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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Modelling the optimal efficiency of industrial labour force in the presence of HIV/AIDs pandemic

Takaidza, Isaac January 2012 (has links)
Thesis (DTech (Mechanical Engineering))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012 / In this thesis, we investigate certain key aspects of mathematical modelling to explain the epidemiology of HIV/AIDS at the workplace and to assess the potential benefits of proposed control strategies. Deterministic models to investigate the effects of the transmission dynamics of HIV/AIDS on labour force productivity are formulated. The population is divided into mutually exclusive but exhaustive compartments and a system of differential equations is derived to describe the spread of the epidemic. The qualitative features of their equilibria are analyzed and conditions under which they are stable are provided. Sensitivity analysis of the reproductive number is carried out to determine the relative importance of model parameters to initial disease transmission. Results suggest that optimal control theory in conjunction with standard numerical procedures and cost effective analysis can be used to determine the best intervention strategies to curtail the burden HIV/AIDS is imposing on the human population, in particular to the global economy through infection of the most productive individuals. We utilise Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle to derive and then analyze numerically the conditions for optimal control of the disease with effective use of condoms, enlightenment/educational programs, treatment regime and screening of infectives. We study the potential impact on productivity of combinations of these conventional control measures against HIV. Our numerical results suggest that increased access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) could decrease not only the HIV prevalence but also increase productivity of the infected especially when coupled with prevention, enlightenment and screening efforts.
82

Profil et analyse des besoins des résidents d'une ressource d'hébergement spécialisé en VIH-SIDA, à partir du point de vue des intervenants

Pilon, Louise January 2005 (has links)
Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.
83

Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and its major determinants among patients at Rundu Hospital, Namibia.

Komu, Patricia Wangui. January 2008 (has links)
<p><font face="Times New Roman"> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman"><b><font face="Times New Roman">Aim</font><font face="Times New Roman">: To obtain baseline data on adherence levels and the major determinants of adherence among patients on HAART at Rundu Hospital, Namibia.</font></b></font></p> </font></p>
84

Clinical and immunological response of HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in Nyangana Mission Hospital in Namibia.

Kangudie, Didler Mbayi. January 2008 (has links)
<p> <p>&nbsp / </p> </p> <p align="left">This study aims to analyse the clinical and immunological responses and survival pattern of HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in Nyangana District.</p>
85

Extent and reasons for substituting and switching Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy at the Katutura Intermediate Hospital in Windhoek, Namibia.

Gaeseb, Johannes. January 2008 (has links)
<p>The current study aimed to describe the extent and reasons for substituting and switching HAART at the Katutura Intermediate Hospital in Windhoek, Namibia</p>
86

Disseny, síntesi i avaluació d'inhibidors de dimerització de la proteasa del VIH-1

Piñol Ollé, Eulàlia 20 June 2007 (has links)
Tot i que s'han assolit molts reptes en la lluita contra el SIDA, actualment encara se'n desconeix la cura definitiva. Tots els fàrmacs assequibles comercialment i llur combinació en l'anomenada teràpia antiretroviral altament activa (HAART) milloren la qualitat de vida de les persones infectades però l'actual teràpia té uns costos molt elevats, sobretot si tenim en compte que els 95% de la gent infectada viu en països en vies de desenvolupament, i pateix altres limitacions com ara la necessitat de dosis elevades, els efectes secundaris i sobretot, el problema de la resistència als fàrmacs. A més a més aquests inhibidors, tot i tenir una forta activitat, no són ideals, ja que en general tenen una baixa solubilitat aquosa, s'eliminen fàcilment, no són assequibles per via oral i tenen una durada d'acció breu.La present Tesi doctoral té per objectiu el disseny, síntesi i avaluació de nous inhibidors de la proteasa del VIH-1 que actuïn per un mecanisme d'inhibició diferent als comercialitzats fins al moment i que ajudi a combatre els inconvenients associats als inhibidors comercials.En aquest treball es descriu en primer lloc la síntesi de diferents estructures pseudodipeptídiques: l'oxazolopiperidona 80, el lactam de Freidinger 82 i les pirrolizidinones (6R)- i (6S)-79.A continuació es descriu la incorporació de l'oxazolopiperidona 80 i el lactam de Freidinger 82 en nous inhibidors de dimerització de la HIV-1 PR, mitjançant síntesi peptídica en fase sòlida.Els inhibidors sintetitzats es poden subdividir en 3 categories: a) inhibidors patró formats per aminoàcids naturalsb) inhibidors de tipus I, formats per una sola cadena peptídica i que incorporen una de les estructures pseudodipeptíquesc) inhibidors de tipus II, formats per dues cadenes peptídiques i que incorporen una de les estructures pseudodipeptídiques d) inhibidors de tipus II, formats pels subproductes de reacció simètrics fruit de l'entrecreuament entre cadenes peptídiques.Aquests nous compostos han estat avaluats in vitro mitjançant un assaig de fluorescència sobre la HIV-1 PR expressada en E.coli. Aquest estudi ha mostrat 8 dels inhibidors presenten baixa activitat i 7 activitat moderada. D'aquests compostos amb activitat moderada, els compostos CH-50, 176 i 181 han mostrat ser inhibidors dissociatius.Addicionalment, s'ha assajat l'activitat in vivo dels inhibidors sintetitzats. Els assaigs in vivo han mostrat que 3 dels compostos tenen activitat baixa anti-VIH sobre el virus wild type, mentre que 4 presenten activitat moderada (176, 186, 187cc i 189). Els assaigs in vivo també han evidenciat la baixa toxicitat dels inhibidors sintetitzats.Entre els compostos sintetitzats destaca l'inhibidor 176, que ha resultat tenir activitat anti-VIH sobre un virus resistent als inhibidors de proteasa comercials. Es tracta, doncs, d'un bon cap de sèrie per a la investigació de nous inhibidors de la proteasa del VIH-1 actius en línies cel·lulars resistents als inhibidors comercials.Finalment, s'han dut a terme experiments de microcalorimetria per tal d'estudiar la interacció del compost 176 amb la HIV-1 PR, on s'ha observat que aquest compost presenta un perfil d'interacció amb la proteasa similar a l'inhibidor comercial ritonavir, tot i presentar menor afinitat (Ka). Aquests experiments també han posat de manifest que l'inhibidor 176 actua sobre la forma dimèrica de la proteasa, sense arribar a desplaçar un dels monòmers. / Dimerization of HIV-1 protease is essential to attainment of the mature structure, an enzymatically active C2-symmetric homodimer. The dimerization interface is largely composed of interdigitated N- and C-terminal portions of the protease, which thus form a four-stranded antiparallel ß-sheet. By targeting this ß-sheet portion of the protease, a region which is highly conserved among HIV-1 isolates, agents may be generated which block the assembly of the homodimer or disrupt the dimeric interface, and so should lead to a loss of biological activity.Dimerization inhibitors have been developed in the context of this research based on a structure composed by the native sequences of HIV-1 protease N- and C-termini and by substitution of some of the dipeptides in these structures for pseudopeptides with restricted conformation (3-aminolactams derivatives), to increase the conformational constraint and convert them, this way, in more active agents and less prone to degradation.First of all, the synthesis of oxazolopiperidone 80, Freidinger lactam 82 and pyrrolizidinones (6R)- i (6S)-79 has been achieved and these structures have been incorporated by SPPS into the N- and C-terminal peptide chains of HIV-1 PR.The resulting compounds have been tested in vitro by means of a fluorescence assay, using HIV-1 PR expressed in E. Coli. As a result, 7 compounds with moderate activity have been identified.An in vivo test has been also carried out, showing that 4 of the synthesized compounds (176, 186, 187cc i 189) present moderate activity against the HIV wild type and that none of the compounds show significant toxicity at the assayed concentrations. The compound 176 has additionally shown to present activity against a mutated strain of HIV-1, proving its potential as a lead compound for future research of resitant HIV-1 PR inhibitors.
87

Extent and reasons for substituting and switching Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy at the Katutura Intermediate Hospital in Windhoek, Namibia.

Gaeseb, Johannes. January 2008 (has links)
<p>The current study aimed to describe the extent and reasons for substituting and switching HAART at the Katutura Intermediate Hospital in Windhoek, Namibia</p>
88

Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and its major determinants among patients at Rundu Hospital, Namibia.

Komu, Patricia Wangui. January 2008 (has links)
<p><font face="Times New Roman"> <p align="left"><font face="Times New Roman"><b><font face="Times New Roman">Aim</font><font face="Times New Roman">: To obtain baseline data on adherence levels and the major determinants of adherence among patients on HAART at Rundu Hospital, Namibia.</font></b></font></p> </font></p>
89

Clinical and immunological response of HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in Nyangana Mission Hospital in Namibia.

Kangudie, Didler Mbayi. January 2008 (has links)
<p> <p>&nbsp / </p> </p> <p align="left">This study aims to analyse the clinical and immunological responses and survival pattern of HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in Nyangana District.</p>
90

Saúde bucal e infecção pelo HIV-Aids

Silva, Carlos Alberto Lima da January 2008 (has links)
p. 1-122 / Submitted by Santiago Fabio (fabio.ssantiago@hotmail.com) on 2013-04-25T18:00:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 9999999999999.pdf: 5819061 bytes, checksum: ef3a93df9666817aa3437a80b1999934 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Creuza Silva(mariakreuza@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-05-04T16:51:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 9999999999999.pdf: 5819061 bytes, checksum: ef3a93df9666817aa3437a80b1999934 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-04T16:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 9999999999999.pdf: 5819061 bytes, checksum: ef3a93df9666817aa3437a80b1999934 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Esta tese apresenta o resultado da investigação sobre manifestações clínicas orais em indivíduos infectados pelo HIV, analisando suas implicações na condição de saúde em crianças e adultos. Também investigou o papel da candidíase oral pseudomembranosa como possível preditora da progressão para a Aids. Foram desenvolvidos três estudos: o primeiro de corte transversal realizado por meio de uma revisão de prontuários clínicos dos indivíduos com 13 anos de idade ou mais assistidos pelo serviço de odontologia do Centro de Referência Estadual de Aids (CREAIDS), em Salvador-Bahia. O segundo, também de corte transversal semelhante ao primeiro, porém com indivíduos menores de 13 anos de idade atendidos no CREAIDS. O terceiro estudo desenhado como coorte histórica foi desenvolvida com dados sócio-demográficos, clínicos, terapêuticos e imunológicos de menores de 13 anos de idade acompanhados pelo serviço de pediatria médica deste Centro de Referência. Os resultados estão apresentados na forma de 03 (três) artigos e demonstram redução na freqüência das manifestações orais associadas com a infecção pelo HIV ao longo do período estudado (2003 a 2005), tanto em adultos quanto em crianças, principalmente nos grupos que utilizavam terapia anti-retroviral (TARV). Estas manifestações foram mais freqüentes em indivíduos que apresentaram alteração imunológica, caracterizada por elevados níveis da carga viral plasmática e redução da contagem dos linfócitos T CD4 +. As manifestações orais foram mais freqüentes em adultos com baixa escolaridade Além disso, foram observadas altas taxas de cárie dentária nestas populações. No entanto, entre as crianças, a cárie dentária mostrou-se associada à ocorrência de lesões orais. Foi observado ainda que a forma “persistente” da candidíase oral pseudomembranosa está associada com alteração imunológica severa e apresentou uma menor mediana de tempo até o diagnóstico de Aids em relação a candidíase episódica ou não candidíase. Esta pesquisa confirma a tendência observada na maioria dos estudos de menor proporção de manifestações orais em indivíduos infectados pelo HIV que utilizam a TARV. No entanto, estes indivíduos apresentam importantes necessidades de cuidados à saúde bucal / Salvador

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