Este estudo se constituiu a partir da contextualização histórica da imprensa feminina e da história da beleza, com contribuições das obras de Mattelart, Buitoni e Sant\'Anna. Foi adotada a análise de conteúdo como método e incorporados conceitos de Foucault, Charaudeau, Courtine e Vigarello, na leitura do corpus de nossa pesquisa empírica, recortes das revistas femininas Claudia e Marie Claire. Na pesquisa foi constada que a fala sobre a saúde da mulher está presente também na editoria de beleza das revistas femininas. Ela aparece na presença recorrente de vozes de autoridades de áreas médicas, mas também da nutrição e de profissionais da educação física, entre outros. Foi investigado de que forma essa fala aparece dentro do universo da beleza regulando, orientando, controlando os hábitos e os significados do corpo da mulher. Foram analisadas reportagens que falavam sobre a saúde nas editorias de beleza das revistas Claudia e Marie Claire, de maio de 2014 até maio de 2015. A partir da seleção de matérias, foi feito um levantamento dos temas e fontes consultadas para, em seguida, expor as recorrências, os usos de mecanismos de controle e reforço de estereótipos. Foi encontrado um desequilíbrio em relação à escolha de fontes, sendo que vozes de autoridade médica chegam a se repetir em mais de uma reportagem, enquanto a presença da leitora é insignificante. Constatou-se que a editoria de beleza é a área privilegiada de divulgação dos conhecimentos da dermatologia, que controla pele, cabelos, unhas e mucosas. O corpo da mulher é repartido em reportagens centralizadas em unidades cada vez menores, assim como o tempo é ordenado em seu cotidiano, mas também em ciclos de urgência e renovação. Ambos representam estratégias de controle da rotina e do corpo. O que também define o corpo biológica e socialmente são os aparelhos de ginástica, a motricidade ordenada da prática física com seus gestos mecânicos repetidos e a frequência exigida. A influência dos Estados Unidos foi outro elemento constatado, por exemplo, com as celebridades como porta-vozes de noções essenciais ao funcionamento da cultura de massa, mas também com o pensamento puritano inspirando a disciplina necessária à prática da atividade física. A análise mostrou como as editorias de beleza nas revistas de maior número de vendas ao público feminino no Brasil agem em favor da normatização estereotipada da mulher, dentro da sociedade do consumo, e expõe desafios para jornalistas da imprensa feminina, especialmente a especializada no universo da beleza. Desafios para as que desejam promover reflexão e serviço para suas leitoras, apoiados em referências como os estudos de gênero. / This study was constituted from the historical context of women\'s press and the history of beauty, with contributions from the works of Mattelart, Buitoni and Sant\'Anna. It was adopted the content analysis as a method and incorporated concepts of Foucault, Charaudeau, Courtine and Vigarello, reading the corpus of our empirical research, clippings of women\'s magazines Claudia and Marie Claire. In the survey was revealed that the speech about women\'s health is also present in the editorship of the beauty of women\'s magazines. It appears in the recurring presence of medical authorities voices, but also nutrition and physical education professionals, among others. It was investigated how this speech appears in the universe of beauty regulating, guiding, controlling habits and meanings of the woman\'s body. Reports that talked about health in editorial beauty of magazines Claudia and Marie Claire were analyzed from May 2014 to May 2015. From the selection of materials, a survey was made of the topics and sources consulted to expose recurrences, uses control mechanisms and reinforcing stereotypes. An imbalance was found in relation to the choice of sources, and medical authority voices repeat in more than one report, while the presence of the reader is negligible. It was found that the editorship of beauty is the prime area of dissemination of knowledge of dermatology, which controls skin, hair, nails and mucous membranes. Reports are centralized into smaller and smaller units of the divided woman\'s body, as well as the time ordained in daily lives, but also in emergency and renewal cycles. Both represent control strategies of routine and body. What also define the body, biological and socially, are the fitness equipment, the ordered motivity of physical practice with repeated mechanical gestures and frequency required. The US influence was another element found, for example, with celebrities as spokespersons of the main concepts for the operation of mass culture, but also with the puritanical thought inspiring the discipline to physical activity. The analysis showed how the editorial beauty in magazines of higher sales at women in Brazil act in favor of stereotypical norms of women within the society of consumption, and exposes challenges for journalists of women\'s press, especially specialized in the universe beauty. Challenges for who wishes to promote reflection and service to readers, supported by references to gender studies.

Este estudo investiga e analisa as publicações periódicas brasileiras criadas no século XIX e realiza um resgate histórico e panorâmico da trajetória da criação jornalística em revistas, do nascimento da imprensa no país até a virada para o século XX. Elaborado como uma grande reportagem, o trabalho acompanha o desenvolvimento histórico das revistas no século em que trilhamos os primeiros passos de vida independente e busca entender o processo de formação do público leitor e o papel que o jornalismo e em particular as revistas desempenhou na discussão dos caminhos que o país queria trilhar. Em sete capítulos, a pesquisa se detém em alguns periódicos que foram marcos no aprimoramento de redatores, impressores, caricaturistas, diagramadores. As primeiras revistas, saídas da Impressão Régia, criada em 1808; a chegada dos impressores contratados fora ou que vinham para o Brasil fazer a América; os primeiros desenhistas e ilustradores; a entrada das mulheres nas redações; a contribuição dos livreiros; o auge das semanais ilustradas no período de estabilidade do Segundo Império e a discussão e os debates promovidos por elas em torno da desgastante Guerra do Paraguai, da libertação dos escravos ou do final do Império e da implantação da República, são os conteúdos desses capítulos que contam a trajetória das revistas brasileiras no século XIX. / This study investigates and analyzes the Brazilian regular publications founded in the 19th century and recovers the historic and panoramic course of the journalistic creation in the magazines of the 19th century, from the birth of the press in the country to the turn of the 20th century. Elaborated as a great news report, this study follows the historical development of the magazines in the century in which we tracked the first steps of our independence, and tries to understand the process of making up the reading public, as well as the role that journalism especially the magazines has played in the discussion of the paths the country intended to trail. In seven chapters, the research dwells on some publications which were landmarks for the improvement of writers, pressmen, cartoonists, designers. The first magazines, published by Impressão Régia (name of the Brazilian official printing house), founded in 1808, the arrival of the pressmen hired overseas or coming to Brazil with the aim of making up America; the first draftsmen and illustrators; the admission of women in newsrooms; the contribution of booksellers; the pinnacle of the illustrated weekly magazines in the steady period of the Second Empire in Brazil in addition to the discussion and debates promoted by them on the outwearing Paraguay War, on the freedom of slaves or on the end of the Empire, as well as the implementation of the Republic, constitute the contents of the chapters giving an account of the development of Brazilian magazines in the 19th century.

Opinião (1972-1977) é um dos mais importantes jornais da imprensa alternativa. O semanário nasceu para fazer a oposição ao regime militar através da união entre várias tendências políticas, na chamada Frente Ampla. Mesmo com forte censura, surgiu um tipo de crítica progressista caracterizada pelo profundo debate político e estético. A discussão do cinema não era feita só do ponto de vista da estética, mas também como imperativo político contra o regime militar. Analisamos as metodologias dos críticos Jean-Claude Bernardet, Sérgio Augusto, Marcos Ribas de Farias, Gustavo Dahl, José Carlos Avellar e Clóvis Marques para observar como cada um deles articula nos textos os imperativos da estética e da política. Na recepção aos filmes, algumas temáticas estão sempre presentes: o papel do intelectual, a discussão sobre a cultura popular e a linguagem cinematográfica mais adequada para conquistar o público brasileiro. O objetivo da tese é avaliar como os críticos reelaboram e reconstroem um projeto político e estético para o cinema brasileiro nos anos setenta. Nas disputas internas do jornal, é possível também acompanhar como as questões da resistência cultural se fazem presentes no cotidiano dos críticos de cinema. / Opinião (1972-1977) is one of the most important newspapers of the underground press. The weekly was born to do the opposition to the military regime through the union of many political tendencies, the so-called Broad Front. Even with strong censorship it came\'s a kind of progressive criticism characterized by deep political and aesthetic debate. The film discussion was made not only from de aesthetic point of view, but also as a political imperative against the military regime. We analyze the methodologies of film critics Jean-Claude Bernardet, Sérgio Augusto, Marcos Ribas de Farias, Gustavo Dahl, José Carlos Avellar and Clóvis Marques to observe how each one articulated in the texts the aesthetics and politics imperatives. At the reception of movies, some issues are always present: the role of the intellectual, the discussion about popular culture and the most appropriate language film to win the Brazilian public. The aim of this thesis is to assess how critics reconstruct and rebuild a political and aesthetic project for the Brazilian cinema in the seventies. In the internal disputes of the newspaper, we can also follow how the cultural resistance matters are present in the routine of film critics

Esta dissertação de mestrado procura reconstruir e interpretar uma fase da carreira do artista italiano Angelo Agostini (1843-1910) na revista ilustrada A Vida Fluminense (1868-1875), focalizando sobretudo As aventuras de Nhô-Quim. Reconhecido com um dos mais importantes artistas gráficos do século XIX, Agostini teve uma longa carreira que se inicia em São Paulo em 1864 e continua no Rio de Janeiro onde, a partir de 1867, participa também de veículos como O Arlequim, O Mosquito, e lança títulos como Don Quixote e a Revista Illustrada, o mais importante periódico da imprensa humorística da época. A Vida Fluminense é a primeira revista em que Agostini aparece como sócioproprietário e marca uma fase de transição em sua carreira, onde demonstra maturidade artística e esboça preocupações políticas que se concretizariam em sua produção futura. Também é nessa folha ilustrada que Angelo Agostini dá início à narrativa visual seqüencial As aventuras de Nhô-Quim, série em 14 episódios, publicada a partir de janeiro de 1869 e continuada por Candido Aragonez de Faria em 1872, quando então é interrompida, sem uma conclusão. O propósito desse trabalho é evidenciar como a efêmera série criada por Agostini apresenta pitorescos flagrantes de relações sociais entre os habitantes da corte e as oligarquias rurais na segunda metade do século XIX. / The present work intends to reconstruct and interpret part of the career of the Italian artist Angelo Agostini and his work for the magazine A Vida Fluminense (1868-1875). Recognized as one of the greatest illustrators of the nineteen century, Agostini had a long career that started in 1864 in Sao Paulo and continues in Rio de Janeiro where after 1867, he participated also in O Arlequim, O Mosquito and after that launched magazines like Don Quixote and Revista Illustrada, the most important title of humor magazines than. A Vida Fluminense was the first magazine issued by Agostini and was a sign of the transition in his artistic career, when he reveals the maturity of his work and produces some of political charges that will be his trade mark in the future. Also in A Vida Fluminense Agostini issued As Aventuras de Nhô-Quim, a sequential art series started in January 1869 and that was continued by Candido Aragonez de Faria in 1872, when it was interrupted. The purpose of this work is to evidence how the series created by Agostini show us picturesque instants of sociability between urban citizens of Rio de Janeiro and the so called aristocratic farmers in the mid nineteen century.

Cette thèse propose la première étude de la Revue de Paris depuis sa création en avril 1829 jusqu’à sa vente en mai 1834 et a pour but de définir l’identité de ce périodique littéraire.La première partie de cette thèse tente ainsi de replacer « La Revue de Paris en son temps ». Tout d’abord, dans une approche qui appartient au domaine de la sociologie de la littérature, l’auteur recrée le tissu social constitué par les hommes qui dirigent la Revue, par ceux qui lui permettent d’exister financièrement, et enfin par ceux qui y publient. Cette première approche sociologique fait apparaître la profonde diversité des collaborateurs : dès le début, la Revue de Paris s’affirme comme un « panthéon où son admis tous les cultes ». Cette métaphore, qui donne son sous-titre à cette thèse, est tirée du texte liminaire qui annonce la création de l’Album, en novembre 1829 et donne une indication de l’éclectisme qui préside au choix des auteurs dont les articles sont publiés. La lecture de la Revue sous un angle politique, qui constitue le deuxième chapitre de cette thèse, laisse apparaître un ancrage libéral de la Revue. La Revue participe à sa façon à la chute de Charles X. La Revue de Paris se situe au centre-droit. D’abord favorable au nouveau régime, la Revue se fait de plus en plus critique envers l’orléanisme, et le choix de Pichot d’abandonner la « Revue politique » ne fait que confirmer l’éloignement grandissant entre la Revue de Paris et le régime de Juillet.Enfin, cette première approche de l’identité de la Revue analyse sa place dans le champ de la presse littéraire entre 1829 et 1834. Au moment de sa création, la Revue est considérée par son créateur comme la version française des Reviews et Magazines britanniques. Entre 1829 et 1834, et contrairement à ce qu’affirme la longue tradition critique qui fait de la Revue des deux mondes la principale revue littéraire du début des années 1830, la Revue de Paris est le véritable modèle de l’époque.À la fin de cette première partie, les approches combinées de la sociologie littéraire, de la politique et de l’histoire de la presse amène l’auteur à donner une première définition de la Revue de Paris : elle est éclectique, mondaine, libérale et se situe tout en haut de la « pyramide » de la presse littéraire. Au cours de ses cinq années d’existence, elle a été le plus grand périodique littéraire français. Il s’agit alors, après avoir replacé la Revue en son temps, d’interroger le cœur même de la Revue, c’est-à-dire les articles qu’elle publie. Faisant le choix de traiter tout d’abord la création littéraire, l’auteur analyse les textes sous l’angle générique. La création littéraire de la Revue traite les grands thèmes de la littérature de 1830, et en ce sens la Revue est le miroir de son époque. Néanmoins, s’il n’y a pas à proprement parler de « littérature Revue de Paris », la Revue doit être considérée comme un creuset des genres littéraires. Concernant la nouvelle, elle trouve dans la Revue des réalisations dont la variété repose essentiellement sur l’hybridité. Parce qu’elle offre aux auteurs une grande liberté créative, la Revue se définit comme un panthéon où l’imagination se concrétise dans des formes narratives plurielles. Au contraire, la production dramatique est dominée par le genre du proverbe. Quant à la poésie, elle apparaît comme la partie littéraire la plus faible. Cet ensemble est dominé par des auteurs majeurs et mineurs du romantisme, à tel point que l’on peut considérer la Revue de Paris comme une revue romantique. Néanmoins, la partie critique oblige à nuancer cette analyse : la critique littéraire de la Revue de Paris laisse apparaître une critique parfois violente du romantisme. La condamnation morale de la littérature se fait de plus en plus insistante au fil des mois, LA revue romantique par excellence se révèle être le « panthéon où sont admis tous les cultes », qu’ils soient romantiques ou antiromantiques. En réalité, la Revue est le miroir de son époque. / This dissertation proposes the first study of the Revue de Paris since its creation in April 1829 until its sale in May 1834 and aims to define the identity of this literary periodical.The first part of this thesis attempts to replace "The Revue de Paris in its time". First of all, in an approach that belongs to the field of sociology of literature, the author recreates the social fabric constituted by the men who lead the Journal, by those who allow it to exist financially, and finally by those who publish there. This first sociological approach shows the deep diversity of the collaborators: from the beginning, the Revue de Paris is affirmed as a "pantheon where are admitted all the cults". This metaphor, which gives its subtitle to this thesis, is taken from the introductory text that announces the creation of the Album, in November 1829 and gives an indication of the eclecticism that governs the choice of authors whose articles are published. The reading of the Review from a political angle, which constitutes the second chapter of this dissertation, reveals the liberalism of the Review. The Review participates in its own way to the fall of Charles X. The Revue de Paris is located in the center-right. Initially favorable to the new regime, the Review is becoming increasingly critical of Orleanism, and the choice of Pichot to abandon the "Political Review" only confirms the growing distance between the Revue de Paris and the July polity. Finally, this first approach to the identity of the Review analyzes its place in the field of the literary press between 1829 and 1834. At the time of its creation, the Review is considered by its creator as the French version of British Reviews and Magazines. Between 1829 and 1834, and contrary to what affirms the long critical tradition that makes the Revue des deux mondes the main literary review of the early 1830s, the Revue de Paris is the true model of the time. The combined approaches of literary sociology, politics and the history of the press lead the author to give a first definition of the Revue de Paris: it is eclectic, mundane, liberal and is at the top of the "pyramid" of the literary press. During its five years of existence, it was the largest French literary periodical. It is then, after having replaced the Review in its time, to question the very heart of the Review, that is to say the articles it publishes.Making the choice to treat literary creation first, the author analyzes texts from the generic point of view. The literary creation of the Revue deals with the great themes of the literature of 1830, and in this sense the Review is the mirror of its time. Nevertheless, if there is not, strictly speaking, a "Revue de Paris literature", the Review must be considered as a crucible of literary genres. Concerning the short story, it find in the Review of the achievements whose variety rests essentially on the hybridity. Beyond its simple entertaining function, the short story is a success mainly based on its plasticity, which allows it to be both exotic and historical, exotic and fanciful, historical and frantic ... Because it offers authors a great creative freedom, the Revue defines itself as a pantheon where the imagination is concretized in plural narrative forms. On the contrary, dramatic production is dominated by the genre of the proverb. As for poetry, it appears as the weakest literary part. This set is dominated by major and minor authors of Romanticism, so much so that one can consider the Revue de Paris as a romantic review. Nevertheless, the critical part makes it necessary to qualify this analysis: the literary criticism of the Revue de Paris reveals a sometimes violent critique of romanticism. The moral condemnation of literature is becoming increasingly insistent over the months, THE ultimate romantic review proves to be the "pantheon where are admitted all the cults", whether romantic or anti-romantic. In fact, the Review is the mirror of its time.

Ce mémoire propose l’étude de l’exposition universelle de Paris 1900 par l’analyse discursive des articles de journaux, de La Presse et de La Patrie qui se penchent sur l’évènement. En ce sens, notre étude se situe au croisement de différents champs historiographiques. Le milieu de la presse imprimée subit d’importants changements dans la seconde moitié du 19e siècle autant en ce qui concerne le contenu des journaux que les planches en elles-mêmes. Les expositions universelles, ces « lieux-moments », évoluent également et culminent en cette célébration du 19e siècle se déroulant à Paris en 1900. Plusieurs questions de recherche animent ce mémoire, notamment : quel traitement la presse réserve-t-elle au Québec et au Canada français à l’exposition? Quelle est la place de l’Autre dans les articles? Y a-t-il des différences dans le contenu des articles qui portent sur les nations européennes et ceux qui se penchent sur la présence, à l’exposition, des colonies et des pays de ce qu’on appelait l’Orient? Dans un premier temps, le corpus de sources médiatiques est sujet à une rapide analyse quantitative qui nous permet de classer les articles dans différentes catégories soit, publicités, articles politiques, articles de divertissement et chroniques. Cette première étape de l’analyse nous permet de prendre le pouls du poids qu’occupe l’exposition universelle dans les quotidiens étudiés. L’analyse discursive de ces articles de journaux nous permet, dans un second temps, de relever certains aspects de la présence canadienne à l’exposition. Ils nous éclairent sur le contenu de l’exposition ainsi que sur l’image que le Canada cherche à projeter de lui- même sur la scène internationale. Le discours de presse témoigne ainsi de la volonté du Canada de s’élever au niveau des autres nations euroaméricaines « civilisées », comme la France, l’Allemagne ou encore les États-Unis. D’un autre côté, il éclaire également sur la perception que le Canada se fait de l’Autre racialisé puisqu’il rend compte de l’exposition des populations colonisées, régulièrement tenu pendant les expositions universelles du tournant du 20e siècle. En ce sens, le discours de presse entretient des relations de pouvoir inégal fondées sur une justification de la domination coloniale ancrée dans un racialisme scientifique européen. / This M.A thesis studies the Paris 1900 World’s Fair through the analysis of newspaper articles in La Presse and La Patrie. In doing so, this research situates itself at the crossroads of numerous historiographical fields. In the second half of the 19th century, both the press and the World’s Fair undergo significant changes. These changes affects newspapers in the way they look and are printed, but also in their content. For the World’s Fair, they evolve and culminate in the celebration of the 19th century in Paris in 1900. The changes affecting the press and the World’s Fair beg questions such as : How is the press talking about the presence of Quebec and French Canada at the Fair? What place do the Others take in the press discourse regarding the Fair? Is there a difference between the discourse surrounding the European nations, and those that are viewed as « Oriental » nations at the Fair? Firstly the newspaper articles that make up our body of sources are separated into four different categories: advertising, political articles, entertainment articles and chronicles. This analysis, though not exhaustive, will examine the significance that the Paris 1900 Wold’s Fair had in the La Presse and La Patrie newspapers. Secondly, the discursive analysis of these articles helps us understand the way Canada presents itself at the Fair. The press reveals how the Canadian exhibits were displayed, and consequently how the country tried to present itself on the international stage. The newspaper’s discourse also illustrates Canada’s will to appear on the same level as other euroamerican « civilized » nations, such as France, Germany or even the United- States, both culturally and economically. Also, the newspaper exposes how Canada perceived the Occident and it’s racialized view of other races. The later are often exhibited during the Fair in « human spectacles » that occasionally take place throughout the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Canada’s presentation of itself at the World’s Fair and the broad strokes of Canada’s ideals at the time, as shown through the newspaper articles, demonstrates unequal racial power relationships stemming from the justification of Occident’s colonial domination grounded in a European scientific racialism.