Depuis la Réforme économique en 1986, Hô Chi Minh-ville (HCMV) et particulièrement son centre (correspondant à l'ancienne Saigon) connaissent un boom de la construction, dans lequel les interventions du secteur privé jouent un rôle primordial. Or, Saigon, désormais partie de la métropole du Sud du Vietnam, possède un cadre bâti riche, formé par les modes de construction résultant d'une accumulation de cultures urbaines variées qui ont chacune laissé dans la ville leurs traces matérielles ; mais cet espace urbain complexe se trouve aujourd'hui mis en question par l'intense mouvement de construction que les institutions d'urbanisme vietnamiennes avec leurs outils (plans et projets d'urbanisme, documents législatifs et administratifs, programmes urbaines) semblent avoir peine à maîtriser. L'étude des mutations urbaines de cet espace à partir de leurs acteurs et vecteurs conduit cette recherche à une confrontation des outils d'urbanisme à leurs effets sur les transformations typo-morphologiques introduites par les initiatives privées dans le centre de HCMV, à travers l'histoire de sa construction urbaine depuis l'époque coloniale jusqu'à nos jours / Since the Economic Reform in 1986, Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) and its center (corresponding to the ancient Saigon) have in particular experienced a boom in construction, in which the private sector plays the key role. In addition, the city of Saigon, now part of the metropolis of south of Vietnam, has a rich urban structure formed by methods of construction which result from an accumulation of various urban cultures, each of them leaving material traces - a complex urban space now challenged by intense movement of construction which the Vietnamese planning institutions with their tools (plans and urban projects, legislative and administrative documents, urban programs) have not been effective in controlling. By studying the urban change of this space through its actors and vectors, this research leads us to a comparison of planning tools and their effects on the typo-morphological transformations introduced by private initiatives in the center of HCMC, through its history of urban construction since the colonial period until today

<p>Self care is very important for patients with diabetes type 2, as it can reduce complications. A proper and functioning self-care requires, clear and relevant information and instructions from the health care givers. <strong>Aim:</strong> The purpose of this study was to investigate the self care activities of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in Ho Chi Minh City and compare these between genders. <strong>Research questions: </strong>How do patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, in Ho Chi Minh City, practice self care activities (diet, exercise, blood sugar test, foot care, smoking, medication and self-care recommendation)?<strong> </strong>Are there any differences between genders concerning these self-care activities? <strong>Method: </strong>A descriptive and comparative cross-section design with a quantitative method was used. Dorothea Orem's theoretical framework was also used. The data was collected at the Department of Endocrinology and the Endocrinology Clinic, Choray hospital, in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It was 100 participants who answered a questionnaire about their diabetes self-care activities. <strong>Results: </strong>Most of the participants had a good self-care of their diabetes type 2. A majority of the participants had got several self-care recommendations from their health-care givers concerning diet, exercise, medication and blood-glucose control. It was a significant difference between gender in favour for the male gender concerning the statements high fat food, participating in 30 minutes of exercise, check inside the shoes, dry between toes, counselling about stop smoking, tried herbal medicine as medication.<strong> </strong><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diabetes type 2 patients in Ho Chi Minh City need to get more information about self-care concerning blood-glucose, diet and exercise. Both genders need to adopt a healthy lifestyle into their daily life to reduce the risk of developing diabetes complications.</p> / <p>Egenvården är mycket viktig för patienter med diabetes typ 2, eftersom den kan minska komplikationer. En optimal och väl fungerande egenvård kräver tydlig och relevant information och instruktioner från vårdpersonalen. <strong>Syfte:</strong> Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka egenvårdsaktiviteter hos patienter med diabetes mellitus typ 2 i Ho Chi Minh City och jämföra dessa mellan kön. <strong>Frågeställningar:</strong> Hur utför patienter med diabetes mellitus typ 2 i Ho Chi Minh City sina egenvårds aktiviteter (kost, motion, blodsocker test, fotvård, rökning, läkemedel och egenvårds rekommendationer)? Finns det någon skillnad mellan könen beträffande dessa egenvårdsaktiviteter? <strong>Metod:</strong> En beskrivande och jämförande tvärsnitts studie med kvantitativ metod har använts. Dorothea Orems egenvårdsteori har även använts. Data samlades in vid Institutionen för Endokrinologi och endokrinologi kliniken på Choray hospital, i Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Det var 100 deltagare som besvarade ett frågeformulär med frågor om diabetes egenvårds aktiviteter. <strong>Resultat:</strong> De flesta deltagare hade en god egenvård av sin diabetes typ 2. En majoritet av deltagarna hade fått flera egenvårds rekommendationer från sin vårdgivare om kost, motion och medicinering. Det var en signifikant skillnad mellan könen med fördel för männen angående påståendena gällande fettrik mat, deltagande i 30 minuters träning, kontrollera insidan av skorna, torka mellan tårna, rådgivning om att sluta röka samt provat naturläkemedel som medicinering. <strong>Slutsats</strong>: Diabetes typ 2 patienter i Ho Chi Minh City behöver få mer information om egenvård av blodglukos, mat och fysisk träning. Båda könen behöver få en hälsosammare livsstil i sin vardag för att minska risken för komplikationer.</p>

Self care is very important for patients with diabetes type 2, as it can reduce complications. A proper and functioning self-care requires, clear and relevant information and instructions from the health care givers. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the self care activities of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in Ho Chi Minh City and compare these between genders. Research questions: How do patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, in Ho Chi Minh City, practice self care activities (diet, exercise, blood sugar test, foot care, smoking, medication and self-care recommendation)? Are there any differences between genders concerning these self-care activities? Method: A descriptive and comparative cross-section design with a quantitative method was used. Dorothea Orem's theoretical framework was also used. The data was collected at the Department of Endocrinology and the Endocrinology Clinic, Choray hospital, in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It was 100 participants who answered a questionnaire about their diabetes self-care activities. Results: Most of the participants had a good self-care of their diabetes type 2. A majority of the participants had got several self-care recommendations from their health-care givers concerning diet, exercise, medication and blood-glucose control. It was a significant difference between gender in favour for the male gender concerning the statements high fat food, participating in 30 minutes of exercise, check inside the shoes, dry between toes, counselling about stop smoking, tried herbal medicine as medication. Conclusion: The diabetes type 2 patients in Ho Chi Minh City need to get more information about self-care concerning blood-glucose, diet and exercise. Both genders need to adopt a healthy lifestyle into their daily life to reduce the risk of developing diabetes complications. / Egenvården är mycket viktig för patienter med diabetes typ 2, eftersom den kan minska komplikationer. En optimal och väl fungerande egenvård kräver tydlig och relevant information och instruktioner från vårdpersonalen. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka egenvårdsaktiviteter hos patienter med diabetes mellitus typ 2 i Ho Chi Minh City och jämföra dessa mellan kön. Frågeställningar: Hur utför patienter med diabetes mellitus typ 2 i Ho Chi Minh City sina egenvårds aktiviteter (kost, motion, blodsocker test, fotvård, rökning, läkemedel och egenvårds rekommendationer)? Finns det någon skillnad mellan könen beträffande dessa egenvårdsaktiviteter? Metod: En beskrivande och jämförande tvärsnitts studie med kvantitativ metod har använts. Dorothea Orems egenvårdsteori har även använts. Data samlades in vid Institutionen för Endokrinologi och endokrinologi kliniken på Choray hospital, i Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Det var 100 deltagare som besvarade ett frågeformulär med frågor om diabetes egenvårds aktiviteter. Resultat: De flesta deltagare hade en god egenvård av sin diabetes typ 2. En majoritet av deltagarna hade fått flera egenvårds rekommendationer från sin vårdgivare om kost, motion och medicinering. Det var en signifikant skillnad mellan könen med fördel för männen angående påståendena gällande fettrik mat, deltagande i 30 minuters träning, kontrollera insidan av skorna, torka mellan tårna, rådgivning om att sluta röka samt provat naturläkemedel som medicinering. Slutsats: Diabetes typ 2 patienter i Ho Chi Minh City behöver få mer information om egenvård av blodglukos, mat och fysisk träning. Båda könen behöver få en hälsosammare livsstil i sin vardag för att minska risken för komplikationer.

Introduction: Previous research shows that knowledge and practice was low in type 2 diabetes patients and that women had better practice/self-care than men. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and practices regarding foot-care among patients with type 2 diabetes in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and also investigate if there was any difference between genders in knowledge and practicing of foot care. Method: This study was a descriptive and cross-sectional design with quantitative method. The data was collected at the out-patient clinic of the University Medical Center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and 100 patients participated voluntarily to answer questionnaire. Orem’s self-care theory was used as theoretical framework. Data were analysed by using statistics. Result: The result shows that more than 70% of the patients had good knowledge of foot care and no significant differences between the genders in the knowledge. Their foot care practices were various. There was significant difference between men and women about using a hot water bottle or heating pad on the feet, and more women than men did. For type of shoes, there were differences between genders in wearing broad, round toes and shoes made of leather or canvas, and more men than women did. Conclusion: The knowledge of foot care was good, but the practice of foot care was low. There was not found any significant difference between the genders in knowledge, but some differences in the foot care practices.  More information about foot care is needed to prevent complications with type 2 diabetes. / Introduktion: Tidigare forsknings resultat visar att kunskapen om egenvård och utförande av fotvård hos patienter med diabetes typ 2 var låg. Kvinnorna var dock bättre på att utföra egenvården än männen. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka kunskapen och utförandet av egenvård hos patienter med diabetes typ 2 i Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, samt att undersöka om det fanns några skillnader mellan män och kvinnor i kunskapen om egenvård inom fotvård samt dess utförande. Metod: För att undersöka detta gjordes en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie med hjälp av enkäter. Det var 100 patienter på en mottagning vid University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, som deltog frivilligt. Orems egenvård teori användes som teoretiskt ramverk i detta arbete. Data analyserades av statistik. Resultat: Resultatet i denna studie påvisar att mer än 70 % av patienternas visade god kunskap och inga signifikanta skillnader fanns mellan kvinnor och män gällande kunskapsnivån.  Utförandes av fotvården visade sig dock vara varierande och det fanns signifikanta skillnader mellan kvinnor och män gällande fotvården. Kvinnor använde sig oftare av varma pads och flaskor på deras fötter än vad männen gjorde. Kvinnor och män använde också olika typer av skor. Männen använde oftare breda skor med rundad tå, skor av läder eller canvas skor än vad kvinnorna gjorde. Slutsats: Kunskapen om fotvård hos diabetes patienter i Ho Chi Minh City var god, dock var utförandet av fotvården varierande i denna studie. Det visades ingen signifikant skillnad mellan kvinnor och män angående kunskapsnivån, dock fanns det skillnader angående utförandet av fotvården. Det behövs fortsatt information om fotvård för att patienter med typ 2 diabetes ska förhindra komplikationer

The main object of the diploma thesis is to analysis work satisfaction and motivation structure in selected company. The theoretical part deals with components of motivation structures, theoretical backgrounds of work motivation, and its relationship to job. The subject of the practical part is questionnaire survey and analysis of the current state of satisfaction and motivation of employees in selected company. Based on the obtained data will be defined aspects of the problem and proposed measures that could lead to correct identified deficiencies

O gás monóxido de carbono (CO) possui diversas funções no sistema nervoso central (SNC) funcionando como neuromodulador, como por exemplo da regulação da temperatura corporal, da nocicepção e mais recentemente, do comportamento emocional. Este neuromodulador gasoso é produzido pela ação da enzima heme oxigenase (HO), a qual é encontrada em diferentes áreas do SNC. Com destaque, esta enzima tem alta expressão no locus coeruleus (LC), o que sugere o envolvimento do CO na modulação de funções desempenhadas por esta estrutura. O LC localiza-se na ponte, sendo a maior origem da inervação noradrenérgica do SNC. Esta estrutura tem participação ativa na modulação das respostas relacionadas ao estresse, em particular, na modulação do comportamento emocional, desde que integra o Sistema de Inibição Comportamental (SIC), o qual inclui ainda o sistema septo-hipocampal e os núcleos da rafe. O SIC é responsável por comandar respostas defensivas de avaliação de risco, alerta e atenção, as quais podem ser eliciadas pela ansiedade. Dentro desta perspectiva, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se a ativação sistêmica da via HO-CO pode modular o comportamento emocional de ratos, e se há participação do LC. Assim, este trabalho avaliou se o tratamento sistêmico via intraperitoneal (i.p.) agudo (3 h antes) ou crônico (10 dias/2 vezes ao dia) com um liberador de monóxido de carbono (CORM-2), ou com indutor da enzima HO (CoPP), altera as respostas comportamentais no teste do labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE) e no teste claro-escuro (TCE) em ratos, bem como a expressão da enzima HO no LC. Em uma segunda etapa foi avaliado se a administração aguda de CORM-2 ou CoPP altera o comportamento avaliado no LCE e no TCE de ratos submetidos ao estresse crônico variado (ECV) por 10 dias. Os resultados mostraram que o CO induzido pela administração aguda ou crônica de CORM-2 ou CoPP possui efeito ansiolítico. Ainda, o tratamento com CORM-2 ou CoPP aumentou a expressão da enzima HO-1 em células localizadas no LC, sem alterar a imunorreatividade à enzima HO-2. Considerando os grupos submetidos ao estresse ECV, nem a ativação da via HO-CO ou o ECV apresentaram efeitos significativos nos comportamentos avaliados nos testes LCE e TCE. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que o tratamento sistêmico com drogas que modulam a liberação de CO possui claro efeito ansiolítico. Assim, é possível que o CO possa ser uma droga com potencial terapêutico para o tratamento de desordens neuropsiquiátricas. / The carbon monoxide gas (CO) has several functions in the central nervous system acting as a neuromodulator, such as in the body temperature regulation, nociception and more recently, in the emotional behavior modulation. This gas is produced by the action of the heme oxigenase enzyme (HO), which is found in different areas of the central nervous system (CNS). It is important to note that this enzyme has high expression in the locus coeruleus (LC), suggesting the involvement of CO in the modulation functions performed by this midbrain structure. LC is located in the pons, being the source of majority of the noradrenergic innervation of the CNS. This structure is intimately involved in the stress modulation responses, particularly in the emotional behavior regulation, since it integrates the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS), which also includes septum-hippocampal system and raphe nucleus. The BIS is responsible for defensive responses like the risk assessment and alertness trigged by anxiety. Within this perspective, the present study was designed to evaluate whether the systemic HO-CO pathway can modulate emotional behavior of rats, and if the HO enzyme of the neurons located into LC is involved in this response. Thus, this study evaluated whether the acute systemic i.p. treatment (3 hours before) or chronic (10 days / 2 times a day) with a carbon monoxide releaser (CORM-2) or inducer of heme enzyme oxygenase (CoPP), is able to alter the behavioral responses in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and in the light-dark box test (LDB) in rats, and the HO enzyme expression in the LC. Furthermore, the effect of the acute administration of CORM-2 or CoPP was evaluated in the emotional behavior assessed in the EPM and LDB by rats submitted to unpredictable chronic stress (during 10 days). The results showed that the CO induced by acute or chronic administration of CORM-2 or CoPP has an anxiolytic-like effect. Furthermore, treatment with CORM-2 or CoPP promoted an increase of HO-1 enzyme expression in cells located in the LC without altering the immunoreactivity of HO-2 enzyme. Still, considering the rats subjected to stress UCS neither the activation of HO-CO pathway nor the UCS protocol altered the emotional behavior evaluated in the EPM and LDB tests. The results of this study suggest that systemic treatment with drugs that modulate the CO release has anxiolytic effect. Thus, it is possible that CO can be a potential drug therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric disorders.

Some of anaerobic, mesophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria that produce H₂S and cause microbial metal corrosion can degrade crude oil in anaerobic conditions. In this study, a mesophilic sulfate-reducing bacterial strain D107G3 isolated from Bach Ho gas-oil field in Vung Tau, Vietnam that is able to utilize crude oil in the anaerobic condition is reported. The strain D107G3 was classified as a Gram-negative bacterium by using Gram staining method. Basing on scanning microscopy observation, the cell of a strain D107G3 had a curved rod shape. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain D107G3 was identified as Desulfovibrio vulgaris with 99.7% identity. The suitable conditions for its growth that was determined via estimating its H₂S production was the modified Postgate B medium containing 1% (v/v) crude oil, 1% NaCl (w/v), pH 7 and 300C incubation. In these conditions, the strain D107G3 can consume 11.4 % of crude oil total and oxidize heavy crude oil (≥ C45) for one month at anoxic condition. These obtained results not only contribute to the science but also continue to warn about the dangers of mesophilic sulfate reducing bacteria to the process of crude oil exploitation, use, and storage in Vung Tau, Vietnam. / Trong bài báo này, chủng vi khuẩn khử sunphat (KSF) ưa ấm D107G3 phân lập từ giếng khoan dầu khí mỏ Bạch Hổ, Vũng Tàu, Việt Nam có khả năng sử dụng dầu thô trong điều kiện kị khí được công bố. Chủng D107G3 được xác định là vi khuẩn Gram âm nhờ phương pháp nhuộm Gram. Quan sát trên kính hiển vi điện tử quét cho thấy tế bào chủng D107G3 có hình que cong. Kết quả phân tích trình tự gen 16S rRNA đã xác định được chủng D107G3 thuộc loài Desulfovibrio vulgaris với độ tương đồng 99.7%. Thông qua đánh giá lượng H₂S tạo thành đã khám phá được điều kiện thích hợp cho sinh trưởng của chủng D107G3: môi trường Postgate B cải tiến chứa 1% (v/v) dầu thô, 1 % NaCl (gL⁻¹), pH 7 và nuôi cấy ở 30°C. Trong điều kiện đó, chủng D107G3 đã sử dụng được 11.4 % hàm lượng dầu tổng số, thành phần dầu bị phân huỷ là các n-parafin có mạch C≥45 sau 1 tháng nuôi cấy kỵ khí. Các kết quả này đóng góp về mặt khoa học và tiếp tục cảnh báo mối nguy hại của KSF ưa ấm đến việc khai thác, sử dụng và bảo quản dầu mỏ ở Vũng Tàu, Việt Nam.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

陳時芳. / "2006年5月". / 論文(神道學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2006. / 參考文獻(leaves 62-66). / "2006 nian 5 yue". / Abstract also in English. / Chen Shifang. / Lun wen (Shen dao xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2006. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 62-66). / Chapter 第一章： --- 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- 論文目的 --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- 論文硏究方法及結構 --- p.2 / Chapter 第二章： --- 雅麗氏何妙齡那打素醫院的歷史背景及架構 --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1. --- 引言 --- p.3 / Chapter 2.2. --- 醫院成立的歷史及福音工作 --- p.3 / Chapter 2.3. --- ´ؤ九九七年後遷院後的歷史 --- p.5 / Chapter 2.4. --- 二零零三年「非典型肺炎」期間的處理情況 --- p.7 / Chapter 2.5. --- 那打素醫院行政架構對院牧事工發展的影響 --- p.9 / Chapter 2.6. --- 小結 --- p.11 / Chapter 第三章： --- 那打素醫院院牧事工 --- p.12 / Chapter 3.1. --- 引言 --- p.12 / Chapter 3.2. --- 那打素醫院院牧事工發展歷史（一九九七年後） --- p.12 / Chapter 3.3. --- 那打素醫院院牧事工目標及使命 --- p.13 / Chapter 3.4. --- 全人關顧及心靈關顧的重要 --- p.14 / Chapter 3.5. --- 院牧事工的五大工作範疇 --- p.15 / Chapter 3.6. --- 香港醫院院牧事工聯會 --- p.16 / Chapter 3.7. --- 被關顧者的身心社靈狀況及需要 --- p.17 / Chapter 3.7.1. --- 被關顧者的生理狀況及需要 --- p.17 / Chapter 3.7.2. --- 被關顧者的心理狀況及需要　　　　　　　 --- p.18 / Chapter 3.7.3. --- 被關顧者的社群（人際關係）狀況及需要 --- p.19 / Chapter 3.7.4. --- 被關顧者的心靈狀況及需要 --- p.19 / Chapter 3.8. --- 小結 --- p.20 / Chapter 第四章： --- 那打素醫院院牧事工的實踐現況及成效 --- p.21 / Chapter 4.1. --- 引言 --- p.21 / Chapter 4.2. --- 院牧事工的實踐現況 --- p.21 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- 對病者牧關及輔導 --- p.21 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- 對員工牧養及輔導　　　　 --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- 訓練工作　　　　 --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2.4. --- 聯絡事工　　　　　　　 --- p.27 / Chapter 4.2.5. --- 宗教活動　 --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3. --- 院牧事工的實踐成效 --- p.28 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- 院牧個人品格及專業訓練的影響性 --- p.28 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- 病人不同的回應 --- p.31 / Chapter 4.3.3. --- 疫症期間的院牧事工的限制 --- p.33 / Chapter 4.3.4. --- 心靈關顧對於健康的正面影響 --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3.5. --- 宗教的影響力 --- p.35 / Chapter 4.3.6. --- 角色上的混淆及衝突 --- p.36 / Chapter 4.3.7. --- 對醫護人員關顧上的不足 --- p.37 / Chapter 4.3.8. --- 臨床牧關教育的影響 --- p.38 / Chapter 第五章： --- 總結 --- p.39 / Chapter 5.1. --- 硏究方法的困難 --- p.39 / Chapter 5.2. --- 五大工作範疇的檢討 --- p.39 / Chapter 5.3. --- 院牧事工仍處於被動及限制中 --- p.40 / Chapter 5.4. --- 優點成爲缺點的危機 --- p.40 / 附件一 --- p.42 / 附件二 --- p.43 / 附件三 --- p.45 / 附件四 --- p.47 / 附件五 --- p.48 / 附件六 --- p.49 / 附件七 --- p.50 / 附件八 --- p.51 / 附件九 --- p.55 / 附件十 --- p.58 / 參考書目 --- p.62 / 中文書目　 --- p.62 / 英文書目 --- p.62 / 中文期刊 --- p.63 / 英文期刊 --- p.63 / 特刊 --- p.63 / 年報 --- p.64 / 白皮書 --- p.64 / 網上資源 --- p.64 / 口述訪問 --- p.66

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is an increasingly diagnosed constellation of injuries derived from acute mechanical trauma to the brain. With the rise of advanced neuroimaging techniques recent focus has oriented primarily towards the mild-moderate range of TBI which previously was missed diagnostically. Characteristically, these advances have shown increasing areas of micro-hemorrhage in susceptible areas of the brain and to date there are no treatment modalities targeting micro-hemorrhages or their sequelae. This dissertation explores the effects of the resulting heme processing response in the days following injury with a particular focus on inducing early heme clearance from the parenchyma using a rat central fluid percussion injury model in the mild-moderate injury range. Since heme is released ~24-48 hours post-injury and is known to be cytotoxic we observed there may be a critical window for treatment to clear heme before it is spontaneously released and to increase the buffering capacity of the tissue. We targeted heme clearance by using drugs known to increased expression of Nrf2, an upstream transcriptional regulator of the canonical heme processing protein heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and tracking expression of HO-1, the iron sequestration/storage proteins Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) and Ferritin (FTL), as well as the activity of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP2, MMP9). We examined both tissue known to be frankly hemorrhagic (the neocortex) as well as tissue lacking any identifiable bleed (the hippocampus). We demonstrated that using the HO-1 inducers Hemin and Sulforaphane in a single dose paradigm given 1 hour post-injury heme clearance was accelerated in the neocortex with the majority of heme pigment processed by 24 hours post-injury. Further there was significant attenuation of protein expression in HO-1 and ferritin as well as the enzyme activity of MMP2 and MMP9 in both the neocortex and the hippocampus. Behavioral attenuation was also seen in both rotarod and Morris water maze tests. While we intended to target hemorrhagic processing after injury, and indeed demonstrated improved clearance of heme from post-injury hemorrhagic regions of the brain, in both tissues studied we observed remarkably similar responses to the drugs utilized in protein expression, enzyme activity, and behavioral improvement which may suggest a globally improved pathologic state or that there are unidentified pathologic micro-hemorrhages or leaky vessels which extend further into the brain parenchyma than currently identified.