Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:52:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo4713_1.pdf: 4490241 bytes, checksum: 43c09e5e8bf876499ee8c3ff91a473bf (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Uma Rede Privada Virtual, ou Virtual Private Network (VPN) é uma rede privada construída sobre uma infra-estrutura de rede pública, tal como a Internet, que emula uma WAN com grande economia de custos. Por usarem conceitos e tecnologias de tunelamento, criptografia e autenticação, as VPNs eram tradicionalmente implantadas como solução de conectividade para redes em que os requisitos de segurança são elevados. Atualmente, as VPNs são também alvo de clientes que buscam redes dimensionadas sob demanda para as necessidades de Qualidade de Serviço (QoS) das suas aplicações. Do ponto de vista dos provedores de serviços de comunicação, a oferta do serviço de VPN é um negócio atraente porque além de rentável por si só, impulsiona a venda de outros serviços de alto valor agregado, tais como consultoria, suporte, gerenciamento de segurança e outros serviços avançados. Neste trabalho, consideramos o problema de aprovisionar a VPN, ou seja, encontrar uma rota que conecte os pontos terminais da VPN, alocando nos enlaces utilizados uma de largura de banda suficiente para o tráfego entre os pontos terminais de maneira que os requisitos de QoS solicitados sejam atendidos e que a soma das larguras de banda alocadas nos enlaces seja a menor possível. O aprovisionamento de VPNs para atendimento de contratos de nível de serviço (Service Level Agreements - SLAs) que envolvam requisitos de QoS, entretanto, é um problema NPcompleto. Para encontrar soluções viáveis, analisamos algoritmos baseados em heurísticas já utilizadas em outras áreas de conhecimento, com as devidas adaptações para lidar com VPNs e com as restrições de QoS impostas. Propomos e avaliamos também novas heurísticas para o problema. Além disso, baseados no modelo teórico conhecido como Hose, propomos e avaliamos o modelo Hose Seletivo, que permite a especificação de VPNs com requisitos adicionais de QoS e demandas diferenciadas de tráfego entre os pontos. Para dar suporte à análise dos algoritmos e do modelo Hose Seletivo, duas ferramentas são desenvolvidas: uma Linguagem de Descrição de VPNs (VPN-DL) e uma ferramenta com interface gráfica (VPNViewer) que computa as rotas e o custo das VPNs usando os algoritmos selecionados. Usando essas ferramentas, comparamos os algoritmos e os modelos Hose e Hose Seletivo para cenários diferentes através de simulações baseadas em topologias reais e aleatórias. Os resultados desta comparação mostram que o Hose Seletivo reduz o custo de aprovisionamento das VPNs em relação ao Hose quando as demandas de tráfego são especificadas com maior precisão

No description available.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / This work describes the design of an external cleaning system for fire hoses with an external polyester or rubber jacket. This device is intended as a tool for simple and effective external cleaning. Within the capabilities of the equipment is the washing and winding of a hose. This is made up of a washing chamber, which contains a group of sprinklers inside with a brushing system and a winding mechanism with a platform designed to carry out the type of winding snail or single donut. Cleaning can be applied to both types of coatings with the action of a selector switch, the variables involved are adjusted accordingly. The system aims to perform its functions without damaging the composition of the hose lining material, in addition to reducing the space required during cleaning.

Bensinpumpar har använts sedan början av 1900-talet och användningen expanderade snabbt genom åren. Utformningen och funktionerna på bensinpumparna har ständigt förnyats och optimerats för att göra tankningsprocessen säkrare, snabbare och bekvämare. I detta examensarbete utvecklas ett koncept för en motoriserad slanghanterare för varumärket Waynes Fueling System Sweden AB, som ingår i Dover Fueling Solutions-familjen. I vissa länder som exempelvis Indien är det vanligt att bensinstationerna är trånga och pumpslangen behöver ibland sträckas ut till sin maximala längd. Kraften som krävs för att dra slangen är 90 N och det anses vara för tungt att behöva dra. I detta examensarbete är syftet att göra tankningsprocessen enklare och att det inte ska vara baserat på en persons styrka. Målet är att utveckla ett koncept som matar ut slangen till användaren. Detta ska göras utan att ändra grunddesignen av bensinpumpen och behålla så många av de aktuella delarna som möjligt. Några av de metoder som kommer att används är brainstorming, gallerimetoden och Pughs poängsättningsmatris. Resultatet är ett koncept där rullar används för att driva varje slang och som ansluter till slangen när den dras. Rullarna är monterade på en axel som drivs av en servostyrning. Det finns ingen koppling mellan slangen och rullen om inte en slang dras som då ansluts till rullen. Motorn startar omedelbart när en dragkraft upptäcks. Detta är dock en konceptstudie och ytterligare arbete måste göras för att konceptet ska bli till en produkt / Dispensers have been used since early 20th century and the use increased rapidly through the years. The design and functions on the dispenser have constantly been renewed and optimized to make the refueling safer, faster and more comfortable. In this thesis a concept of a motorized hose handler is developed for the brand Waynes fueling system Sweden AB, which is a part of Dover fueling solutions family. In some countries such as India for instance it is common that the gasoline stations are crowded and the dispensers hose sometimes need to stretch out to its maximum length. The force required to pull the hose is 90 N which is too heavy for many individuals. The scope of this thesis is to make refueling easier and not based on the strength of a person. The goal is to develop a concept that eject the hose for the dispenser operator and remove or ease the pulling force from the hose. This must be done without changing the design of the dispenser and keep as many of the current parts as possible. Some of the methods that will be used are brainstorming, gallery method and Pughs scoring matrix. These methods are important for the thesis to develop a concept. The result is a concept where rollers are used for each hose and the rollers will connect with the hose when it is pulled. The rollers are mounted on a shaft which is driven by a servo controller. There is no connection between the hose and roller unless a hose is pulled and only that certain hose that is pulled when connected with the roller. The motor starts immediately when a pulling force is detected. However, this is a concept study and further work is necessary to make the concept into a real product.

No description available.

This thesis is produced in association with the company Dover Fueling Solutions, DFS, that is working towards the goal of developing ideas and solutions to optimize every aspect of the fueling process for vehicle fuel. A recurring problem is that the fuel hose from truck dispensers are left on the ground after being used. This can lead to leakage of fuel and increases the risk of being run over by incomming vehicles. The purpose of this thesis is to prevent that a fuel hose, after being used, remains on the ground and that the components preventing this are developed to resist the correct amount of relevant mechanical stresses. Reasonable choices of material for these components must be selected to resist corrosion since the fuel dispensers are placed outdoors. The scope is to design and perform calculations for an automized retraction of the fuel hose after usage and is achieved with the help of methods such as needs-matrixes, generation of concepts, analysis of solid mechanics and CAD. The result is an extension spring that is mounted in a pylon with a circular cross section that is managing the retraction mechanism of the fuel hose. The demarcations and suggestions for future work in this area are discussed and the use of compression springs are suggested as a potential improvement for the retraction mechanism. / Detta examensarbete görs i sammarbete med företaget Dover Fueling Solutions, DFS, som jobbar med att utveckla idéer och lösningar för att optimera alla aspekter av tankningsprocessen för fordondsbränsle. Ett  återkommande problem är att bränsleslangar från lastbilspumpar ligger kvar på marken efter användning. Detta kan leda till läckage av bränsle då inkommande fordon kan komma att köra över slangen. Syftet med detta arbete är att förhindra att lastbilspumpars bränsleslang, efter tankning, ligger kvar på marken och att komponenter som förhindrar detta dimensioneras mot relevanta, mekaniska påfrestningar. Rimliga materialval måste göras så att komponenterna är resistanta mot korrosion då pumparna är placerade utomhus. Målet är att utveckla en automatiserad indragning av bränsleslangen och genomförs med hjälp av metoder som konceptgenerering, behovsmatriser, hållfasthetsberäkningar och CAD. Resultatet är en dragfjäder monterad i en mast med cirkulärt tvärsnitt som hanterar indragningen av bränsleslangen. Avgränsningar och försslag på framtida arbeten diskuteras och tryckfjädrar nämns som en potentiell förbättring för indragningsmekanismen.

Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effect of auxin injury on soybean and cotton due to spray hose material, formulation and cleanout procedures on auxin equipment cleanout. Visual estimations of injury (VEOI) in wheat, height reduction, and yield reduction due to rimsulfuron and glyphosate titration was higher when compared to rimsulfuron only treatments with respect to 1/2X through the 1/256X treatments. Sequestration of 2,4-D within agricultural hose types did differ due to hose type and is confirmed by analytical testing, but field observation of wheat did not show differences among treatments due to VEOI, height reduction or yield reduction. Using soybean as a bio-indicator, differences did occur with respect to dicamba sequestration in agricultural hose types with respect to VEOI, height reduction, node reduction, yield reduction and ppm analyte retained. Results indicate chemical makeup of hose type in determination of ppm analyte dicamba retained. Cleaning procedures of water or ammonia do not prove to be different with respect to VEOI, height reduction, yield reduction or ppm analyte retained. Sequestration of 2,4-D within valved manifold systems and using water or ammonia as cleanout procedures in conjunction with rinse procedures did not show differences with respect to VEOI, height reduction, nodes above cracked boll (NACB), yield reduction or ppm analyte retained. It was not until standard 2,4-D applications were applied in field experiments when differences were observed. Deactivation of dicamba and 2,4-D using the Fenton procedure within various rates, showed an interaction with respect to VEOI, height reduction, node reduction, yield reduction and ppm analyte. Using soybean as a bio-indicator showed differences with the Fenton procedure deactivating the dicamba analyte in the 1/16X, 1/64X and 1/256X rate with respect to VEOI, height reduction, node reduction, yield reduction and ppm analyte retained. Using cotton as a bio-indicator showed differences with the Fenton procedure deactivating the 2,4-D analyte in every rate with respect to VEOI, height reduction, yield reduction and ppm analyte.

This report comprises a product development of an ergonomically designed hose basket that can be used by the firefighters when storing or carrying a fire hose. A study on ergonomics in the profession as a firefighter conducted by the Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE) showed that fire hose deployment was very physically exhausting. This study also revealed that some load may become too heavy and difficult to carry due to the design of the equipment. Injury to the user during lifting is common within the profession. Therefore there is a need for equipment that is more ergonomically designed.  The project follows a product development phase that includes market research and feasibility study which was accomplished by a literature study and through study visits and interviews at fire stations.  A common type of hose basket was used as the starting point for the project. This hose basket is in this report referred as "Skövde basket" and was considered heavy and un-ergonomic to carry, especially for shorter people. From the gathered information a ‘house of quality’ and a two-step idea generation was created. Several concepts that were made opposed the Skövde basket in an evaluation matrix. A material selection using a program, CES Selector 3.2 was made on the winning concept that became a hose basket which is carried under the arm.   The hose basket was then constructed in the program Creo Parametric 4.0 and detail drawings were created. A prototype was then made and tested by firefighters of both sexes and of different heights. The results pointed out improvements and deteriorations from the Skövde basket. The deterioration was that the basket became more difficult to pack, which was due to the reduced number of bars. Improvements were noticed on lift height; significant increase on lift height facilitated easy carrying by shorter individuals. / Denna rapport omfattar en produktutveckling av en ergonomiskt utformad slangkorg som kan användas av räddningstjänsten då brandslang ska placeras ut. Enligt en studie kring ergonomi inom räddningstjänsten gjord av Research Institutes of Sweden, RISE, ansåg många brandmän att slangutläggning var mycket fysiskt ansträngande. Syftet är att främja ergonomi inom brandmannayrket. Trots de fysiska kraven hos brandmän, kan vissa laster bli för tunga och svåra att bära på grund av utrustningens utformning. Därför behövs utrustning som är mer ergonomiskt utformad.   Projektet följer övergripligt en produktutvecklingsfas där det ingår dels en marknadsundersökning och en förstudie vilket gjordes genom en litteraturstudie, intervjuer och studiebesök på brandstationer.   En vanlig variant av slangkorg användes som utgångspunkt för projektet, denna slangkorg kallas i rapporten för ”Skövdeväskan” och ansågs tung och oergonomisk att bära, framför allt för kortare personer. Utifrån den information som samlats in gjordes ett kvalitetshus och en tvåstegs idégenerering där koncept togs fram. Koncepten ställdes mot varandra och mot Skövdeväskan i en konceptvalsmatris. Materialval med programmet CES Selector 3.2 gjordes på det vinnande konceptet som blev en slangkorg som bärs under armen.  Slangkorgen modellerades sedan i programmet Creo Parametric 4.0 och detaljritningar skapades. En prototyp konstruerades och denna testades av brandmän av båda könen och av olika längd. Testpersonerna fick därefter göra en utvärdering som visade på både förbättringar och försämringar jämfört med Skövdeväskan. Försämringar som uppkom var att korgen blev mer svårpackad vilket berodde på det reducerade antalet stödstänger i ramen. Förbättringar gjordes på lyfthöjd vilket underlättade framför allt för de kortare personerna.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:40:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 390923 bytes, checksum: 630bf983a00bacb032292abf9a3301dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-06 / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / The Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais is known for the cultivation of mango 'Uba' due to its suitable climate. The majority of the production is meant for agrobusiness as organic and conventional pulp. Most orchards, however, are managed as backyards without profound cultural treatments. The fertilization of mango trees is one of the major weaknesses of the management and influences the large variation of fruit production over the years. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response of the mango trees 'Uba' to mineral, organic and organic-mineral fertilizers in relation to the growth, production and fruit quality. The experiment was installed in 2007 with randomized blocks as experimental design and the application of four fertilization treatments: 1) TEST - control (only planting fertilization), 2) MIN - mineral fertilizer suitable for the culture, 3) ORG - organic manure equivalent to mineral fertilization and 4) ORM - organic-mineral fertilizer (half of mineral fertilizer and half of organic manure). Were determined properties of vegetative growth (diameter and height), production (kg/plant) and physico-chemical characteristics of the fruits: fresh pulp yield, pH, titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS), ratio SS/AT and ascorbic acid. During the last two years the plants grown without fertilization showed similar properties of vegetative growth to those grown with fertilizers. This may be due to the lower fruit production by the non fertilized plants, which invest more resources in vegetative growth. Unfertilized plants also showed significant in fruit production. The fruits of ORG and ORM treatments had higher fresh weight. Fruits of unfertilized plants showed averages of TA above the limit set by agroindustry. The SS/TA ratio was higher for fertilized plants, indicating a better quality of fruits in terms of flavor. The variables pH, SS and ascorbic acid did not differ between the treatments. We can conclude that unfertilized plants produce mangos with lower quality. Fertilization is a determining factor for the production of mango 'Uba'. No difference was found between organic and mineral fertilizers. Mineral fertilizers can be partially or totally replaced by organic fertilizers. / Devido ao clima apropriado ao cultivo da mangueira, a Zona da Mata mineira destacase pela produção de manga 'Ubá', destinada principalmente às agroindústrias que comercializam a polpa orgânica e convencional. A maior parte dos pomares, contudo, são de fundo de quintal conduzidos praticamente sem nenhum tipo de trato cultural. A adubação das mangueiras é um dos principais pontos fracos do manejo na Zona da Mata e pode acentuar a grande alternância da produção de frutos ao longo dos anos. Deste modo, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a resposta de mangueiras 'Ubá' a adubações minerais, orgânicas e organominerais em relação ao crescimento, produção e qualidade dos frutos. O experimento foi instalado em 2007, com o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso e a aplicação de quatro tratamentos de adubação: 1) TEST - testemunha (apenas adubação de plantio), 2) MIN - adubação mineral indicada para a cultura, 3) ORG - adubação orgânica equivalente à adubação mineral e 4) ORM - adubação organomineral (metade da dose da adubação mineral e metade da dose da adubação orgânica). Foram feitas medidas de crescimento vegetativo da planta (diâmetro e altura), produtividade (kg/planta) e análises físicoquímicas dos frutos: massa fresca, rendimento de polpa, pH, acidez titulável (AT), sólidos solúveis (SS), relação SS/AT e teor de ácido ascórbico. Nos dois últimos anos de cultivo, plantas TEST apresentaram menor produção de frutos, o que possibilitou o aporte de recursos para o alcance de medidas vegetativas semelhantes ao de plantas adubadas. Plantas TEST apresentaram acentuada alternância na produção de frutos. Frutos dos tratamentos ORG e ORM apresentaram maiores índices de massa fresca. Frutos de plantas TEST possuíram médias de AT acima do limite estabelecido pelas agroindústrias. A relação SS/AT foi maior para os tratamentos de plantas adubadas, em relação à TEST, indicando melhor qualidade quanto ao atributo sabor. As variáveis pH, SS e teor de ácido ascórbico não se diferenciaram entre os tratamentos. Concluise, pois, que mangueiras não adubadas (TEST) produziram frutos com qualidade inferior e que a adubação é um fator determinante para a produção de frutos de manga 'Ubá', podendo os adubos minerais ser parcial ou totalmente substituídos por adubos orgânicos.

Submitted by PAULO EDUARDO REZENDE SIMINO null (paulosimino@gmail.com) on 2016-09-01T18:09:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Paulo Simino_Jaboticabal.pdf: 1462778 bytes, checksum: c8cd31153cc4ec61ff18eddff25a9bf0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-09-02T20:14:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 simino_per_me_jabo.pdf: 1462778 bytes, checksum: c8cd31153cc4ec61ff18eddff25a9bf0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-02T20:14:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 simino_per_me_jabo.pdf: 1462778 bytes, checksum: c8cd31153cc4ec61ff18eddff25a9bf0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os principais métodos de aplicação de produtos fitossanitários na soja são aérea e terrestre, sendo essa feita com barra em área total. Ambas apresentam desuniformidades de cobertura e depósito no perfil vertical da planta, geralmente baixa no terço inferior, o que pode comprometer a eficiência do tratamento, dentre eles o controle de pragas. O presente trabalho avaliou a qualidade da aplicação localizada do inseticida clorpirifós (CapatazBR) realizada com pingentes posicionados na entre linha da cultura. O delineamento dos ensaios de campo foi no esquema fatorial 2 x 3, sendo dois modelos de pontas na aplicação com pingente (XR 11001 e TXA 8001) e três concentrações do óleo mineral Nimbus® (0; 0,5 e 3,0% v/v), além de um tratamento adicional que avaliou a aplicação em área total com pontas do modelo TT 110015. Foi avaliado duas taxas de aplicação (80 e 150 L ha-1) em duas localidades, perfazendo quatro experimentos, quando determinou-se a porcentagem de cobertura e o depósito nos diferentes terços da planta e o depósito total por planta. Avaliou-se em laboratório importantes parâmetros da calda, como a tensão superficial, ângulo de contato da gota com a folha de soja e uma superfície padrão de Parafilm®, a taxa de evaporação e o pH. Esses ensaios foram conduzidos no esquema fatorial 3x2, sendo três concentrações do óleo mineral (0; 0,5 e 3,0% v/v) e duas concentrações equivalentes às taxas de aplicação 80 e 150 L ha-1. De acordo com os resultados, a cobertura e o depósito foram menores para o terço inferior, tanto na aplicação localizada como em área total. A ponta XR apresentou-se com maior capacidade de depósito nos diferentes terços da planta em comparação à ponta TXA, mas o depósito total referente à somatória dos depósitos nos três terços apresentou-se igual entre ambas as pontas e as modalidades de aplicação área total e localizada. A simples adição de inseticida foi suficiente para reduzir a tensão superficial e o ângulo de contato da gota para as superfícies soja e Parafilm® em relação à água. A associação de 0,5% de óleo mineral ao inseticida reduziu o ângulo de contato da gota depositada sobre a superfície do Parafilm® em ambas as taxas de aplicação, enquanto que na soja nenhuma concentração de óleo mineral alterou o ângulo da gota. A calda referente ao volume de 80 L ha-1 e sem adjuvante apresentou a menor tensão superficial, porém proporcionou o pior espalhamento da gota na folha de soja. Nenhuma dose do adjuvante proporcionou efeito na evaporação da gota pendente. O inseticida reduziu o pH da calda e o adjuvante não interferiu nesse parâmetro. / The main methods for pesticide application in soybean are by aircraft and tractor using sprayer boom in total Área. Both of them present non-uniformity of coverage and deposit on the vertical profile of the plant, usually low in the bottom third, which can compromise the efficiency of the treatment, including pest control. This study evaluated the quality of the localized application of the insecticide chlorpyrifos (CapatazBR) performed with hose drops positioned in line between the culture. The design of field trials was in a factorial 2 x 3, two models of nozzle on application in hose drop (XR 11001 and TXA 8001) and three mineral oil concentrations Nimbus® (0, 0.5 and 3.0% v / v), plus an additional treatment evaluating the total Área of application with a model of nozzle TT 110015. It was evaluated two spray volumes (80 and 150 L ha-1) in two locality, that is four experiments. It was determined the percentage of coverage and deposition in different thirds of the plant and the total deposit per plant. It was evaluated in a laboratory important parameters such as surface tension, contact angle of the droplet with soybean leaf pattern and a Parafilm® surface, the evaporation rate and pH. These trials were conducted in a 3x2 factorial arrangement, with three concentrations of mineral oil (0, 0.5 and 3.0% v / v) and two concentrations equivalent to application rates of 80 and 150 L ha-1. According to the results, coverage and the deposit was lower for the lower third in both the localized application and in total Área. The nozzle XR presented with greater deposit capacity in the different thirds of the plant compared to the nozzle TXA, but the total deposit (sum of the three thirds) were equal between both nozzle models and the application types. The simple addition of insecticide was sufficient to reduce the surface tension and contact angle of the droplet to the surfaces soybean and Parafilm compared to water. The combination of 0.5% mineral oil to the insecticide reduced the contact angle of the droplet deposited on the surface of Parafilm at both application rates, whereas in soybean no mineral oil concentration alter the angle of the drop. The treatement related to application rate of 80 L ha-1 and without mineral oil had the lowest surface tension, but provided the worst spreading drop in soybean leaves. No adjuvant concentration provided effect in the evaporation pendant drop. The insecticide reduced the pH and the adjuvant did not affect this parameter.