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The main aim of this thesis is to present an account of Hegel's conception of the history of philosophy and to demonstrate its relevance to contemporary issues in the methodology of the history of philosophy both insofar as Hegel still has interesting things to say to contemporary historians, and insofar as an understanding of Hegel's views helps us understand later developments in the historiography of philosophy. In the first chapter, I present the conceptual scaffolding which enables us to compare Hegel's conception of the history of philosophy with contemporary approaches to the history of philosophy. I also criticize some of the myths that have developed around Hegel's conception of the history of philosophy. In the second chapter, I present the principles that constitute Hegel's evaluative framework: coherence or non-contradiction (in relation to the concept of Aufhebung), concreteness, systematicity, autonomy, and the use of clear conceptual language in philosophical discourse. Aside from these formal principles, I also identify a substantive philosophical thesis which Hegel seems to use in order to evaluate development in the history of philosophy, namely, the identity of thought and being. In the third chapter I attempt to attenuate the tension that exists between Hegel's methodological prescriptions, especially the claim that we should be on guard against anachronistic readings and that critique should be internal, with the manner in which he seems to consistently read past philosophers through his own system. I suggest two perspectives which can help attenuate this tension. First, I emphasize that Hegel is trying to write an anti-individualistic history of philosophy, where philosophical systems are presented as public culture achievements and the individual idiosyncrasies of philosophers are suppressed. Second, I show how Hegel's semantic and epistemic holism helps us make sense of the way that he approaches the history of philosophy. In the fourth and final chapter I discuss Hegel's conception of the relationship between philosophy and its socio-cultural milieu, and based on this discussion, I show that Hegel did not think that there is continuity in the kinds of problems that philosophers have been interested in, and that he thought that the main purpose of the history of philosophy is to provide metaphilosophical reconstructions and justifications of shifts in the kinds of problems that philosophers have been interested in. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA) / In this thesis I attempt to fill in a gap in Anglophone scholarship on Hegel by presenting an account of a much neglected aspect of Hegel's system, namely, Hegel's account and conception of the history of philosophy. I begin by attempting to dispel some misunderstandings that have distorted the Anglophone reception of this aspect of Hegel's thought, and by emphasizing the importance of understanding Hegel's views on the history of philosophy if one wishes to understand later developments in the historiography of philosophy. I then present the principles by which Hegel evaluates development in the history of philosophy, and I attempt to attenuate some of the tension which seems to exist between Hegel's methodological prescriptions and his actual practice as a historian of philosophy. I conclude with an account of Hegel's views on continuity in the history of philosophy, and their relation to contemporary views on continuity in the history of philosophy.

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This thesis examines historical writing and use of history among women within the Swedish nobility during the early modern period. The study has shown that political history in several cases was transmitted for the purpose of protecting or asserting collective, family-related aswell as individual status and positions, within the framework of women's informal exercise of power. Consequently, it can also be understood as expressions of emotion and political agendas in one – in other words as emotives. Sources conveying political history often express political diplomacy, which for example shows in how they separate content in different categories, support power or omit politically sensitive information. It can be explained by that the authors and their relatives were actors during the strengthening of the early modern state apparatus, and also victims of an ongoing power struggle within and between the nobility and the crown. The thesis also shows examples of internalized conflicts or possible cognitive dissonances relating to simultaneously fearing and depending on power, most clearly for the later investigation period. The study also exemplifies how material produced in this field could be viewed after the establishment of modern genre conventions, when it was often categorized into privately coded genres. Furthermore it shows that the private characteristics of rhetoric enabling this may have been a strategic choice in order to enable a political narrative.

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Esta dissertação investiga a História do Brasil do comerciante inglês John Armitage, escrita em 1836, e sua relação com a formação da historiografia brasileira das primeiras décadas do século XIX. Seus objetivos centrais são o estudo da sensação de ruptura entre passado e presente contida em tal obra, bem como suas implicações na ampliação do objeto histórico e na criação de uma nova forma narrativa organizadora de uma identidade nacional brasileira. Acreditamos que esses fenômenos estejam relacionados com um processo geral de aceleração do tempo e de alargamento da esfera pública, verificável no mundo ocidental a partir de meados do século XVIII, e que no Brasil condiciona o processo de independência política. No plano da história da historiografia, esses processos tiveram importância, principalmente, no que diz respeito à recusa da imitação como critério de análise histórica e no surgimento de um novo tipo de narrativa, a sentimental. Aliado a isso, houve a consolidação da linguagem do humanismo comercial em que o comércio foi tido como o meio pelo qual seria possível realizar o refinamento das paixões em maneiras. Resumindo, o objetivo principal desta dissertação, por um lado, é discutir essas transformações, assim como apresentar a proposta historiográfica de John Armitage baseada na incorporação narrativa dos valores de uma sociedade comercial e polida e, por outro, mostrar como tal proposta parece ter sido recusada, ou talvez ignorada, pela historiografia brasileira oitocentista. / This masters dissertation studies the History of Brazil written in 1836 by an English merchant called John Armitage and its interchange with the shaping of Brazilian historiography in the first decades of nineteenth century. The main goals are the study of ruptures sensation between past and present which can be found in this book, as well as the impact in the enlargement of the historical object and in the foundation of a new narrative form which could organize the Brazilian national identity. We believe that these phenomena are related with a general process of time acceleration and of enlargement of the public realm which have happened in the Occident since the middle of eighteenth century. These processes are central to the Brazil political independence. On the history of historiography, these processes have had effect mainly in the refusal of imitation as criterion of historical analyses and in the emergence of a new kind of narrative, the sentimental one. Besides that, the language of commercial humanism has happened and consolidated with the commerce as a medium by which could be possible accomplish the refinement of passions in manners. To sum up, the main goal of this thesis is, on the one hand, to discuss these transformations, as well as present the historiographycal proposal of John Armitage based on narrative incorporation of values of a commercial and polite society and, on the other hand, evidence how this proposal might has been refused, or ignored, by eighteenth century Brazilian historiography.

Esta dissertação investiga a História do Brasil do comerciante inglês John Armitage, escrita em 1836, e sua relação com a formação da historiografia brasileira das primeiras décadas do século XIX. Seus objetivos centrais são o estudo da sensação de ruptura entre passado e presente contida em tal obra, bem como suas implicações na ampliação do objeto histórico e na criação de uma nova forma narrativa organizadora de uma identidade nacional brasileira. Acreditamos que esses fenômenos estejam relacionados com um processo geral de aceleração do tempo e de alargamento da esfera pública, verificável no mundo ocidental a partir de meados do século XVIII, e que no Brasil condiciona o processo de independência política. No plano da história da historiografia, esses processos tiveram importância, principalmente, no que diz respeito à recusa da imitação como critério de análise histórica e no surgimento de um novo tipo de narrativa, a sentimental. Aliado a isso, houve a consolidação da linguagem do humanismo comercial em que o comércio foi tido como o meio pelo qual seria possível realizar o refinamento das paixões em maneiras. Resumindo, o objetivo principal desta dissertação, por um lado, é discutir essas transformações, assim como apresentar a proposta historiográfica de John Armitage baseada na incorporação narrativa dos valores de uma sociedade comercial e polida e, por outro, mostrar como tal proposta parece ter sido recusada, ou talvez ignorada, pela historiografia brasileira oitocentista. / This masters dissertation studies the History of Brazil written in 1836 by an English merchant called John Armitage and its interchange with the shaping of Brazilian historiography in the first decades of nineteenth century. The main goals are the study of ruptures sensation between past and present which can be found in this book, as well as the impact in the enlargement of the historical object and in the foundation of a new narrative form which could organize the Brazilian national identity. We believe that these phenomena are related with a general process of time acceleration and of enlargement of the public realm which have happened in the Occident since the middle of eighteenth century. These processes are central to the Brazil political independence. On the history of historiography, these processes have had effect mainly in the refusal of imitation as criterion of historical analyses and in the emergence of a new kind of narrative, the sentimental one. Besides that, the language of commercial humanism has happened and consolidated with the commerce as a medium by which could be possible accomplish the refinement of passions in manners. To sum up, the main goal of this thesis is, on the one hand, to discuss these transformations, as well as present the historiographycal proposal of John Armitage based on narrative incorporation of values of a commercial and polite society and, on the other hand, evidence how this proposal might has been refused, or ignored, by eighteenth century Brazilian historiography.

This dissertation presents a comparative overview of the philosophical reforms in the study of history at the Universities of Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Padova and Pavia between 1848 and 1855. The study traces; the work of four German and four Italian historians, and highlights the establishment of the history seminar at the University of Vienna (1850). The founding of the Institute of Austrian History in Vienna (1854--1855), marked the beginning of a specialized study of history in the Habsburg Monarchy. / The philosophical reforms, launched in 1849 by Count Leopold Thun, were successfully implemented in Austria, but faced defiance in the Lombardy-Venetia, where universities were hotbeds of nationalism and insurgency. Nevertheless, the appointment of a Vienna-trained historian at the University of Padova (1855), and the founding of philological-historical seminars at the Universities of Pavia (1856) and Padova (1858), paved the way for the eventual professionalization of the study of history in Italy.

Teilw. zugl.: Kiel, Universiẗat, Diss., 2003.