A study of the life history and ecology of Camelobaetidius variabilis was conducted in Honey Creek, OK from February 2003-April 2004. Nymph development was assessed using changes in external morphology. Laboratory reared nymphs were used to calculate number of degree days to complete development (772 degree days at 20.8° C ±.38° C), which was used to determine voltinism. Field collected nymph microhabitat distribution was used in assessing microhabitat distribution. Nymphal thermoregulation was assessed during the winter and spring by comparing nymphal numbers present in shaded and un-shaded habitats. Camelobaetidius variabilis nymphs showed preference for algal microhabitats during the spring and leaf packs in the winter. Nymphs inhabited leaf packs to increase metabolic rate during the winter. Increased temperatures aid in development of nymphs. Camelobaetidius variabilis exhibited a multivoltine life cycle with six overlapping generations.

The primary objective of this study is to describe the life history of Camelobaetidius mexicanus living in Honey Creek in south central Oklahoma. Specific objectives were to determine emergence phenology and behavior, describe nupital flight and female oviposition, measure subimaginal and imaginal life spans, examine egg morphology and time to hatching, describe larval microdistribution, analyze gut contents and to determine voltinism from nymphal head capsule widths and adult emergence.

Honey bees are fundamental for maintaining biodiversity in our ecosystems, but a recent decline in honey bee colonies has caused a growing concern for honey bee health worldwide. One component of colony collapses is Nosema (Microsporidia), which is associated with colony collapses in many subtropical regions. However, infection by Nosema is also known to accumulate within the honey bee hive during overwintering in colder climates. In this study, the prevalence of Nosema is compared between four honey bee subspecies during fall and winter and is focused on two hypotheses: 1) infection by Nosema is more prevalent in honey bees during winter and 2) infection by Nosema differs between different honey bee subspecies. Bees were dissected, and their guts were analysed for Nosema spores using a light microscope. Results showed a difference in amount of Nosema infected colonies between winter and fall. Also, results showed a difference between Buckfast bee (A. mellifera hybrid) and Carniolan bee (A. mellifera carnica) in Nosema infected colonies during the fall period. These results indicate that infection by Nosema in cold climates might be more prevalent than previously thought. Additionally, there might be differences in resilience between honey bee subspecies, but infection of Nosema seem to depend less on subspecies than season. More research is needed on Nosema in cold regions to assess the effect of Nosema on honey bees in Sweden and worldwide to prevent future colony collapses of honey bees.

FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / A pesquisa de campo foi conduzida no NÃcleo de ProduÃÃo ComunitÃria Santa Clara, pertencente a empresa Brasil Ecodiesel, no municÃpio de Canto do Buriti â PI, entre maio e julho de 2006. As anÃlises laboratoriais foram realizadas nos LaboratÃrios da Universidade Federal do CearÃ, Universidade de Fortaleza, Grupo Edson Queiroz e Instituto Centro de Ensino TecnolÃgico (CENTEC) do Cariri. Os experimentos foram realizados com o objetivo de investigar a possibilidade de agregar valor a cultura da mamona (Ricinus communis) por meio da apicultura. Os seguintes aspectos foram investigados: desenvolvimento de colÃnias de Apis mellifera em meio a plantio de mamoneira; potencial da mamoneira para a produÃÃo de mel por abelhas A. mellifera; possÃvel toxidez do pÃlen e/ou nÃctar da mamoneira para abelhas melÃferas e humanos; caracterÃsticas fÃsico-quÃmicas e organolÃpticas do mel de mamona e potencial comercial deste mel. Os resultados mostraram que a cultura da mamoneira oferece boas condiÃÃes de desenvolvimento para colÃnias de A. mellifera uma vez que oferece pÃlen e nÃctar, e que estes sÃo prontamente utilizados pelas abelhas; a mamoneira mostrou-se uma importante fonte de nÃctar para a exploraÃÃo apÃcola, tendo sido produzido em apenas 49 dias medias entre 18,82 kg (apiÃrio em Ãrea de cultivo limpo de mamona) e 23,52 kg (apiÃrio em Ãrea de mamona com ervas silvestres) de mel, semelhantes à mÃdia anual do paÃs. O pÃlen e o mel da mamoneira nÃo sÃo tÃxicos para abelhas melÃferas e para roedores, indicando que, provavelmente, seja prÃprio para o consumo humano. O mel da mamoneira apresenta caracterÃsticas fÃsico-quÃmicas dentro da legislaÃÃo brasileira e caracterÃsticas organolÃpticas bem aceitas pela populaÃÃo, demonstrando que o mesmo possui potencial comercial. Conclui-se que a exploraÃÃo apÃcola da cultura da mamona pode aumentar a rentabilidade das Ãreas de cultivo e minimizar os impactos ecolÃgicos da agricultura, alÃm de gerar um produto natural, nutritivo e bem aceito pela populaÃÃo em geral. / The research was carried out in the NÃcleo de ProduÃÃo ComunitÃria Santa Clara, belonging to the company Brasil Ecodiesel, in the county of Canto do Buriti, state of PiauÃ, Brazil, from May to July 2006. Laboratorial analyses were carried out in the laboratories of Universidade Federal do CearÃ, Universidade de Fortaleza, Grupo Edson Queiroz and Instituto Centro de Ensino TecnolÃgico (CENTEC). The experiments aimed to assess the possibility of aggregating value to castor bean (Ricinus communis) plantations placing honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in the area. The following aspects were investigated: colony development in castor bean plantations; potential of castor bean plantations for honey production; possible toxicity of castor bean pollen and/or nectar to honey bees and humans; physical-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of castor bean honey and its commercial potential. Results showed that castor bean plantations offer good conditions for development of A. mellifera colonies because it provides pollen and nectar which are readily used by honey bees; castor bean showed to be an important nectar source for beekeeping leading in only 49 days to an average production between 18.82 (apiary in area of castor bean clean cultivation) and 23.52 kg (apiary in area of castor bean with wild weeds), similar to the annual national mean production; castor bean pollen and nectar are not toxic to honey bees or mammals, suggesting that, probably, are also adequate for human consumption. Castor bean honey presents physical-chemical characteristics within the Brazilian regulations for honey, and its organoleptic characteristics were well rated by population in test trials suggesting commercial potential. It was concluded that beekeeping in castor bean plantations can improve the area profitability, contribute to mitigate ecological impacts caused by agriculture, besides generating a natural, nutritive and well accepted product by the population.

This thesis presents results from a two part, prospective study using honey collected from Guelph and surrounding area in southwestern Ontario. The first part determined the antibacterial of honey by collecting 26 samples of honey over two summers (2011-2012) and conducting microbroth and agar dilution assays and comparing the results to those of the criterion standard, Medihoney™ (100% manuka honey paste). Some honey samples from southwestern Ontario had antibacterial activity that was not significantly different from that of Medihoney™. The second part evaluated the effects of storage and gamma irradiation on the antibacterial activity of highly antibacterial honeys. It was found that storage for 8 months at 4°C and -20°C reduced the antibacterial activity of honey. The antibacterial activity of honey was not altered after gamma irradiation. / Pet Trust Fund

MILFONT, Marcelo de Oliveira. O pontecial da mamoneira (Ricinus Communis L.) para a exploração apícola: produção, toxidez e qualidade de mel e pólen. 2007. 91 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Fortaleza-CE, 2007 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-04T15:13:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_momilfont.pdf: 738781 bytes, checksum: e58f207fefae85dec997524d68c2c300 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-08-04T15:13:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_momilfont.pdf: 738781 bytes, checksum: e58f207fefae85dec997524d68c2c300 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-04T15:13:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_dis_momilfont.pdf: 738781 bytes, checksum: e58f207fefae85dec997524d68c2c300 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / The research was carried out in the Núcleo de Produção Comunitária Santa Clara, belonging to the company Brasil Ecodiesel, in the county of Canto do Buriti, state of Piauí, Brazil, from May to July 2006. Laboratorial analyses were carried out in the laboratories of Universidade Federal do Ceará, Universidade de Fortaleza, Grupo Edson Queiroz and Instituto Centro de Ensino Tecnológico (CENTEC). The experiments aimed to assess the possibility of aggregating value to castor bean (Ricinus communis) plantations placing honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in the area. The following aspects were investigated: colony development in castor bean plantations; potential of castor bean plantations for honey production; possible toxicity of castor bean pollen and/or nectar to honey bees and humans; physical-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of castor bean honey and its commercial potential. Results showed that castor bean plantations offer good conditions for development of A. mellifera colonies because it provides pollen and nectar which are readily used by honey bees; castor bean showed to be an important nectar source for beekeeping leading in only 49 days to an average production between 18.82 (apiary in area of castor bean clean cultivation) and 23.52 kg (apiary in area of castor bean with wild weeds), similar to the annual national mean production; castor bean pollen and nectar are not toxic to honey bees or mammals, suggesting that, probably, are also adequate for human consumption. Castor bean honey presents physical-chemical characteristics within the Brazilian regulations for honey, and its organoleptic characteristics were well rated by population in test trials suggesting commercial potential. It was concluded that beekeeping in castor bean plantations can improve the area profitability, contribute to mitigate ecological impacts caused by agriculture, besides generating a natural, nutritive and well accepted product by the population. / A pesquisa de campo foi conduzida no Núcleo de Produção Comunitária Santa Clara, pertencente a empresa Brasil Ecodiesel, no município de Canto do Buriti – PI, entre maio e julho de 2006. As análises laboratoriais foram realizadas nos Laboratórios da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Universidade de Fortaleza, Grupo Edson Queiroz e Instituto Centro de Ensino Tecnológico (CENTEC) do Cariri. Os experimentos foram realizados com o objetivo de investigar a possibilidade de agregar valor a cultura da mamona (Ricinus communis) por meio da apicultura. Os seguintes aspectos foram investigados: desenvolvimento de colônias de Apis mellifera em meio a plantio de mamoneira; potencial da mamoneira para a produção de mel por abelhas A. mellifera; possível toxidez do pólen e/ou néctar da mamoneira para abelhas melíferas e humanos; características físico-químicas e organolépticas do mel de mamona e potencial comercial deste mel. Os resultados mostraram que a cultura da mamoneira oferece boas condições de desenvolvimento para colônias de A. mellifera uma vez que oferece pólen e néctar, e que estes são prontamente utilizados pelas abelhas; a mamoneira mostrou-se uma importante fonte de néctar para a exploração apícola, tendo sido produzido em apenas 49 dias medias entre 18,82 kg (apiário em área de cultivo limpo de mamona) e 23,52 kg (apiário em área de mamona com ervas silvestres) de mel, semelhantes à média anual do país. O pólen e o mel da mamoneira não são tóxicos para abelhas melíferas e para roedores, indicando que, provavelmente, seja próprio para o consumo humano. O mel da mamoneira apresenta características físico-químicas dentro da legislação brasileira e características organolépticas bem aceitas pela população, demonstrando que o mesmo possui potencial comercial. Conclui-se que a exploração apícola da cultura da mamona pode aumentar a rentabilidade das áreas de cultivo e minimizar os impactos ecológicos da agricultura, além de gerar um produto natural, nutritivo e bem aceito pela população em geral.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1955 K31 / Master of Science

This thesis examines the reality television (RTV) series Here Comes Honey Boo Boo (HCHBB) as a rhetorical text in and through which the cultural significance of race, class, and gender stereotypes—and the meanings they hold for different individuals and groups—are actively contested and negotiated. I argue that recurrent themes of symbolic transgression of hierarchical structures in HCHBB operate as a modality through which cast and audience(s) alike might make or interpret potentially subversive/resistant meanings. This focus on the RTV series as a dynamic site for making and contesting meaning—rather than a static text encoded/decoded by members of the discrete categories of producers and consumers—enables critical attention to the discursive and affective elements at work in HCHBB without forsaking analysis of the political and material frames in which they circulate. These frames are explored throughout a brief history of the RTV genre and an overview of the scholarship that has engaged it. Ultimately, I argue that while HCHBB and the genre of RTV may potentially provide the opportunity to challenge class antagonism and discrimination, it also perpetuates structural, material inequality. By linking themes of symbolic transgression as they operate in and through the text with Kenneth Burke’s (1969) analysis of hierarchy and mystification of class relations, I show how HCHBB doubly participates in the stratification of economic class when symbolic transgression is offered as an affront to social class morality rather than pervasive structural, material inequality. Despite an ethos of rebellion against bourgeois norms, HCHBB displaces rather than cultivates critical class consciousness by encouraging performances of redneck identity which also consign the Shannon/Thompson family to their fate as working class celebrities. / text

Tyrimo tikslas - nustatyti inovacijų diegimo perspektyvas medaus produktų gamybos srityje. Inovacijų diegimas yra vienas pagrindinių įmonės sėkmę lemiančių veiksnių, kuris padėtų išsilaikyti konkurencinėje aplinkoje. Lietuvoje dažnai naudojama inovacijų sklaida, perkami inovaciniai sprendimai, įrengimai, licencijos. Svarbiausia inovacinės veiklos valdymo problema - žema verslininkų kvalifikacija ir mažas jų aktyvumas dalyvaujant inovacinėje veikloje. Organizacijos narių kūrybiškumas, kompetencija ir motyvacija yra būtini įdiegiant inovacinius procesus. Atsivėrė galimybės verslo įmonėms naudotis ES struktūriniais fondais, su jų pagalba įgyvendinti inovacinius projektus. Tyrimo hipotezė - nauji medaus produktai su uogomis turės pakankamą paklausą, pasitvirtino. Atlikus tyrimą išaiškėjo, kad dauguma respondentų pirktų pradėtus gaminti naujus ekologiškus skanumynus su medumi. Tai reiškia, kad jie pasirengę mokėti iki 3 Lt už 100 g. Tačiau didelė dalis respondentų neturėjo nuomonės ar dera uogos su medumi. Tam reikšmės turėjo tai, kad maža dalis ragavo medaus - uogų produktų. Dauguma respodentų teigiamai įvertino teiginius apie medaus poveikį sveikatai. / Purpose of the survey - to determine the prospects for innovation in honey production. Innovation is one of the key determinants of success of the venture, which will survive in a competitive environment. Lithuania is often used for the diffusion of innovation, innovative solutions are purchased, equipment licenses. The most important innovation activities of the problem - the low skills and low business activity in the presence of their innovative activities. Organization of the creativity, competence and motivation necessary for the introduction of innovative processes. Opened up opportunities for businesses to benefit from EU structural funds, to help them implement innovative projects. Hypothesis - new products with honey berries will be sufficient demand, has been confirmed. The investigation revealed that the majority of the respondents purchased the introduction of a new green dainty with honey. This means that they are willing to pay up to LT 3 per 100 g. However, a large proportion of respondents had no opinion or is consistent with the berries with honey. This value is the fact that a small part of the tasting honey - berry products. Most respodentų welcomed the findings of the health effects of honey.

Most animals contain chronic microbial infections that inflict no harm on their hosts. Recently, the gut microflora of humans and other animals have been characterized. However, little is known about the forces that shape the diversity of these bacterial communities. In this work, comparative genomics was used to investigate the evolutionary dynamics of host-adapted bacterial communities, using Wolbachia infecting arthropods and Lactobacteria infecting bees as the main model systems. Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacteria that cause reproductive disorders in arthropods, such as feminization, male killing and parthenogenesis. These bacteria are difficult to study because they cannot be cultivated outside their hosts. We have developed a novel protocol employing multiple displacement amplification to isolate and sequence their genomes. Taxonomically, Wolbachia is classified into different supergroups. We have sequenced the genomes of Wolbachia strain wHa and wNo that belong to supergroup A and B, respectively, and are present as a double-infection in the fruit-fly Drosophila simulans. Together with previously published genomes, a supergroup comparison of strains belonging to supergroups A and B indicated rampant homologous recombination between strains that belong to the same supergroup but were isolated from different hosts. In contrast, we observed little recombination between strains of different supergroups that infect the same host. Likewise, phylogenetically distinct members of Lactic acid bacteria co-exist in the gut of the honeybee, Apis mellifera, without transfer of genes between phylotypes. Nor did we find any evidence of co-diversification between symbionts and hosts, as inferred from a study of 13 genomes of Lactobacillus kunkeei isolated from diverse bee species and different geographic origins. Although Lactobacillus kunkeii is the most frequently isolated strain from the honey stomach, we hypothesize that the primary niche is the beebread where the bacteria are likely to contribute to the fermentation process. In the human gut, the microbial community has been shown to interact with the immune system, and likewise the microbial communities associated with insects are thought to affect the health of their host. Therefore, a better understanding of the role and evolution of endosymbiotic communities is important for developing strategies to control the health of their hosts.