Epidemiology analysis of the effect of air pollution on health at regional scale MUDr. Eva Rychlíková ABSTRACT Work involves a health impact assessment of the air pollution of aerosol particles at the some important steps. It describes evidence on air pollution exposure in vulnerable groups of population and searches for the effects. An exposure is a component of causal chains of diseases coming from external origin. And just because it is the main condition. If there is no exposure, there is no health risk. For a possibility to prevent disease we need to know an exposure. We investigated exposure with an activity questionaire in the three groups of population whose would be to the environmental factors, mainly air pollution, vulnerable. The personal exposure was monitored in a group of children. In preparing the questionnaire, we respect the recommendation of US EPA and WHO. Sensitivity is determined by the properties of the organism, specific period of its evolution, lifestyle and behaviour, the circumstances under which exposure to pollution occurs. We evaluated the effects on health which included short-time mortality, long-time mortality and respiratory morbidity in children.The air pollution and its development were evaluated in the Ustecky Region, Region of Prague and Moravskoslezsky region. The...

Scholars agree that global climate change is a major threat to the physical environment, affecting all aspects of life on the planet. However, the general public do not feel that climate change is a major risk or threat, especially to humans. It is important to understand the public’s perception and opinions of climate change as it affects and influences the creation and passing of climate change adaptation and mitigation policies. Specifically, little is known about public perceptions in regards to the greater health risk imposed by global climate change. This study examines the public's perception of health risks related to climate change in Broward County, Florida by using mixed methods. An online survey was conducted along with in-person interviews with the general public and a physician. The study found majority of respondents to believe climate change affects health, but lacked an understanding of how it is harmful to their health. It also found that gender affects their perceptions and political ideology appears to have an effect, but the effect of socioeconomic status on their perceptions were unable to be determined at this time. Broward is just developing policies to adapt and mitigate the health effects of climate change. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Les éléments trace métalliques (ETM) sont des polluants qui sont sources de préoccupations majeures à cause de leurs toxicités et de leurs propriétés cumulatives. Certains d’eux peuvent être cancérogènes. La métropole de Sfax, située au sud de la Tunisie, a été touchée par des rejets et émissions d’ETM depuis des décennies. Plusieurs études ont confirmé que la pollution métallique est principalement d’origine anthropique, liée en particulier aux activités industrielles. Cela présente un risque sur la santé des habitants, particulièrement pour ceux qui sont également exposés par leur métier dans des procédés industriels. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer les risques sanitaires associés à l’exposition professionnelle dans les industries qui manipulent des ETM dans leurs processus de production, en suivant l’approche de l’évaluation des risques sanitaires. Dans ce but, cinq entreprises qui utilisent des métaux comme matière première pour produire une variété de produits métalliques, ont accepté d’adhérer à notre étude. Les métaux qui étaient explorés sont Al, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. Des modèles mathématiques de prédiction des expositions professionnelles aux agents chimiques ont été utilisés pour estimer les concentrations des ETM dans l’air intérieur pour 15 postes différents. Des prélèvements atmosphériques ont été effectués afin de comparer les concentrations prédites à celles mesurées, en utilisant des prélèvements individuels ou sur postes fixes. Finalement, des prélèvements urinaires ont été collectés chez 61 travailleurs afin d’évaluer le lien entre l’excrétion des ETM et les niveaux atmosphériques. Globalement, les estimations des concentrations atmosphériques avaient une bonne concordance avec les valeurs mesurées sur l’ensemble des postes de travail. Des meilleures prédictions ont été trouvées pour certaines activités, en particulier pour des processus de découpage des tôles et de soudures. Les valeurs qui correspondent au 90ème percentile de la distribution de l’exposition ont été utilisées pour le calcul du « interaction-based hazard index HIint » pour évaluer les risques associés aux mélanges d’ETM. Un excès de risque total de cancer a été aussi calculé. Les résultats ont montré des expositions élevées qui peuvent provoquer des pathologies respiratoires, avec un HIint allant jusqu’à 93,6. Les niveaux les plus élevés sont attribués à la soudure à l'arc à l'électrode enrobée et au débitage et cisaillage des tôles. Ces risques augmentent à cause de l’effet synergique qui existe entre Cr, Ni et Cu. Des risques élevés de cancer du poumon et du rein ont été encore démontrés (risque total vie entière de cancer pour les ouvriers exposés : 3.7×10-4). Ce travail montre que les modèles mathématiques peuvent prédire correctement les niveaux d’exposition des ETM dans l’air intérieur pour plusieurs processus de la métallurgie. Ce résultat est intéressant pour aider les différents acteurs pour piloter de manière efficiente les systèmes de surveillance et la réduction des expositions dans ce secteur économique. Des progrès en matière d’hygiène industrielle sont nécessaires dans ce secteur industriel pour minimiser le risque sanitaire élevé auquel sont actuellement exposés les travailleurs concernés / Trace metallic elements (TMEs) are pollutants of great concern even in trace amounts because of their toxicity and cumulative property. Some of them can be carcinogenic. The Sfax metropolis, located in the southern region of Tunisia, has been affected by releases of TMEs for decades. Several studies confirmed that this pollution is predominantly originated from anthropogenic sources, mainly from industrial activities. It represents a threat to the health of residents, particularly for those also exposed during occupational activities in industrial processes. The present study aims to assess health risks associated with occupational exposure in industries handling TMEs in their production processes, following the human health risk assessment approach. To this end, five companies using raw material containing TMEs to produce a variety of metallic products accepted to participate to the study. The metals that were investigated are Al, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb. Mathematical models for estimating occupational exposure to chemicals were used to predict indoor air TME exposure levels in 15 different job tasks. Air monitoring was conducted in order to compare the predicted workplace air concentrations versus the direct measured ones, using both workplace-fixed monitors and personal samplers. And finally, urine samples were collected from 61 workers to assess whether TMEs excretion correlate with job exposure levels. Globally, the predicted air estimates relate well with measured concentrations over the whole set of job tasks. Better predictions were found for certain activities, in particular for steel cutting and welding processes. The values that correspond to the 90th percentile of the exposure distribution were then used in the interaction-based hazard index HIint to assess health risks associated with the mixtures of TMEs. Total cancer risk was also investigated. Results showed high exposures for metals that may elicit respiratory conditions, with a HIint reaching 93.6, the highest levels being for the shielded metal arc welding and metal shearing and slitting tasks. The risk is enhanced by a synergetic effect between Cr, Ni and Cu. High risks of lung and kidney cancers were demonstrated (the predicted life-long total cancer risk for exposed workers is 3.7×10-4). This work shows that mathematical models can be accurate in predicting TME airborne exposure levels for several processes in the metallurgic industry, a result that is of interest to help the different stakeholders to monitor efficiently exposure surveillance and abatement. Progress in industrial hygiene is needed in this industrial sector to reduce the high level of health risks currently experienced by the metalworking workers

La reutilización de aguas residuales comporta una serie de beneficios pero también conlleva un riesgo asociado a nivel sanitario y medioambiental debido a los componentes que puedan estar presentes en el agua residual, como microorganismos patógenos y contaminantes químicos tóxicos. Este riesgo asociado se ha de controlar para poder reutilizar el agua de la manera más segura posible. En este trabajo se evaluó la efectividad de diferentes tecnologías de regeneración (infiltración-percolación, fisicoquímico, filtro de anillas, dióxido de cloro, ácido peracético y radiación ultravioleta) y se establecieron las líneas de tratamiento más adecuadas para cumplir con los criterios de calidad establecidos por el RD 1620/2007 sobre reutilización de aguas residuales. También se evaluó un sistema de reutilización utilizado para el riego de un parque, considerando la EDAR, la ERA, el sistema de almacenamiento y la red de distribución hasta el punto de uso final del agua regenerada. Se estableció el comportamiento de diferentes parámetros microbiológicos y fisicoquímicos en cada etapa y las variaciones de calidad del agua regenerada a su paso por el sistema. Se realizó una evaluación cuantitativa del riesgo microbiológico (QMRA) asociado al riego del parque con agua regenerada, utilizando los patógenos de referencia de la OMS (Campylobacter, rotavirus y Cryptosporidium), concluyendo que el nivel de riesgo cumple con el nivel aceptable establecido. También se evaluó la influencia del riego con agua regenerada en las matrices ambientales suelo y agua subterránea, concluyéndose que, en el espacio de tiempo evaluado, no se aprecia una variación de la calidad fisicoquímica de estas matrices debido al riego. Por último, se aplicó un protocolo de análisis de peligros y puntos de control críticos (APPCC) en el sistema de reutilización, tal y como recomienda la OMS para gestionar el riesgo asociado a la reutilización de aguas. La aplicación de este protocolo permitió identificar los puntos de control críticos del sistema, recomendar límites críticos para cada punto y establecer medidas correctoras para las posibles desviaciones de estos límites. / Wastewater reuse provides an additional source of water resources, but there is a health and environmental risk associated with the use of reclaimed water, due to the potential presence of pathogens and toxic chemicals. These risks have to be controlled in order to be able to use reclaimed water in a safety way. In this work, several reclamation technologies have been evaluated (infiltration-percolation, physicochemical, chlorine dioxide, peracetic acid and ultraviolet radiation) to establish treatment lines that comply with the quality criteria of the national regulation RD 1620/2007 on wastewater reuse. A reuse system for the irrigation of a green area was evaluated, including the WWTP, the RWTP, the storage system and the distribution system to the irrigation place. Several microbial organisms and physicochemical parameters were monitored in each component to evaluate the variations on the reclaimed water along the system. A quantitative microbiological risk assessment (QMRA) was performed, using a computer model, in order to evaluate the risk associated to the green area irrigation, considering the three pathogens recommended by the WHO (Campylobacter, rotavirus and Cryptosporidium), resulting on the risk level complying with the acceptable level established. The environmental matrixes soil and groundwater were evaluated to determine any variation in the physicochemical quality due to the irrigation with reclaimed water, concluding that, for the time period of the study, there is not a significant variation. A hazard analysis and critical control point protocol was applied to the reuse system evaluated, as recommended by the WHO for risk management in water reuse. This protocol allowed establishing the critical control points of the system, the critical limits for each point and the corrective measures in case of deviation from the operational parameters.

The demand for deep fried chips by public and the number of people entering the fast food industry in the form of fast food outlets has increased tremendously. Frying oils are very expensive and are the most important ingredient used in the preparation of fried foods. Due to high oil costs and lack of knowledge, frying oils are used to their maximum. This has resulted in the abuse of deep fried chip cooking oils. The overall quality of the deep fried chip cooking oil used in the South Central Operational Entity of the eThekwini Municipality is not known but abused cooking oils have been identified by Environmental Health Practitioners (EHP's) during routine inspections of fast food outlets. Considering all of the above, the objectives of the proposed research were: (l) Determine the overall prevalence of the use of abused deep fried chip cooking oils at fast food outlets in the South Central Operational Entity of the eThekwini Municipality. (2) Determine in which supervision areas in the South Central Operational Entity the use of abused cooking oil is most prevalent. (3) Determine current/reported practices in preserving the quality of chip oil. (4) Make appropriate recommendations to owner/managers of the fast food outlets and to Environmental Health Practitioners. The study design was observational utilizing a Rapid Epidemiological Assessment (REA) technique, with both a descriptive and analytical component. All fast food outlets making deep fried chips in the South Central Operational Entity registered with the eThekwini Health Department at the time of the study were included in the study population. The Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) method was used to determine the overall prevalence of the use of abused oil and to determine supervision areas reached the predetermined service target. A total of 100 fast food outlets were sampled. An oil sample from each fast food outlet, which was taken and sent to a laboratory where an Oxifrit Test was done on every oil sample taken. The Oxifrit Test was the benchmark in this study. EHP's of eThekwini Municipality collected further data by means of an observational checklist and a closed-ended questionnaire, which aimed to establish cooking oil preservation practices. The study revealed that 60 of the outlets had oil that was acceptable whereas 40 had oil that was unacceptable (abused oil). In the multivariate analysis the only factors significantly associated with abused oil were the condition of the fryer and frequency of oil change. Supervision Areas 6, and 4 had more abused deep fried chip cooking oil than average in the South Central Operational Entity. For further prioritization, Supervision Areas 6 and 4 fell below the decision rule for majority of acceptable oil preservation practices, thus Supervision Areas 6 and 4 will be targeted for intervention. Intervention will include education, monitoring and ultimately enforcing the law by EHP's to ensure safe use of deep fried chip cooking oil in the South Central Operational Entity within eThekwini Municipality. / Thesis (M.P.H.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2006.

A quantitative study was conducted to determine the socio-economic outcomes for the beneficiaries of the Expanded Child Survival Initiative in Uganda. The population comprised of all orphans and vulnerable children who were trained under the Expanded Child Survival Initiative of which a sample of 102 respondents were included in the structured data collection process. The outcomes that were explored were employment, income, assets and family support to siblings and other dependants by the primary beneficiaries. The findings show that the outcomes of the Expanded Child Survival Initiative were positive and benefited socio economic lives of the respondents and their family members. The majority of the respondents were using the skills obtained from the training and were employed. The employment provided a source of income and the income earned facilitates the respondents in providing the basic needs of the family members. They were able to provide adequately for most of their basic needs. The findings also show that the respondents had accumulated some assets. A number of factors influenced the utilisation of the newly acquired skills including having tool kits, start-up capital and business management skills. It is recommended that training providers should provide start-up support to the apprentices in order to facilitate them to utilise the skills obtained from apprenticeship trainings. / Public Health / Thesis (M.A. (Public Health))

This study was concerned with establishing the extent to which various components of the environment were exposed to the three toxic minerals, arsenic, mercury and lead. The concentration of these three elements were determined in groundwater and surface water, soil, plants, animals such as goats, and humans in potentially contaminated areas in the Limpopo Province of South Africa. The focus of the study was to assess the possible exposure to infants through ingestion to arsenic, mercury and lead. Comparison of the mineral content of water at the study sites with international and national drinking water standards, indicated water from Rooiberg, Leeupoort and Gravelotte are not fit for human consumption due to high arsenic and lead concentrations. Water at Gravelotte also has unacceptably high levels of mercury. The soil, plants, goat’s milk and mother’s milk at Rooiberg have higher levels of arsenic and lead than have been recorded for many other countries. Mother’s milk and goat’s milk are the main sources of arsenic, lead and mercury contamination at Rooiberg. It is therefore newborns and toddlers who are most at risk from exposure to arsenic and lead. This is a cause for environmental and health concerns, but as this research is only a base-line study, it is imperative that more comprehensive surveys of potentially toxic mineral contamination be conducted in the province. / Environmental Sciences / (M.Sc. (Environmental Science))

[pt] No Brasil, os riscos à saúde humana resultantes da exposição a compostos químicos vêm sendo abordados há poucos anos. Em 2009 foi publicada a Resolução CONAMA 420 que deu início à regulamentação desta prática e em 2013 o procedimento de avaliação de riscos à saúde humana em áreas contaminadas foi normatizado através da NBR 16209. Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo de avaliação de risco à saúde humana a partir de um estudo de caso de uma área contaminada com hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs), considerando a exposição de futuros trabalhadores da área. Diante dos resultados obtidos foi realizada uma análise de sensibilidade dos parâmetros do meio físico da área de estudo para que fosse possível determinar e recomendar quais devem ser melhor investigados em estudos de áreas contaminadas com HPAs. Os resultados de risco à saúde humana mostraram que a rota de exposição mais crítica para o estudo de caso é a inalação de vapores em ambientes fechados, devido à ocorrência de compostos de baixo peso molecular, como o naftaleno. A análise de sensibilidade mostrou que o parâmetro do meio físico que exerceu maior influência nos resultados de risco à saúde humana foi a fração de carbono orgânico (FOC). Quanto maior a FOC menor foi o risco por inalação em ambientes abertos, fechados ou contato direto com a água subterrânea. / [en] In Brazil, the risks to human health from exposure to chemical compounds have been discussed since few years ago. In 2009 federal resolution CONAMA 420 was published, starting the regulation of this practice, and in 2013 the procedure of human health risk assessment (HHRA) in contaminated areas was regulated by the Brazilian Regulatory Standard (NBR) 16209. This dissertation presents a HHRA for a case study of an area contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), considering the exposure of future workers in the area. Based on the results a sensitivity analysis of the soil physical parameters of the study area was performed to determine and recommend which of the parameters should be further investigated in studies of areas contaminated with PAHs. The results of the HHRA showed that the most critical exposure pathway to case study is the inhalation of indoor air due to the occurrence of low molecular weight compounds such as naphthalene. The sensitivity analysis showed that the soil physical parameter that had greater influence on the risk results was the fraction of organic carbon (FOC). The higher the FOC the lower was the risk for inhalation in outdoor spaces, enclosed spaces or direct contact with groundwater.

Este trabalho teve por objetivo analisar o ambiente, as condições de trabalho e a saúde dos docentes em uma universidade pública brasileira. Para tal finalidade, propôs-se: i) identificar na literatura as principais questões relacionadas ao ambiente, às condições de trabalho e à saúde na profissão docente; ii) examinar os métodos e instrumentos mais utilizados para aferir essas questões; iii) investigar as demandas ergonômicas e de bem-estar dos respondentes; iv) verificar as possíveis associações dos desconfortos nocivos frente às características pessoais, circunstâncias e local de trabalho. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com 141 profissionais de ensino lotados na instituição. Além dos elementos pré e pós-textuais tradicionais, o referencial teórico, assim como os resultados e sua discussão são apresentados através de dois artigos encadeados, o primeiro teórico-conceitual e o segundo aplicado. A revisão de literatura proporcionou a reunião e síntese, de maneira sistemática, de estudos que abordam os temas: ambiente, condições de trabalho e saúde docente. Esta etapa auxiliou na subvenção de material bibliográfico para o amadurecimento e concretização da pesquisa aplicada. No segundo artigo, investigaram-se as principais demandas ergonômicas e de saúde dos docentes, além de questões sociodemográficas, de ambiente, percepções e relacionamentos no trabalho. Para identificar as regiões corporais acometidas por dor, bem como sua intensidade, recorreu-se ao Diagrama de Áreas Dolorosas, onde as regiões do corpo apontadas com desconforto ou dor pela maioria dos professores foram: cervical, pescoço, regiões superior, central e inferior das costas, ombros direito e esquerdo e o joelho direito. Destaca-se ainda que 97,9% dos professores possuem alguma dor ou desconforto em pelo menos uma região do corpo. O sofrimento psíquico, indicado por meio do Questionário de Saúde Geral (QSG-12), resultou que 35,5% dos respondentes apresentam sofrimento psíquico. A Qualidade de Vida em Voz (QVV), avaliada pelo protocolo homônimo, apresentou escore médio alto, 95,4 (escala de 0 a 100), para os participantes. A partir de testes estatísticos, identificaram-se fatores associados significativamente com estas duas aferições. Para o QGS-12 as características associadas foram: gênero, presença de ruído e temperatura em sala, consideração das sugestões, relacionamento com os colegas e com as chefias, rouquidão ou fraqueza na voz após um dia de trabalho, intensidade do desconforto ou dor no ombro direito, pescoço, cervical, região inferior das costas e ombro esquerdo. Para o QVV as características associadas foram: idade, quantidade de filhos, tempo de instituição, limpeza das salas, relacionamento com os alunos, rouquidão ou fraqueza na voz após um dia de trabalho, sumiço ou mudança repentina no tom da voz, perda temporária da voz, piora na qualidade da voz ao longo dos anos, consulta com especialista por causa da voz, interferência da capacidade auditiva na atividade, intensidade do desconforto ou dor no ombro direito, pescoço e ombro esquerdo. Concluiu-se que este estudo dissertativo será útil para a reflexão e apontamento de caminhos que suscitem a promoção da qualidade de vida e saúde no trabalho, e que possam prover de subsídios os docentes, os gestores e os pensadores de políticas públicas de recursos humanos da instituição. / This study aimed to analyze the environment, working conditions and health of faculty in a Brazilian public university. For this purpose, it was proposed: i) identify in the literature the main issues related to the environment, working conditions and health in the teaching profession; (ii) examine the methods and instruments most used to assess these issues; iii) investigate the ergonomic and welfare demands of the respondents; iv) to verify the possible associations of harmful discomforts in relation to personal characteristics, circumstances and workplace. This is a cross-sectional study, with 141 teaching professionals in the institution. In addition to the traditional pre and post-textual elements, the theoretical framework, as well as the results and their discussion are presented through two linked articles, the first theoretical-conceptual and the second applied. The literature review provided the systematic gathering and synthesis of studies that address the themes: environment, working conditions and faculty health. This stage assisted in the subsidization of bibliographic material for the maturation and concretization of applied research. In the second article, we investigated the main ergonomic and health demands of teachers, as well as sociodemographic, environmental, perceptions and relationships at work. To identify the body regions affected by pain, as well as its intensity, we used the Diagram of Painful Areas, where the regions of the body pointed with discomfort or pain by the majority of teachers were: cervical, neck, upper regions, central and lower back, right and left shoulder and right knee. It is also noted that 97.9% of teachers have some pain or discomfort in at least one region of the body. The psychological distress, indicated by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) resulted in 35.5% of respondents have psychological distress. The voice quality of life, estimated by the Voice-Related Quality of Life (VRQOL) protocol, showed high average score for the participants, 95.4 (scale of 0 to 100). From statistical tests, factors significantly associated with these two measurements were identified. For the GHQ-12 the associated characteristics were: gender, presence of noise and temperature in the room, consideration of suggestions, relationship with colleagues and bosses, hoarseness or weakness in the voice after a day of work, intensity of discomfort or pain in the right shoulder, neck, cervical, lower region of the back and left shoulder. For VRQOL, the associated characteristics were: age, number of children, length of institution, cleaning of rooms, relationship with students, hoarseness or weakness in the voice after a day's work, disappearance or sudden change in tone of voice, temporary loss of voice, worsening voice quality over the years, consultation with a specialist because of voice, interference of auditory capacity in the activity, intensity of discomfort or pain in the right shoulder, neck and left shoulder. It was concluded that this dissertation will be useful for the reflection and pointing of ways that promote the quality of life and health at work, and that can provide subsidies for teachers, managers and thinkers of public policies of human resources in the institution.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Detriments caused by ionizing radiation are the reason of many studies in medical physics. Both in experimental and computational fields, many studies seek to limit the risks involved in the practice with ionizing radiation. Accordingly, the field of computational simulation seeks to create scenarios in the most realistic way in order to measure with the greatest precision the radiation doses deposited in organs and tissues of patients, workers and the public. In this study, we generated scenarios that simulate exams involving mobile radiography equipment in beds of clinics and hospital. Through a pair of computational phantons, these scenarios allow the calculation of effective dose values and the conversion coefficients for individuals from the public and pacient based on the physical quantity absorbed dose. One of the simulators were irradiated with the direct beam (patient) simulating examinations of thorax and abdomen, each one with two fields of irradiation. For each of these situations, the X rays spectra were varied from 60 to 80 keV. The other simulator was positioned by the side of the patient simulator (individual from the public) from different distances for the assessment of the effective dose generated by the scattered beam and the subsequent calculation of the conversion coefficients. Regarding the effective dose measured in the patient, we obtained the maximum increase between the irradiation fields of 53,1% for thorax examination with 80 kVp. For abdomen examination, we obtained a maximum increase between the fields of irradiation of 6,4% to the beam of 80 kVp. For the radiation doses in the individual from the public, coming from the scattered beam, the maximum percentage difference between the ideal field and the extrapolated field was 76,1% when the beam was positioned at 50 cm away from the patient in a abdomen exam with 60 kVp. For the pacient, the greatest risk of cancer was 43,46.10-6 mGy-1 for extrapolated field with 80 kVp for abdomen examinations. For the individuals from the public, positioned at 200 cm, the risk of cancer decreases 83,0%, when it was positioned at 50 cm. Finally, radiation doses evaluated for a typical scenario in a hospital or clinic that provides services through mobile X ray equipment allows the measurement of possible damages related to this practice, both for the patient as for the individual from the public. / Os detrimentos causados pela radiação ionizante são a razão de diversos estudos na área da física médica. Tanto na área experimental quanto no campo computacional, diversos estudos buscam limitar os riscos que envolvem a prática com radiação ionizante. Nesse sentido, a área da simulação computacional busca criar cenários da forma mais real possível para mensurar com maior precisão as doses de radiação depositadas em cada órgão e tecido dos pacientes, trabalhadores e do público. Neste trabalho foram gerados cenários que simularam exames envolvendo equipamento de radiografia móvel em leitos de clínicas e hospitais. Através de uma dupla de simuladores computacionais, estes cenários permitem calcular os valores de dose efetiva bem como os coeficientes de conversão para indivíduos do público e pacientes baseados na grandeza física dose absorvida. Um dos simuladores foi irradiado com o feixe direto (paciente) simulando exames de tórax e abdômen, cada um com dois campos de irradiação. Para cada uma destas situações os espectros do feixe foram variados de 60 a 80 keV. O outro simulador foi posicionado ao lado (indivíduo do público) em diferentes distâncias para a avaliação da dose efetiva gerada pelo feixe espalhado e posterior cálculo dos coeficientes de conversão. Em relação à dose efetiva medida no paciente, foi obtido um aumento máximo entre os campos de irradiação de 53,1% para o exame de tórax com 80 kVp. Para o exame de abdômen foi obtido um aumento máximo entre os campos de irradiação de 6,4% para o feixe de 80 kVp. Para as doses de radiação, no indivíduo do público, proveniente do feixe espalhado, a diferença percentual máxima entre o campo ideal e o campo extrapolado foi de 76,1% quando o mesmo foi posicionado a 50 cm em um exame de abdômen com 60 kVp. Para o paciente, o maior risco de câncer foi de 43,46.10-6 mGy-1. para campo extrapolado a 80 kVp para exames de abdômen. Para um indivíduo do público posicionado a 200 cm, o risco de câncer diminui 83,0% quando o mesmo estava posicionado a 50 cm. Por fim, as doses de radiação avaliadas para um cenário típico em clínica e hospitais que prestam serviço com equipamento móvel de raios X permitem mensurar os possíveis danos relacionados a esta prática, tanto para o paciente quanto para o indivíduo do público.