<p>In this bachelor thesis a comparison and evaluation of six different process visualization programs has been made. The purpose of the comparison is to find a suitable program for an experiment in control, held at Linköpings universitet, but also to get an overview of the market at the time this report was written. </p><p>After the evaluation an implementation is carried out with the programs that were bought. RSLogix, InTouch, InSQL and SuiteVoyager, one programming tool, one visualization tool, a database-manager and a web-portal for interaction over the Internet.</p>

Many information technology artefacts can be found in today’s cars. The interaction with these artefacts is the driver’s secondary task while driving the car in a safe way is the primary task. When designing interfaces for in-vehicle usage, measures have to be taken in order to make the interaction with the artefact suit the in-vehicle environment. One of these measures is to have the appropriate screen density level, which is the amount of information present on the screen. This thesis compares the usability of two integrated in-vehicle display prototypes, one with low screen density and one with high screen density. The usability comparison considers both safety and user preferences. Safety was measured by a Lane Change Test (LCT) which measures distraction of a primary task while performing a secondary task, and user preferences was measured with a questionnaire. Before the comparison was made, controls and a graphical user interface were designed. Results showed no significant difference in driver distraction between performing tasks on the high screen density display and the low screen density display. However, a vast majority of the users preferred high screen density over low. Furthermore, the distraction levels for both the high and the low screen density displays were below the proposed 0.5 meter limit for allowed driver distraction. The results indicate that in-vehicle displays can have a high level of screen density without imposing a level of distraction on the driver that is unsuitable for driving.

In this bachelor thesis a comparison and evaluation of six different process visualization programs has been made. The purpose of the comparison is to find a suitable program for an experiment in control, held at Linköpings universitet, but also to get an overview of the market at the time this report was written. After the evaluation an implementation is carried out with the programs that were bought. RSLogix, InTouch, InSQL and SuiteVoyager, one programming tool, one visualization tool, a database-manager and a web-portal for interaction over the Internet.

Nowadays, with the development of electronic and communication technologies, more and more low-cost vehicles such as small, light-weight aircraft are widely applied in all kinds of fields. Ground Station is an essential part of low cost vehicles for the operator to control and monitor the vehicles. In this thesis, Ground Station Display and Flight Management System for Low-Cost Vehicles have been developed.The major objective of this project is to design an intuitive and easy operative Human Machine Interface for displaying and monitoring the flight data and traffic information on ground. Meanwhile, a Graphic User Interface for the Flight Management System has been developed for realizing the waypoints input and flight plan for the vehicles. To fulfill this task, a low-cost hardware and software architecture is presented. Moreover, some COTS tools such as VAPS and MATLAB are applied for the software development because of their Object-Oriented and Rapid Prototype design methods. At the end of project, simulation has been done for the display HMI to test the behaviours of objects and the impacts of display. The trajectory simulation of flight management control panel is also implemented to test the waypoints creation, trajectory generation and smoothing.

In-vehicle warning systems are today mainly using the visual and auditory channels for presentation. As cars get more and more sophisticated the demand on new ways of presenting information increases. This report investigates if the sense of touch, in form of a vibro-tactile seat is a prospective channel for warning information. To achieve the objectives the tactile seat was developed, implemented and tested in a simulator environment. The final result is a complete tactile seat with a set of warnings which correspond with different critical situations. The tactile seat made it possible to conduct a simulator-based experiment including comparison with a visual head-up warning presentation. The experiment proved significant difference in discovery distance in the comparison between the no system and the tactile warning system. The overall conclusion is that a vibro-tactile warning display in the driver’s seat is an excellent way of presenting certain warning information. The tactile channel is especially favorable when fast reaction time is essential. Further work could include designing and testing a combined tactile and visual system.

Arbetet som skogsmaskinförare är mycket belastande både fysiskt och mentalt. För att minska arbetsskador och sjukskrivningar, vilket i längden kan leda till brist på förare och svårigheter att rekrytera nya, behöver arbetsbelastningen minskas. Genom att automatisera vissa delar av skördarförarens arbete kan vinster avseende både den fysiska och mentala belastningen göras. Detta genom att föraren får mer tid att ta de många beslut som ingår i arbetet medan maskinen tar över enkla, upprepade handlingar. Därmed minskar också reglageanvändningen och det ges fler möjligheter till mikropauser då musklerna kan återhämta sig. Målet med examensarbetet var att genom studier av kommunikationen mellan människa och maskin komma med förslag på hur belastningsproblemen kan lindras. Samtidigt får inte produktiviteten försämras, eftersom det skulle avskräcka tillverkare och köpare att satsa på nya idéer. Genom att göra intervjuer och observationer med förare samt studiebesök hos tillverkare, kunde en kognitiv uppgiftsanalys av förarens arbetssituation göras. Utifrån denna identifierades sedan en rad problemområden varav ett valdes ut för vidare arbete. Arbetet fokuserades på att utveckla en automatisk sorteringsfunktion och ett antal koncept arbetades fram. Två av dessa idéer vidareutvecklades till färdiga koncept vilka sedan testades och analyserades i simulatormiljö. För att se hur de nya funktionerna fungerade jämfört med dagens arbete gjordes också samma test med det konventionella arbetssättet vars resultat sedan användes som referensvärde. Efter varje test gjordes dessutom subjektiva mätningar av arbetsbelastningen för att få en uppfattning om hur koncepten upplevdes. Resultaten av studien visar att reglageanvändningen minskar vilket ökar möjligheterna för mikropauser i arbetet. Det ger föraren möjligheter att återhämta sig under arbetets gång och därmed minska belastningsproblemen. Det visar sig dock att avverkningstiden ökar något och att de subjektiva skattningarna hos de nya koncepten är något sämre än referensvärdena. Det beror dock med stor sannolikhet på att testföraren till vardags arbetar med det konventionella arbetssättet och att det inte fanns tid för tillräcklig övning och tillvänjning till de nya koncepten.

<p>In Sweden close to 500 people are killed and several thousands severely injured in traffic each year. This is one of the largest health problems for society in both Sweden and the whole world. In the cars of tomorrow will the main instrument panel and the centre console be screen-based instead of the current solution with “iron instruments” and other physical devices. This future driver environment opens for a flexible and situation-dependent usage of presentation resources. The purpose of this thesis is to explore these possibilities from a warning system perspective.</p><p>The project had its main focus on designing warning system concepts using the HUD and vibrotactile information in a coordinated way based on established HMI principles. Another goal for this thesis work was to generate a functional concept for demonstration and evaluation in the virtual reality lab at the University of Linköping.</p><p>The method of realization was divided into three phases – information gathering, concept generation and implementation. These phases are commonly used in design projects. This way of work supplies structure to the project and makes it possible to achieve an iterative design process.</p><p>The information gathering involved a thorough theoretical study of HMI, interface design and warning design. A state of the art investigation was then conducted to find out how the warning systems, relevant to this thesis, are presented today.</p><p>The concept generation was divided into two parts – warning system design and visual design. The Warning system design concepts were based on different combinations from a morphologic matrix and relevant theory. Consideration was also taken to when the systems are likely to be activated and which modality, or modalities, that then was suitable to use. The visual design concepts were developed by using creative product development methods and the iterative Simulator-Based Design (SBD) theory.</p><p>After concluding the concept generation was the visual design results given functionality by programming software. The visual warning system were then integrated in the simulator software and fully implemented in the simulator cockpit at the university.</p><p>The implemented warning systems were then evaluated by a pilot study conducted in the simulator. Test persons were invited to the VR-lab and given an introduction to the warning systems. They were then asked to drive a predetermined route with a number of different warning system conditions. These test results were later statistically analyzed and evaluated.</p>

<p>In-vehicle warning systems are today mainly using the visual and auditory channels for presentation. As cars get more and more sophisticated the demand on new ways of presenting information increases. This report investigates if the sense of touch, in form of a vibro-tactile seat is a prospective channel for warning information. To achieve the objectives the tactile seat was developed, implemented and tested in a simulator environment. The final result is a complete tactile seat with a set of warnings which correspond with different critical situations.</p><p>The tactile seat made it possible to conduct a simulator-based experiment including comparison with a visual head-up warning presentation. The experiment proved significant difference in discovery distance in the comparison between the no system and the tactile warning system.</p><p>The overall conclusion is that a vibro-tactile warning display in the driver’s seat is an excellent way of presenting certain warning information. The tactile channel is especially favorable when fast reaction time is essential. Further work could include designing and testing a combined tactile and visual system.</p>

In Sweden close to 500 people are killed and several thousands severely injured in traffic each year. This is one of the largest health problems for society in both Sweden and the whole world. In the cars of tomorrow will the main instrument panel and the centre console be screen-based instead of the current solution with “iron instruments” and other physical devices. This future driver environment opens for a flexible and situation-dependent usage of presentation resources. The purpose of this thesis is to explore these possibilities from a warning system perspective. The project had its main focus on designing warning system concepts using the HUD and vibrotactile information in a coordinated way based on established HMI principles. Another goal for this thesis work was to generate a functional concept for demonstration and evaluation in the virtual reality lab at the University of Linköping. The method of realization was divided into three phases – information gathering, concept generation and implementation. These phases are commonly used in design projects. This way of work supplies structure to the project and makes it possible to achieve an iterative design process. The information gathering involved a thorough theoretical study of HMI, interface design and warning design. A state of the art investigation was then conducted to find out how the warning systems, relevant to this thesis, are presented today. The concept generation was divided into two parts – warning system design and visual design. The Warning system design concepts were based on different combinations from a morphologic matrix and relevant theory. Consideration was also taken to when the systems are likely to be activated and which modality, or modalities, that then was suitable to use. The visual design concepts were developed by using creative product development methods and the iterative Simulator-Based Design (SBD) theory. After concluding the concept generation was the visual design results given functionality by programming software. The visual warning system were then integrated in the simulator software and fully implemented in the simulator cockpit at the university. The implemented warning systems were then evaluated by a pilot study conducted in the simulator. Test persons were invited to the VR-lab and given an introduction to the warning systems. They were then asked to drive a predetermined route with a number of different warning system conditions. These test results were later statistically analyzed and evaluated.

Denna rapport går igenom den nya industriella revolution 4.0. Vi kommer se över hur den nya revolution 4.0 och process and producering industrin korrelerar. En genomgång av vad revolution 4.0 egentligen är, hur den är uppbyggd och vad den innebär. Vi kommer även gå igenom design aspekterna av ”industrie 4.0”. Parallellt med min undersökning av revolution 4.0 kommer jag att, på förteget Honeywell’s bekostnad, göra ett HMI till en PLC. Jag knyta ihop allt genom att visa parallellerna mellan centrala delar i revolutionen 4.0, så som kommunikations protokoll, och mitt projekt på Honeywell . / In this thesis we will look at the new industrial revolution 4.0. I will explain what the revolution 4.0 is, how it correlates with generic industrial automation and I will also present design aspects of the industrie 4.0 and central communication technologies that are in line with the industrial revolution 4.0. In parallel with the study and research of the revolution 4.0 – I will, on Honeywell’s behalf, make a demonstrational human machine interface for a programmable logic controller. You the reader will have a solid understanding of the hierarchies that are found in the process and manufacturing industry. And how central communication technologies of the industrial revolution 4.0 correlates with the Honeywell HMI/PLC project.