In this study, subsidence analyses were carried out for panels B14, B12, B10, B02, C12, C10, C08 of &Ccedil / ayirhan Lignite Mine using in-situ subsidence measurements. Using the measurements from stations, installed both parallel and perpendicular to panel-advance direction, subsidence profiles were plotted as a function of time and distance from panel center. Horizontal displacement and strain curves were also plotted and compared with subsidence profiles. There are various methods used for subsidence prediction. In this study however, a subsidence model was developed based on empirical model obtained from nonlinear regression analysis. During the analyses SPSS (V.10.0) software was used and the unknown parameters associated with subsidence function were determined for the stations above B14 panel. Since it was too complicated to take all the affecting factors into consideration, only the parameters which could be estimated by statistical evaluation were taken into account during analyses. One significant contribution of this study to subsidence subject was the comparison of the subsidence values measured during this investigation with the values predicted by some other empirical methods. In this study, the structural damages to the pylons installed on ground surface above retreating longwall panels were also investigated by the use of previous studies. Slope as well as horizontal strain changes caused by ground movements due to underground mining were determined. Last but not least, it should be stated another significant contribution of this study to engineering was the collection of a significant database obtained from field measurements.

Apresenta-se uma metodologia para análise de interação solo-estrutura aplicada ao estudo da estabilidade global de estruturas de concreto armado sobre fundações profundas. A metodologia de análise de interação solo-estrutura consiste num processo iterativo no qual, inicialmente, determinam-se as reações da superestrutura, considerando os apoios indeslocáveis. Com estas reações, por meio do programa EDRR, calculam-se os deslocamentos dos blocos de fundação. Com as reações e estes deslocamentos calcula-se os coeficientes das molas que substituirão os apoios fixos da superestrutura, cujas reações são recalculadas. Repete-se o processo até que as reações de duas iterações consecutivas sejam aproximadamente iguais. O programa EDRR (estaqueamento, deslocamento horizontal, recalque, rotação), elaborado em linguagem FORTRAN, determina os esforços no estaqueamento através de análise matricial considerando a reação horizontal do solo. Os deslocamentos horizontais e rotações são calculados através da teoria de viga sobre apoio elástico, enquanto os recalques no maciço de solos são calculados considerando o efeito de grupo através da continuidade do meio. Através de exemplos de casos reais, com medida de recalques, demonstra-se a eficiência da metodologia na previsão dos recalques. Além disso, procura-se mostrar que os recalques influenciam na estabilidade global da superestrutura. / This work presents a methodology for the analysis of soil-structure interaction applied to the study of the global stability of reinforced concrete structures on deep foundations. The soil-structure interaction methodology consists of an iterative process in which, at the beginning, the superstructure support reactions are computed, assuming fixed supports. Using the computed reactions, with aid of the EDRR program, foundation cap displacements are computed. Then, with the computed support reactions and displacements, spring coefficients, which will replace the fixed supports, are calculated. The process is repeated until reactions determined in two consecutive iterations are close to each other. The EDRR program, written in FORTRAN language, computes the forces at the top of piles by means of matrix analysis, taking into account the horizontal soil reaction. Horizontal linear displacements and rotations are computed using the elastic foundation beam theory, and soil mass settlements are computed taking into account the group effect considering the mass continuity. Thro ugh real case examples, with settlement monitoring, the proposed methodology efficiency is demonstrated. Furthermore, the influence of settlements on the structure global stability is shown.

Apresenta-se uma metodologia para análise de interação solo-estrutura aplicada ao estudo da estabilidade global de estruturas de concreto armado sobre fundações profundas. A metodologia de análise de interação solo-estrutura consiste num processo iterativo no qual, inicialmente, determinam-se as reações da superestrutura, considerando os apoios indeslocáveis. Com estas reações, por meio do programa EDRR, calculam-se os deslocamentos dos blocos de fundação. Com as reações e estes deslocamentos calcula-se os coeficientes das molas que substituirão os apoios fixos da superestrutura, cujas reações são recalculadas. Repete-se o processo até que as reações de duas iterações consecutivas sejam aproximadamente iguais. O programa EDRR (estaqueamento, deslocamento horizontal, recalque, rotação), elaborado em linguagem FORTRAN, determina os esforços no estaqueamento através de análise matricial considerando a reação horizontal do solo. Os deslocamentos horizontais e rotações são calculados através da teoria de viga sobre apoio elástico, enquanto os recalques no maciço de solos são calculados considerando o efeito de grupo através da continuidade do meio. Através de exemplos de casos reais, com medida de recalques, demonstra-se a eficiência da metodologia na previsão dos recalques. Além disso, procura-se mostrar que os recalques influenciam na estabilidade global da superestrutura. / This work presents a methodology for the analysis of soil-structure interaction applied to the study of the global stability of reinforced concrete structures on deep foundations. The soil-structure interaction methodology consists of an iterative process in which, at the beginning, the superstructure support reactions are computed, assuming fixed supports. Using the computed reactions, with aid of the EDRR program, foundation cap displacements are computed. Then, with the computed support reactions and displacements, spring coefficients, which will replace the fixed supports, are calculated. The process is repeated until reactions determined in two consecutive iterations are close to each other. The EDRR program, written in FORTRAN language, computes the forces at the top of piles by means of matrix analysis, taking into account the horizontal soil reaction. Horizontal linear displacements and rotations are computed using the elastic foundation beam theory, and soil mass settlements are computed taking into account the group effect considering the mass continuity. Thro ugh real case examples, with settlement monitoring, the proposed methodology efficiency is demonstrated. Furthermore, the influence of settlements on the structure global stability is shown.

Purpose: The horizontal stabilization of a building is of great importance in the design of its structural system. Insufficient counteraction of horizontal loads can lead to problems where columns and beams deflect more than the allowable margins. One common horizontal load arises from wind hitting an exterior wall. In this study, four bracing types were analyzed using software to evaluate and compare them, taking various factors into account. The building upon which the study is based is an industrial four-story structure located in Västerås. The building is designed with hinged column bases, which require a stabilization system to maintain its stability. This study aimed to determine the optimal solution for the stabilization system by comparing multiple proposals (X, V, inverted V, and diagonal) considering all factors that significantly influence stabilization. The different proposals were compared in terms of material usage, horizontal displacement, and the number of spans required for steel bracing. Method: Hand calculations were used in this report to design various structural components such as columns, beams, and bracing, which were compared with FEM (Finite Element Method) designs. Additionally, different perspectives were considered within the relevant subject framework, including steel properties, general loads, characteristics, and descriptions of the examined models. Results: After conducting the calculations, it was found that the optimal number of spans required for bracing the industrial steel structure was 32 diagonal braces, placed in the outermost bays on all sides of the building at each floor. This proposal resulted in reduced material usage with a secure horizontal displacement, ensuring stability and durability of the building. Conclusions: In conclusion, this report provides a deep understanding of the importance of stability in buildings, especially when it comes to the safety of occupants and the structural integrity of the building. Proposal 1 has likely met the requirements based on all the calculations and analyzed models that have been conducted, and therefore, diagonal bracing has been chosen as the optimized solution.