Supervision of psychotherapy constitutes a major component of the professional training undertaken by individuals pursuing careers in clinical psychology. The empirical literature has only recently begun to address the impact which supervision has on the development of its recipients. The present study explored relationships between changes in the theoretical orientations and personal values of therapist trainees and the theoretical orientations and values of the training faculty who provided them with supervision during a one year training program. Trainee theoretical orientation and personal values were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the training program for three successive training years, yielding a trainee sample N of 16. Follow-up assessment of theoretical orientation was obtained from this sample three to five years after they had completed this one year program. Background characteristics assessed included measures of personality functioning, locus of control and prior clinical experience. Parallel data were collected from 11 supervisory faculty. Regression analyses assessed the extent to which changes in trainee orientations and values could be predicted on the basis of the perspectives held by their supervisors. Trainees were found to enter the program with a positive bias toward psychoanalytic and experiential forms of therapy and a negative bias toward cognitive-behavioral therapy. Through the follow-up assessment this psychoanalytic orientation was maintained and consolidated. Trainees also became more accepting of cognitive-behavioral treatment and less supportive of experiential therapy. While supervisors' orientations were generally found to be unrelated to changes in trainee orientation during the training period, follow-up data suggested that supervisors had influenced the orientations currently held by former trainees. Changes in orientation were found to be unrelated to trainee background characteristics or level of prior clinical experience. Current findings suggested that trainee perceptions of supervisors' influence were related to supervisor status within the training program. Trainees entered the program with value systems that were similar to those of their supervisors. These values did not change substantially during the course of training. Trainee personality characteristics were more frequent predictors of those value changes which did occur than were supervisor values.

Internships are an increasingly popular activity for university students wishing to learn about the world of work, and the term can encompass many types of opportunities for learning about industries, occupations, or simply the experience of a professional workplace. The present study examines students following full-time degree courses across a range of subjects, in internships that are not integrated into course requirements. Internships of this kind are often located within the ‘employability agenda’ for higher education, developing students’ transferable skills to enable them to make smooth transitions to knowledge work outside the university. University careers advisors therefore encourage these internships as a form of experiential learning, and the notion of student employability is implicitly accepted by policymakers and universities. Yet, little is known about how or what students learn in internships. This study, which took place over three summers, examines how six students from one university made sense of their ten-week summer internships in an investment bank. The students were interviewed prior to their internships, three times during the banking internship, and again on return to the university. Using conceptual tools from sociocultural theory, the study starts from an understanding of movement between university and workplace as a matter of transition, rather than transfer and application, of knowledge and skills from university to the workplace. Adopting the idea of the ‘figured world’ (Holland et al., 1998) permits examination of how the students engaged with the cultural world of the workplace setting, interpreting and engaging with the practices there, and experiencing identity struggles that were of significance to them. The findings reveal the lack of support for the students’ engagement both before and during their placements, and have implications for the careers advising given to students undertaking internships. The study therefore concludes with a presentation of the principles that underpin student experience of internships. Universities can assist this by providing more resources for guidance to students undertaking internships, by assisting them with developing an awareness of the motives that are inherent in the workplace, as well as their own motives and those of employers providing internships.

M.Ed. / South Africa has in the last 16 years experienced rapid changes in various spheres including the political, social and economic spheres. Changes in education and training provisions were considered to be fundamental to the process of socio-economic transformation. As a result, in 1994 the newly elected democratic government was mandated to develop a comprehensive education and training system that is responsive to the needs of the country and its citizens. The National Skills Development Strategy (NSDS) was then introduced as a vital strategy for addressing the endemic poverty, dire national skills shortage, chronic unemployment rate, and shockingly poor education levels. Learnerships were conceptualized as the flagship of skills development initiatives and an important vehicle for addressing the above stated social ills. The literature review revealed the learnership as a uniquely South African corporate training programme grounded on internationally acclaimed principles of work-based learning. Learnerships were hyped as specialized skills development programmes aimed at assisting new entrants into employment, providing access to new forms of income generation, thus improving the quality of life of the poor. The aim of this study was to investigate learners’ views regarding the role and success of learnerships organized by the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. It also seeks to determine whether the learners’ views and expectations are compatible with the concept of learnerships. An inductive-qualitative approach was followed. Purposive sampling method was used in order to select twelve learners whose information was rich in content. Data was collected using one-on-one semi-structured interviews with learners enrolled for different learnership programmes.Categorical analysis was employed; by organizing data into workable units, while looking for codes, categories and themes. The study revealed that learners were generally satisfied with the learnership programme, as they indicated that the training met and even exceeded their expectations. However, judging from the literature review and data analysis it was clear that during the conceptualization of learnerships, learners’ views were never sought. Learners seem to have accepted the pre-packed competency based training as a norm. They uncritically expect the employer-determined curriculum to somehow cater for their personal needs and aspirations

This research study assessed Korean students' perceptions and overall satisfaction levels regarding the effectiveness of their hospitality internship experiences. Relationships with demographic characteristics were identified. The sample was comprised of 74 senior-level university students enrolled in hospitality and/or tourism management programs who were completing an internship in Korea. Generally, students exhibited low agreement levels on the internship program aspects being investigated. Previous work experience was the most common factor influencing students' perceptions of their internship experiences. Agreement levels increased with length of prior work experience. Type of internship workplace, expectation of an employment offer, age and gender were found to influence students' perceptions of the internship experiences.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Special Education, Counseling and Student Affairs / Christy Craft / Colleges and universities across the United States seek new, creative, and impactful ways to enhance student engagement. The study of student engagement has led to the identification of several “high-impact” educational practices that appear to generate higher levels of student performance, learning, and development than the traditional classroom experience (Brownell & Swaner, 2010). Internships – when done well – are among the recommended high-impact educational practices (Kuh, 2008). This qualitative study investigated internships to address the following research questions: What is the essence of internships that are done well? What are the student learning outcomes of internships that are done well? Utilizing interviews and a phenomenological approach, this study reconstructed internship experiences of 19 undergraduate students. For the triangulation of data collection, 5 faculty members and 5 employer representatives were also interviewed about their observations regarding student internships. After open coding and analyzing interview transcripts, four essence themes and four outcome themes emerged from the data. According to study participants, internships that are done well require commitment, connect the classroom to career, facilitate good communication, and provide a sense of community. In regards to resulting outcomes, internships that are done well develop the competencies of students, produce career-related crystallization, build self-confidence, and generate capital. The results suggest that when internships are done well, they can embody Kuh’s (2008) six elements of high impact practices as they are effortful, include feedback, apply learning, prompt reflection, build relationships, and engage across differences. The findings of this study have the potential to assist the campus community – faculty, advisors, and career development professionals – as they help students fulfill their learning and career development goals (O’Neill, 2010). First, this study’s findings essentially point to the need for students to demonstrate initiative and fundamental skills during internships. Second, employers must continue to be informed about what constitutes a meaningful internship experience for students. Third, universities should “scale up” high-impact educational practices like internships (Brownell & Swaner, 2010) by creating a developmental approach for program implementation. Furthermore, everyone in the campus community must work together to effectively facilitate internships and other high-impact educational practices.

Essa pesquisa de Mestrado busca investigar as (im)possibilidades de graduandos do curso de Pedagogia se constituírem como sujeitos intérpretes-historicizados, em situação de estágio curricular supervisionado. Baseamo-nos nas premissas teóricas e metodológicas da Análise de Discurso francesa, desenvolvida por Michel Pêcheux, na abordagem Sócio-Histórica do Letramento, enfatizando-se os estudos teóricos sobre autoria, bem como nos estudos a respeito da temática de formação de professores, sobretudo, os que envolvem a investigação da formação inicial do docente, enquanto sujeito graduando de licenciatura. Os procedimentos metodológicos dessa pesquisa constituem-se de questionários, respondidos por graduandos do curso de Pedagogia de duas instituições brasileiras de ensino superior, que cursavam disciplinas de estágio curricular supervisionado para o ensino fundamental, na área da Língua Portuguesa. A análise discursiva dos dados mostra-nos que experiências positivas no estágio curricular são assim consideradas quando o graduando ocupa o lugar de intérprete-historicizado, requisito essencial para que aprenda a argumentar, pensar e refletir sobre os sentidos concernentes aos saberes e fazeres docentes, de maneira ampla, e ao estágio, de forma particular. Ocupar a posição de intérprete-historicizado proporciona ao graduando oportunidades para se entender como sujeito capaz de se deslocar do lugar de sujeito-enunciador de sentidos legitimados para a posição de sujeito-autor de seu próprio dizer, fundamental para o exercício crítico e responsável da docência. / The masters degree research aims to investigate the (im) possibilities of Pedagogy Undergraduates to be the Historically-based interpreter in curricular supervised internship situation. We based this research on theoretical and methodological framework of French Discourse Analysis, developed by Michel Pêcheux, and on the Social-Historical approach to literacy, emphasizing the theoretical studies of authorship, as well as in the studies about teacher training, especially those that involve the investigation of initial training of professor, while licentiate undergraduates. The metodological procedies of this research is made of questionnaires, answered by pedagogy undergraduates of two brazilian colleges, attending disciplines of supervised curricular internship for elementary education in the area of Portuguese language. The discursive analysis of data show us that positive experiences in curricular internship are therefore considered when the undergraduate takes the place of historicized-interpreters, essential requisite to learn to argue, think and reflect about the concerning senses to the professor knowledge and doings, in a wide manner, and to the internship in a particular way. Staying on the position of a historically-based interpreter provides to the undergraduate the opportunities to understand himself or herself as a subject capable to move himself or herself from a place of subject-enunciator of legitimated senses to a position of a subject-author of his or her own speech, fundamental to critical and responsible exercise of teaching.

Nesta tese de doutorado, situada na área Trabalho e Educação e suas relações com a Saúde, concentrei as minhas reflexões na problemática da atividade docente, mais especificamente na atividade de trabalho da enfermeira que atua como professora supervisora do estágio curricular supervisionado na Educação Profissional. É atribuição dessa docente planejar, acompanhar e avaliar o desempenho do discente de acordo com o plano de ensino da disciplina, bem como se responsabilizar tecnicamente pela atuação deste no estágio. A investigação se deu no curso Técnico em Enfermagem, sendo que analisei como as renormalizações produzidas pelos técnicos em enfermagem, que se manifestam durante os momentos de prática de estágio, são tratadas pelas enfermeiras docentes. Para isso, me apoiei na abordagem ergológica do trabalho e nas contribuições sobre norma de Canguilhem, que muito influenciou a ergologia. O percurso metodológico foi dividido em quatro etapas, que foram: 1º) análise documental das bases para a Educação Profissional técnica de nível médio no Brasil, documentos que constituíram a escola e relatos de gestoras que participaram da criação e da implantação do curso na escola pesquisada; 2º) realização de entrevistas com nove enfermeiras docentes que atuam ou já atuaram como supervisoras de estágio; 3º) observação da atividade de trabalho de enfermeiras supervisoras no campo de estágio com o grupo de estudantes sob sua responsabilidade e 4º) participação e observação das reuniões docentes, encontros mensais que já fazem parte do trabaho dessas profissionais Os dados das etapas de observação foram registrados em diário de campo e juntamente com documentos e narrativas das entrevistas foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2010) em diálogo permentente com a abordagem ergológica do trabalho, sendo que para proceder a análise global do material empírico foi preciso utilizar a técnica da triangulação. Para isso, foram agrupados em categorias construídas a partir - em diálogo - com os conceitos centrais da pesquisa e do arcabouço teórico em que se apoia a pesquisa: atividade de trabalho docente, educação profissional, trabalho e educação na educação profissional, práticas profissionais, estágios curriculares supervisionados de enfermagem, experiência e atividade de trabalho da enfermeira docente. Após a análise foi possível identificar que as supervisoras ao se aproximarem do trabalho da enfermagem, se deparam com um fazer que, mesmo tendo por base um conhecimento científico, acaba não sendo reconhecido por elas por ser diferente do que está posto nos manuais e do que foi apresentado previamente aos discentes. No entanto, o fazer dessas docentes durante o estágio também se mostra renormalizado em algumas situações, mas elas não reconhecem a “renormalização” do outro. E como não o reconhecem, não permitem que os discentes o utilizem e nem o incluem no debate – elas excluem esse modo de fazer da formação Essa negação do trabalho renormalizado apresentado pelos técnicos em enfermagem no campo de práticas acontece de várias formas na formação profissional. Observei que muitas docentes se utilizam de estratégias para garantir a realização do trabalho prescrito no campo de práticas colocando-o como única possibilidade. Uma dessas estratégias é excluir os trabalhadores técnicos em enfermagem do processo de ensino aprendizagem. As docentes, dessa forma, ao ignorarem o saber legítimo do técnico em enfermagem sobre o seu fazer e o seu potencial em implicar-se com o processo educativo do estudante, negam o potencial criador desses profissionais e refutam o trabalho real como parte essencial dessa etapa da formação. / In this doctoral thesis, located in the area of Work and Education and its relations with Health, I concentrated my reflections on the problematic of teaching activity, more specifically on the work activity of the nurse who acts as supervising teacher of supervised curricular internship in Vocational Education. It is the assignment of this teacher to plan, monitor and evaluate the performance of the student according to the teaching plan of the discipline, as well as being technically responsible for the performance of this in the stage. The research was conducted in the Technical Nursing course, and I analyzed how the renormalizations produced by nursing technicians, which are manifested during the internship practice, are handled by the teaching nurses. For this, I supported the ergological approach of the work and the contributions on standard of Canguilhem, that very influenced the ergology. The methodological course was divided into four stages, which were: 1) documental analysis of the bases for Professional Technical Education at the secondary level in Brazil, documents that constituted the school and reports of managers who participated in the creation and implementation of the course in the researched school ; 2) conducting interviews with nine teaching nurses who work or have already acted as supervisors of internships; 3) observation of the work activity of supervising nurses in the field of internship with the group of students under their responsibility and 4) participation and observation of the teaching meetings, monthly meetings that are already part of the work of these professionals The data of the observation stages were recorded in field diary and, together with documents and narratives of the interviews, were submitted to content analysis (BARDIN, 2010) in a permanent dialogue with the ergological approach of the work, and to carry out a global analysis of the material the triangulation technique. For this, they were grouped into categories constructed from - in dialogue - with the central concepts of the research and the theoretical framework on which the research is supported: teaching work activity, professional education, work and education in professional education, professional practices, internships supervised nursing curricula, experience and work activity of the teaching nurse. After the analysis, it was possible to identify that the supervisors, when approaching the nursing work, are faced with a task that, although based on a scientific knowledge, is not recognized by them because it is different from what is put in the manuals and what was presented previously to the students. However, the making of these teachers during the internship is also renormalized in some situations, but they do not recognize the "renormalization" of the other. And because they do not recognize it, they do not allow the students to use it and do not include it in the debate - they exclude this way of doing it from training This denial of renormalized work presented by nursing technicians in the field of practice happens in various forms in professional training. I have observed that many teachers use strategies to ensure the achievement of the prescribed work in the field of practice by placing it as the only possibility. One of these strategies is to exclude technical workers in nursing from the process of teaching learning. In this way, teachers, ignoring the legitimate knowledge of the nursing technician about their work and their potential to be involved in the student's educational process, deny the creative potential of these professionals and refute real work as an essential part of this stage training.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:27:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cintia Cardoso Vigiani Carvalho.pdf: 999377 bytes, checksum: ce6b0c7d7c340c0cebc2a3cf1d2341c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-16 / The present paper investigated a group of students of the Nursing Technician course when serving their hospital internship term. Its purpose was to describe and understand the phenomena manifested in the group and in the internship practice, to offer conditions for the discovery of solutions for the issues experienced, favoring a transforming process in the student?s relation with the practice. The psychoanalytical method was applied, using Anzieu and Ka?s? Formation Group technique as an instrument. The participants were eight students in internship terms in a Nursing Technician course. Eight meetings lasting one hour and a quarter were held, twice a week, in the facilities of the school itself. For analysis of the results, the Content Analysis Technique, as described by Mathieu, was used. The main results pointed out regressive experiences in the group, which worked according to an arrangement of the basic assumptions of dependence and fight or flight, composed of intense and primal emotions and playing a determining role in the group organization. Great emotional suffering was noticed, as well as persecutory and depressive anguishes, and a high number of absences. The main defenses used were denial, projection and creation of group illusion. The technique proved to be adequate to the expression and elaboration of anguishes, favoring the evolution of the group towards a more rational working pattern and respecting the principles of reality. The group experience sensitized the students and they were able to discover, by themselves, adequate means to solve some of the issues that came up during the internship experience. We conclude that the formation group has proven to be an efficient means for preventive intervention in Psychology. / Este estudo investigou um grupo de alunos do curso T?cnico de Enfermagem quando em per?odo de est?gio hospitalar. Teve como objetivo descrever e compreender os fen?menos manifestados no grupo e na pr?tica do est?gio, oferecer condi??es para a descoberta de solu??es dos problemas vivenciados, favorecendo um processo transformador na rela??o do aluno com sua pr?tica. Utilizou o m?todo psicanal?tico, tendo como instrumento a t?cnica de Grupo de Forma??o, desenvolvida por Anzieu e Ka?s. Os participantes foram oito alunos em per?odo de est?gio em um curso T?cnico de Enfermagem. Foram realizados oito encontros, ocorridos duas vezes por semana com dura??o de uma hora e quinze minutos, nas depend?ncias da pr?pria escola. Para an?lise dos resultados foi utilizada a T?cnica de An?lise de Conte?do conforme descrita por Mathieu. Os resultados principais apontaram para viv?ncias regressivas no grupo, que funcionou conforme um arranjo dos pressupostos b?sicos de depend?ncia e luta e fuga, constitu?dos de emo??es intensas e primitivas desempenhando papel determinante na organiza??o do grupo. Foi observado grande sofrimento emocional, ang?stias persecut?rias e depressivas e alto n?mero de aus?ncias. As principais defesas utilizadas foram a nega??o, proje??o e cria??o de ilus?o grupal. A t?cnica mostrou-se adequada ? express?o e elabora??o das ang?stias, favorecendo a evolu??o do grupo a um funcionamento mais racional e em respeito aos princ?pios da realidade. A experi?ncia de grupo sensibilizou aos alunos e eles pr?prios puderam descobrir meios apropriados para resolver alguns dos problemas surgidos na experi?ncia de est?gio. Conclu?mos que o grupo de forma??o se mostrou um m?todo eficaz de interven??o preventiva em Psicologia.

O presente estudo buscou responder: Como o PAE e a Monitoria Didática podem contribuir para a reflexão sobre a prática docente? Essa é a questão explorada nessa tese, em um contexto que considera: (i) a importância da formação inicial para a docência nos cursos de pós-graduação, (ii) que o Programa de Aperfeiçoamento do Ensino (PAE), da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), e as disciplinas de monitoria didática, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Controladoria e Contabilidade da USP (PPGCC/USP), buscam suprir de alguma forma essa formação, (iii) que há poucos estudos analisando o PAE, (iv) que os estudos que já foram desenvolvidos denotaram necessidade de maior aprofundamento sobre o tema, a fim de se ter uma melhor compreensão do programa e possibilitar a sua melhoria e aperfeiçoamento, (iv) que não há estudos sobre a monitoria didática. A esses aspectos aliam-se a relevância do PPGCC/USP e as características da formação dos docentes em contabilidade no Brasil. Diante dessa questão e desse contexto, como objetivo geral se busca examinar o PAE e as disciplinas de Monitoria Didática como ações de formação docente por meio da prática e da reflexão sobre a prática docente. Utiliza-se como lente teórica a reflexão sobre a prática, com a abordagem de Schön confrontada às críticas e contribuições de outros trabalhos que tratam sobre o tema. A pesquisa se caracteriza como sendo de abordagem qualitativa, com a construção de evidências por meio de pesquisa documental (Relatórios, fichas de inscrição e outros documentos ligados ao PAE) e entrevistas, com professores(as) da área de educação e/ou relacionados à gestão do PAE, monitores/estagiários(as) do PPGCC da USP, professores(as) que atuaram como supervisores(as) e estudantes da graduação. A relevância do estudo reside na discussão estabelecida sobre a formação docente e sobre programas que tenham por finalidade a preparação para o exercício da docência e, principalmente, pelo fato de que a efetividade dos programas e ações de formação docente impactará na qualidade da formação, desenvolvimento e preparação docente e, consequentemente, na qualidade da formação profissional em contabilidade. Como resultados da pesquisa, foi possível constatar que um envolvimento em todo o processo atrelado a lecionar uma disciplina é importante para que os estagiários(as) possam refletir sobre a docência e tenham um aprendizado mais efetivo. Também são importantes as conversas, trocas de experiências e feedbacks, entre estagiários(as) e supervisores. Esse tipo de participação do(a) monitor(a) muitas vezes não ocorre, por questão temporal, no que se refere ao momento que o(a) professor(a) realiza o planejamento do semestre, por exemplo, por dúvidas referentes ao que o(a) monitor(a) pode e não pode fazer, advindas do desconhecimento das regras e normas do programa e da existência de um currículo oculto que perpetua algumas práticas, ou, até mesmo, pelo fato do(a) monitor(a) não possuir conhecimento suficiente sobre o assunto tratado na disciplina. Desse modo, observa-se a necessidade de um alinhamento entre supervisores e que, ambas as partes, monitor(a) e supervisor(a), tenham conhecimento sobre os objetivos das ações de formação do PAE e da monitoria, de suas responsabilidades e, também, de seu potencial para contribuir com a melhoria do ensino na graduação, por meio da reflexão conjunta sobre as práticas docentes. Foi possível perceber, tanto nas entrevistas com os(as) estagiários(as), quanto com supervisores e estudantes de graduação, que já há exemplos de reflexos positivos para a graduação advindos das monitorias/estágio PAE. Mas, esses reflexos positivos ainda são pontuais e existem muitas oportunidades de melhoria. Pode-se, por fim, afirmar que, da forma como se constitui hoje, a principal função do PAE e da monitoria é aproximar professores e estudantes de graduação, pela intermediação de estagiários(as) PAE e monitores, uma vez que graduandos(as) se sentem mais próximos dos pós-graduandos(as) e mais confortáveis em compartilhar com eles dúvidas e preocupações. Sugere-se que pesquisas futuras busquem estender o estudo do estágio docência em outras instituições, programas e/ou outras unidades da USP; busquem desenvolver pesquisas quantitativas baseadas nos achados qualitativos desta pesquisa; aprofundem o estudo da etapa de preparação pedagógica do PAE; e, dado o contexto de valorização da pesquisa em detrimento do ensino, acredita-se que seria importante entender as percepções de representantes da CAPES e de outros órgãos avaliadores e/ou reguladores com relação ao tema da formação docente na prática. Como implicações dos achados para a prática, tem-se que é possível pensar em ações que possam contribuir com a melhoria do estágio do PAE e da monitoria didática como, por exemplo, buscar envolver o estagiário/monitor em todo o processo, tentar criar espaços (dias/horários) para a troca de ideias, sugestões e feedbacks entre supervisor e estagiário, dar oportunidades para o estagiário/monitor participar de forma ativa das aulas e até dar alguma aula e buscar pensar em formas de deixar mais claros os objetivos e regras da monitoria didática e do PAE tanto para os estagiários, quanto para os supervisores. Essas ações, como visto na pesquisa, têm potencial de impactar de forma positiva a qualidade do ensino dos cursos de graduação e a formação docente e a prática pedagógica de professores em atuação e de professores em formação, em um processo de colaboração e reflexão. Afinal, como nos ensinou Cora Coralina: \"Feliz aquele que transfere o que sabe e aprende ensinando\". / This study seeks to answer the following: How can USP\'s (University of São Paulo) PAE (Programa de Aperfeiçoamento de Ensino - Program for the Improvement of Education) and the Didactical Monitoring (Monitoria Didática) contribute to the debate on educational practice? This study explores this question in a context that considers: (i) the importance of initial formation to faculty in graduate courses, (ii) that USP\'s PAE and the Didactical Monitoring disciplines of USP\'s Graduate Program in Controllership and Accounting (PPGCC/USP) seek to somehow provide that formation, (iii) that there are few studies that analyze the PAE, (iv) that the studies that have been made have pointed out a necessity for a deeper understanding of the subject in order to better comprehend the program and enable its betterment and perfection, and (v) that there are no studies about the didactical monitoring. Adding to these aspects, we have the relevance of PPGCC/USP and the characteristics of the faculty formation in accounting in Brazil. Facing this question and this context, the general goal of this study is to examine the PAE and the Didactical Monitoring as faculty formation actions through the practice of and reflection on the teaching practice. Our theoretical approach is reflection on the practice, with Schön\'s approach used along with criticisms that have been made about it, as well as the contributions of other works that deal with the subject. This research uses a qualitative approach, building up evidence via documental research (reports, application forms and other documents related to the PAE) and interviews with teachers from the field of education and/or those related to PAE\'s management, with teaching assistants/interns from USP\'s PPGCC, with teachers who acted as supervisors, and with undergraduate students. The importance of this study resides in the established discussion on faculty formation and on programs that aim to prepare people for the exercise of teaching; and most of all, in the fact that the effectivity of programs and actions geared towards faculty formation will impact the quality of the formation, development and preparation of teachers and consequently the quality of professional formation in the field of Accounting as a whole. As a result of this research, we were able to determine that being involved in every part of the process of teaching a course is important for the interns to be able to reflect on teaching and so that they may have a more effective learning experience. Also important are the conversations, the sharing of experiences and the sharing of feedback between interns and supervisors. This participation of the assistant doesn\'t often occur, though: whether it is because of time management issues, referring to the moment the teacher plans out the semester, for example; because of doubts related to what the assistant can and can\'t do stemming from lack of knowledge about the program\'s rules and norms and the existence of a hidden curriculum that perpetuates some practices; or even because the assistant might not have enough knowledge on the subject the course deals with. In that manner, we observed a need for alignment between supervisors and that both parts, assistant and supervisor, need to have knowledge about the goals and formation actions of the PAE and of the assistants, of their responsibilities, and also of their potential for contributing towards the betterment of teaching in undergraduate courses - and that shared knowledge is built via collective reflection on the teaching practices. We were able to notice, both in interviews with interns and interviews with supervisor and undergraduate students, that there already are examples of positive impacts in undergraduate courses that stem from the PAE assistant programs/internships. But these impacts are still relatively one-off and there are many opportunities for improvement. We can, finally, affirm that with the way it is set up today, the main function of the PAE and the Didactical Monitoring is to bring together teachers and undergraduate students through the intermediation of the PAE interns and teaching assistants since the undergraduate students feel closer to the graduate students and this more comfortable in sharing their doubts and worries with them. We suggest that future research attempts seek to extend the study on education internships to other institutions, programs and/or other USP units; that they seek to develop quantitative research based on the qualitative findings of this research; that they study the PAE\'s pedagogic preparation stage more closely; and, given the present context in which research is valued in lieu of teaching, we believe it would be important to understand the perception that CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) representatives and other evaluating/regulatory agencies have about the theme of docent formation in practice. As an implication of the findings towards the practice, we hold that it\'s possible to think about actions that can contribute to the betterment of the PAE internship and the Didactical Monitoring, such as: engaging the intern/assistant in the whole process, trying to make room (days/times) for the sharing of ideas, suggestions and feedback between supervisor and intern, and giving the interns opportunities to take an active role in the classes and even perhaps give a lecture themselves. These actions, as seen in this research, have the potential to positively impact the quality of education in undergraduate courses and the faculty formation and teaching practice of professors/teachers both acting and in formation, in a process of collaboration and reflection. After all, as Cora Coralina taught us: \"happy are those who transfer what they know and who learn by teaching.\"

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o perfil dos candidatos ao Concurso de Residência Médica do Sistema Único de Saúde a partir do Concurso 1999, comparando-o com o concurso realizado 5 anos depois, Concurso SUS 2004. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo a partir da utilização de dados secundários contidos num banco organizado pela Fundação Carlos Chagas e disponibilizado para a Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo. As variáveis dos candidatos analisadas foram: sexo, idade, opção de escolha, local de graduação, natureza jurídica da faculdade de graduação, bem como seu desempenho no Exame Nacional de Cursos - Provão, presença e situação de habilitação no concurso. O número de candidatos aumentou 18% no período, sendo a maioria dos inscritos do sexo masculino, embora as mulheres tenham aumentado seu percentual de participação. A maior parte dos candidatos encontra-se na faixa entre 22 e 24 anos, seguida por candidatos na faixa entre 25 e 27 anos, tendo havido um envelhecimento do perfil dos candidatos no período. A maioria dos inscritos origina-se da Região Sudeste, sobretudo do Estado de São Paulo, e as Regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste contribuem com o menor percentual de candidatos. De forma geral predominam candidatos graduados em faculdades públicas, principalmente federais e, no caso dos candidatos graduados no Estado de São Paulo, a maior parte graduou-se em faculdades privadas. As especialidades com maior número de candidatos são as das Áreas Básicas, sobretudo a Clínica Médica, seguida pelas especialidades com acesso direto, enquanto as especialidades que exigem cumprimento de pré-requisito anterior contam com o menor número de candidatos, apesar de ser o único grupo que apresentou incremento no percentual de candidatos no período. A maior parte dos inscritos graduou-se em faculdades com conceito C na avaliação do provão, sendo o percentual de candidatos oriundos de escolas com ótima avaliação no provão (conceitos A ou B) é um pouco superior ao de candidatos oriundos de escolas com avaliação ruim (conceitos D ou E). A relação entre o número de candidatos habilitados e o de presentes (índice de habilitação) é maior para a Região Sul, enquanto a Região Norte apresenta o menor índice entre as regiões. Este índice ainda é superior para candidatos oriundos de faculdades públicas assim como para os candidatos oriundos de escolas com melhor avaliação no provão. O índice de ausência sofreu redução de 50% no período, sendo maior para candidatos graduados em escolas públicas, assim como para os originários da Região Sul do país. / The objective of the study was to describe the applicants profile to Single Health System Medical Residency Contest in 1999, comparing to applicants profile to the contest placed five years later. This is a descriptive study, based on secondary data organized by Fundação Carlos Chagas and put available to Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo. The applicants\' variables analyzed were: gender, age, medical specialty, place of graduation, legal nature of university\'s graduation course, performance at the Courses National Examination, attendance frequency and contest habilitation condition. The number of applicants increased 18% in the period and most of the applicants were men, although women had increased their relative participation. In 1999 and 2004, most of the applicants were between 22 and 24 years, followed by applicants between 25 and 27. However, the relative participation of this last group has increased in 2004, pointing to an ageing of the applicants profile in the period. Most of the applicants were from Brazil Southwest region, especially from São Paulo state; Brazilian North and Center regions contributed with the smallest number of applicants. In general terms, applicants that graduated from public universities (mainly federal universities) predominate and applicants from São Paulo state were, in most cases, graduated from private universities. The specialties that had the highest number of applicants were Basics Areas (mainly Medical Clinic), followed by direct access specialties, while specialties that requires a concluded program had the smallest number of applicants; however, this were the only group which relative number of applicants had increased during the period. Most of the applicants were from universities with grade C in the national examination, and the number of applicants from universities with a good performance (grade A or B) was a little higher than the applicants from universities with a bad performance (grade D ou E). The relationship between the number of applicants habilitated and the number of applicants that were present (index of habilitation) is higher in South Region, while the North Region presents the smallest index; this index is higher when considering applicants from public universities and universities with good performance in the Courses National Examination. The absence index had decreased 50% in the period, being higher in applicants from public universities than from private ones, as in applicants from the South of the country.