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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-93). / v, 93 leaves, bound 29 cm

The aim of this paper is to examine how the religions Hinduism and Buddhism compared to Christianity are portrayed and described, in a number of Swedish text books. The research questions used in order to reach the aim of the study are: How are Hinduism and Buddhism portrayed in comparison to Christianity in textbooks, Are the religions described in relation to a Christian norm in the textbooks and in what ways, and How can the portrayal of the religions be understood using theories of religious change in a modern Swedish context? The study is based on four Swedish text books used in Swedish primary school and upper secondary school. All of the books are written in correlation with the latest curriculum for the Swedish school system. The research method used in this study is qualitative content analysis. The theoretical framework is based on Kumashiro’s theory about anti-oppressive pedagogy combined with studies of religious change in modern day Sweden. The result of the study shows that the descriptions of the religions Hinduism and Buddhism are different from how the authors describe Christianity. The authors mostly point out and focus on the philosophical sides of Hinduism and Buddhism, while the main focus in the texts about Christianity is on Christian history. Hindu- ism and Buddhism tend to be described through the lenses of stereotypes which are also upheld by the fact that some of the authors gives a more nuanced picture of Christianity. Most of the authors agree on that religion in the Western world and especially in Sweden is a private matter. When the authors describe the religions in their original countries the descriptions and portrayals vary and the religions are described both as private and public.

From the perspective of the present day, Puritan-inspired capitalism seems to have succeeded globally, including in India. Connected to this, short-term profit-orientation in management seems to constrain the scope of different management approaches in a tight ideological corset. This article discusses the possibility of replacing this Puritan doctrine with the crucial elements of Indian philosophy: Karma and samsara. In doing so, the possibility of revising the guiding principles in capitalist management becomes conceivable, namely the monetary focus of profit-orientation and its short-term orientation. This perspective allows a detachment of the concept of profit from the realm of money, as the seemingly only objectifiable measure of profit. Furthermore it allows a removal of the expectation that every "investment" has to directly "pay off". A karmic view offers management a possible facility for being more caring about the needs and fates of other stakeholders, as profit-orientation would no longer be attached as a factual constraint to merely accumulate money. (author's abstract)

published_or_final_version / Asian Studies / Master / Master of Arts

Nyāya is the premier realist school of philosophy in classical India. It is also the home of a sophisticated epistemology and natural theology. This dissertation presents a distinctive interpretation of Nyāya’s epistemology and considers how it may be developed in response to various classical and contemporary challenges. I argue that it is best understood as a type of reliabilism, provided relevant qualifications. Moreover, I show that a number of apparently distinct features of Nyāya’s approach to knowledge tightly cohere when seen as components of a thoroughgoing epistemological disjunctivism. I defend Nyāya epistemology as a viable contemporary option, illustrating how it avoids problems faced by generic reliabilism. In the second portion of the dissertation, I examine the way in which Nyāya’s knowledge sources (perception, inference, and testimony) are deployed in support of a theistic metaphysics, highlighting Nyāya’s principled extension of its views of knowledge acquisition. In an appendix, I provide a full translation and commentary on an argument for God’s existence by Vācaspati Miśra (a 10th century philosopher who is unique in having shaped several distinct schools), found in his commentary on Nyāya-sūtra 4.1.21. / text

論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學硏究院哲學學部,1994. / 參考文獻: leaves [1-2] (second group) / 張美德. / Chapter 1. --- 導論 / Chapter 1.1 --- 知覺問題在知識論中的重要性 / Chapter 1.2 --- 印度哲學知識問題之起源 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- 哲學的起始階段 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- 非吠陀傳統哲學的萌芽 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- 吠陀傳統哲學的發展 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- 彌曼差學派 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- 正理學派 / Chapter 1.2.6 --- 早期的瑜伽行派 / Chapter 1.2.7 --- 陳那開展的新因明 / Chapter 2. --- 彌曼差學派知識論中的知覺問題 / Chapter 2.1 --- 知識的來源 / Chapter 2.2 --- 現量的性質 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- 兩個層次的現量 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- 知覺知識的定義與圼現的內容 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- 知覺知識的判準 / Chapter 2.3 --- 正確性與不正確性並非對立 / Chapter 3. --- 正理學派知識觀的知覺知題 / Chapter 3.1 --- 四種不正確知識 / Chapter 3.2 --- 正確知識的四個來源 / Chapter 3. 3 --- 現量的條件和對象 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- 感覺器官及其對象 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- 不能言說的現量 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- 無誤的現量 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- 決定的現量 / Chapter 3.4 --- 現量與比量的相同作用 / Chapter 4. --- 佛教瑜伽行派之量論 / Chapter 4.1 --- << 瑜伽師地論>> 的三種量 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- 比量 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- 正教量 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- 現量的三類反面條件 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- 四種現量 / Chapter 4.2 --- 陳那對量論的改革 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- 說真現量 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- 說似現量 / Chapter 5. --- <<集量論 >>對別派之評與三糸的異同 / Chapter 5 . 1 --- <<集量論 >>對別派之批評 / Chapter 5.1.1 --- 彌曼差學派 / Chapter 5.1.2 --- 正理學派 / Chapter 5. 2 --- 知覺的活動禾口效用 / Chapter 5 .3 --- 知覺知識的判準