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The Chymical Wedding of Benjamin Roylance is a collection of poetry. It is interested in themes of occultism, identity, alchemy, ufology, and rebirth.

Neste trabalho aplica-se um método semi-empírico que utiliza uma técnica de otimização não linear para determinação das eficiências volumétrica e combinada do compressor hermético alternativo. Relações para estimar aproximadamente o fluxo de massa e a potência elétrica do compressor também são propostas. Todas estas características do compressor são calculadas através das relações físicas do modelo, empregadas nos cálculos de otimização. O método é implementado no software EES (Engineering Equation Solver) e baseia-se nos trabalhos de Jahing (1999) e Jahing et al. (2000). No presente método, cinco medições experimentais do fluxo de massa e potência elétrica são suficientes para determinar os parâmetros de ajuste do modelo. Este procedimento permite a geração de mapas de compressores satisfatórios sem a necessidade de um maior número de dados experimentais como no caso da norma ARI 540. Estes resultados obtidos com o modelo podem ser usados para o projeto de novos compressores. / In the present work is applied a semi-empirical method that uses a non-linear optimization technique for determination of the volumetric and combined efficiencies of hermetic reciprocating compressor. Relations to approximately estimate the mass flow and the electric power of the compressor are also proposed. All these compressor characteristics are calculated through physical model relations, used in the optimization calculations. The method is implemented in the EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software and is based on the works of Jahing (1999) and Jahing et al. (2000). In the method, four experimental measurements of the mass flow and electric power are enough to determine the fitting parameters of the model. This procedure allows the generation of satisfactory compressor maps without the necessity of a higher number of experimental data, as in the case of norm ARI 540 application. The results obtained with the model can be used for the design of new compressors.

Neste trabalho aplica-se um método semi-empírico que utiliza uma técnica de otimização não linear para determinação das eficiências volumétrica e combinada do compressor hermético alternativo. Relações para estimar aproximadamente o fluxo de massa e a potência elétrica do compressor também são propostas. Todas estas características do compressor são calculadas através das relações físicas do modelo, empregadas nos cálculos de otimização. O método é implementado no software EES (Engineering Equation Solver) e baseia-se nos trabalhos de Jahing (1999) e Jahing et al. (2000). No presente método, cinco medições experimentais do fluxo de massa e potência elétrica são suficientes para determinar os parâmetros de ajuste do modelo. Este procedimento permite a geração de mapas de compressores satisfatórios sem a necessidade de um maior número de dados experimentais como no caso da norma ARI 540. Estes resultados obtidos com o modelo podem ser usados para o projeto de novos compressores. / In the present work is applied a semi-empirical method that uses a non-linear optimization technique for determination of the volumetric and combined efficiencies of hermetic reciprocating compressor. Relations to approximately estimate the mass flow and the electric power of the compressor are also proposed. All these compressor characteristics are calculated through physical model relations, used in the optimization calculations. The method is implemented in the EES (Engineering Equation Solver) software and is based on the works of Jahing (1999) and Jahing et al. (2000). In the method, four experimental measurements of the mass flow and electric power are enough to determine the fitting parameters of the model. This procedure allows the generation of satisfactory compressor maps without the necessity of a higher number of experimental data, as in the case of norm ARI 540 application. The results obtained with the model can be used for the design of new compressors.

The aim of my thesis is to improve the orientation of students in the field of the basic hermetic sciences, for exemple the alchemy, the astrology and the magic, which are developping also nowadays. The first part of my thesis is considered to describe the renewal of the hermetism in Bohemia in the end of 19th century and to watch its development till the 30th of the 20th century. Another part of my project decribes the hermetic society "Universalia" and it presents the main and significant members of this groupe. Chapiters that follow this text deal with the alchemy, the astrology and the magic - it's the essential part of my theses. They are considered to explain the young people these terms, to present them the history of these hermetic sciences, to open the scientific approach and first of all to compare several texts of czech hermetics of the limited period with the contemporary view with the following purpose - to instruct the students to approach to the hermetic science in the critic and cautious way. The last text is dedicated to the ocult science in the nazi Germany and to its relation with Bohemia.

Threshold leak sizes and leak rates were calculated for a number of liquid food products exhibiting a wide range of surface tension and viscosity values. From this data, one can see that mathematically, under typical pressure differentials generated in food packages (less than or equal to ±34.5 kPa), a leak will never start through a 2 μm defect. The calculated leak rates were compared to calculated evaporation rates. The evaporation rate exceeds the leak rate at lower sized microholes (2, and 5 μm diameter) under typical pressure differentials found in food packages. If the liquid, typically aqueous in food products, is evaporating off faster than the leak itself, then there will be solids left behind that could effectively plug the leak. The critical leak size is the size micro-defect that allows microbial penetration into the package. The critical leak size of air-filled defects was found to be 7 μm at all pressures tested. This size is considerably important to food packagers because this is when sterility of the package is lost. Previous leak studies have shown that the critical leak size for liquid-filled defects coincide with the threshold leak size and pressure. If this is in fact true, then air-filled defects should exhibit a larger critical leak size than the liquid-filled defects. In this study, air-filled defects were examined. A bioaerosol exposure chamber was used to test micro-defects, nickel microtubes of known diameters 2, 5, 7, 10, 20, and 50 μm hydraulic diameters, against pressure differentials of 0, -6.9, -13.8, and -34.5 kPa. / Master of Science

This Master´s thesis is about ways of packages of integration circuits and modules. Especially it´s about non-hermetic types of packages. One part of this paper are basic information about packaging and aspects in design of package. Next parts are design of test samples, which are package to epoxide powder material. Based on the results of the tests method, it will propose, where the technology will be used.

Silicon Carbide (SiC) is increasingly gaining attention as a potential fuel cladding material, on account of its favorable thermo-mechanical and neutronic properties. The major limitations of such a cladding is currently associated with joining and hermetic sealing. The work presented here investigated the use of Al, Cr and Fe metals and a specialized alloy (FeCrAl) to achieve hermetic sealing of SiC tubes as well as a joining technology of SiC. Major part of solving this issue requires addressing joining of ceramic and metallic components, which are largely dissimilar in both thermal and mechanical properties. Preliminary experiments to bond SiC with FeCrAl resulted in adverse separation partially attributed to the differences in thermal expansion mismatch. To alleviate these problems, thin and thick coatings of the metals and alloys were applied to SiC. Qualitative microstructural characterization of the final product indicated satisfactory bonding between the materials.

Né à Castello près de Florence, Mario Luzi est consideré aujourd’hui comme une des voix plus nobles de la poésie en Europe. Le corpus des textes choisis pour l’étude est constitué par l’édition suivante: Mario Luzi, L’opera poetica, a cura di S. Verdino, Milano, Mondadori, «I Meridiani», 1998. Le volume, établi par l’auteur même, est divisé chronologiquement en trois parties: Il giusto della vita, Nell’opera del mondo et Frasi nella luce nascente. À partir de cette organisation textuelle, notre projet de recherche analyse l’œuvre poétique de Luzi, de son premier recueil La Barca (1935), qui marque sa saison hermétique, jusqu’à Viaggio terrestre e celeste di Simone Martini (1994), qui représente sa pleine maturité artistique. Les nombreuses occurrences des lexèmes «vita» et «filo» dès les premiers recueils confirment que le thème de la vie est le fil principal de l’œuvre poétique luzienne, mais autour de ce fil Luzi tisse d’autres fils poétiques : le sourire, la lumière, le voyage (comme métaphore de la vie). La tendance critique dominante préfère étudier un recueil en particulier, ou s’arrête tout au plus à l’analyse d’un ensemble homogène de recueils. Au contraire nous estimons que la lecture transversale et l’exploration intertextuelle de l’ensemble de l’œuvre poétique luzienne permettent de jeter un nouvel éclairage sur le processus de composition et en même temps de tracer des pistes herméneutiques originales. À travers sa poésie Luzi traque les raisons dernières de l’existence, les transformations perpétuelles du réel et les contradictions qui hantent l’homme moderne, remettant sans cesse en question les certitudes pour tenter d’atteindre à une vérité plus profonde. / Born in Castello, near Florence, Mario Luzi is today regarded as one of the highest poetical voice in Europe. The corpus of texts adopted to studying is Mario Luzi, The poetical works, edited by Stefano Verdino, Milano, Mondadori, «I Meridiani», 1998, which is divided into three chronological parts: Il giusto della vita, Nell’opera del mondo and Frasi nella luce nascente. From this textual organization, approved by the author, our project of research analyses Mario Luzi’s poetical works from his first book of verse, La barca (1935), which marks his hermetic season to Viaggio terrestre e celeste di Simone Martini (1994), which represents his full artistic maturity. The high frequency of words «vita» and «filo» in his first books of verse reveals that the theme of life is the principal thread of Luzi’s poetical works, but he interweaves metaphorically others poetic threads such as the thread of smile, the thread of light and the thread of voyage (as metaphor of life). Generally critics examine only one book of verse or no more of a homogeneous collection of poems. On the contrary, we think that a transversal reading and an intertextual exploration of the whole Luzi’poetical works give a new point of view on his artistic process of composition and at the same time they show original interpretations. By his poetry Mario Luzi pursues the ultimate aims of existence, the continuous transformations of reality, the modern human contradictions, and comes certitudes into question to achieve a more deep truth.

Novel processes were developed that resulted in a self-packaged device during the system integration, along with a transparent lid for inspection or optical probing. A new process was developed for improving the verticality in Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) structures using Deep Reactive Ion Etching (DRIE). A self-pattered, mask-less photolithography technique was developed to metallize these vertical structures while maintaining a transparent window, for packaging of various MEMS devices. The verticality and metallization coverage were evaluated by incorporating the MEMS structures into an optical Corner Cube Retroreflector (CCR). A low temperature, hermetic sealing technique was also developed using In-Au thermo-compression bonding at 160°C. Cross-shaped 550um deep vertical mirrors, with sidewall angles of 90.08° were etched with this new DRIE technique. This is the best reported sidewall angle for such deep structures. The typical scalloped DRIE sidewall roughness was reduced to 40nm using wet polishing. A bonded Pyrex wafer was used as the handle wafer during DRIE; it eventually forms the package window after DRIE. The metallized, vertical mirrors were bonded to a MEMS device chip to assemble and package the CCR. The MEMS device chip consisted of an array of torsion mirrors. The mirrors were designed to modulate at 6Vp-p - 20Vp-p, with the resonant frequencies ranging from 25 KHz - 50 KHz. The design and simulation results are presented. To test the hermetic seal, helium leak tests were performed on the packaged device. Leak rates of as low as 2.8x10-8 atm cc/s air were detected, which is better than the MIL-STD-883G of 5x10-8 atm cc/s air for a package volume of 7.8x10-3 CC. A microprocessor and temperature/humidity sensor was then integrated with the CCR to assemble a passive optical digital data communicator. A flexible circuit design and a folded packaging scheme were utilized to minimize the overall form factor. Flat, flexible polymer batteries were incorporated to reduce the thickness of the package to a few millimeters. The fully packaged sensor system was about 30mmx30mmx6mm. Recorder sensor data was transmitted to a remote location using the CCR, and those results are presented.