Text in Afrikaans / Tieners se probleme veroorsaak dikwels godvervreemdheid of kerkloosheid. Die rede, wil dit vookom, is omdat hulle met 'n verkeerde en naiwe godsbeeld en godservaringe hulle lewenspad begin loop het. Uit hierdie studie het dit baie duidelik geword dat die ondersteuningsisteme van die jong tiener sy/haar ervaring van God baie belnvloed. Van hierdie ondersteuningsisteme blyk die huis en familie die primere invloede te wees op die jong tiener se ervaring van God. Die rol wat die ouers speel in die daarstelling van 'n gesonde of verkeerde godsbegrip het in die studie sterk op die voorgrond getree. Die studie het ook nuwe lig gewerp op die rol en invloed van die kerk in die jong tiener se ervaring van God. Die rol van veral kognitiewe, sosiale en godsdienstige ontwikkeling is ook geidentifiseer as belangrik vir die ontwikkeling van 'n gesonde godsbeeld. Aan die einde van die studie is riglyne gegee vir die bediening. / Teenagers' problems cause them to become alienated from God and the church. The reason, seems to be that they start walking on the road of life according to wrong and naive images and experiences of God. In this study it became clear that support systems of young teenagers influence their experience of God. Of these support systems the home and family seem to be the primary influences on young teenager's experience of God. The role of parents in the establishment of a healthy, or wrong image of God, stood on the foreground very strongly. The study also sheds new light on the role and influence of the church in the junior higher' s experience of God. The role of especially cognitive, social and religious development were also identified as important for the development of a healthy image of God. At the end guidelines are provided for ministry. / M. Diac. (Praktiese Teologie (Jeugwerk))

The 2012 Integrated Early Childhood Development (IECD) curriculum recently introduced in all Botswana government preschools was examined by this study. To guide the findings of this study the literature addressing the effective preschool curriculum implementation strategies was reviewed. Furthermore, structured interviews, non-participant observations and documents review were conducted in line with the qualitative phenomenological research approach. Specifically, teachers from three preschools implementing the 2012 IECD curriculum framework were interviewed to obtain their views with regard to its implementation. The data collected from the interviews was thematically analysed and triangulated with that from the observations and documents. The findings of this study showed that even though the teachers were generally satisfied with their different levels of training, they were concerned about the limited duration of in-service training as well as the course content that did not address their unique needs and those of their supervisors. Consequently, effective IECD curriculum implementation was negatively affected by lack of effective supervision as well as lack of teaching resources and other forms of support. Drawing from the findings of this study, recommendations were made and teacher training guidelines were developed. The guidelines were informed by the SCLT (teacher training) and CoP (formation of partnerships) theories. The implications of this study are that the suggested training guidelines would promote teacher efficacy facilitated by proper teacher training strategies and they will hopefully motivate the formation of working partnerships. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / M. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

This research explores the perception and practice of participatory communication for development. To this end, the study focuses on a leading local Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) named Organisation for Rehabilitation and Development in Amhara (ORDA), Ethiopia. This qualitative case study was based on the participatory development communication model which has been assumed to bring about sustainable socio-economic change of a country (Melkote & Steeves, 2001; Mefalopulos, 2008; Servaes, 2008). The data were collected using in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), document analysis and field observation. The collected data were organised and analysed in the form of content and thematic analysis. The results revealed economic oriented and top down approach to development communication as the dominant conceptions, and majority of the research participants perceived the concept ‘participation’ as mere contributions of labour and materials which are not real participation, but co-option. Only a few of the management members of ORDA conceptualized the idea of ‘participation’ as an empowerment process in which the organisation’s official document is also stated. Besides, the results showed no genuine participation of the local community in ORDA’s development process. Generally, these results could lead us to conclude that participatory communication was the missing link in the development process. That is, communication was perceived as a transmission of development information and an image building activity, not a process of empowerment. The major communications practices of ORDA were also best described as one-way top down which could reveal the legacy of modernisation and dependency theories of the development literature. The study further indicated pressing factors such as individual, organisational and environmental related affecting the implementation of ORDA’s participatory development communication. The results of study further indicated that participatory development communication was not used a means of liberation from the chain of poverty, dependency syndrome and other underdevelopment problems which deeply persist in the region. Based on the findings, the study commends the mainstreaming of participatory development communication both at the perceptual and practical level for achieving sustainable development in rural Amhara region, Ethiopia. / D. Litt. et Phil. (Communication) / Communication