The objectives of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of graded doses of c9, t11, t10, c12 CLA isomers on body composition, energy expenditure, lipid profile and hepatic biomarkers in hamsters. Male Golden Syrian hamsters (n=105) were randomized to seven treatments (control; 1, 2, 3% of c9, t11; 1, 2, 3% of t10, c12) for 28 days. Compared with control, 1% and 3% t10, c12 had lowered food intake with all three doses of t10, c12 lowering (p<0.0001) body fat mass (g). Groups fed with 1, 2, 3% t10, c12 and 3% c9, t11 treatments showed higher lean mass compared to control and other treatment groups. However, neither body weights, nor serum HDL or triglyceride levels differed across treatment groups. The 3% t10, c12 groups exhibited higher (p<0.0001) cholesterol and LDL-C levels compared to control or other treatment groups. The 2% and 3% t10, c12 groups also presented elevated ALT level (p<0.05). The present data suggest that 3% t10, c12 possess potential adverse effects on liver and posing unfavorable change in lipid profile.

The objectives of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of graded doses of c9, t11, t10, c12 CLA isomers on body composition, energy expenditure, lipid profile and hepatic biomarkers in hamsters. Male Golden Syrian hamsters (n=105) were randomized to seven treatments (control; 1, 2, 3% of c9, t11; 1, 2, 3% of t10, c12) for 28 days. Compared with control, 1% and 3% t10, c12 had lowered food intake with all three doses of t10, c12 lowering (p<0.0001) body fat mass (g). Groups fed with 1, 2, 3% t10, c12 and 3% c9, t11 treatments showed higher lean mass compared to control and other treatment groups. However, neither body weights, nor serum HDL or triglyceride levels differed across treatment groups. The 3% t10, c12 groups exhibited higher (p<0.0001) cholesterol and LDL-C levels compared to control or other treatment groups. The 2% and 3% t10, c12 groups also presented elevated ALT level (p<0.05). The present data suggest that 3% t10, c12 possess potential adverse effects on liver and posing unfavorable change in lipid profile.

Almost all mammalian cells contain energy-producing organelles called mitochondria. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is a phospholipid which has been implicated to be important for mitochondrial function. The majority of mitochondrial PE is synthesized in mitochondria using the phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PSD) pathway. To test the hypothesis that PE made from the PSD pathway is required for mitochondrial function, three Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell lines with different PSD-pathway defects were studied. These three cell lines referred to as PSB-2, R-41, and PSD knockdown cells all had ~35% reductions in mitochondrial PE levels compared to the parental cell line. As a result, the mitochondria from all three cell lines have abnormally high sedimentation densities and increased membrane potentials. However, the energy production, motility, and morphologies of each type of mutant mitochondria were each distinctly different from their parental cell line. / Experimental Medicine

A Toxoplasmose é uma zoonose cosmopolita que ocorre principalmente em indivíduos imunodeprimidos, gestantes e em pacientes em terapia anti-câncer. Na Medicina Veterinária, animais como ovelhas, cabras e porcos são seriamente afetados podendo ocorrer abortos e com isto perdas significativas em termos econômicos. Atualmente não se dispõem de vacinas contra a toxoplasmose, mas tem-se desenvolvido modelos animais em ratas e camundongos para o ensaio imunológico contra a enfermidade. Os modelos atualmente utilizados, possuem limitações, por exemplo, não é possível ensaiar no modelo rata um imunógeno de Toxoplasma gondii, uma vez que todas as linhagens de ratas disponíveis são resistentes. Portanto não se pode ensaiar desafios vacinais altamente exigentes neste modelo. Por isso é aconselhável contar com experimentos efetuados em diversas espécies animais. Está sendo proposto testar o Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), com o intuito de estabelecer se é ou não um modelo que se aproxima das respostas esperadas nos humanos.Antes de se comprometer a custos muito elevados com ensaios finais de vacinações, o aconselhável é contar com ensaios em diversas espécies, pois os animais respondem de formas dIferentes aos mesmos imunógenos. Na transmissão congênita crônica dez Hamsters foram inoculados com 40 oocistos por via oral da cepa Me-49 do T.gondii e após sessenta dias foram postas para cruzarem com os machos. Obteve-se resultados promissores uma vez que a transmissão congênita aos seus filhotes nesta fase crônica da infecção foi nula. Na transmissão congênita aguda da infecção, obteve-se 42,9% de taxa de transmissão de T.gondii. Não foi observada a transmissão lactogênica, do toxoplasma, na fase aguda da infecção. / Taxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan disease that causes a lot of damage to immunocompromised people, pregnant women, patients who have had transplants and people undergoing anticancer therapy. Animals like sheep, goats and pigs are seriously affected causing abortions and consequently significant economic losses. This is why, the importance of studing the transmission, the mechanisms of transmission and the forms of infection. Currently, vaccines against toxoplasmosis are not available, but animals’ models, in rats and mice, have been developed to an immune assay against this disease. These models considered to the study have some limitations, however it is not possible to apply a toxoplasma immune assay on a rat model, because it is a susceptible race and it has already been proven that rats are resistant to toxoplasma. We proposed to test the hamster (Mesocrisetua auratus) with the intention of establishing if it is or not one model that approaches the same results expected on human beings, therefore before compromising high costs with final assays of vaccinations, the advisable thing to do is to turn to assays on diverse species, because animals have different answers to the same immune. We intended to test hamster (Mesocrisetus auratus), with the intention of establishing if it is or no a model that approaches the expected ansewer from diferential ways to the same strains. In the chronic congenital transmit, in Hamsters was obtained promising results because yours creates didn’t present title when their organs (liver and lung), they were bioassayed in mice and twenty five days after they were bled and their serum tested with direct agglutination of Desmonts and Remington (1980), confirming that the passage wasn’t made during the gestation of females infected before the conception. In the sharp congenital transmission of the infection, it was obtained 42,9% that passed to their descendants antibodies of T. gondii. In the lactogenic transmission, wasn’t have title for T.gondii

Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas. / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-17T05:15:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-09T00:44:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 143421.pdf: 1219914 bytes, checksum: 4ba81beae83d2cc1c3b259575e9a505b (MD5)

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas. Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós Graduação, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. / Submitted by Oliveira Flávia (flavia@sisbin.ufop.br) on 2014-11-27T16:26:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_EfeitoExcessoFerro.pdf: 970183 bytes, checksum: 0a7cf73e7b2faef98fd69c840a4672fc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Gracilene Carvalho (gracilene@sisbin.ufop.br) on 2014-11-27T17:59:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_EfeitoExcessoFerro.pdf: 970183 bytes, checksum: 0a7cf73e7b2faef98fd69c840a4672fc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-27T17:59:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_EfeitoExcessoFerro.pdf: 970183 bytes, checksum: 0a7cf73e7b2faef98fd69c840a4672fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / O aumento nos níveis de LDL e a diminuição de HDL têm sido apontados como fatores de risco para a aterosclerose e contribuído para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares (DCV). Por outro lado, estudos epidemiológicos e experimentais sugerem que o excesso de ferro, também, pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento dessas doenças. O objetivo do trabalho foi investigar o efeito do excesso de ferro sobre as diversas frações de lipídios séricos e homeostase do ferro em hamsters alimentados com dieta controle ou contendo colesterol. Golden Syrian Hamsters machos foram divididos em quatro grupos de acordo com o tratamento recebido: grupo controle (C) recebeu dieta controle; grupo CF recebeu dieta controle e excesso de ferro; grupo H recebeu dieta hipercolesterolêmica contendo 0,5g/100g de colesterol e grupo HF recebeu dieta hipercolesterolêmica e excesso de ferro. O experimento durou nove semanas e o excesso de ferro foi obtido através de injeções de ferro-dextran, na sétima semana na dose de 10mg/dia durante 5 dias. Os dados foram testados pela ANOVA, análise bivariada. Quando as alterações foram significativas, o teste de Tukey foi feito para determinar as diferenças específicas entre as médias. A diferença de p< 0,05 foi considerada significativa. O excesso de ferro aumentou (p<0,05) os níveis de colesterol plasmáticos em hamsters alimentados com dieta hipercolesterolêmica (4,370,73 mmol/L e 7,072,22 mmol/L para H e HF, respectivamente). O colesterol sérico não foi diferente entre os grupos C e CF (1,680,29 mmol/L e 1,930,37 mmol/L para C e CF, respectivamente). O excesso de ferro associado à dieta hipercolesterolêmica também aumentou as frações HDL e LDL colesterol (p<0,05). O tratamento com ferro-dextran aumentou o ferro sérico, a saturação de transferrina e a capacidade de ligação do ferro nos grupos CF e HF. A dieta hipercolesterolêmica aumentou o estresse oxidativo, avaliado pelos níveis séricos de 4-hidroxialquenal, mas o excesso de ferro não alterou as concentrações de 4-hidroxialquenal, malondialdeído, ou o status antioxidante total. Nossos resultados sugerem que a dieta hipercolesterolêmica aumenta o colesterol sérico e proporcionalmente as demais frações nos hamsters e que o tratamento com ferro, quando associado à dieta hipercolesterolêmica, potencializa tais aumentos, que o excesso de ferro não afeta o status antioxidante e que o hamster pode ser um bom modelo para explorar mecanismos que favorecem nosso entendimento sobre a relação ferro/lipídios. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ / ABSTRACT: Epidemiological and experimental data suggest that iron excess may contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). As increased LDL-cholesterol, decreased HDL-cholesterol has been implicated as risk factors for atherosclerosis; the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iron overload on serum lipid profile in hamsters fed control or hypercholesterolemic diets. Male Golden Syrian Hamsters were divided into four groups. The control group (C) was fed a control diet, the CI group was fed the control diet and given iron dextran injections, the hypercholesterolemic group (H) was fed a 0,5g/100g cholesterol diet, and the HI group was fed the cholesterol diet and given iron dextran injections. The hamsters were fed the diets for 9 wk and iron dextran injections were given during the wk 7 at doses of 10mg/d for five days. Data were tested by two-way ANOVA. When interactions were significant, Tukey's test was done to determine the specific differences between means. A difference of P<0,05 was considered significant. Excess iron increased (P<0,05) plasma total cholesterol in hamsters fed the cholesterol diet (4,37 ± 0,73 mmol/L and 7,07 ±2,22 mmol/L for H and HI, respectively). Serum total cholesterol did not differ between groups C and CI (1,68 ± 0,29 mmol/L and 1,93 ±0,37 mmol/L for C and CI, respectively). Excess iron also increased HDL and LDL-cholesterol fractions (P<0,05). Iron dextran treatment increased serum iron, transferrin saturation and iron-binding capacity in CI and HI groups. The hypercholesterolemic diet increased 4-hydroxialkenal levels in serum, and iron overload did not influence the serum concentration of molondialdehyde, 4-hydroxyalkenal or total antioxidant status. Our experiment suggests that iron overload does not affect oxidative stress but hipercholesterolemic diet and iron interact to affect serum cholesterol and that the hamster appears to be a good model to explore underlying mechanisms that coud expand our understanding of iron/lipid relationship.

A Toxoplasmose é uma zoonose cosmopolita que ocorre principalmente em indivíduos imunodeprimidos, gestantes e em pacientes em terapia anti-câncer. Na Medicina Veterinária, animais como ovelhas, cabras e porcos são seriamente afetados podendo ocorrer abortos e com isto perdas significativas em termos econômicos. Atualmente não se dispõem de vacinas contra a toxoplasmose, mas tem-se desenvolvido modelos animais em ratas e camundongos para o ensaio imunológico contra a enfermidade. Os modelos atualmente utilizados, possuem limitações, por exemplo, não é possível ensaiar no modelo rata um imunógeno de Toxoplasma gondii, uma vez que todas as linhagens de ratas disponíveis são resistentes. Portanto não se pode ensaiar desafios vacinais altamente exigentes neste modelo. Por isso é aconselhável contar com experimentos efetuados em diversas espécies animais. Está sendo proposto testar o Hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), com o intuito de estabelecer se é ou não um modelo que se aproxima das respostas esperadas nos humanos.Antes de se comprometer a custos muito elevados com ensaios finais de vacinações, o aconselhável é contar com ensaios em diversas espécies, pois os animais respondem de formas dIferentes aos mesmos imunógenos. Na transmissão congênita crônica dez Hamsters foram inoculados com 40 oocistos por via oral da cepa Me-49 do T.gondii e após sessenta dias foram postas para cruzarem com os machos. Obteve-se resultados promissores uma vez que a transmissão congênita aos seus filhotes nesta fase crônica da infecção foi nula. Na transmissão congênita aguda da infecção, obteve-se 42,9% de taxa de transmissão de T.gondii. Não foi observada a transmissão lactogênica, do toxoplasma, na fase aguda da infecção. / Taxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan disease that causes a lot of damage to immunocompromised people, pregnant women, patients who have had transplants and people undergoing anticancer therapy. Animals like sheep, goats and pigs are seriously affected causing abortions and consequently significant economic losses. This is why, the importance of studing the transmission, the mechanisms of transmission and the forms of infection. Currently, vaccines against toxoplasmosis are not available, but animals’ models, in rats and mice, have been developed to an immune assay against this disease. These models considered to the study have some limitations, however it is not possible to apply a toxoplasma immune assay on a rat model, because it is a susceptible race and it has already been proven that rats are resistant to toxoplasma. We proposed to test the hamster (Mesocrisetua auratus) with the intention of establishing if it is or not one model that approaches the same results expected on human beings, therefore before compromising high costs with final assays of vaccinations, the advisable thing to do is to turn to assays on diverse species, because animals have different answers to the same immune. We intended to test hamster (Mesocrisetus auratus), with the intention of establishing if it is or no a model that approaches the expected ansewer from diferential ways to the same strains. In the chronic congenital transmit, in Hamsters was obtained promising results because yours creates didn’t present title when their organs (liver and lung), they were bioassayed in mice and twenty five days after they were bled and their serum tested with direct agglutination of Desmonts and Remington (1980), confirming that the passage wasn’t made during the gestation of females infected before the conception. In the sharp congenital transmission of the infection, it was obtained 42,9% that passed to their descendants antibodies of T. gondii. In the lactogenic transmission, wasn’t have title for T.gondii

Vascular corrosion casts of normal and elastaseinduced emphysemic hamster lungs, prepared with a low viscosity resin mixture consisting of Mercox and Sevriton, were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Casts were quantitated by measuring vascular volume or determining nonalveolar air space using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Normal lung casts were characterized by wellorganized fields of alveoli (about 70m in diameter) connected by distinct alveolar ducts. Emphysemic lung casts exhibited numerous bullae (often as large as 0.5 mm in diameter). The vasculature of the bullae indicated that they were formed by destruction of alveolar walls and subsequent coalescence of numerous alveolae. Remnants of alveolar walls, consisting of shallow ridges of capillaries, lined the bases of the bullae. Vascular volumes expressed as cast volume/total tissue volume were calculated at 20% and 12% for uninflated and inflated lungs, respectively, for both control and emphysemic lungs. Four months after elastase instillation, nonalveolar air space of the emphysemic lungs was increased by 73% over controls. These observations indicate that elastase emphysema results, initially, in remodeling of the alveolar structure (bullae formation) and loss of surface area for gas exchange, rather than from extensive loss of vasculature. Vascular corrosion casting is a useful technique for monitoring emphysema both morphologically and quantitatively.

No description available.

No description available.