Orientador:Selma Giorgio / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T03:42:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ayres_DianaCopi_M.pdf: 1836758 bytes, checksum: 420db1cc65cdcfd2ad1eb3aa3a054589 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A Leishmania amazonensis, espécie transmitida principalmente na região amazônica, está associada com a presença de lesões cutâneas locais e a quimioterapia é a principal forma de controle da doença, já que vacinas efetivas ainda necessitam ser desenvolvidas. Neste contesto, tem havido uma intensa busca por compostos sintéticos ou produtos naturais com potencial para o tratamento da leishmaniose que evite a exposição de pacientes a drogas potencialmente tóxicas. A própolis é uma resina que abelhas coletam de diferentes exsudatos de plantas. Ela apresenta muitas atividades farmacológicas e já vêm sendo utilizada para o tratamento de diversas doenças. No presente trabalho, avaliamos a atividade leishmanicida da Anfotericina B, Glucantime, Miltefosina e dos imunoestimuladores Propinobacterium acnes (P. acnes) e Polyinosinic-Polyribocytidylic acid (Poly IC) no modelo in vitro em condições de hipóxia (6% O2) e de Glucantime, própolis e P. acnes no modelo in vivo em condições de hiperóxia (100% O2 a uma pressão de 2.5 ATA). Primeiramente, nós descrevemos o efeito da Anfotericina B, Glucantime, Miltefosina, P. acnes e Poly IC em condições de normóxia e hipóxia. Em condições hipóxicas, todos os compostos foram menos efetivos em macrófagos peritoneais infectados com L. amazonensis. Avaliamos também o efeito de diferentes tratamentos no modelo in vivo de infecção com L. amazonensis na região do dorso. Nossos resultados mostram a análise dos efeitos do extrato etanólico de própolis vermelha tipificada, assim como dos géis de própolis e papaína, Glucantime e P. acnes isolados ou juntamente com o tratamento hiperbárico. Grupos de camundongos BALB/c tratados com Glucantime, Glucantime e HBO ou Glucantime e gel de própolis apresentaram uma diminuição significativa do tamanho das lesões, comparado com as lesões de animais do grupo controle. Diferenças significativas entre os tecidos das lesões de camundongos infectados com L. amazonensis e não tratados, tratados com gel de própolis, gel de papaína, Glucantime, Glucantime e gel de própolis ou P. acnes, submetidos ou não a HBO foram observadas através da análise histopatológica. Finalmente, investigamos a produção das citocinas INF-??e IL-4 por camundongos BALB/c infectados com L. amazonensis e tratados com gel de HBO, própolis, Glucantime, Glucantime e gel de própolis ou Glucantime e HBO. O único grupo de camundongos a apresentar uma produção de INF-??maior que o grupo controle foi o grupo tratado com Propaína. Não foi observada a produção de IL-4 nos grupos analisados / Abstract: L. amazonensis, a species transmitted mainly in the Amazon region, which is associated with localized cutaneous lesions and chemotherapy remains the mainstay for the control of leishmaniasis, as effective vaccines have yet to be developed. In this context, there is an intense search for potential new synthetic compounds and natural products for the treatment of leishmaniasis that avoids exposure to potentially toxic drugs. Propolis is a resinous substance that honey bees collect from different plant exsudates. It posses versatile valuable pharmacological activities and has, to date, been taken in internal and external dosage forms for the treatments of various diseases. In this work we evaluated the leishmanicidal activity of Amphotericin-B, Glucantime, Miltefosine and the immunostimulatory Propinobacterium acnes (P. acnes) e Polyinosinic-Polyribocytidylic acid (Poly IC) in vitro under hypoxic (6% O2) and of Glucantime, propolis and P. Acnes in vivo under hyperoxic conditions (100% O2 at a pressure of 2.5 ATA). First, we describe the effect of Amphotericin-B, Glucantime, Miltefosine and the immunostimulatory P. Acnes and Poly IC under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Under hypoxic condition all compounds were less efective in L. amazonensis infected peritoneal macrophages. We also evaluated the role of different treatment in a in vivo model of rump infection, with leishmaniasis. We describe the effects of ethanolic extract of typified Brazilian red propolis sample, red propolis and papain gel, Glucantime and the imunomodulator P. acnes with or with out the HBO terapy. For this reason, we have performed a longitudinal analysis in the expanding lesions of the susceptible BALB/c mouse. BALB/c mice treated with Glucantime, a combinated therapy of Glucantime and HBO or Glucantime and propolis gel showed significant delay in lesion development and reduction in lesion parasite burdens compared with control mice. Significant differences in the tissue pathology between red propolis and papain gel, Glucantime and P. acnes with or without the HBO terapy and untreated mice were observed by the end of treatments. Finally, we investigated the citokyne production by BALB/c mouse infected with L. amazonensis and treated with propolis gel, Glucantime and HBO terapy. Propolis gel was the only treatment that increases the INF-??productin. We do not observe IL-4 production in the tested groups / Mestrado / Mestre em Parasitologia

Orientadores: João Jose Fagundes, Wu Feng Chung / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-15T12:33:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rocha_AntonioAngelo_D.pdf: 7742775 bytes, checksum: 2cabe2d42821253fa63080904d8d166b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A cicatrização das anastomoses intestinais depende de fatores locais e sistêmicos. A peritonite é fator importante que pode alterar a cicatrização das anastomoses no intestino. A hiperóxia hiperbárica (HBO) consiste na inalação de oxigênio a 100% em pressão superior à atmosférica. OBJETIVO: Analisar o efeito da oxigenoterapia hiperbárica sobre a resistência mecânica de anastomoses realizadas em cólon distal de ratos na presença de peritonite induzida por ligadura e punção cecal utilizando o teste biomecânico de Energia Total de Ruptura (ETR). MATERIAL e MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 45 ratos distribuídos em três grupos de 15 animais. No Grupo Controle (GC), realizou-se anastomose no cólon distal sem peritonite. No Grupo Peritonite (GP), realizou-se anastomose seis horas após a indução da peritonite por ligadura e punção cecal. No Grupo Câmara Hiperbárica (GCH), realizou-se anastomose seis horas após a indução da peritonite por ligadura e punção cecal. Os animais dos GC e GP foram mantidos em ar ambiente. Os animais do GCH foram colocados em uma câmara hiperbárica experimental para inalarem oxigênio a 100%, a duas atmosferas absolutas, durante 120 minutos, por quatro dias consecutivos. A eutanásia ocorreu no quinto dia do experimento. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao Teste de Resistência Biomecânico Energia Total de Ruptura (ETR). A Energia Total de Ruptura foi definida como a energia interna acumulada necessária para promover o rompimento do cólon após a imposição de uma força externa de tração. RESULTADOS: O Grupo Peritonite apresentou menor média de ETR que o Grupo Controle. Não houve diferença estatística entre o Grupo Peritonite e o Grupo Câmara Hiperbárica. CONCLUSÃO: A oxigenoterapia hiperbárica não alterou a resistência mecânica de anastomoses realizadas no cólon distal de ratos na presença de peritonite induzida por ligadura e punção cecal / Abstract: The cicatrization of bowel anastomosis depends on local and systemic factors. Peritonitis is an important factor that can alter the cicatrization of anastomosis in bowels. The HBO consists of inhaling oxygen at 100% under a pressure greater than the surrounding atmosphere. PURPOSE: To analyze the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the mechanical resistance of the anastomosis in the distal colon of rats in the presence of peritonitis induced by cecal ligation and puncture using the Total Energy Rupture biomechanical test (ETR). MATERIAL and METHOD: We used 45 rats divided into three groups of 15 animals. In the Control Group (CG) distal colon anastomosis was carried out without peritonitis. In the Peritonitis Group (GP), anastomosis was carried out six hours after the induction of peritonitis by cecal ligation and puncture. In the Hyperbaric Chamber Group (GCH), anastomosis was carried out six hours after induction of peritonitis by cecal ligation and puncture. The animals in the study and control groups were kept in environmental air. The GCH animals were placed in an experimental hyperbaric chamber to inhale 100% oxygen, at two absolute atmospheres for 120 minutes, for four consecutive days. Euthanasia occurred on the fifth day of the experiment. All animals were submitted to the Total Energy Rupture biomechanical test (ETR). The Total Energy Rupture was defined as the accumulated internal energy necessary to promote the rupture of the colon after the imposition of an external force of traction / Doutorado / Pesquisa Experimental / Mestre em Cirurgia

Orientador: Fabio Trindade Maranhão Costa / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T23:13:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Blanco_YaraCarollo_D.pdf: 7163711 bytes, checksum: 880b23b56e210670cf37c82408110b1b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A Malária é a principal doença parasitária do mundo, infectando 300-500 milhões de pessoas e levando ao óbito cerca de 1 milhão de indivíduos anualmente. As infecções maláricas geralmente não apresentam complicações, no entanto, infecções por Plasmodium falciparum podem se desenvolver em formas graves da doença, como a malaria cerebral. A malaria cerebral e considerada uma síndrome multifatorial, envolvendo a citoadesão de eritrócitos infectados por P. falciparum (EIPf) através de diferentes receptores como CD36, ICAM-1, VCAM, P-selectina e E-selectina, sendo o ICAM-1 apontado como o principal receptor. Varias evidências sugerem ainda que o desbalanço da resposta imune do hospedeiro, a ativação endotelial e alterações na cascata de coagulação desempenham papel importante na patogênese da MC. Além disso, outros fatores como a presença de heme livre e NOS também tem sido apontados como essenciais para o desenvolvimento da MC... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: Malaria still is a major parasitic disease in the world, infecting 300-500 million people and leading to death about 1 million people annually. Usually malaria infections do not lead to complications, however some infections, mainly, by Plasmodium falciparum can evolve into severe forms of disease such as cerebral malaria (CM). CM is considered a multifactorial syndrome involving cytoadhesion of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes (PfEI) to different host receptors such as CD36, VCAM, P-selectin and E-selectin and ICAM-1 , which is considered the main receptor involved in MC. A large body of evidences suggests that the imbalance of the host immune response, endothelial activation and changes in the coagulation cascade play an important role in the pathogenesis of CM. Moreover, of free heme, and NOS has also been identified as essential for the development of CM...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document / Doutorado / Parasitologia / Doutor em Parasitologia

Scuba diving as a recreational activity has increased in popularity over the past few years. It is believed that repeated exposure to the hyperbaric environment may have a long term effect on the auditory system. The research literature has given a lot of attention to acute injury but is very limited relating to the long term implications of scuba diving. Previous research studies did not perform a full audiometric test battery. A comprehensive audiological assessment is critical to determine in which part of the ear a pathology may occur during recreational diving. This study endeavoured to assess and describe the hearing abilities and middle ear functioning of the recreational scuba diver and investigate the possibility that diving, on a recreational level, may have an influence on the auditory system. In order to achieve the aims of this study, a descriptive, correlation research design was selected. The results of the current study indicate that scuba diving on a recreational level does not have a significant effect on the hearing and middle ear functioning of the individual, with the exclusion of static compliance. It appears that the inevitable compression and decompression that the middle ears are exposed to during scuba diving might have a more permanent effect on the elasticity of the tympanic membrane. Finally this study aims to increase the awareness of possible risks concerning the auditory system relating to scuba diving and in so doing, attribute to the prevention, diagnosing and intervention of diving related ear injuries. / Dissertation (M (Communication Pathology))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology / M (Communication Pathology) / unrestricted

Orientador: Selma Giorgio / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T16:29:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_WagnerWelberArraisda_D.pdf: 2543782 bytes, checksum: d4c1a96c9dabbacb3872004b7f017fb8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Nas infecções com o parasito do gênero Leishmania a incapacidade da célula hospedeira destruir os amastigotas leva à lesão a cronificar-se. A persistência e o aumento da carga parasitária levam a formação de um granuloma macrofágico, que resulta em áreas de inadequada perfusão e conseqüente alteração do microambiente tecidual. Assim, neste trabalho avaliamos durante a evolução da lesão de camundongos infectados com L amazonensis a expressão das proteínas HIF-1a e VEGF, que respondem ao estresse microambiental. Paralelamente, investigamos protocolos terapêuticos com HBO que modulem a curva de crescimento da lesão em modelos animais da infecção por Leishmania amazonensis. A expressão de HIF-1a ocorreu nas fases iniciais, crônicas e fases finais da infecção murina com L. amazonensis. Nas lesões cutâneas de camundongos da linhagem BALB/c a expressão de HIF-1a foi de localização difusa na lesão, enquanto que a expressão de HIF- 1a em lesões cutâneas da linhagem C57Bl/6 foi em forma de cluster restrita aos macrófagos parasitados. A expressão de VEGF nas lesões de ambas linhagens de camundongos foi discreta durante todo o período experimental e não aumentou com o tempo de infecção. O tratamento com oxigênio hiperbárico mostrou efeito deletério sobre formas promastigotas aumentando o acúmulo de lipídios citoplasmáticos e o nível de apoptose. O oxigênio hiperbárico diminuiu os efeitos patológicos e modulou a resposta imune. Concluímos que a expressão de HIF-1a durante a evolução da lesão leishmaniótica não está diretamente relacionada à expressão de VEGF e pode ser resultado de múltiplos fatores, que incluem fatores hipóxicos e não hipóxicos. Sugerimos também que o tratamento hiperbárico é capaz de modular a resposta imunológica e diminuir a progressão da lesão durante a leishmaniose murina / Abstract: The incapacity of host cell in killing amastigotes during Leishmania infections causes to chronic lesions. The increase of parasite burden leaves to macrophage accumulation and consequently granuloma formation that result in inadequate perfusion and tissue microenvironment alterations. Thus, in this work we evaluated the HIF-1a and VEGF expression, proteins that responses for environmental stress, during the course of L.amazonensis infection. We also investigated protocols for hyperbaric oxygen therapy that module the lesion progress in animal models infected with L. amazonensis. HIF-1a expression occurred in the early, chronic and in final stages of murine infection with L. amazonensis. BALB/c mice lesions showed a homogeneous expression of HIF-1a while footpads from C57Bl/6 mice showed HIF-1a expression restrict in clusters of heavily infected macrophages. The VEGF expression was not correlated to the evolution of lesion or the HIF-1 production in both stains. The hyperbaric oxygen treatment showed deleterious effects on promastigotes increasing cytoplasmtic lipids and apoptosis level. The HBO decreased pathological effects and modulated the immune response. The results suggest that the HIF-1a expression during lesion progress induced by L.amazonensis in both murine strains is the result of multiple factors, including hypoxic and non hypoxic factors. There is no direct relation between HIF-1a and VEGF expression during experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. We also indicated that hyperbaric oxygen therapy was able to modulate immune response and decrease of lesion progress during murine leishmaniasis / Doutorado / Doutor em Parasitologia

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 甲第21845号 / 人博第874号 / 新制||人||210(附属図書館) / 2018||人博||874(吉田南総合図書館) / 京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻 / (主査)教授 石原 昭彦, 教授 久代 恵介, 教授 神﨑 素樹 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

京都大学 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(医学) / 乙第13437号 / 論医博第2236号 / 新制||医||1054(附属図書館) / (主査)教授 松田 秀一, 教授 中山 健夫, 教授 森本 尚樹 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・論文博士 / 博士(人間・環境学) / 乙第12883号 / 論人博第40号 / 新制||人||169(附属図書館) / 26||論人博||40(吉田南総合図書館) / 31601 / (主査)教授 石原 昭彦, 教授 船橋 新太郎, 教授 林 達也, 准教授 神﨑 素樹, 准教授 久代 恵介 / 学位規則第4条第2項該当 / Doctor of Human and Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM

Vitamin E and selenium play key roles in preventing in vitro lipid peroxidation and free radical damage to retinal tissues. In this research, we studied the effects of hyperbaric oxygen on retinal structure in rats fed diets deficient in vitamin E and/or selenium. We also correlated any alterations in retinal structure with previously measured alterations in electroretinograms (ERGs). Age-matched rats were fed a basal diet deficient in both vitamin E and selenium (B diet), a basal diet supplemented with vitamin E alone (B+E diet), or selenium alone (B+Se diet), or with both micronutrients (B+E+Se). Half the rats in each group were treated (+ HBO) with hyperbaric oxygen (100% O2 at 3 ATA for 1·5 per hr day, 5 days per week) and half were not (-HBO). We previously found that the rats fed the B diet for 6 weeks and treated with HBO for 4 weeks (B+HBO group) had diminished a-wave ERG amplitudes. At this time point all rats in the B group and half of the rats in the B+E+Se group were killed for the structural studies reported here. Surprisingly, we found no evidence of photoreceptor cell necrosis [i.e. a decreased thickness of the outer nuclear layer (ONL)] in retinas from rats in the B+HBO group despite the diminished amplitude of the a-wave which arises from this retinal layer. Quantitative structural analyses of retinas from rats in the B+HBO, B-HBO, B+E+Se-HBO and B+E+Se+HBO groups also failed to reveal any significant differences in the cell height of the retinal pigmented epithelium (nasal, central or temporal regions) or the number of mitochondria, phagosomas or inclusion bodies in the central retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The inner nuclear layer (INL) thickness was, however, consistently decreased in all retinal regions for the rats in the B+HBO group. Our previous work also showed that only rats fed the B+Se diet for 17 weeks and treated with HBO for 15 weeks (B+Se+HBO group) showed diminished a-wave and b-wave ERG amplitudes. At this time point rats in the B+E+Se, B+E, and B+Se groups were killed for structural studies reported here. Only rats in the B+Se+HBO group showed a significantly decreased (about 20%) thickness of the central ONL. This evidence of photoreceptor cell necrosis correlated very well with our previous observation of diminished a- and b-wave amplitudes only in the B+Se+HBO group (at week 17). Ultrastructural studies after 17 weeks of feeding the experimental diets revealed two different types of inclusion bodies in the central RPE. On the basis of morphological appearance we have termed these inclusion bodies 'electron-dense' and 'granulated'. The central RPE of rats in the B+Se+HBO and B+Se-HBO groups showed a larger number (P < 0·001) of 'granulated' inclusion bodies and a smaller number (P < 0·001) of 'electron-dense' inclusion bodies than rats in any other diet/treatment group at this time point. In marked contrast, there were no observable 'granulated' inclusion bodies and no significant differences in the number of electron-dense inclusion bodies found in the central RPE from rats in any diet/treatment group after 6 weeks of feeding the experimental diets. Our results are discussed with respect to the potential effects of lipid peroxidation on retinal morphology and on electroretinograms.

Background: Ageing is associated with age-related disease and it has been divided into 12 hallmarks and cellular senescence is one of them. Cellular senescence increases with age and has different pathological inducing aspects in the tissue. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is used in the clinic to treat different pathological conditions and has emerged as a possible intervention for the reduction of senescent cells. Reducing senescent cells could be a way to reduce the effects of ageing and therefore possibly in the future treat age-related diseases. Aim: This systematic literature review aims to investigate articles researching the effect of HBO exposure on senescent cells and the properties of senescent cells. Methods: PubMed database was used in this systematic literature review. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were specified using the PECO format. A search plan was created using both MeSH words and free text words. An article search was performed twice on 11 th September 2023 and 20 th November 2023. The exclusion and inclusion criteria were used to filter the search results and for the full-text review. Result: 6 articles in total were included in this study. 2 of those included articles were conducted on humans while the rest were conducted on animals or animal cells. Two studies showed that HBOT decreases the number of senescent cells, one study showed that the senescent cell markers and SASP were decreased post-HBOT, two studies showed that the properties of senescent cells were decreased post-HBOT while one study showed the contrary with an increased senescent cell properties. Conclusion: The result of this systematic literature review suggests that there is an association between HBOT and a decrease in senescent cells or its properties. More research is needed though to better understand the relationship between HBOT and the effect it imposes on senescent cells.