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1	Herakleitos logos : Om några tolkningar av filosofins grundbegrepp Forsström, Adam January 2012 (has links) The philosopher Heraclitus has been renowned for a great amount of time. Despite that fact the remaining fragments of his work have just recently been assembled to the composed form they have today. Among these fragments there are a couple of terms that stands out amongst others; one of them is the term logos. The main focus of this thesis is devoted to the mystery and usage of the term logos, which comes into a great display in fragment number 50. The ambition of the thesis is to evaluate and compare three interpreters’ readings of Heraclitus while having a close focus on his usage of the word logos in fragment 50. One of these interpreters, Martin Heidegger, may have the most radical reading of Heraclitus’ logos among the three. Because of his philosophical standpoint he interprets Heraclitus in a way which has never been done before. The other two do not have Heidegger’s phenomenological perspective, by which Heidegger broadens our understanding of Heraclitus fragments, which isn’t as the thesis will show unproblematic. The other two interpreters G.S. Kirk and Charles H. Kahn both do a thorough reading and translation of all the fragments, whereas Heidegger is more selective in his reading of the fragments. Heidegger doesn’t have the same intention in his interpretation as Kirk or Kahn; therefore may he be said to be more selective in his reading of Heraclitus. While Kirk and Kahn depict a more naturalistic ethic tendency in Heraclitus, Heidegger illustrates an ontological tendency which speaks about being and its’ constitution and expression as such. At the end of the thesis there is an analytic part which compares and investigates the possible difficulties in comparing the three readings. The thesis acknowledges the possibility of impossibility in ever understanding the extent of Heraclitus thoughts around logos; the three interpreters hopefully show the scope of understanding Heraclitus’ thoughts around this term. Heraclitus logos Kirk Kahn Heidegger ontology Herakleitos logos Kirk Kahn Heidegger ontologi
2	Tingens lydnad och människans väntan : Nödvändighet, nåd, handling och tänkande i Simone Weils filosofi / The obedience of things and the waiting of man : Necessity, grace, action and thinking in Simone Weils philosophy Christola, Victor January 2017 (has links) This bachelor thesis engages in a quest to understand the concepts of necessity and grace in Simone Weils thinking. The question in play, in which many more questions lie hidden, reads as follows: How does Weil understand the operations of grace in relation to the ”blind necessity” of the natural world, and what are the philosophical implications of this concept of grace? What are, for instance, given her understanding of the world as God’s creation, the metaphysical grounds for a basic human activitiy such as thinking or reflexion? A reading of Simone Weils works on necessity, grace, affliction and attention is contrasted with her thoughts on science, method and truth. The concept of necessity is compared to the one of Spinoza, especially on the subject of how the good or the just relates to the true and the necessary: it shows there are interesting similarities and illuminating differences between the two philosophers’ lines of thought. Here, the concept of attention becomes central to the image: the idea of a cultivated mode of reception of the world and of the Other. Attention is analogously understood as a method of prayer and a cultivated ethical attitude towards other human beings – and an ideal scientific state of mind. In the final chapter of the analytic part of the composition, Weils concept of grace is investigated in regard to concepts of thinking and understanding. Here, Leibniz idea of the divine world and the divine mind plays a concise but important role on the matter of a tentative metaphysical grounding of thinking as such – how this can be thought and how it reflects and deepens Simone Weils metaphysics, especially her understanding of the highest states of insight into the nature of the world as partly a work of divine grace. In the last chapter Walter Benjamins vision of the coming philosophy as a consolidation between Immanuel Kants transcendental philosophy and religious experience – and religious thought – show the way for further investigation into the field, a field that the thesis has outlined at the same time as it has attempted to answer some specific questions that seems to be the most urgent ones. Weil Simone Weil nödvändighet nåd handling tänkande amor fati uppmärksamhet kärlek rättvisa etik moral epistemologi vetenskapsteori vetenskap empiri deduktion analogi matematik ödet tyngden tyngdlagen insikt styrka Homeros Galilei Newton Spinoza Winch Leibniz Nietzsche Cockburn Kate Larson Rhees Herakleitos Parmenides Lacan Boethius Jesus Platon Walter Benjamin Philosophy Filosofi

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Herakleitos logos : Om några tolkningar av filosofins grundbegrepp

Tingens lydnad och människans väntan : Nödvändighet, nåd, handling och tänkande i Simone Weils filosofi / The obedience of things and the waiting of man : Necessity, grace, action and thinking in Simone Weils philosophy