Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MunichVS.pdf: 374637 bytes, checksum: 9affa9ccd4d3f0cda99f3200ef12313d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The house work is a reality for girls of humble class and one of the most found forms of work among adolescent workers. Moreover, it is a mean of work which reproduces poverty and gender relations within the society. The purpose of this essay in to understand the house work in the life of adolescent workers, emphasizing the meaning produced by these teenagers concerning the job they perform. In order to achieve such goal, questionnaires were applied to 332 adolescents, under 18 years old from public schools (from EJA-supletivo) in Natal, with the purpose of mapping the registration of this activity among young students. Next, 14 adolescents were interviewed in order to recognize the meaning of this work and its repercussions over the teenagery, such as school education, socialization, relations with employers and adolescent s self-image. Later we have noticed most workers among the students from public schools are housemaids. Furthermore, this work is used as a form of social ascension and it contributes for the search for better opportunities in the state capital for adolescents who leave the countryside trying to agree to education and remuneration. This work plays an important role, which is to reproduce gender relations, as a woman works to maintain the private space as a female space and maintains the man out of this relation. Besides it reproduces class relations, ethny and generation conflicts, in which the employer replaces the control the parents have in the adolescent s life. Summing up, this study about house work have negative aspects, related to exploitation, humiliation and mistreat, as well as positive ones, for it permits the adolescent to improve his life conditions. The most important thing is to look for a mean of work in which human and workers rights are respected / O trabalho dom?stico ? uma realidade para as meninas de classe populares e uma das formas mais encontradas entres as adolescentes trabalhadoras. Al?m disso, ? um modo de trabalho que reproduz a pobreza e as rela??es de g?nero na sociedade. Esta presente disserta??o tem por objetivo entender o trabalho dom?stico na vida das adolescentes trabalhadoras, dando ?nfase ao sentido produzido por estas jovens acerca do trabalho que executam. Para tanto foram aplicados question?rios em 332 jovens com menos de 18 anos de escolas p?blicas (no ensino de EJA-supletivo) do munic?pio de Natal com a finalidade de mapear o registro desta atividade entre as jovens estudantes. Depois, foram entrevistadas 14 adolescentes com o objetivo de conhecer o sentido deste trabalho e as repercuss?es do mesmo em muitos aspectos da vida das jovens, como na escolariza??o, socializa??o, nas rela??es com os patr?es e na auto-imagem da adolescente. Percebeu-se ent?o que o maior grupo de trabalhadores entre as estudantes de escola p?blica ? o de empregadas dom?sticas. Al?m disso, este trabalho ? percebido como uma forma de ascens?o social e contribui na busca de melhores oportunidades na capital do estado para as jovens que saem do interior buscando aceder aos estudos e a uma remunera??o. Este trabalho tem uma importante fun??o de reproduzir rela??es de g?nero, na medida em que uma mulher trabalha para manter o espa?o privado como um espa?o feminino e mant?m o homem fora desta rela??o. Ainda reproduz rela??es de classe, etnia e os conflitos geracionais, nos quais a patroa substitui o controle que os pais t?m na vida da adolescente. Em suma, destaca-se que o trabalho dom?stico estudado pode ter aspectos negativos, relacionados a explora??o, humilha??es e maus tratos, e positivos, quando permite que a adolescente possa melhorar as condi??es de vida. O mais importante ? buscar uma forma de trabalho na qual sejam respeitados tanto os direitos trabalhistas quanto os humanos

The aim of this work is to analyze the transitions from paid housework toward other occupations, unemployment and inactivity, and the determinants of these transitions. We use the panel data from the ENAHO for the periods 1998-2002, 2002-2006, and 2007-2011. After a detailed descriptive analysis of partial and complete panels, we find that around one third of the paid house-workers stay in this occupation while a similar percentage moves to independent work or low productivity salaried work. After estimating the transitions from paid housework to other occupations, and to inactivity, we find that a higher level of education is always related to a transition toward another occupation, although in the case of paid house-workers it is usually toward independent labor. Finally, transitions from paid housework to other occupations or inactivity depend on the economic cycle, although the marginal effects are lower for them than for women in general. / El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las transiciones desde el trabajo del hogar remunerado hacia otras ocupaciones, el desempleo y la inactividad, así como los determinantes de estas transiciones.Para ello empleamos los datos panel de la ENAHO para los periodos 1998-2002, 2002-2006 y 2007-2011. Luego de un análisis detallado de las transiciones parciales y totales de cada panel, encontramos que alrededor de un tercio de las trabajadoras del hogar se quedan en la misma ocupación y que un porcentaje similar pasa a al trabajo independiente o a ocupaciones asalariadas de baja productividad. Al estimar los determinantes de las transiciones desde el trabajo del hogar remunerado hacia otras ocupaciones y hacia la inactividad, encontramos que un mayor nivel de educación está asociado a una salida hacia otra ocupación, si bien en el caso de las trabajadoras del hogar usualmente es hacia el trabajo independiente. Finalmente, las transiciones desde el trabajodel hogar remunerado hacia otros empleos o hacia la inactividad dependen del ciclo económico, si bien los efectos marginales son menores que en el caso de las mujeres en general.