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Taking the title of this page literally, I wish to say the following: In this thesis I attempt to resolve some of the metaphilosophical problems concerning the logic of philosophy (i.e. its definition, structural principles, historiography, etc.) in view of the general theory that all of philosophy is but the expression of a single idea--that of the relationship between Reason and Experience. Towards this end, and from within a Kantian framework, I undertake to examine the history of philosophy in order to demonstrate how these basic metaphilosophical problems are generated and how it is that they cannot be solved. The one original claim being made in all of this, then, is simply that philosophy only ever has one thing to say and that this thing cannot be said. If I am right about this, then I have made no contribution to human knowledge, except in the Socratic sense that we now know something which cannot be known. I draw no moral from this except to note in passing that philosophy was first defined as the love of wisdom. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

Today's schools face a mounting number of court cases resulting from conflicts between parents of children with special needs and educators tasked with meeting those needs (Osborne, 2009). Principals have the enormous responsibility to ensure appropriate services to educate students with disabilities and, as special education leaders, require a skill set that includes knowledge of current laws, litigation, student learning needs, and how to support parents' decision making rights and responsibilities. A gap is evident between what principals know about special education leadership and case law and what principals are doing in the field. The purpose of this study was to identify effective actions and behaviors that support Virginia principals' leadership in special education decision making. More specifically, the study examined what can be done to minimize special education disputes between parents and schools and identify principals' skill sets to minimize special education disputes. Two concurrent Delphi studies were conducted with 16 member panels; stakeholders with familial responsibilities to children with disabilities and professional experts with responsibility to special education compliance participated. A final round exchanged findings between the panels. The study identified a list of best practices for Virginia school principals to support special education leadership and decision making. / Ed. D.

In recent years, Americans have seen a plethora of litigation surrounding disputes parents have with school districts involving a wide range of special education issues. The ability to challenge the decisions made by school personnel regarding identification, evaluation, placement, and the provision of free appropriate public education is a cornerstone of the Individuals with Disabilities Act (Opuda, 1997). IDEA requires that states guarantee parents the right to bring complaints to the State Education Agency regarding any of these matters (34 C.F.R. 300.507). The federal government and state legislatures have toiled to develop strategies to work through these challenges by utilizing alternative dispute resolution procedures. Under IDEA, parents are afforded the opportunity to participate in meetings concerning their child or request mediation. If they feel the child has not been provided a free appropriate public education, they can challenge the local education agency, or state education agency. Consistent with federal regulations, all states must have a system to monitor and enforce special education compliance issues. If parents believe there is sufficient proof that their child has not been served in accordance with state and federal guidelines, they may file complaint resolution procedures with their state education agency (20 U.S.C. §1400, et. seq.). This study used a quantitative approach to examine the number of cases where parents filed complaint resolution procedures with the Virginia Department of Education regarding special education compliance issues as well as analyze the frequencies of the complaint resolution procedures over a four year period. The examination of these cases focused on whether or not the effects of the division size, locale (rural, suburban, or city), geographical region, socioeconomic status of the family, and the category of the issue influenced the outcome of the complaint. / Ph. D.

The present thesis aims to conclude an analysis of political and administative structures in Byzantium and Western Empire from the end of the 9th until half of the 11th century. This was achieved by means of comparison. The author attempted resolve the issue of mutual relationship between the political elite and the ruler and how differences both in the Byzantine and Western Empires influenced the social system. The research included analysis of ruler legitimity, organisation of administration, social mentality and abstract ideas of the state. In the conclusion of this work, the author presented the major differences between West and Byzantium and evaluated future development of both states in regard to internal stability and integration fo political elites. Keywords: Byzantine Empire, East Francia, Roman Empire, Idea of the State

Widely known definition of pedagogy as a science of education, which is a process of intentional action on the individual, doesn't accurately represent the true substance of upbringing and education according to Jan Patočka, one of the most important Czech philosopher. He asks for fundamental questions about the nature of education and their targets. Education is the foundation of humanity itself for him and it is essentially connected to philosophy. Primarily the education is the education to humanity for Patočka. It is about education, which is interpreted as a care of the soul, of the soul opened to the outside world. It should lead to awareness, it should be determined by a kind of moral idea and finally it makes us human. Patočka criticizes purely scientific and theoretical education full of positivist utilitarianism and POLYMATHIA. On the contrary, he puts the process of education and training to the field of the natural world, the world of human experience in which a person has to carry out his options and scheduling its life. The philosophy helps to orient in the natural world. Thus the education is the essence of philosophy. The thesis deals with the pedagogical and educational moments, which can be seen from Patočka's phenomenological philosophy, and it deals also with analysis of the...

Title: The role of the coach in preparation of youth players Objective: The aim of my work was to observe 3 coaches of football players in age 11-13, their usage of teaching styles used during training units and success of coaches idea's communication towards to their youth players. Hypothesis: Hypothesis 1: I suppose , that coaches will mostly use the direct teaching style Hypothesis 2: I suppose, that most of the ideas will not be told so precisely towards to the players to be able understand them immediately Methods: In my work I used direct and indirect method, structured and opened observation of every single coach and player's reaction to the coaches instruction Results: The aim of my work was reached, I successfully collected and evaluated all needed data Hypothesis 2 => confirmed Hypothesis 2 => unconfirmed Keywords: Coach, teaching style, accurate idea, inaccurate idea

Background: The Supply Chain department at the division Sandvik Machining Solutions within Sandvik AB have found a need of introducing a process for managing innovation within the organization in order to gain competitive advantages and to stay on the leading edge in their field. Research Questions: 1. How can a generic model for managing innovation within the supply chain look like? 2. How can an innovation process be configured and managed in order to create and manage new ideas in the supply chain? Methodology: An exploratory case study approach to answer the research questions has been conducted in order to develop a model for innovation management within a supply chain of large manufacturing firm. The data collection methods have been interviews and from internal documentation. The interviews have been conducted with managers at Sandvik Machining Solutions within the SCM department, R&D department (innovation manager) and sales departments. The amount of correspondents has been no more than the amount 10 because of the empirical evidence it will result in otherwise and the time limit of this research. The fact that this is a case study, based on a single company, our findings will not be completely generalizable to other populations, but it can be generalizable to some extent if applied to similar companies and situations. To increase the validity of this research, the model could have been tested and evaluated. Findings and Results: The results showed that there is a need of becoming more innovative within the supply chain. Moreover, to get inputs through-out the organization we have also received significant information regarding e.g. the supply chain strategies, innovation and customer needs. These inputs have been analyzed in order to develop an innovation management process that will fit a supply chain department. The model also provides a structured approach to create and manage new ideas in within the Supply Chain.

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre des recherches menées sur la méthode des personas. Modèles d’utilisateurs, les personas restituent de manière personnalisée des comportements, des attitudes ou encore des contextes d’usage. A ce titre, ils sont utilisés dans le domaine de la conception de produits numériques. Nous proposons, plus largement, de les mobiliser au cours d’interventions axées sur la santé des salariés et la performance des systèmes. En effet, les personas sont considérés dans la littérature comme un outil puissant de génération et de sélection des idées. De plus, les travaux menés principalement en psychologie de la créativité permettent de penser que les personas sont effectivement susceptibles d’améliorer les performances créatives des acteurs impliqués dans un processus de transformation ou de conception. Néanmoins, très peu de recherches ont porté sur cet aspect. La question est donc d’établir la capacité des personas à générer des idées nouvelles et adaptées. Cinq études ont été conduites pour répondre à cette question. Elles montrent que les personas ne se distinguent pas des autres sources d’inspiration étudiées par le nombre d’idées générées. Leur apport fondamental se situe au niveau de la nature des idées produites et de leur capacité à instrumenter la sélection de ces idées. De plus, les personas soutiennent la construction de représentations communes, la simulation langagière et l’activité argumentative dans les groupes de travail. Ces résultats confirment l’utilité du recours aux personas dans un processus de transformation ou de conception. Ils ouvrent des perspectives sur un enrichissement de l’intervention / This thesis is part of the research on personas. As user models, personas restore in a personalized way, behaviors, attitudes or contexts of use. Thus, they are commonly used in the field of digital product design. We propose using them in a broader context i.e in interventions focused in occupational health and systems performance. In the literature on personas they are considered as a powerful tool for idea generation and idea selection. In addition, the research mainly in the domain of the psychology of creativity shows that personas are actually likely to improve creative performance. However, very few studies have focused on this aspect. The question is to establish whether the personas are able to generate new and relevant ideas. Five studies were carried out to answer this question. They indicate that personas do not generate more ideas than other sources of inspiration taken into consideration. Their fundamental contribution lies in the nature of the ideas generated and in their ability to orchestrate the selection of these ideas. Moreover, personas support the construction of common representations, the simulation activity and the discussion in the working groups. These results confirm the contribution of personas to a transformation or design process. They allow us to open up perspectives for an enrichment of the intervention

Studien syftar till att förbättra kunskapen om förhållandet mellan idéhantering och idégenereringsvilja hos Volvo CE och presenterar rekommendationer för fortsatt förbättringsarbete. Detta behov har uppkommit då Volvo CE uppfattat att antalet genererade idéer sjunkit. Följande frågor formulerades i arbetets inledningsfas: Hur påverkas deltagarnas vilja att komma med idéer och förbättringsförslag av idéhanteringssystemet? Finns det brister i Volvos idéhanteringssystem och om så är fallet, hur avhjälps detta? Arbetets empiri samlades genom ett antal intervjuer av deltagare och processledare under hösten 2011 och metoden har varit kvalitativ med grundad teori som ansats. Resultatet av arbetet är ett antal faktorer som tillsammans kraftigt påverkar deltagarnas idégenereringsvilja på lång sikt. Bland dessa faktorer finns, för att nämna några, innovation och ledarskap, återkoppling, upplevd expertis och insyn. / This study aims to gather knowledge regarding the connection between idea management and the employees will to participate in idea generation at Volvo CE. This was necessary as Volvo CE perceived that the amount of generated ideas was sinking. Recommendations for further improvements are also presented. The following questions were formulated at the start of this study: How is the participants will to share ideas and suggestions of improvement affected by the idea management system? Are there flaws in Volvo’s idea management system and if so, how can they be resolved? The data was gathered through a series of interviews during the fall of 2011 and the method used was a qualitative method with elements from grounded theory. The results presented are in form of factors that when combined, affect the participants longtime will to generate new ideas. Among these factors are, to mention a few, innovation and leadership, feedback, perceived expertise and transparency.