Tshivenda. Die spesifieke meervoudige naamwoorde sal elkeen in sy normale klas geondersoek word om te sien of hulle sekere morfologiese en sintaktiese eienskappe het, wat nie ooreen stem met tel naamwoorde. Hoofstuk 1 is die inleiding van hierdie studie. Dit beskryf die doelwit, organisasie en metode van die studie. Hoofstuk 2 is ‘n oorsig van die literatuur aangaande meervoudige naamwoorde. Hierdie is ‘n oorsig van die mees prominente meervoudige naamwoorde in die algemeen. Sommige van die prominente werke van hierdie nasie sluit die volgende in: Pelletier 91979a; 1979b), Ware (1979), Cartwright (1979), McCawley (1979), Chierchia (1982), Link (1983) en Eschenbach (1993). Hoofstuk 3 identifiseer meervoudige naamwoorde. Die doel van die klasifikasie van naamwoorde in woordnet, normale klassie in Tshivenda en die morfologiese en sintaktiese eienskappe van meervoudigheid. Hoofstuk 4 is die konklusie van die studie, die opsomming as ook die ondersoek in die morfologiese, sinktaktiese en semantieke eienskappe van meervoudigheid.

Thesis (MA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study aims at the investigation of negation in IsiXhosa with the main emphasis on negative morphemes and negative constituents. This study exammes negative morphemes that effect negation m verbs such as copulative and non-copulative verbs in all moods and tenses. This investigation will take the Noun Phrase as the centre of focus. NP will be examined with both specified and unspecified noun as head. Chapter one deals with the brief overview of negation in syntax with special emphasis on negation as an inflectional category and on the structure of functional phrases. Chapter two investigate the negative morphemes in the different moods with different tenses. These moods will be considered with regard to copulative and non-copulative verbs. Secondly this chapter explores negative construction involving the copulative verb and its complements which include the NP, adjective, relative, PP with NGA and PP with na. Deficient verbs properties are explored. Chapter three aims at investigating the possibilities of putting different constituents of a sentence in the negative. These possibilities include subject inversion, clefting and etc. Modal structure theory is applied. Chapter four aims at summarizing the findings contained in the previous chapters. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het as doel 'n ondersoek na die negatief in Xhosa, veral die negatiewe morfeme en die negatiewe konstituente. Dit ondersoek negatiewe morfeme wat 'n invloed het op die negatief in werkwoorde soos die kopulatiewe en nie-kopulatiewe werkwoorde in alle modi en tye. Hierdie ondersoek het as fokuspunt die naamwoordgroep. Die naamwoordgroep is ondersoek met 'n gespesifiseerde en niegespesifiseerde naamwoord as kern. Hoofstuk een gee 'n kort oorsig oor die negatief in sintaksis met spesiale nadruk op die negatief as 'n infleksie kategorie en op die struktuur van funksionele frases. Hoofstuk twee ondersoek die negatiewe morfeme in die verskillende modi met verskillende tye. Hierdie modi is ondersoek met verwysing na kopulatiewe en niekopulatiewe werkwoorde. Tweedens, ondersoek hierdie hoofstuk die negatiewe konstruksie met die kopulatiewe werkwoord en sy komplemente wat insluit die naamwoordgroep, adjektief, relatief en preposisionele groepe met nga en na. Die eienskappe van hulpwerkwoorde is ook ondersoek. Hoofstuk drie ondersoek die moontlikhede om verskillende konstituente van 'n sin in die negatiefte plaas. Hierdie moontlikhede sluit in subjeksinversie en split. Hoofstuk vier gee 'n opsomming van die bevindings in die vorige hoofstukke.